Sliding bearing based on non-uniform discrete magnetic field

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering lubrication, and particularly relates to a sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field. Ni rows of magnet arrays are uniformly distributed on the lining in the circumferential direction of the lining, and mj permanent magnets are assembled on each row of magnet arrays at equal intervals; the magnetizing intensities of the permanent magnets sequentially arranged along the two sides of the axis are gradually reduced from the middle plane of the axis of the bushing; the magnetizing intensity of the permanent magnets in the magnet arrays which are sequentially arranged from the bottom of the bushing to the top along the circumferential side wall of the bushing is gradually reduced step by step; therefore, in the mj * ni permanent magnets which are uniformly arranged, the magnetizing intensities of the permanent magnets corresponding to the two adjacent columns and the two adjacent rows are equal and different; a non-uniform discrete magnetic field is formed through the mj * ni permanent magnets, when the rotating shaft rotates at a high speed or bears a large load, the thickness change of a lubricating oil film caused by eccentricity can be effectively inhibited, the thickness of the minimum oil film is increased, the thickness of the lubricating oil film tends to be uniform on the whole, and the lubricating effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering lubrication, and in particular relates to a sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field. Background Art

[0002] Magnetic fluid is a stable colloidal solution in which nanoscale magnetic particles coated with surfactant are uniformly dispersed in a base carrier liquid. It has the dual properties of magnetic materials and fluids, and has the ability to use magnetic fields to control rheological, thermophysical and optical properties. When there is an external magnetic field, the viscosity of the magnetic fluid changes within a certain range as the intensity of the magnetic field changes. Therefore, due to its unique controllable properties, it is widely used in important fields such as aerospace, national defense, medical care and energy.

[0003] In the existing magnetic liquid sliding bearings, under a uniform external magnetic field, the viscosity of the magnetic liquid in the lubrication gap changes in the same way. However, as the load on the shaft increases and the speed increases, the eccentricity of the shaft increases, making the distribution of the magnetic liquid uneven. At this time, in the overall area of ​​the lubrication gap, the magnetic liquid content in the area with the largest oil film thickness is the highest, and the viscosity also increases accordingly, resulting in increased friction at the lubrication interface and increased friction resistance of the shaft, which in turn causes excessive shaft torque, increased energy consumption and increased temperature at the lubrication interface, which is not conducive to the widespread use of magnetic liquid sliding bearings in high-precision and cutting-edge fields.

[0004] Therefore, how to develop a magnetic liquid sliding bearing that can increase the minimum oil film thickness of the magnetic liquid sliding bearing under a certain load and speed, and use a non-uniform discrete magnetic field to obtain a magnetic liquid sliding bearing with a uniform oil film thickness, is an urgent problem to be solved by technicians in the field of magnetic liquid sliding bearings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field. By designing different magnetization intensities and positions of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets cooperate with each other to form a non-uniform discrete magnetic field with non-uniform magnetic field strength in different areas of the lubrication gap, thereby improving the lubrication performance while reducing problems such as excessive torque.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field, applied to a rotating shaft, comprises:

[0008] A bushing is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a lubrication gap is provided between the bushing and the rotating shaft, a lubrication oil film formed by a magnetic liquid is provided in the lubrication gap, and the lubrication rotation of the rotating shaft in the sliding bearing is realized through the lubrication effect of the lubrication oil film;

[0009] In addition, ni There are m rows of magnetic arrays, 8≤i≤24, and i is a multiple of 4. Each row of the magnetic array is evenly spaced. j fan-shaped installation slots, 3≤j≤9, and j is an odd number, m j The dimensions of the fan-shaped installation grooves are the same, and a permanent magnet is arranged in each fan-shaped installation groove;

[0010] In each column of the magnet array, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets in each sector-shaped mounting groove is different, and starting from the midplane of the bushing axis, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets arranged successively along both sides of the axis decreases step by step, and the magnetization intensity of two adjacent permanent magnets differs by 175 to 700 Gauss;

[0011] In different columns of the magnet array, the magnetization strength of the corresponding permanent magnets is also different, and the magnetization strength of the permanent magnets in the magnet arrays arranged in sequence from the bottom of the bushing along the circumferential side wall to the top of the bushing decreases step by step, and the magnetization strength of the permanent magnets in two adjacent columns of the magnet array differs by 60 to 175 Gauss;

[0012] On this basis, the magnetization direction of each of the permanent magnets is the same, that is, radial magnetization. In addition, the material of the permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron;

[0013] Based on the above structure, the sliding bearing also includes a bearing seat sleeved on the outer wall of the bushing, and an end cover arranged on one side of the bearing seat. The bearing seat and the end cover cooperate with each other to cover the outer surface of the bushing.

[0014] Preferably, the bearing seat includes a first mounting portion that cooperates with the circumferential outer wall of the bushing and a second mounting portion that cooperates with the end side wall of the bushing, wherein the second mounting portion is provided with an annular oil collecting groove on the contact surface with the rotating shaft, and in addition, on the side of the oil collecting groove close to the bushing, the second mounting portion is provided with a first sealing ring through a first annular groove on the circumferential inner wall close to the rotating shaft.

[0015] More preferably, the bushing is provided with a second sealing ring through a second annular groove on the contact surface with the second mounting portion, for preventing the magnetic liquid from leaking out from between the bushing and the bearing seat. In addition, the bushing is provided with a third sealing ring through a third annular groove on the contact surface with the end cover, for preventing the magnetic liquid from leaking out from the gap between the bushing and the end cover.

