Resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloy

Abstract

The invention provides a resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloy. The resistance spot welding method comprises the following steps that S1, a welding electrode is adopted to apply first pressure to the to-be-welded position of the to-be-welded aluminum alloy; s2, rotating the welding electrode to damage an oxidation film on the surface of the to-be-welded part under the condition that the first pressure is applied; s3, the pressure of the welding electrode is adjusted to be second pressure; and S4, under the second pressure, the welding electrode is used for conducting welding treatment on the to-be-welded aluminum alloy, and the welded aluminum alloy is obtained. In the step S2, the welding electrode is rotated, so that the welding electrode and the surface of the to-be-welded aluminum alloy are in contact sliding, a coating film and an oxide layer on the surface of the to-be-welded aluminum alloy are favorably damaged, and the contact resistance between the welding electrode and the to-be-welded aluminum alloy is favorably reduced. According to the resistance spot welding method, the defects of splashing, cracks, lock holes and incomplete fusion are avoided, and the method is easy to operate and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloy. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the automobile industry, lightweighting has become an important trend in automobile design. Aluminum alloy, as a lightweight and high-strength material, has gradually replaced traditional steel and become one of the important materials for automobile manufacturing. The application of aluminum alloy can not only reduce the weight of the car and improve fuel efficiency, but also reduce emissions and meet environmental protection requirements. Resistance spot welding, as an efficient welding process, has been widely used in the manufacture of aluminum alloy bodies due to its advantages of low cost, fast speed and high connection strength. However, in the application of aluminum alloy resistance spot welding technology, since aluminum alloy is easy to form a dense aluminum oxide film in the air, this oxide film will hinder the transmission of current and affect the welding quality.

[0003] At present, there are several ways to improve the quality of welds when performing resistance spot welding of aluminum alloys: (1) Before welding, the oxide film is removed by sanding the surface of the aluminum alloy plate with sandpaper, cleaning with alcohol or acetone, etc. However, the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is very easy to oxidize again after grinding and cleaning, and this process cannot be effectively implemented and applied in industrial production; (2) For example, General Motors designed an electrode cap with a raised shape, which can pierce the oxide film during welding, thereby achieving a stable welding process. This method requires the design of a special electrode cap and a special grinding device, which brings additional costs. At the same time, due to the design of the raised electrode cap, the surface of the weld after welding will have special marks caused by the raised design. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloys to solve the problem of difficulty in removing the oxide film of the aluminum alloy in the resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloys in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloy is provided, and the resistance spot welding method comprises the following steps: step S1, applying a first pressure to a portion to be welded of the aluminum alloy by using a welding electrode; step S2, while maintaining the first pressure, rotating the welding electrode to destroy the oxide film on the surface of the portion to be welded; step S3, adjusting the pressure of the welding electrode to a second pressure; step S4, under the second pressure, using the welding electrode to weld the aluminum alloy to obtain a welded aluminum alloy.

[0006] Furthermore, the first pressure is 1.0-3.0 kN.

[0007] Furthermore, the above-mentioned rotation is performed along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode; the rotation angle is ≥90°, preferably 90° to 360°; or, the welding electrode is rotated back and forth at a rotation angle of 90° to 180°.

[0008] Furthermore, the material of the welding electrode is copper or a copper alloy; preferably, the copper alloy is an aluminum oxide copper alloy or a chromium zirconium copper alloy.

[0009] Furthermore, the welding electrode is a spherical welding electrode or a flat-head welding electrode; preferably, the arc radius of the arc-shaped welding end face of the spherical welding electrode is 20 to 100 mm; preferably, the diameter of the welding end face of the flat-head welding electrode is 4.0 to 8.0 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the second pressure is 2.5-5.0 kN.

