Air pathogen, biological and chemical component enrichment detection system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological detection and freeze-drying application, in particular to an air pathogen, biological and chemical component enrichment detection system. The detection system comprises a sample enrichment device, an inactivation cracking device and a detection device. An enrichment device of the sample enrichment device is used for attaching a pathogen sample in the air to the hydrophobic breathable film. And the inactivation detection device is used for inactivating and cracking pathogens on the hydrophobic breathable film in the lysate reagent tube. And the detection device is used for detecting the content of pathogens in the lysis solution reagent tube after the lysis is completed. According to the invention, the enricher can be flexibly installed and can be dispersedly installed at a specific position, so that the collected sample is more representative and can reflect the pathogen distribution condition of a space environment; meanwhile, the enrichment cap is disposable, no pollution risk exists in the operation process, and biosafety and cross contamination risks can be effectively shielded through inactivation splitting decomposition and shell disinfection. Therefore, the method has the effects of simplicity in operation, high efficiency and accuracy in the process of detecting air pathogens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental biochemical component detection and the application field of freeze-drying technology, and specifically to an enrichment detection system for air pathogens, biological and chemical components. Background Art

[0002] The collection and detection of pathogens in the air is of great significance for biosafety. For example, in the breeding industry, if poultry and livestock are infected and cannot be detected in time, it may cause a large-scale plague in the entire farm, such as swine fever or chicken plague. This will not only cause significant economic losses to breeding companies or individuals, but may also cause cross-infection and affect people's health. For example, in the prevention and control of infectious diseases, in places with dense personnel flow such as railway stations, airports, theaters, hospitals, etc., there is a large flow of people and complex personnel. If the pathogens and biochemical components in the air can be detected, the flow of people can be controlled in time and the environment can be adjusted, which can greatly reduce the probability of the spread of infectious diseases.

[0003] The detection methods of the existing technology are relatively complicated and not fast enough. At the same time, the existing technology can only detect pathogens, and other components that reflect some diseases are not detected, so the accuracy of disease detection is low. Therefore, designing a fast detection system and method has become an urgent requirement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to detect air pathogens and biochemical components in the environment.

[0005] The technical solution to the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: an air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system, comprising a sample enrichment device, an inactivation lysis device and a detection device; using a lysis reagent tube, an enrichment cap, a detection cap and a gas collecting bottle; the sample enrichment device comprises a pathogen enricher, a gas enricher and an air pump connected in series through pipelines; the pathogen enricher is equipped with an enrichment cap for attaching pathogen samples in the air to the enrichment cap; the gas enricher is provided with a refrigeration module, and the gas collecting bottle is plugged into the cold space of the gas enricher to adsorb volatile gases; after the sample enrichment is completed by driving the gas flow through the air pump: the enrichment cap is combined with the lysis reagent tube and inactivated and lysed in the inactivation lysis device, and then the pathogen detection reagent is used for detection in the detection device; the solution in the gas enricher is detected in the detection device using the gas detection reagent.

[0006] Preferably, the lysate reagent tube, the detection cap, the enrichment cap and the adsorption reagent are encapsulated in a blister plate; the gas collecting bottle is provided with a cover body, and the cover body is provided with a one-way air inlet pipe extending inwardly into the adsorption reagent solution; the cover body is also provided with a one-way air outlet pipe connecting the inside and outside of the bottle body;

[0007] The enrichment cap is cylindrical and has a hydrophobic breathable membrane in the middle; the detection cap is cylindrical and has a central detection module in the middle, and a reaction chamber for placing freeze-dried reagent balls is provided in the detection module. The gas outlet pipe of the gas collecting bottle is connected to the gas collecting bottle through a plug to introduce the solution of adsorbed gas into the detection module.

[0008] Preferably, the lysis solution reagent tube, enrichment cap and adsorption reagent are encapsulated in a blister plate; the blister plate also encapsulates a detection module for combination with the enrichment cap, the enrichment cap is cylindrical and has a hydrophobic breathable membrane in the middle, and a detection through hole is provided on the upper side wall of the enrichment cap; the detection module is provided with a reaction chamber for placing freeze-dried reagent balls; the gas collecting bottle is provided with a cover body, and the cover body is provided with a one-way air inlet pipe extending inwardly into the adsorption reagent solution; the cover body is also provided with a one-way air outlet pipe connecting the inside and outside of the bottle body.

