Method for preventing secondary blooming of Cuiguan pear trees

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting stocks and scions: selecting the Cuiguan pear trees which are more than 3 years old and are susceptible to diseases, namely susceptible to early fallen leaves and are subjected to secondary flowering as the stocks; the scion is selected from a pear tree variety yellow flower or jade which is robust in growth vigor, free of plant diseases and insect pests, in a full bearing period and resistant to early fallen leaves and secondary blooming, and the scion is a thick, strong and full annual branch; 2, top grafting is carried out, wherein top grafting is carried out when tree body dormancy ends in spring and sap begins to flow, or top grafting is carried out before tree body leaves fall; step 3, management and maintenance; and 4, monitoring and evaluating. According to the method, continuous 3-year test results prove that the effect of preventing and treating secondary flowering of the Cuiguan pear trees after primary top grafting is remarkable and lasting; operation is simple, and scion obtaining is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees. Background Art

[0002] Pear trees are one of the most important fruit trees, with a variety of varieties and a wide cultivation area. Cuiguan Pear belongs to the sand pear family and is a new variety bred by the Horticulture Research Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Hangzhou Fruit Research Institute through the hybridization of Japanese Xingshui × (Hangqing × New Century) [1] In recent years, this variety has been widely promoted in Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, and has the characteristics of excellent quality, wide adaptability, strong stress resistance and high yield.

[0003] However, in actual cultivation, the Cuiguan pear tree is prone to early leaf drop when encountering adverse conditions (the morphological comparison between normal Cuiguan pear trees and early leaf-dropping Cuiguan pear trees at the same time, such as Figure 1 shown) and secondary blooming phenomenon [2] The two are closely related. If early leaf fall occurs early and is severe, secondary flowering will be severe. Otherwise, it will be late or even not occur. [3] Among them, secondary flowering mainly refers to the abnormal flowering of trees in autumn before mid-to-early October each year. [4] Early leaf fall causes the tree to enter dormancy early, which is not conducive to the return and accumulation of nutrients in the tree. Once the temperature rises briefly after leaf fall, the dormant flower buds may be awakened and the tree may bloom again in the same year. This phenomenon will not only weaken the tree, but also have a negative impact on the fruit yield and quality in the following year.

[0004] The reasons may be as follows: Cuiguan Pear's parent is Japanese sand pear, which has poor ability to adapt to the high temperature and high humidity weather in southern my country in summer. [2] The ecological environment of Cuiguan Pear has deteriorated, which has seriously reduced the resistance of Cuiguan Pear. The pear orchard has improper fertilization, the soil is compacted and has poor permeability, the trees have too many branches, the nutrition consumption is large, the trees are weak, and the diseases and insect pests are getting worse. [5] Early leaf fall is mainly characterized by yellow-green leaves, and mottled yellowing and falling off accounts for the vast majority of the time. The most important and direct cause is leaf disease [3] .

[0005] The commonly used prevention and control method in production is to control diseases and pests on the trees, such as spraying insecticides and fungicides. The diseases that cause early leaf drop in pear trees mainly include anthracnose, brown spot, ring rot, blight, black spot, etc. Spraying pesticides can achieve a certain control effect. [5] ; or spray ABA, chlormequat and other hormones to regulate the flower buds to enter a dormant state normally [4]; or adopt traditional heavy pruning and rejuvenation technology to improve the ventilation and light conditions of the trees, restore the growth of the trees, and enhance the resistance of the trees; or improve orchard management measures such as orchard soil and fertilizer.

[0006] For Cuiguan pear, the fruit of this pear variety usually matures in early to mid-July every year. [1] The above-mentioned leaf diseases mostly occur from early July to late August each year, when the fruits of the Cuiguan Pear are ripe for harvest. It is not suitable to spray pesticides, which causes the diseased pear trees to shed their leaves 2-3 months earlier than normal pear trees, seriously affecting the growth and development of the pear trees, resulting in a reduction in pear yield and economic losses. Conventional fruit tree cultivation techniques and methods such as spraying hormones need to be carried out every year, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has poor prevention and control effects.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned defects, the inventors, after a long period of research and practice, proposed a method for preventing and controlling the secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees by high-grafting disease-resistant (resistant to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) pear trees (yellow flower or jade) onto disease-susceptible (susceptible to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) Cuiguan pear trees.