[0011] Furthermore, the current of the welding process is 20-35 kA; and / or the time of the welding process is 50-200 ms.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above step S1, the aluminum alloy to be welded is cleaned with an organic solvent, and then a first pressure is applied to the aluminum alloy to be welded; preferably, the organic solvent is alcohol and / or acetone.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the aluminum alloy to be welded is 0.8 to 3.5 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy to be welded is 5182 aluminum alloy or 6016 aluminum alloy.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, which helps to make good contact between the welding electrode and the aluminum alloy to be welded. In step S2, the welding electrode is rotated to make the welding electrode contact and slide with the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, which helps to destroy the coating and oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, thereby helping to reduce the contact resistance between the welding electrode and the aluminum alloy to be welded. In step S3, the pressure of the welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure suitable for welding for welding, and the weld point of the prepared welded aluminum alloy has a larger molten core, which helps to improve the mechanical properties of the welded aluminum alloy. The resistance spot welding method of the present application is free of the defects of spattering, cracks, keyholes and unfused, and the method is simple to operate and has low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A comparison chart of the shear tensile load of the welded aluminum alloy in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0019] As analyzed in the background technology of this application, there are several ways to improve the quality of welds when performing aluminum alloy resistance spot welding: (1) Before welding, the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is polished with sandpaper, cleaned with alcohol or acetone, etc. to remove the oxide film, but the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is very easy to oxidize again after polishing and cleaning, and this process scheme cannot be effectively implemented and applied in industrial production; (2) For example, General Motors designed an electrode cap with a convex shape, which can pierce the oxide film during the welding process, thereby achieving stability in the welding process. This method requires the design of a special electrode cap and a special grinding device, which brings additional costs. At the same time, due to the design of the convex electrode cap, the surface of the weld after welding will have special marks caused by the convex design. The resistance spot welding method of aluminum alloy in the prior art has the problem of difficulty in removing the oxide film of aluminum alloy. In order to solve the above problems, this application provides a resistance spot welding method of aluminum alloy.

[0020] In a typical embodiment of the present application, a resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloy is provided, and the resistance spot welding method comprises the following steps: step S1, applying a first pressure to a portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded using a welding electrode; step S2, while maintaining the first pressure, rotating the welding electrode to destroy an oxide film on the surface of the portion to be welded; step S3, adjusting the pressure of the welding electrode to a second pressure; step S4, under the second pressure, using the welding electrode to weld the aluminum alloy to obtain a welded aluminum alloy.

[0021] In step S1, a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the to-be-welded portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, which helps to make good contact between the welding electrode and the aluminum alloy to be welded. In step S2, the welding electrode is rotated to make the welding electrode contact and slide with the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, which helps to destroy the coating and oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, thereby helping to reduce the contact resistance between the welding electrode and the aluminum alloy to be welded. In step S3, the pressure of the welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure suitable for welding for welding, and the weld point of the prepared welded aluminum alloy has a larger molten core, which helps to improve the mechanical properties of the welded aluminum alloy. The resistance spot welding method of the present application is free of defects such as spattering, cracks, keyholes and unfused, and the method is simple to operate and has low cost.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, the welding electrode is controlled to rotate by a welding robot.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present application, the first pressure is 1.0-3.0 kN.

[0024] If the first pressure is too high, it will easily cause deformation of the aluminum alloy to be welded. If the first pressure is too low, it will not be conducive to the full destruction of the coating and oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy. It is preferred to control the first pressure within the above range, which helps to improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy after welding while preventing the aluminum alloy from deforming.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned rotation is performed along the circumference of the welding electrode; the rotation angle is ≥90°, preferably 90° to 360°; or, the welding electrode is rotated back and forth at a rotation angle of 90° to 180°.

[0026] If the rotation angle is too large, it is easy to cause appearance defects on the aluminum alloy surface. If the rotation angle is too small, it is not conducive to the full destruction of the coating and oxide layer on the aluminum alloy surface. It is preferred to control the rotation angle within the above range, which helps to improve the mechanical properties of the welded aluminum alloy while maintaining the surface quality of the aluminum alloy. The welding electrode can also be rotated back and forth at a small angle according to the rotation angle to destroy the coating and oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded. The number of rotations is preferably 2 to 4 times.

[0027] In order to further improve the mechanical properties of welded aluminum alloy, in one embodiment of the present application, the material of the welding electrode is preferably copper or copper alloy; the copper alloy is preferably aluminum oxide copper alloy or chromium zirconium copper alloy.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned welding electrode is a spherical welding electrode or a flat-head welding electrode; preferably, the arc radius of the arc-shaped welding end face of the spherical welding electrode is 20 to 100 mm; preferably, the diameter of the welding end face of the flat-head welding electrode is 4.0 to 8.0 mm.