[0009] Preferably, the gas enricher comprises a shell, a refrigeration module is arranged inside the shell, a temperature control module is arranged on the surface of the shell, and a gas collecting bottle slot is arranged on the upper part of the shell; the gas collecting bottle is plugged into the gas collecting bottle slot.

[0010] Preferably, the pathogen enricher comprises an air intake hood, a compression hood and a sealing hood, wherein the sealing hood is provided with an air outlet for connecting an air pump or a gas enricher; a protective net is provided at one end of the air intake hood, and the other end is connected to the sealing hood to form a cylinder; the compression hood is funnel-shaped with the large mouth facing the air intake hood, and an enrichment cap interface is provided at the small mouth end of the compression hood for installing the enrichment cap, and the compression hood is arranged between the air intake hood and the sealing hood.

[0011] More preferably, the compression cover and the air intake cover are integrally formed.

[0012] Preferably, the inactivation and lysis device comprises a shell, a cover body arranged on the upper part of the shell, a power module and a control module are arranged inside the shell, a heating plate is arranged on the upper part of the shell, and a heating boss for inserting an enrichment cap is arranged on the upper part of the heating plate.

[0013] Preferably, an ultraviolet lamp is disposed on the top of the interior of the cover.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the enrichment cap, and a positioning pin is provided on the detection module, and the installation position of the detection module is calibrated by inserting the positioning pin into the positioning groove.

[0015] A method for enriching and detecting air biochemical components comprises the following steps: 1. assembling an enrichment cap on an enrichment cap interface of a pathogen enricher; 2. connecting the pathogen enricher to an air inlet of an air pump, connecting an air inlet pipe of a gas collecting bottle to an air outlet of the air pump, and then deploying the enrichment cap in an environment to be detected to collect samples; 3. after sampling, removing the enrichment cap and connecting it with a lysing liquid reagent tube to form a lysing assembly, which is then placed in an inactivation lysing device for inactivation and lysing; 4. disassembling the lysing assembly, connecting the lysing liquid reagent tube to a detection cap for detecting pathogens to form a detection assembly; or disassembling the lysing assembly, combining a detection module for detecting pathogens with the disassembled enrichment cap and then with the lysing reagent tube to form a detection assembly; connecting a detection cap for detecting gas components to an air outlet of the gas collecting bottle, and then inverting the gas collecting bottle to inject an adsorption solution in the gas collecting bottle into the detection cap; and 5. placing the detection assembly and the detection cap injected with the adsorption solution into a detection device for detection.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] Sample collection is efficient and accurate. The pathogen enricher can be installed flexibly and can be dispersedly installed in specific locations. The collected samples are more representative and can better reflect the distribution of pathogens in the spatial environment. The gas enricher is equipped with a refrigeration module. For volatile gases, the collection efficiency is higher because they are collected in a low-temperature environment.

[0018] The enrichment cap is disposable, and there is no risk of contamination during the operation. It can effectively shield biosafety and cross-contamination risks through inactivation, lysis and shell disinfection. In addition, the enrichment cap can be combined with the hydrophobic breathable module and the detection module. One enrichment cap can be used for one test, which reduces the detection cost.

[0019] The operation is simple and the detection efficiency is high. The enrichment cap and the detection cap can be easily removed, replaced, cleaned and disinfected. During the detection process, only the enrichment cap and the detection cap need to be simply replaced without complicated operations, which can improve the detection efficiency. Especially for on-site detection in the city, the detection can be achieved without sending the test samples to the laboratory.

