Photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of photovoltaic glass with a light trapping effect and a lotus leaf effect, which comprises the following steps: calendering molten glass by using a calender with a micro-nano structure template to obtain glass with a micro-nano structure glass surface, treating the glass, and coating the micro-nano structure glass surface of the glass to obtain the photovoltaic glass with the light trapping effect and the lotus leaf effect. The photovoltaic glass with the light trapping effect and the lotus leaf effect is obtained. The invention provides photovoltaic glass with a light trapping effect and a lotus leaf effect, which is prepared by adopting a preparation method. According to the preparation method of the photovoltaic glass with the light trapping effect and the lotus leaf effect and the photovoltaic glass with the light trapping effect and the lotus leaf effect, the micro-nano structure can be obtained by improving an original calendering process of the photovoltaic glass, procedures are not increased, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial application of large-scale production. A hydrophobic material is introduced in the coating process, and the super-hydrophobic self-cleaning effect of the surface of the micro-nano structure can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic glass, and in particular to photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the use of thin-film solar cell panels, the reflection and transmission of light on the surface of the flat glass reduces the absorption rate of sunlight, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency of solar cells. The light trapping effect refers to the change of the transmission path of light in the battery by preparing micro-nano structures on the surface of the glass, increasing the photon energy absorbed by the battery. The use of micro-nano structures in different interfaces of solar cells can increase the absorption of light by the battery to varying degrees, and ultimately improve the efficiency of solar cells. The processes currently proposed for preparing micro-nano structures mostly use photolithography, chemical etching, etc., but there are problems such as high cost and environmental pollution. The traditional photovoltaic glass production process is raw material mixing, melting, rolling, annealing, tempering, coating, etc. On this basis, adding additional photolithography and chemical etching processes will undoubtedly increase labor and equipment costs and cannot be effectively applied in industrialization. At the same time, since solar cells are usually exposed to the outdoors, dust or other impurities will inevitably accumulate, reducing the effective working area of ​​the solar cell. The current solution is to perform manual cleaning regularly or add cleaning devices, which will also increase labor costs and equipment costs. Studies have shown that the micro-nano structure morphology with the self-cleaning effect of the lotus leaf surface can effectively prevent dust in the atmosphere and various bacteria and fungi from invading the surface. The glass made by drawing inspiration from the lotus leaf effect also has self-cleaning capabilities and can remain clean and transparent for a long time.

[0003] CN 113199683 A discloses a micro-nano structure and preparation method for improving the light energy capture on the surface of solar cells. The PDMS main glue and the solid agent are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of (10:1), and vacuum treatment is performed in a vacuum drying oven. The PDMS mixed glue after air removal is poured on the prepared glass template of the pit array structure, and vacuum treatment is performed again in the vacuum drying oven. The PDMS sol and the structural glass mixture are heated at a temperature of 70 degrees for not less than 4 hours to completely solidify the PDMS sol. The prior art discloses that the PDMS mixed glue is poured on the glass template of the pit array structure, and the vacuum treatment is then performed and then heated. However, the prior art forms the pit array structure on the surface of the solar-grade glass substrate by combining the micromachining process with HF etching and dry etching, and the process is complicated and costly.

[0004] Based on this, there is room for improvement in the process of improving the surface of photovoltaic glass. Summary of the invention

[0005] A technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to overcome the problems of high cost of photolithography, environmental pollution of chemical etching and increased process steps.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, comprising: using a calender with a micro-nano structure template to calender the glass liquid to obtain glass with a micro-nano structure glass surface, and after processing the glass, coating the micro-nano structure glass surface of the glass to obtain photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

[0007] In some embodiments, a method for preparing photovoltaic glass having light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix and melt photovoltaic glass raw materials to obtain glass liquid; Step 2: After the glass liquid is cooled to a certain temperature, the glass liquid is rolled using a rolling machine with a micro-nano structure template to obtain glass with a micro-nano structure glass surface; Step 3, performing a treatment including tempering on the glass having the micro-nano structured glass surface; Step 4: coating the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass to obtain photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

[0008] In some embodiments, in step 2, a calender having a micro-nano structure template includes a first calendering roller, a second calendering roller and a micro-nano structure template, the first calendering roller and the second calendering roller are aligned in a vertical direction and the first calendering roller is located above the second calendering roller, the axis of the first calendering roller is parallel to the axis of the second calendering roller, and the micro-nano structure template is disposed on the first calendering roller and rotates with the first calendering roller.