[0008] References:

[0009] [1] Deng Junbo, Huang Changwu, Liu Daoxian, et al. Characteristic performance of Cuiguan Pear and early fruiting and high-yield cultivation technology[J]. Deciduous Fruit Trees, 2021, 53(2): 62-65.

[0010] [2] Chen Chaojun, Yan Weidong, Lin Feng. Experiment on high yield of Cuiguan pear with multiple high grafting[J]. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 22(22): 53, 73.

[0011] [3] Huang Xinzhong, Zeng Shaomin, Zhang Changhe, et al. Effects of plant growth inhibitors on pear leaf diseases, early leaf drop and secondary flowering[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 34(2): 184-191.

[0012] [4] Zhang Quanjun, Li Wengui, Lin Yang, et al. Factors affecting the secondary flowering of Pyrus truncatula and comprehensive prevention and control techniques[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024(3):214-216.

[0013] [5] Xiang Baojin, Xu Shengwen. Causes and control measures of abnormal leaf fall of Cuiguan pear[J]. Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology, 2015(4):31-32. Summary of the invention

[0014] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees, so as to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0015] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0016] A method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of a Cuiguan pear tree comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Choose rootstock and scion

[0018] Choice of rootstock:

[0019] Select the Cuiguan pear trees that are more than 3 years old and susceptible to disease, i.e. early leaf drop and secondary flowering, as the rootstock to ensure that they can combine well with the scion;

[0020] Selection of scion:

[0021] The scion is collected from the pear varieties of Huanghua or Cuiyu, which are healthy, disease-free, and in the peak fruit-bearing period. They are resistant to disease, i.e., early leaf drop and secondary flowering. The scion is a thick, full one-year branch.

[0022] If the high grafting is done in spring when the tree body ends dormancy and the sap begins to flow (usually in the middle or late February to early March in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), the scion can be grafted immediately after being harvested or grafted after being harvested and refrigerated at low temperature; during this process, if transportation is required, attention should be paid to moisture retention during transportation;

[0023] If the high grafting is done before the tree leaves fall (usually from mid-October to the end of November in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), the scion can be harvested and grafted immediately; during this process, if transportation is required, attention should be paid to moisture preservation during transportation;

[0024] Step 2: High connection

[0025] High grafting is done in spring when the tree ends its dormancy and the sap begins to flow (usually in mid- to late February or early March in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), or before the tree loses its leaves (usually in mid-October to late November in Jiangsu and Zhejiang). High grafting includes:

[0026] Prune the scion branches to about 6 cm, leaving 2-3 strong and full leaf buds on them to ensure that they have good growth status and resistance to diseases and insect pests;

[0027] For each Cuiguan pear tree, 9-12 long branches on the upper part of the Cuiguan pear tree should be evenly cut off. When cutting off the long branches, ensure that there is a length of 8-9 cm from the base to the cut end to facilitate the cutting grafting (a kind of high grafting) operation;

[0028] Trim the cut of the stock evenly, use a grafting knife to cut vertically on the smoother side of the stock, the cut part must have a little wood, and the cut is about 2.5cm long; for the scion that has been pruned to about 6cm, cut a smooth cut of about 2.5cm long, i.e. a long bevel, on the side without buds at the base, be careful not to cut off the pith, and cut a short bevel less than 1cm long on the other side of the base, so that the base of the scion is flat wedge-shaped; insert the side of the long bevel at the base of the scion into the cut of the stock, align the cambium on both sides, and leave about 0.2cm on the cut surface of the scion, i.e. the upper end of the long bevel, which is conducive to the healing of the cut of the stock and the scion; after the grafting is completed, use plastic film to bind it; perform the same grafting operation on each cut of the stock;

[0029] Step 3: Management and maintenance

[0030] After high-grafting, check the survival of the scion in time. If the scion dries up and dies, re-graft it in time. After the scion survives, remove the binding in time. After the high-grafted scion survives, manage and maintain the high-grafted Cuiguan pear tree regularly according to routine procedures, including removing suckers, pruning the tree, fertilizing the orchard soil, and controlling pests and diseases to ensure that the high-grafted Cuiguan pear tree can grow healthily. Keep the orchard clean and tidy, create good ventilation and light conditions, and provide a suitable environment for the growth and development of the high-grafted Cuiguan pear tree.