[0020] The system is split-type design, which is convenient for maintenance. The lysis solution reagent tube and the inactivation lysis device are split-type design, which is convenient for direct disinfection and maintenance. The above instruments can be loaded in one box, which is easy to carry and convenient for on-site operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a sample collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an enricher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an enricher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an enrichment cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an inactivation and lysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an inactivation and lysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of an enrichment cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a sample enrichment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of a gas collecting bottle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 The figure is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a detection cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the internal components of a detection cap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 110, pathogen enricher; 130, gas enricher; 120, air pump; 210, lysis reagent tube; 111, air inlet cover; 112, compression cover; 113, sealing cover; 220, enrichment cap; 230, detection cap; 131, shell; 132, gas collection bottle slot; 250, gas collection bottle; 240, detection module; 310, shell; 320, cover; 221, hydrophobic breathable membrane; 251, air inlet pipe interface; 252, air inlet pipe; 253, connecting conduit; 222, first gasket; 226, detection through hole; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the implementation methods of the present invention are further explained in detail below.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] The air pathogen, biological and chemical component enrichment detection system includes a sample enrichment device, an inactivation lysis device and a detection device, and uses the following consumables: a lysis reagent tube 210, an enrichment cap 220, a detection cap 230, a gas collection bottle 250 and an adsorption reagent. The above-mentioned lysis reagent tube 210, the enrichment cap 220, the detection cap 230 and the adsorption reagent can be packaged in a blister plate, or they can be packaged in a blister plate separately. A lysis solution is provided in the lysis reagent tube 210. A hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 is provided in the enrichment cap 220. When air flows through the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221, pathogens in the air will adhere to the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221, and other gases can pass through the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221, thereby realizing the collection of pathogens. The gas collection bottle 250 and the adsorption reagent can adsorb the gas to be detected, and then the adsorption reagent is detected to determine whether there is a gas to be detected, and then the presence or absence of the gas to be detected can be determined to determine whether certain diseases exist.

[0038] When collecting and testing ambient air samples:

[0039] First, the enrichment cap 220 is taken out and installed in the pathogen enricher 110 , and the gas collecting bottle 250 is removed, an adsorption reagent is added, and installed in the gas enricher 130 .

[0040] Then, the pathogen enricher 110, the air pump 120, and the gas enricher 130 are connected through pipelines to form a sample enrichment device, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the sample enrichment device is placed in the detection environment, and the air pump 120 is started to collect the sample. When only pathogens or volatile gases need to be detected, only the pathogen enricher 110 or the gas enricher 130 can be connected to the air pump 120, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention can be used flexibly.

[0041] Afterwards, the collected pathogen samples are extinguished and cracked and then placed in a detection device for detection, and the collected gas samples can be directly detected.

[0042] The above detection method is described in detail below in conjunction with specific results.

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig. 9 As shown, the sample enrichment device includes an air pump 120, a pathogen enricher 110 and a gas enricher 130, or the air pump 120 alone is composed of the pathogen enricher 110 or the gas enricher 130. The pathogen enricher 110 and the air pump 120 can be integrated or separated.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the pathogen enricher 110 and the air pump 120 are separately arranged, and the pathogen enricher 110 is connected to the air pump 120 through a conduit. The air pump 120 can be provided with multiple air inlet interfaces for connecting multiple pathogen enrichers 110. When detecting pathogens in the environment, multiple can be set in the space environment, thereby achieving the effect of improving the detection accuracy. At the same time, by collecting pathogens through multiple pathogen enrichers 110, more detection modules 240 can be matched, and as many pathogens as possible contained in the space environment can be detected.

[0045] like Fig. 9 As shown, the air inlet of the air pump 120 is connected to the pathogen enricher 110, and the air outlet is connected to the gas enricher 130, which can realize the detection of both pathogens and air gas components. The air pump 120 serves as a driving component to circulate gas in the sample enrichment device.

[0046] The pathogen enricher 110 includes an air intake cover 111, a compression cover 112 and a sealing cover 113, wherein the sealing cover 113 is provided with an air outlet for connecting an air pump 120. The external part of the pathogen enricher 110 is cylindrical in shape, and is composed of an air intake cover 111 and a sealing cover 113 that are screwed together. A grid is provided at the end of the air intake cover 111 to block debris. The sealing cover 113 is a sealing body that is only provided with an air outlet. The compression cover 112 is trumpet-shaped, wherein the large mouth end is squeezed between the air intake cover 111 and the sealing cover 113 to achieve fixation, and the small mouth end is provided with a thread for connecting the enrichment cap 220. In this embodiment, a clamping boss is provided on the inner side of the end of the sealing cover 113, and correspondingly, an extrusion boss is provided on the inner side of the end of the air intake cover 111, and the edge of the large opening end of the compression cover 112 is squeezed between the air intake cover 111 and the sealing cover 113. More preferably, in order to achieve better sealing, a second gasket is provided between the compression cover 112 and the sealing cover 113. In addition, the compression cover 112 can also be integrally formed with the air intake cover 111.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, wherein the enrichment cap 220 is tubular, is provided with an internal thread to be screwed and connected with the lysate reagent tube 210 and the compression cover 112. The lysate reagent tube 210 is in a sealed state in the initial state, and its upper part can be provided with a cover body seal and can also be sealed by aluminum foil or plastic sealing. The upper end of the lysate reagent tube 210 is provided with an external thread that matches the enrichment cap 220, and matches the thread of the enrichment cap interface of the compression cover 112 at the same time. In addition to the mode of adopting screw connection, it can also be connected by a card connection or a plug-in mode.