[0009] In some embodiments, the micro-nano structure template is arranged on the outer surface of the first calendering roller around the axis of the first calendering roller, and the length of the micro-nano structure template along the axis of the first calendering roller is greater than or equal to the length of the axis of the first calendering roller.

[0010] In some embodiments, the micro-nano structure template is disposed on the first calendering roller by sleeve- ing the micro-nano structure template on the first calendering roller and fixedly connecting the micro-nano structure template to the first calendering roller.

[0011] In some embodiments, the micro-nanostructure template is a stainless steel mesh.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step 3, processing the glass having the micro-nano structured glass surface includes performing annealing, grinding, cleaning and tempering on the glass having the micro-nano structured glass surface.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step 4, coating the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass includes: coating a hydrophobic material on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass.

[0014] In some embodiments, coating the hydrophobic material on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass includes: spin coating the hydrophobic material on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass using a spin coating process, and curing the glass coated with the hydrophobic material.

[0015] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic glass having light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0016] Through the above technical scheme, the preparation method of photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect and photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect provided by the present disclosure introduces a micro-nano structure with light trapping effect on the surface of photovoltaic glass to increase light absorption, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells. The micro-nano structure can be obtained by improving the original calendering process of photovoltaic glass without adding steps, which is suitable for large-scale industrial applications. The introduction of hydrophobic materials in the coating process can achieve a super-hydrophobic self-cleaning effect on the surface of the micro-nano structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a calender having a micro-nano structure template used in the method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the micro-nano structure template of the calender disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Glass liquid; 2. First calendering roller; 3. Micro-nano structure template; 4. Second calendering roller; 5. Glass with micro-nano structure glass surface; 6. Hydrophobic material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

[0021] The present disclosure provides these embodiments to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] In addition, the words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" does not mean vertical in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements.

[0024] It should also be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0025] All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, for example, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0026] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, comprising: using a calender with a micro-nano structure template 3 to calender a glass liquid 1 to obtain a glass 5 with a micro-nano structure glass surface, and after processing the glass 5, coating the micro-nano structure glass surface of the glass 5 to obtain a photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect disclosed in the present invention improves the calendering and coating process of the original photovoltaic glass, and obtains glass 5 with a micro-nanostructure glass surface with light trapping effect by calendering, and coats the surface of the micro-nanostructure glass so that the surface of the micro-nanostructure glass has a super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning lotus leaf effect, thereby overcoming the technical problems of high cost of photolithography, environmental pollution of chemical etching method and increase of process steps, and is suitable for industrial application.

[0029] The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix and melt photovoltaic glass raw materials to obtain glass liquid 1; Step 2: After the glass liquid 1 is cooled to a certain temperature, the glass liquid 1 is rolled using a rolling machine with a micro-nano structure template 3 to obtain a glass 5 with a micro-nano structure glass surface; Step 3, performing a treatment including tempering on the glass 5 having the micro-nano structured glass surface; Step 4: coating the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass 5 to obtain photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

[0030] In some embodiments, in step 2, cooling the molten glass 1 to a certain temperature means cooling the molten glass 1 to a temperature suitable for rolling. This design ensures that the molten glass 1 has good fluidity and sufficient viscosity during rolling, thereby obtaining a smooth and uniform glass 5.

[0031] In some embodiments, in step 2, the calender having the micro-nano structure template 3 includes a first calendering roller 2, a second calendering roller 4 and the micro-nano structure template 3, the first calendering roller 2 and the second calendering roller 4 are aligned in the vertical direction and the first calendering roller 2 is located above the second calendering roller 4, the axis of the first calendering roller 2 is parallel to the axis of the second calendering roller 4, and the micro-nano structure template 3 is disposed on the first calendering roller 2 and rotates with the first calendering roller 2, such as Figure 2 This design ensures that the glass surface facing the first calendering roller 2 of the calender is acted upon by the micro-nano structure template 3 .