[0031] Step 4: Monitor and evaluate

[0032] Regularly monitor the growth and fruit development of the grafted Cuiguan pear trees, and evaluate changes in yield and quality; adjust management and maintenance measures based on monitoring and evaluation results to improve yield and quality.

[0033] Furthermore, in step 1, grafting after collecting and refrigerating at low temperature includes: collecting scion branches from dormant trees, and storing the scion branches in wet sand after collecting, which can be stored for 2-3 months. The humidity of the wet sand should be controlled so that it can be squeezed into a ball by hand and dispersed when released. Alternatively, the scion branches are stored in a 3-10℃ cold storage after collecting, which can be stored for 2-3 months. 2-3 days before high grafting, select scion branches with less water loss and no rot, and place them at room temperature to wake them up, so that they can sprout and peel before being used for grafting.

[0034] Furthermore, in step 2, the scion branch is pruned to about 6 cm, retaining 3 strong and full leaf buds thereon.

[0035] Furthermore, in step 2, high grafting must avoid adverse weather conditions including cold waves, strong winds, hail, heavy rain, and high temperatures; if high grafting is performed in the spring when the tree's dormancy ends and the sap begins to flow (usually mid-to-late February to early March in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), it should be performed on a sunny day, and high grafting should be avoided when the temperature is too low in the morning and evening; if high grafting is performed before the tree loses its leaves (usually mid-October to the end of November in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), it should be performed on a sunny day, and high grafting should be avoided when the sunlight is strong at noon; professional high grafting tools should be used in the high grafting process, including grafting knives, plastic films, and hand grips, and the grafting workers who implement the process must undergo rigorous training. The workers' technical level and proficiency are closely related to the grafting survival rate.

[0036] Furthermore, in step 3, tree pruning includes winter pruning and summer pruning; the high-grafting marks are kept to avoid cutting off the high-grafted scion during winter pruning and summer pruning.

[0037] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0038] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling the secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees by high grafting disease-resistant (resistant to early leaf fall and secondary flowering) Cuiguan pear varieties on disease-susceptible (susceptible to early leaf fall and secondary flowering) Cuiguan pear trees, aiming to solve the problem of excessive nutrient consumption caused by early leaf fall and secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees in adverse environments, thereby ensuring the stability of Cuiguan pear tree yield. For Cuiguan pear trees, this technology uses disease-resistant (resistant to early leaf fall and secondary flowering) varieties (yellow flower, jade) to accurately perform high grafting (high grafting is performed after 9-12 long branches on the upper part of each Cuiguan pear tree are evenly cut off). After high grafting, although Cuiguan pear trees will still shed leaves, disease-resistant (resistant to early leaf fall and secondary flowering) varieties (yellow flower, jade) will not shed leaves (scion is a thick and full annual branch, on which 2-3 strong and full leaf buds must be retained), and the tree nutrients continue to supply the growth of the upper leaves to prevent the tree from entering a dormant period prematurely. Even if the environmental conditions are similar to the climatic conditions when the pear trees bloom in spring, the flower buds will not germinate early, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and controlling the secondary flowering of the Cuiguan pear trees. If high grafting is performed in the spring when the tree body ends dormancy and the sap begins to flow upward (usually mid-to-late February to early March in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), secondary flowering can be avoided in the same year. If high grafting is performed before the tree body sheds its leaves (usually mid-October to the end of November in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), secondary flowering can be avoided in the following year. The present invention utilizes high grafting technology, not to replace the Cuiguan pear trees with other excellent varieties, but to provide a way to continuously supply nutrients to the growth of the upper leaves by high grafting yellow flowers or jade varieties on Cuiguan pear trees that are susceptible to diseases (early leaf shedding and secondary flowering), thereby preventing the tree body from entering a dormant period prematurely, and the fruits harvested after high grafting are still mainly Cuiguan pear fruits. The present invention provides important theoretical and practical guidance for achieving sustainable and healthy growth of Cuiguan pear trees and increasing the yield and economic benefits of orchards.