[0048] The inside of the enrichment cap 220 is provided with a hollow baffle 223, and a hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 is provided on the upper part of the hollow baffle 223. Better, in order to provide a better sealing effect and enrich more samples on the upper part of the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221, a first gasket 222 is provided between the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 and the hollow baffle 223. At this time, the hollow baffle is a baffle with a large through hole in the middle, and small through holes are provided on the periphery of the large through hole, so as to achieve the technical effect of saving materials. Or the middle part of the tube is provided with a snap ring. When connected to the compression cover 112 by a screw connection, the end of the compression cover 112 squeezes the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 and the first gasket 222 inwardly to make the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 more stable, and at the same time, the airflow flows through the middle of the first gasket 222, so that more samples can be collected. Better, in order to facilitate taking and installation, a toggle plate is provided on the outside of the enrichment cap 220.

[0049] After the enrichment cap 220 is connected to the enrichment cap interface in the pathogen enricher 110, the pathogen sample can be collected by starting the air pump 120. Under the action of the air pump 120, the ambient gas enters from the grid of the air inlet cover 111, passes through the continuously shrinking inner diameter of the compression cover 112, and the external air finally blows through the small opening of the compression cover 112 to the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 squeezed inside the enrichment cap 220, and the pathogens in the air are adsorbed on the upper part of the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221, thereby realizing the collection of pathogen samples in the ambient air.

[0050] The time for enriching samples can be set according to actual needs. The air pump 120 is provided with a controller and a human-machine interface, and corresponding parameters can be set to determine the time for sample enrichment. If it is only necessary to detect whether a certain pathogen exists in the environment, the detection time is shorter. If it is necessary to determine the impact of the number of pathogens in the environment on the poultry and livestock, etc., the corresponding enrichment time is set as needed. If the patient needs to be examined for a disease, the appearance of the pathogen enricher 110 can be set to the style of a breathing mask, and then the patient can detect the patient's disease by wearing it and breathing.

[0051] After collecting the samples, in order to ensure safety and accuracy of detection, the samples of pathogens need to be inactivated and lysed. First, open the pathogen enricher 110 and remove the enrichment cap 220. Then take out the lysate reagent tube 210. Connect the enrichment cap 220 with the lysate reagent tube 210 to form a lysis assembly. The lysate reagent tube 210 is a reagent tube containing lysate, and the opening of the tube body is provided with a sealing film. After taking out, the sealing film can be uncovered or pierced, and then connected to the enrichment cap 220. After that, the lysis assembly can be inactivated and lysed.

[0052] The inactivation and cracking device adopts high-temperature inactivation and cracking. The inactivation and cracking device includes a shell 310 and a cover body 320 arranged on the upper part of the shell 310. A power module and a control module are arranged inside the shell 310 to realize heating control. A touch screen is arranged on the side of the shell 310 to realize interactive operation, parameter setting, etc. A heating plate 330 is arranged on the upper part of the shell 310, and the heating plate 330 is electrically connected to the control module and the power module. A heating boss 331 is arranged on the upper part of the heating plate 330. The heating boss 331 is used to insert the cracking assembly. Since the enrichment cap 220 is tubular, it can be stuck on the heating boss 331 of the inactivation and cracking device, that is, the fixed connection between the cracking assembly and the inactivation and cracking device is realized and efficient heat conduction is realized.

[0053] The cover body 320 is detachably connected to the upper part of the shell. The cover body 320 is used to achieve better heat preservation and protection effects. Further, the inactivation and lysis of the pathogen inside the lysate reagent tube 210 can be made by heating, but in the process of operation, the outside of the lysate reagent tube 210 will inevitably adhere to bacteria, pathogens, etc., causing the risk of spreading diseases in the detection process to increase. Therefore, an ultraviolet lamp is provided at the top of the inside of the cover body 320, and the surface of the lysis assembly at the bottom of the cover body 320 is inactivated by ultraviolet rays to achieve safer beneficial effects. Electrical connection can be achieved by arranging a plug at the bottom of the cover body and arranging a jack at the upper part of the shell to power the ultraviolet lamp.