[0029] It is preferred to control the arc radius of the arc welding end face of the spherical welding electrode and the diameter of the welding end face of the flat welding electrode within the above range, which helps to ensure that the welding end face is in full contact with the aluminum alloy to be welded, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of destroying the coating and oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, the second pressure is 2.5-5.0 kN.

[0031] If the second pressure is too small, it will be unfavorable for the formation of a larger molten core. If the second pressure is too large, it will easily cause deformation at the weld point, which is not conducive to improving the mechanical properties of the weld point. It is preferred to control the second pressure within the above range, which will help improve the efficiency of resistance spot welding and increase the shear tensile load at the weld point.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present application, the current of the above-mentioned welding process is 20-35 kA; and / or the time of the welding process is 50-200 ms.

[0033] If the welding current is too large or the welding time is too long, over-melting may occur at the weld. If the welding current is too small or the welding time is too short, the size of the molten core may be too small. It is preferred to control the welding current and the welding time within the above range to help form a molten core of appropriate size, thereby helping to improve the mechanical properties of the welded aluminum alloy.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, in the above step S1, the aluminum alloy to be welded is cleaned with an organic solvent, and then a first pressure is applied to the aluminum alloy to be welded; preferably, the organic solvent is alcohol and / or acetone.

[0035] Using organic solvents to pre-treat the aluminum alloy to be welded can help remove grease and dirt on the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, thereby helping to improve the mechanical properties of the welded aluminum alloy.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the aluminum alloy to be welded is 0.8-3.5 mm.

[0037] The resistance spot welding method of the present application can process aluminum alloys with a wide thickness range, and in particular, can form a larger molten core for aluminum alloys to be welded within the above-mentioned thickness range.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, the aluminum alloy to be welded is 5182 aluminum alloy or 6016 aluminum alloy.

[0039] The resistance spot welding method of the present application can be used to weld aluminum alloys of different types, and in particular, exhibits excellent welding performance for the above-mentioned types of aluminum alloys.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present application will be further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0041] Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 7

[0042] The surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded is cleaned with alcohol; a first pressure is applied to the welding position of the aluminum alloy to be welded with a welding electrode, and the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumference of the welding electrode while the first pressure is applied. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the second pressure is 2.5 kN, the welding current is 20 kA, and the welding time is 200 ms. The model of the aluminum alloy, the thickness of the aluminum alloy, the first pressure, the rotation angle, the welding electrode material, the shape and size of the welding electrode are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Example 8

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the first pressure is 1.0 kN, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0048] Example 9

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the first pressure is 3.0 kN, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0050] Example 10

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the first pressure is 0.5 kN, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0052] Embodiment 11

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the rotation angle is 360°, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0054] Example 12

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the rotation angle is 70°, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0056] Embodiment 13

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the arc radius is 20 mm, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0058] Embodiment 14

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the arc radius is 10 mm, and finally a welded aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0060] Embodiment 15

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the second pressure is 5.0 kN, the welding current is 35 kA, and the welding time is 50 ms, to finally obtain a welded aluminum alloy.

[0062] Example 16

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded; a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the welding portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and while maintaining the first pressure, the welding electrode is controlled by a welding robot to rotate along the circumferential direction of the welding electrode. After the rotation of the welding electrode is completed, the pressure of the rotated welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure. Under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes for welding to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the second pressure is 2.3 kN, the welding current is 18 kA, and the welding time is 250 ms, to finally obtain a welded aluminum alloy.

[0064] Comparative Example 8

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that alcohol is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, and sandpaper is used to grind the welding position; a second pressure is applied to the aluminum alloy to be welded using a welding electrode, and under the second pressure, a welding current is applied between the welding electrodes to weld to obtain a welded aluminum alloy, wherein the second pressure is 2.5 kN, the welding current is 20 kA, and the welding time is 200 ms.

[0066] Performance Testing

[0067] The shear tensile load of the weld was measured using a static tensile device at a tensile rate of 10 mm / min.