[0039] The present invention can make up for the defect of limited time for pesticide application, and at the same time can reduce the consumption of medicine and labor caused by spraying pesticides and hormones or adopting conventional fruit tree cultivation techniques every year. The test results of three consecutive years have verified that the effect of preventing and controlling the secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees after one high grafting of the present invention is significant and lasting; the present invention is simple to operate, and the disease-resistant (anti-early leaf fall and secondary flowering) scion yellow flower or emerald is an easily available pear variety, and the scion is easy to obtain. The present invention has a good control effect on the secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees, and compared with the control method of applying pesticides, it is highly environmentally friendly and has a very broad application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a comparison of the morphology of a normal Cuiguan pear tree (left) and an early deciduous Cuiguan pear tree (right) at the same time. The Cuiguan pear trees on the left and right are of the same age, and both are open-heart shaped. Normal Cuiguan pear trees have more leaves and are emerald green; while most of the leaves on the branches of the early deciduous Cuiguan pear tree have fallen off, and the remaining very few leaves are yellow-green or dark green.

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of high grafting technology for secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees to prevent diseases (early leaf drop and secondary flowering). 1 Cut off the long branches, 2 Yellow flower or jade scion, 3 Rootstock, 4 Insert the scion, 5 Tie it up. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the examples and drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] After the Cuiguan pear trees in the pear garden of Sanguo Fruit Industry Co., Ltd. in Luniao Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province showed serious secondary flowering, 300 susceptible Cuiguan pear trees over 3 years old (susceptible to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) were grafted with jade or yellow varieties in 2021 for testing. The test verified that the prevention and control rate of secondary flowering of the 300 susceptible Cuiguan pear trees (susceptible to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) after high grafting can reach 100%. The specific process includes:

[0045] Step 1: Choose rootstock and scion

[0046] Choice of rootstock:

[0047] Select susceptible (susceptible to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) Cuiguan pear trees over 3 years old as rootstocks to ensure they can combine well with the scion;

[0048] Selection of scion:

[0049] The scion is collected from a healthy, disease-free, and disease-resistant (resistant to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) pear tree variety (yellow flower or jade) in the peak fruit-bearing period. The scion is a thick, full one-year-old branch.

[0050] If high grafting is performed in spring when the tree body ends dormancy and the sap begins to flow (usually mid-to-late February to early March in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), the scion can be grafted immediately after being harvested or grafted after being collected and refrigerated at low temperature (collect scion branches from dormant trees, and store them in wet sand after harvesting. They can be stored for 2-3 months. The humidity of the wet sand should be controlled so that it can be squeezed into a ball by hand and will fall apart when released. Alternatively, the scion branches can be stored in a 3-10℃ cold storage after harvesting. They can be stored for 2-3 months. 2-3 days before high grafting, select scion branches with less water loss and no rot, and place them at room temperature to wake them up, so that they can sprout and peel before being used for grafting); during this process, if transportation is required, attention should be paid to moisturizing during transportation;

[0051] If the high grafting is done before the tree leaves fall (usually from mid-October to the end of November in Jiangsu and Zhejiang), the scion can be harvested and grafted immediately; during this process, if transportation is required, attention should be paid to moisture preservation during transportation;

[0052] In this embodiment, high grafting is performed before the tree leaves fall (from mid-October to the end of November 2021), and the scion is collected from the yellow flower or jade pear tree in the pear garden of our company, and the grafting is done immediately after the collection;

[0053] Step 2: High connection

[0054] Before the tree leaves fall (from mid-October to the end of November 2021), high grafting is carried out. High grafting includes ( Figure 2 ):

[0055] Prune the scion branches to about 6 cm, leaving 3 strong and full leaf buds on them to ensure that they have good growth status and resistance to diseases and insect pests;

[0056] For each Cuiguan pear tree, 9-12 long branches on the upper part of the Cuiguan pear tree should be evenly cut off. When cutting off the long branches, ensure that there is a length of 8-9 cm from the base to the cut end to facilitate the cutting grafting (a kind of high grafting) operation;