[0032] In some embodiments, the micro-nano structure template 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the first calendering roller 2 around the axis of the first calendering roller 2, and the length of the micro-nano structure template 3 along the axis direction of the first calendering roller 2 is greater than or equal to the length of the axis direction of the first calendering roller 2. This design ensures that the surface of the glass 5 in contact with the micro-nano structure template 3 has a shape complementary to the surface of the micro-nano structure template 3.

[0033] In some embodiments, there is a gap between the micro-nano structure template 3 on the first calendering roller 2 and the second calendering roller 4, and the glass liquid 1 passes through the gap and contacts the outer surface of the micro-nano structure template 3 and the outer surface of the second calendering roller 4 respectively. The glass liquid 1 passing through is rolled and formed by the micro-nano structure template 3 and the second calendering roller 4. This design ensures that the thickness and surface morphology of the formed glass 5 are controlled by the micro-nano structure template 3 on the first calendering roller 2 and the second calendering roller 4.

[0034] In some embodiments, the micro-nano structure template 3 is set on the first calendering roller 2 by sleeved on the first calendering roller 2 and fixedly connected to the first calendering roller 2. This facilitates the calendering machine to quickly replace templates of different shapes and sizes to produce micro-nano structure glass surfaces of different shapes and sizes.

[0035] In some embodiments, clamps are used at both ends of the first calendering roller 2 to tension and fix the micro-nano structure template 3 , thereby fixing the micro-nano structure template 3 to the first calendering roller 2 .

[0036] In some embodiments, the micro-nano structure template 3 is a detachable cylindrical micro-nano structure template or a detachable flexible micro-nano structure template.

[0037] In some embodiments, the micro-nanostructure template 3 is a stainless steel mesh.

[0038] In some embodiments, the micro-nano structure template 3 is a 3000 mesh stainless steel screen, which is woven from stainless steel wires of about 15 microns and has a nanoscale pore structure. Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3, 3000 mesh stainless steel screen can be used as a good template for micro-nano structures.

[0039] In some embodiments, in step 3, the processing of the glass 5 having the micro-nano structured glass surface includes annealing, grinding, cleaning and tempering the glass 5 having the micro-nano structured glass surface.

[0040] In some embodiments, in step 4, coating the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass 5 includes: coating the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass 5 with a hydrophobic material 6. The hydrophobic material 6 enables the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the glass 5 to have a super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning lotus leaf effect.

[0041] In some embodiments, coating the hydrophobic material 6 on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass 5 includes: spin coating the hydrophobic material 6 on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass 5 using a spin coating process, and curing the glass 5 coated with the hydrophobic material 6.

[0042] In some embodiments, the curing process may be performed by heating or by standing.

[0043] In some embodiments, curing by heating includes vacuuming the glass 5 coated with the hydrophobic material 6 to remove bubbles, and then heating or irradiating the glass 5 to a first temperature and curing the glass for a first time.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 110° C. to 130° C., and the first time is 50 minutes to 70 minutes.

[0045] In some embodiments, the curing treatment by standing still includes vacuuming the glass 5 coated with the hydrophobic material 6 to remove bubbles, and then standing still at room temperature for a second period of time.

[0046] In some embodiments, the second time is 23 hours to 25 hours.

[0047] In some embodiments, the hydrophobic material 6 is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The polydimethylsiloxane uses commercially available Dow Corning Sylgard 184 PDMS (Dow Corning DC184 for short), which includes a silicon polymer and a crosslinking agent, and the silicon polymer and the crosslinking agent are mixed at a weight ratio of 8:1 to 10:1 to obtain polydimethylsiloxane. The micro-nanostructure surface of polydimethylsiloxane has been effectively proven to have a lotus leaf effect.

[0048] The present disclosure provides a photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, which is prepared by adopting a method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

[0049] The principle of the light trapping effect is to utilize the phenomena of refraction, reflection, scattering and interference of light between micro-nano structures to change the propagation path of light on the surface of the solar cell, increase the residence time of light inside the solar cell, and thus improve the light absorption rate.

[0050] The principle of the lotus effect is to use the extremely low surface tension and surface energy of the micro-nano structure surface of the hydrophobic material to achieve a super-hydrophobic effect (contact angle > 150°). Therefore, water droplets and small particles of impurities are not easy to adhere to the micro-nano structure surface of the hydrophobic material. At the same time, water droplets can roll off and take away surface impurities to achieve a self-cleaning function.