[0068] The welded aluminum alloys prepared in the examples and comparative examples were measured for the nugget diameter and the shear tensile peak load of the weld. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] In Table 1, the reason why there are large differences between the nugget diameter and the peak shear tensile load of the weld in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 is that the type and thickness of the aluminum alloy have a greater influence on the nugget diameter and the peak shear tensile load of the weld. The difference between Example 1, Example 8, Example 9 and Example 10 is that the magnitude of the first pressure is different. From the results of the data, it can be seen that a too small first pressure is not conducive to the improvement of the nugget diameter and the peak shear tensile load of the weld. The difference between Example 1, Example 11 and Example 12 is that the angle of rotation is different. From the results of the data, it can be seen that a too small angle of rotation is not conducive to the improvement of the nugget diameter and the peak shear tensile load of the weld. The difference between Example 1, Example 13 and Example 14 is that the arc radius is different. From the results of the data, it can be seen that a too small arc radius is not conducive to the improvement of the nugget diameter and the peak shear tensile load of the weld. The difference between Example 1, Example 15 and Example 16 is that the second pressure, welding current and welding time are different. From the data results, it can be seen that too small a second pressure, too small a welding current and too long a welding time are not conducive to the improvement of the nugget diameter and the shear tensile peak load of the weld. The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is whether the welding electrode is rotated. From the data results, it can be seen that rotating the welding electrode at a suitable angle is helpful to improve the nugget diameter and the shear tensile peak load of the weld.

[0073] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the shear tensile load of the welded aluminum alloy in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application. Figure 1 It can be seen that the peak shear tensile load of the weld point in Example 1 is 1373N, and the peak shear tensile load of the weld point in Comparative Example 1 is 1132N.

[0074] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0075] In step S1, a welding electrode is used to apply a first pressure to the to-be-welded portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded, which helps to make good contact between the welding electrode and the aluminum alloy to be welded. In step S2, the welding electrode is rotated to make the welding electrode contact and slide with the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, which helps to destroy the coating and oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy to be welded, thereby helping to reduce the contact resistance between the welding electrode and the aluminum alloy to be welded. In step S3, the pressure of the welding electrode is adjusted to a second pressure suitable for welding for welding, and the weld point of the prepared welded aluminum alloy has a larger molten core, which helps to improve the mechanical properties of the welded aluminum alloy. The resistance spot welding method of the present application is free of defects such as spattering, cracks, keyholes and unfused, and the method is simple to operate and has low cost.

[0076] The above are only embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A resistance spot welding method for aluminum alloy, characterized in that: The resistance spot welding method comprises the following steps: Step S1, applying a first pressure to a portion of the aluminum alloy to be welded by using a welding electrode; Step S2, while maintaining the first pressure, rotating the welding electrode to destroy the oxide film on the surface of the to-be-welded portion; Step S3, adjusting the pressure of the welding electrode to a second pressure; Step S4: Under the second pressure, the aluminum alloy to be welded is welded by using the welding electrode to obtain a welded aluminum alloy.

2. The resistance spot welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure is 1.0-3.0 kN.

3. The resistance spot welding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rotation is performed along the circumference of the welding electrode; the rotation angle is ≥90°, preferably 90° to 360°; or, the welding electrode is rotated back and forth at a rotation angle of 90° to 180°.

4. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The material of the welding electrode is copper or a copper alloy; preferably, the copper alloy is an aluminum oxide copper alloy or a chromium zirconium copper alloy.

5. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The welding electrode is a spherical welding electrode or a flat-head welding electrode; preferably, the arc radius of the arc-shaped welding end face of the spherical welding electrode is 20-100 mm; preferably, the diameter of the welding end face of the flat-head welding electrode is 4.0-8.0 mm.

6. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second pressure is 2.5-5.0 kN.

7. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The current of the welding process is 20-35 kA; and / or the time of the welding process is 50-200 ms.

8. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In the step S1, the aluminum alloy to be welded is cleaned with an organic solvent, and then a first pressure is applied to the aluminum alloy to be welded; preferably, the organic solvent is alcohol and / or acetone.

9. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the aluminum alloy to be welded is 0.8-3.5 mm.

10. The resistance spot welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy to be welded is 5182 aluminum alloy or 6016 aluminum alloy.

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