[0054] After the lysis assembly is formed, the lysis assembly is buckled on the heating boss 331 in the inactivation lysis device, and the cover 320 is covered to perform lysis inactivation. The temperature, time and other parameters of the inactivation lysis can be set on the touch screen according to the actual detection needs. Since the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 in the enrichment cap 220 can pass air but not water, there will be no leakage problem after the enrichment cap 220 is combined with the lysis solution reagent tube 210.

[0055] Before testing, the gas composition samples need to be processed. Fig. 9As shown, a detection system with a gas enricher 130 installed is shown. The gas enricher 130 includes a shell 131. A power module, a control module and a refrigeration module are arranged inside the shell 131, and a low-temperature cold chamber is also arranged inside the shell 131. A gas collecting bottle slot 132 is arranged on the upper part of the shell 131, and the gas collecting bottle slot 132 is a groove, and the groove is sunk into the interior of the low-temperature cold chamber. When the gas collecting bottle 240 is plugged into the gas collecting bottle slot 132, a low-temperature environment will be generated inside the gas collecting bottle 250. A temperature adjustment module is arranged on the surface of the shell 131 to set the temperature of the low-temperature cold chamber. In this embodiment, an electronic refrigeration sheet is used for refrigeration, which can achieve rapid setting of a low-temperature environment. Better, in order to maintain the temperature of the low-temperature cold chamber, the shell 131 can be set to a double layer, and a vacuum is set between the two layers to achieve a heat preservation effect. At the same time, a single layer is set in the shell 131 at the groove position of the gas collecting bottle slot 132, and a material with good thermal conductivity is used to place the gas collecting bottle 250 in a low-temperature environment.

[0056] The temperature inside the gas collecting bottle 250 is lowered by setting a low temperature environment. At this time, under normal circumstances, the set temperature is between -2 and 2°C. This can not only keep the liquid state of the adsorption reagent from freezing when the gas is flowing, but also reduce the volatilization of the adsorbed gas by low temperature, thereby achieving a more accurate detection effect.

[0057] like Fig.10 As shown, the gas collecting bottle 250 is provided with a cover body, and the cover body and the main body of the gas collecting bottle 250 are sealed by screw connection to ensure the sealing of the gas collecting bottle 250. An air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are provided on the cover body. An air inlet pipe interface 251 is provided on the outside of the air inlet hole, and an air inlet pipe 252 is provided inside the air inlet hole. The air inlet pipe extends to the bottom of the gas collecting bottle 250. When the adsorption reagent is added to the gas collecting bottle 250, the adsorption reagent can immerse the lower end of the air inlet pipe. A connecting duct 253 is provided on the outside of the air outlet. In addition to realizing gas outlet, the connecting duct 253 can also be connected with the detection cap 230 or the detection module 240 to export the adsorption reagent to the detection module 240. By inverting the gas collecting bottle 250, the adsorption reagent inside the gas collecting bottle 250 can be introduced into the detection module 240. The inner diameter of the air inlet pipe 252 on the cover body is the same as the outer diameter of the plunger of the detection module 240. The two can be plug-in and sealed to ensure that the adsorbed reagent will not be spilled during the process of exporting the adsorbed reagent. At the same time, a one-way valve is provided in the pipeline formed by the air inlet hole, the air inlet pipe interface 251, and the air inlet pipe 252 to ensure that the gas can only enter but not exit. Correspondingly, a one-way valve is also provided in the channel formed by the air outlet hole and the connecting conduit 253, so that the gas can only exit but not enter. At the same time, when the adsorbed reagent is exported, it is ensured that the adsorbed reagent does not spill out of the gas collecting bottle.