[0057] Trim the stock cut flat, use a grafting knife to cut vertically on the relatively smooth side of the stock, the cut part must have a little wood, and the cut is about 2.5cm long; for the scion that has been trimmed to about 6cm, cut a smooth cut (long bevel) about 2.5cm long on the side without buds at the base, be careful not to cut off the pith, and cut a short bevel less than 1cm long on the other side of the base to make the scion base flat wedge-shaped; insert the side of the long bevel at the base of the scion into the stock cut, align the cambium on both sides, and leave about 0.2cm on the upper end of the scion cut surface (long bevel surface) to facilitate the healing of the stock and scion cuts; after grafting, use plastic film to bind; perform the same grafting operation on each stock cut;

[0058] The process must avoid adverse weather conditions such as cold waves, strong winds, hail, heavy rain, and high temperatures. Since the high-grafting process is carried out before the leaves of the tree fall (from mid-October to the end of November 2021), it is carried out on sunny days, and high-grafting should be avoided during the strong sunlight at noon. Professional high-grafting tools (grafting knives, plastic films, hand tools, etc.) must be used during the high-grafting process, and the grafting workers who implement the process must undergo strict training. The workers' technical level and proficiency are closely related to the grafting survival rate.

[0059] Step 3: Management and maintenance

[0060] After high grafting, the survival of the scion was checked in time. A small number of scions dried up and died. After being discovered, the grafting workers promptly re-grafted them. After the scion survived, the binding was removed in time. After the high-grafted scion survived, the high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees were managed and maintained regularly according to the routine, including: after the graft survived, the rootstock often sprouted many tiller buds. In order to concentrate nutrients for the growth of the scion, the tillers needed to be removed; the trees were pruned normally in winter and summer (the high-grafting marks were kept to avoid cutting off the high-grafted scions during winter and summer pruning); the orchard soil was fertilized regularly, with chemical fertilizers as the main fertilizer, and targeted compound fertilizers were used. Organic fertilizers were applied appropriately in winter, and the amount of fertilizer applied was appropriately increased as the tree age increased; insecticidal boards and insecticidal lamps were hung in the orchard, and pesticides were sprayed regularly for disease and pest control; the orchard environment was kept clean and tidy, and good ventilation and light conditions were created to provide a suitable environment for the growth and development of the high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees;

[0061] Step 4: Monitor and evaluate

[0062] Regularly monitor the growth and fruit development of the grafted Cuiguan pear trees, and evaluate changes in yield and quality; adjust management and maintenance measures based on monitoring and evaluation results to improve yield and quality.