[0051] Photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect is prepared by using a preparation method of photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Firstly, a material recipe of photovoltaic glass soda-lime-silicon ultra-white glass is selected, and the raw materials of the soda-lime-silicon ultra-white glass are mixed and melted to obtain glass liquid 1; Secondly, after the glass liquid 1 is cooled to 1000°C to 1100°C, the glass liquid 1 is rolled using a rolling machine with a micro-nano structure template 3 to obtain a glass 5 with a micro-nano structure glass surface. When the glass liquid 1 is cooled to 1000°C to 1100°C, the viscosity of the glass liquid 1 is controlled at 10 3 dPa•s~10 6.6 dPa•s. The micro-nano structure template 3 is a 3000 mesh stainless steel screen, which is woven from stainless steel wires of about 15 microns and has a nano-scale pore structure; Secondly, the rolled glass 5 with the micro-nano structure glass surface is subjected to annealing, edge grinding, cleaning and tempering treatments; Finally, the hydrophobic material 6 polydimethylsiloxane is spin-coated on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass 5 by a spin coating process, and the glass 5 coated with the hydrophobic material 6 polydimethylsiloxane is vacuumed to remove bubbles, and then heated to 120°C and cured for 60 minutes to obtain a photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect. The hydrophobic material 6 polydimethylsiloxane is a polydimethylsiloxane obtained by mixing the commercially available Dow Corning DC184 including a silicon polymer and a cross-linking agent at a weight ratio of 10:1.

[0052] The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect disclosed in the present invention prepares photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect. The micro-nano structured glass surface of glass 5 changes the propagation path of light on the surface of solar cells, increases the residence time of light inside solar cells, and thus improves light absorption rate. The surface of the micro-nano structured glass with hydrophobic material 6 has extremely low surface tension and surface energy, thereby achieving a super-hydrophobic effect. Water droplets and small particle impurities are not easy to adhere to its surface. At the same time, water droplets can roll off and take away surface impurities to achieve a self-cleaning function.

[0053] So far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0054] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict.

Claims

1. A method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, characterized in that: include: A calender with a micro-nano structure template is used to calender glass liquid to obtain glass with a micro-nano structure glass surface. After the glass is treated, a film is coated on the micro-nano structure glass surface to obtain photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

2. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Mix and melt photovoltaic glass raw materials to obtain glass liquid; Step 2, after the glass liquid is cooled to a certain temperature, the glass liquid is rolled using the rolling machine with the micro-nano structure template to obtain glass with a micro-nano structure glass surface; Step 3, performing a treatment including tempering on the glass having the micro-nano structured glass surface; Step 4: coating the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass to obtain photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect.

3. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the calender with a micro-nano structure template includes a first calender roller, a second calender roller and a micro-nano structure template, the first calender roller and the second calender roller are aligned in a vertical direction and the first calender roller is located above the second calender roller, the axis of the first calender roller is parallel to the axis of the second calender roller, and the micro-nano structure template is arranged on the first calender roller and rotates with the first calender roller.

4. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The micro-nano structure template is arranged on the outer surface of the first calendering roller around the axis of the first calendering roller, and the length of the micro-nano structure template along the axis direction of the first calendering roller is greater than or equal to the length of the axis direction of the first calendering roller.

5. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The micro-nano structure template is set on the first calendering roller by sleeve- ing the micro-nano structure template on the first calendering roller and fixedly connected to the first calendering roller.

6. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The micro-nano structure template is a stainless steel screen.

7. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 3, the processing of the glass having the micro-nano structured glass surface includes annealing, grinding, cleaning and tempering the glass having the micro-nano structured glass surface.

8. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 4, coating the micro-nano structured glass surface of the tempered glass includes: coating a hydrophobic material on the micro-nano structured glass surface of the tempered glass.

9. The method for preparing photovoltaic glass with light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of coating the hydrophobic material on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass comprises: spin coating the hydrophobic material on the micro-nanostructured glass surface of the tempered glass by a spin coating process, and curing the glass coated with the hydrophobic material.

10. A photovoltaic glass having light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect, prepared by the method for preparing photovoltaic glass having light trapping effect and lotus leaf effect as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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