[0058] Between tests, the adsorption reagent is added to the gas collecting bottle 250, and then the air pump 120 is connected. After starting the air pump, the external gas enters the gas collecting bottle 250 through the air pump 120, and enters the adsorption reagent through the air inlet pipe 252. Different adsorption reagents can adsorb different gases. At the same time, under the action of low temperature, the volatilization amount of the adsorbed gas can be guaranteed to be minimal, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0059] After the adsorption is completed, it can be connected to the detection cap 230 or the detection module 240 to export the adsorption reagent, and then put it into the detection device for detection. The pathogen sample after lysis and inactivation also needs to be connected to the detection cap 230 or the detection module 240, and then tested. First, remove the lysis assembly and split it into a lysis liquid reagent tube 210 and an enrichment cap 220. The enrichment cap 220 undergoes subsequent harmless treatment, and the lysis liquid reagent tube 210 and the detection cap 230 form a detection assembly, which is placed in the detection device for pathogen detection. The detection cap 230 and the detection device can apply the patent technology previously applied by the company, with application number 202210676664.4. A detection module 240 is provided in the detection cap 230, and the detection module is provided with a reaction chamber, and a freeze-dried reagent ball is placed in the reaction chamber. After the lysis solution or adsorption reagent enters the reaction chamber, the freeze-dried reagent ball melts and can be detected. At the same time, the detection device disclosed in the above-mentioned patent application number 202210676664.4 is used for detection. Therefore, the detection device is not described in detail.

[0060] Due to the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 used in the present application, the detection cap 230 can be further improved. Fig.11 As shown, the detection cap 230 is the swab cap in the above-mentioned application number 202210676664.4 with the catheter part removed. The detection cap 230 is provided with a detection module inside, and a plunger at the bottom of the detection module is provided with a catheter. The outer diameter of the plunger matches the inner diameter of the lysate reagent tube, and the plugging with the lysate reagent tube can be achieved. After the lysate reagent tube 210 is connected to the detection cap 230, there will be no leakage even if the detection cap 230 is reversed.

[0061] Better yet, in order to further integrate the equipment, a snap ring is provided in the middle of the detection cap 230, and an internal thread is provided on the tube wall of the detection cap body below the snap ring for connecting with the lysis solution reagent tube. The detection module 240 is installed in the snap ring. As shown in Figure 11, the detection module 240 includes a plunger and a conduit formed by a through hole provided in the middle of the plunger, and the upper part of the through hole flows into a reaction chamber where the freeze-dried reagent balls are placed through a flow channel. Freeze-dried reagent balls for detection are placed in the reaction chamber. The upper part of the detection module 240 is encapsulated with a transparent membrane to facilitate detection using an optical sensor. The lower part of the detection module is encapsulated with a hydrophobic breathable membrane, which can maintain air pressure balance when injecting reagents, allowing the reagents to flow in smoothly. Fig.11 As shown, the detection module is made of transparent plastics such as acrylic, PE, PC, and PP.

[0062] In the previously disclosed patent, a light-transmitting hole is provided above the detection module 240 to facilitate detection by the optical sensor. In this embodiment, a light-transmitting hole can be provided on the side wall of the detection cap 230 at a position corresponding to the reaction chamber of the detection module. The optical sensor for detection detects the reagent inside the reaction chamber through the light-transmitting hole. At this time, the optical sensor for detection can be installed on the periphery of the detection cap 230. At the same time, in the previously disclosed patent, a reflective mirror surface is formed by opening a groove in the detection module, which can reflect the light source incident by the optical sensor to the sensor, as shown in the figure, and the above design is still maintained in this embodiment.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] In the previous embodiment, the air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system includes a sample enrichment device, an inactivation lysis device, and a detection device, and uses the following consumables: a lysis reagent tube 210, an enrichment cap 220, a detection cap 230, a gas collection bottle 250, and an adsorption reagent. In this embodiment, the consumables include a lysis reagent tube 210, an enrichment cap 220, a detection module 240, a gas collection bottle 250, and an adsorption reagent. The enrichment cap 220 serves as a unified carrier, and can be installed with a hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 as a consumable for collecting samples, and can also be installed with a detection module 240 to form a consumable for detection. Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of an enrichment cap. Multiple detection modules 240 can be provided to facilitate the detection of multiple components. If it is necessary to detect gas components, one enrichment cap can be used, or two enrichment caps 220 can be used. If there is no requirement for a detection time limit, one can be used. If a fast detection result is required, two can be used to detect gas components and pathogen components together.

[0065] Likewise, the lysis reagent tube 210, the enrichment cap 220, the detection module 240 and the adsorption reagent may be packaged in one blister plate, or may be packaged in blister plates separately.