[0063] In this embodiment, a total of 300 susceptible (susceptible to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) Cuiguan pear trees were grafted. After the grafting, the survival of the scion was checked. After ensuring its survival, the orchard management staff regularly monitored the growth of the high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees, and the secondary flowering prevention and control effect of the high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees was statistically analyzed. The secondary flowering phenomenon of 300 high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees was counted for three consecutive years in mid-October 2022, mid-October 2023, and mid-October 2024. It was found that there was no secondary flowering phenomenon in the 300 high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees for three consecutive years in 2022, 2023, and 2024. And from the 300 high-grafted Cuiguan pear trees, 20 trees (6 high-grafted Cuiyu, 6 high-grafted Huanghua, and 8 high-grafted Cuiyu and Huanghua) were selected as the high-grafted treatment group, and 20 diseased Cuiguan pear trees that were not high-grafted (susceptible to early leaf drop and secondary flowering) were selected as the non-high-grafted treatment group or the control group. The two Cuiguan pear trees with the same numbers in the high-grafted treatment group and the non-high-grafted treatment group had the same age, similar growth, and similar disease severity. For each Cuiguan pear tree in each group, one one-year-old Cuiguan branch facing the outside of the crown and with similar branch growth was selected from the east, south, west, and north directions of the crown for marking for statistics. On March 24, 2023, the branch length (the length from the base of the branch to the top), branch thickness (the thickness of the base of the branch), and the number of flowers on the branch (in the unit of the number of flowers on one branch) of each group were counted. The results are shown in Table 1. From Table 1, it can be seen that the number of flowers in the branches of the Cuiguan pear tree after high grafting is higher than that of the Cuiguan pear tree without high grafting. The Cuiguan pear tree without high grafting still has a secondary flowering phenomenon, which leads to a decrease in the number of flowers in the spring (the reason why the secondary flowering phenomenon has an impact on the industry is that the flower buds that should have sprouted in the spring of the second year sprouted in the current year), which further shows that the high grafting of the present invention has a good effect in preventing and controlling secondary flowering. And according to the comparison of branch thickness and branch length, it can be seen that the tree vigor of the Cuiguan pear tree without high grafting is weaker than that of the Cuiguan pear tree after high grafting.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Choose rootstock and scion Choice of rootstock: Select the Cuiguan pear trees which are more than 3 years old and susceptible to the disease, i.e. early leaf drop and secondary flowering, as rootstocks; Selection of scion: The scion is collected from the pear varieties of Huanghua or Cuiyu, which are healthy, disease-free, and in the peak fruit-bearing period. They are resistant to disease, i.e., early leaf drop and secondary flowering. The scion is a thick, full one-year branch. If high grafting is done in spring when the tree ends dormancy and the sap begins to flow, the scion can be grafted immediately after being harvested or after being harvested and refrigerated at low temperature; During this process, if transportation is required, attention should be paid to moisturizing during transportation; If the scion is grafted before the tree leaves fall, it can be grafted immediately after being harvested. During this process, if it needs to be transported, it should be kept moist during transportation. Step 2: High connection Grafting is done in the spring when the tree ends its dormancy and the sap begins to flow, or before the tree loses its leaves. Grafting includes: Prune the scion branches to about 6 cm, leaving 2-3 strong and full leaf buds on them; For each Cuiguan pear tree, 9-12 long branches on the upper part of the Cuiguan pear tree should be cut off evenly. When cutting off the long branches, ensure that there is a length of 8-9cm from the base to the cut end to facilitate the grafting operation; Trim the cut of the stock evenly, use a grafting knife to cut vertically on the relatively smooth side of the stock, the cut part must have a little wood, and the cut length is about 2.5cm; for the scion that has been trimmed to about 6cm, cut a smooth cut of about 2.5cm long, i.e., a long bevel, on the side without buds at the base, and be careful not to cut off the pith, and cut a short bevel less than 1cm long on the other side of the base, so that the base of the scion is flat wedge-shaped; insert the side of the long bevel at the base of the scion into the cut of the stock, align the cambium on both sides, and leave about 0.2cm on the cut surface of the scion, i.e., the upper end of the long bevel; after the grafting is completed, use plastic film to bind it; perform the same grafting operation on each cut of the stock; Step 3: Management and maintenance After high-grafting, check the survival of the scion in time. If the scion dries up and dies, re-graft it in time. After the scion survives, remove the binding in time. After the high-grafted scion survives, manage and maintain the high-grafted Cuiguan pear tree regularly according to routine procedures, including removing suckers, pruning the tree, fertilizing the orchard soil, and controlling pests and diseases to ensure that the high-grafted Cuiguan pear tree can grow healthily. Keep the orchard clean and tidy, create good ventilation and light conditions, and provide a suitable environment for the growth and development of the high-grafted Cuiguan pear tree. Step 4: Monitor and evaluate Regularly monitor the growth and fruit development of the grafted Cuiguan pear trees, and evaluate changes in yield and quality; adjust management and maintenance measures based on monitoring and evaluation results to improve yield and quality.

2. A method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, grafting after collecting and refrigerating at low temperature includes: collecting scion branches from dormant trees, and storing the scion branches in wet sand after collecting, which can be stored for 2-3 months. The humidity of the wet sand should be controlled so that it can be squeezed into a ball by hand and dispersed when released, or the scion branches are stored in a 3-10℃ cold storage after collecting, which can be stored for 2-3 months. 2-3 days before high grafting, select scion branches with less water loss and no rot, place them at room temperature to wake them up, and use them for grafting after they sprout and peel.

3. A method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, trim the scion branch to about 6 cm, leaving 3 strong and plump leaf buds on it.

4. A method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, high grafting must avoid adverse weather conditions including cold waves, strong winds, hail, heavy rain, and high temperatures; if high grafting is to be performed in the spring when the tree's dormancy ends and the sap begins to flow, it should be performed on a sunny day, and high grafting should be avoided when the temperature is too low in the morning and evening; if high grafting is to be performed before the tree loses its leaves, it should be performed on a sunny day, and high grafting should be avoided when the sun is strong at noon.

5. The method for preventing and controlling secondary flowering of Cuiguan pear trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, tree pruning includes winter pruning and summer pruning.

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