[0066] Since the enrichment cap 220 in this embodiment can both enrich pathogens and serve as a detection carrier, the structure of the enrichment cap 220 in this embodiment is as follows. Figure 8As shown, the enrichment cap 220 includes a cylinder body, and a clamping ring 225 is arranged in the middle of the cylinder body. An internal thread is arranged inside the cylinder body at the lower part of the clamping ring 225 for connecting the lysis solution reagent tube 210. A detection through hole 226 is arranged on the upper side wall of the clamping ring 225. A positioning groove 227 is also arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the clamping ring 225, and the positioning groove 227 is used to calibrate the installation position of the detection module 240. In the initial state, a first gasket 222 is clamped on the lower part of the clamping ring 225, and the aperture of the first gasket 222 is smaller than the outer diameter of the plunger of the detection module 240. A hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first gasket 222. As shown Figure 7 As shown, the detection module 240 includes an upper disc and a lower plunger, and a through-hole flow channel is arranged in the middle of the plunger. A reaction chamber is provided on the upper disc to place freeze-dried reagent balls. As shown in the figure, three reaction chambers are provided, and freeze-dried reagent balls for detecting different substances are placed inside. Since 240 is made of transparent material, its internal structure can be seen in the schematic diagram. The reaction chamber is connected to the through hole in the center of the plunger through the opened flow channel. A positioning pin is provided on the edge of the disc. After the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning groove 227, the reaction chamber coincides with the detection through hole 226. The optical sensor used for detection detects the solution inside the reaction chamber through the detection through hole 226.

[0067] A sealing ring is further provided at the bottom of the disc to achieve sealing. The disc is fixed and sealed with the upper part of the enrichment cap 220 cylinder body by interference fit. Fig.13 As shown, the detection module 240 and the detection cap 230 can be connected by a buckle, and the buckle is inserted into the buckle ring and locked with the buckle ring. Figure 7 As shown, threads may also be provided on the plunger, and the detection module 240 and the enrichment cap 220 may be connected and fixed by a sleeve nut.

[0068] When collecting and detecting environmental air pathogen samples, the enrichment cap 220 is also first taken out and installed in the sample enrichment device. In the initial state, the first gasket 222 and the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221 connected to the first gasket 222 are arranged inside the enrichment cap 220, so that the pathogen can be directly installed and enriched. After collecting the sample, the enrichment cap 220 is removed from the sample enrichment device, and the lysate reagent tube 210 is taken out at the same time, and the lysate reagent tube 210 and the enrichment cap 220 are combined into a lysate assembly. The lysate assembly is snapped into the inactivation lysing device for lysing and inactivation. After the lysing and inactivation are completed, the lysing assembly is taken out. Different from the first embodiment, the detection module 240 is then taken out, and the plunger of the detection module 240 is inserted into the snap ring 225 from the top to push out the first gasket 222 and the hydrophobic breathable membrane 221, and then combined with the enrichment cap 220. The enrichment cap 220 of the detection module 240 is fixedly installed and then connected to the lysis reagent tube 210 to form a detection assembly. Finally, the detection assembly is placed in a detection device for detection.

[0069] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification. All so-called equal changes and modifications of the shapes, structures, features and spirits described in the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Air pathogen, biological and chemical component enrichment detection system, characterized by: The invention comprises a sample enrichment device, an inactivation lysis device and a detection device; a lysis reagent tube (210), an enrichment cap (220), a detection cap (230) and a gas collection bottle (250) are used; the sample enrichment device comprises a pathogen enricher (110), a gas enricher (130) and an air pump (120) which are connected in series through a pipeline; the pathogen enricher (110) is equipped with an enrichment cap (220) for attaching pathogen samples in the air to the enrichment cap (220); the gas collection bottle (240) is plugged into the cold space of the gas enricher (130) for absorbing volatile gases; after the sample enrichment is completed by driving the gas flow through the air pump (120): The enrichment cap (220) is combined with the lysis reagent tube (210) and inactivated and lysed in an inactivation and lysis device, and then a pathogen detection reagent is used for detection in a detection device; The solution in the gas enricher (130) is detected in a detection device using a gas detection reagent.

2. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lysate reagent tube (210), the detection cap (230), the enrichment cap (220), and the adsorption reagent are encapsulated in a blister plate; the gas collecting bottle (250) is provided with a cover body, and the cover body is provided with a one-way air inlet pipe extending inwardly into the adsorption reagent solution; the cover body is also provided with a one-way air outlet pipe connecting the inside and outside of the bottle body; The enrichment cap (220) is cylindrical and has a hydrophobic breathable membrane (221) in the middle; The detection cap (230) is cylindrical and has a middle detection module (240) disposed in the middle thereof. The detection module (240) is provided with a reaction chamber for placing freeze-dried reagent balls. The gas outlet pipe of the gas collecting bottle (240) is plugged into the gas collecting bottle (240) to introduce the solution of adsorbed gas into the detection module (240).

3. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lysate reagent tube (210), the enrichment cap (220) and the adsorption reagent are packaged in a blister plate; the blister plate also packages a detection module (240) for combination with the enrichment cap (220); the enrichment cap (220) is cylindrical and has a hydrophobic breathable membrane (221) in the middle; the upper side wall of the enrichment cap (220) is provided with a detection through hole (226); the detection module (240) is provided with a reaction chamber for placing freeze-dried reagent balls; the gas collecting bottle (250) is provided with a cover body, and the cover body is provided with a one-way air inlet pipe extending inwardly into the adsorption reagent solution; the cover body is also provided with a one-way air outlet pipe connecting the inside and outside of the bottle body.

4. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The gas enricher (130) comprises a shell (131), a refrigeration module is arranged inside the shell (131), a temperature adjustment module is arranged on the surface of the shell (131), and a gas collecting bottle slot (132) is arranged on the upper part of the shell (131); the gas collecting bottle (240) is plugged into the gas collecting bottle slot (132).

5. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The pathogen enricher (110) comprises an air intake hood (111), a compression hood (112) and a sealing hood (113); the sealing hood (113) is provided with an air outlet for connecting to an air pump (120) or a gas enricher (130); a protective net is provided at one end of the air intake hood (111), and the other end is connected to the sealing hood (113) to form a cylinder; the compression hood (112) is funnel-shaped with the large end facing the air intake hood (111); an enrichment cap interface is provided at the small end of the compression hood (112) for installing an enrichment cap (220); and the compression hood (112) is arranged between the air intake hood (111) and the sealing hood (113).

6. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The compression cover (112) and the air intake cover (111) are integrally formed.

7. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inactivation and lysis device comprises a shell (310), a cover body (320) arranged on the upper part of the shell (310), a power module and a control module are arranged inside the shell (310), a heating plate (330) is arranged on the upper part of the shell (310), and a heating boss (331) for inserting an enrichment cap (220) is arranged on the upper part of the heating plate (330).

8. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 7 is characterized by: An ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the top of the interior of the cover body (320).

9. The air pathogen, biological, and chemical component enrichment detection system according to claim 3 is characterized by: A positioning groove (227) is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the enrichment cap, and a positioning pin is provided on the detection module (240), and the installation position of the detection module (240) is calibrated by inserting the positioning pin into the positioning groove.

10. A method for detecting the enrichment of biochemical components in air, characterized in that: Step 1, assembling the enrichment cap (220) on the enrichment cap interface of the pathogen enricher (110); Step 2: Connect the pathogen enricher (110) to the air inlet of the air pump (120), connect the air inlet pipe of the gas collection bottle (250) to the air outlet of the air pump (120), and then deploy them in the environment to be tested to collect samples; Step 3: After the sampling is completed, the enrichment cap (220) is removed and connected to the lysis solution reagent tube (210) to form a lysis assembly, which is placed in an inactivation lysis device for inactivation and lysis; Step 4: disassemble the lysis assembly, connect the lysis solution reagent tube (210) and the detection cap (230) for detecting pathogens to form a detection assembly; or disassemble the lysis assembly, combine the detection module (240) for detecting pathogens with the removed enrichment cap (220) and then combine with the lysis reagent tube (210) to form a detection assembly; Connecting a detection cap (230) for detecting gas components to a gas outlet pipe of a gas collecting bottle (250), and then inverting the gas collecting bottle (250) to inject an adsorption solution in the gas collecting bottle (250) into the detection cap (230); Step 5: Place the detection assembly and the detection cap injected with the adsorption solution into a detection device for detection.

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