[0016] Further, the end cover is provided with a limiting boss on the side in contact with the bearing seat, the circumferential outer wall of the limiting boss matches the circumferential inner wall of the first mounting portion, and the end face of the limiting boss abuts against the end of the bushing, so as to limit the bushing to abut against the inside of the bearing seat. In addition, a fourth sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the end cover and the rotating shaft through a fourth annular groove, and on this basis, an annular oil collecting groove is also provided on the side of the fourth sealing ring close to the bushing;

[0017] In addition, the end cover is connected to the bearing seat by screws.

[0018] Furthermore, the end cover is also provided with an oil filling hole and an oil draining hole, and the oil filling hole is located above the rotating shaft and the oil draining hole is located below the rotating shaft. The oil filling hole is connected to the lubrication gap between the bushing and the rotating shaft through a first oil circuit to add magnetic liquid to the lubrication gap; the oil draining hole is connected to the two oil collecting tanks through a second oil circuit to discharge the overflowed oil before disassembling the sliding bearing; the oil filling hole and the oil draining hole are both provided with plugs.

[0019] Preferably, the first oil circuit starts from the oil filling hole, passes through the end cover and the bushing in sequence, and is connected to the lubrication gap between the bushing and the rotating shaft, so as to add magnetic liquid to the lubrication gap. In addition, a buffer groove is provided at the end of the first oil circuit, and the buffer groove is also located on the circumferential inner wall of the bushing;

[0020] The second oil circuit starts from the oil drain hole and is connected to the oil collecting groove between the end cover and the rotating shaft. After the second oil circuit passes through the end cover, the bushing, and the bearing seat in sequence, it is also connected to the oil collecting groove between the bearing seat and the rotating shaft.

[0021] Preferably, a fifth sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the end cover and the bushing at a position where the first oil path passes through the contact surface, for preventing the magnetic liquid from leaking out from between the end cover and the bushing when the magnetic liquid is added through the oil filling hole;

[0022] On the contact surface between the end cover and the bushing, and the contact surface between the bushing and the bearing seat, a sixth sealing ring is provided at the position where the second oil circuit passes through the two contact surfaces, for preventing the overflow oil from seeping out from between the end cover and the bushing, and between the bushing and the bearing seat when the overflow oil is discharged through the oil drain hole.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] In general, the present invention will m j ×n i The permanent magnets are evenly distributed in the axial and circumferential directions of the bushing, and in each column of the magnet array, starting from the midplane of the bushing axis, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets arranged in sequence along the two sides of the axis decreases step by step; starting from the bottom of the bushing, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets in the magnet array arranged in sequence along the circumferential side wall of the bushing to the top decreases step by step; thus, in the evenly distributed m j ×n iAmong the permanent magnets, the magnetization intensities of the permanent magnets corresponding to two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows differ by the same value, thereby generating a non-uniform discrete magnetic field, and regulating the distribution of the magnetic liquid in the lubrication gap through the non-uniform discrete magnetic field, thereby effectively suppressing the change in oil film thickness caused by the eccentricity of the shaft, maintaining the consistency of the oil film thickness, reducing the friction of the lubrication interface and the friction resistance of the shaft, which helps to reduce the energy consumption of the equipment, improve the operating efficiency, and extend the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the sliding bearing based on the non-uniform discrete magnetic field in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the bushing in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section in the AA direction;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bushing in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the end cover in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Conventional magnetic liquid sliding bearings generally use permanent magnets to control the lubricating oil film formed by the magnetic liquid. The control principle is: using the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet to adsorb the magnetic liquid near the permanent magnet, so as to obtain a lubricating oil film around the entire shaft in the magnetic liquid sliding bearing, which has a lubricating effect; and conventional magnetic liquid sliding bearings generally set a whole ring of permanent magnets to form a uniform magnetic field, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the magnetic liquid in the lubrication gap.

[0034] However, the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil film is related to the load and rotation speed of the rotating shaft. The forces borne by the commonly used magnetic liquid sliding bearings include: the gravity of the rotating shaft and the downward load. The superposition of the above-mentioned forces will cause the rotating shaft to produce downward eccentricity during operation, thereby thinning the lubricating oil film at this position. Even when the load is too large, the rotating shaft tends to contact and rub against the bushing. The faster the rotating shaft rotates, the easier it is for the magnetic liquid to be thrown out from both ends of the bearing due to the centrifugal force, causing the lubricating oil film thickness to thin, thereby aggravating the eccentricity of the rotating shaft. At this time, this position is called the minimum oil film thickness position, and the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil film is also significantly reduced.

[0035] Therefore, the present application provides a sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field. Under the premise that the eccentricity generates a dynamic pressure effect so that the bearing can operate normally, the volume and position of the permanent magnet are adjusted according to the required magnetic field strength and magnetic field distribution to obtain a non-uniform discrete magnetic field to reduce the eccentricity. Specifically: n i The magnetic arrays are evenly distributed on the bushing, and each magnetic array is evenly spaced with m jThere are fan-shaped installation grooves, each of which is equipped with a permanent magnet. By reasonably limiting the value range of j and i, the specific position of each permanent magnet can be limited; based on the above m j With n i The value of the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets arranged in sequence along the axis of the bushing decreases step by step from the middle plane of the bushing axis to both sides; at the same time, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets in the magnet array arranged in sequence along the circumferential side wall of the bushing to the top also decreases step by step from the bottom of the bushing. Therefore, in the uniformly arranged m j ×n i Among the permanent magnets, the magnetization intensities of the permanent magnets corresponding to two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows differ by equal value, thereby generating a non-uniform discrete magnetic field, and regulating the distribution of the magnetic liquid in the lubrication gap through the non-uniform discrete magnetic field, thereby effectively suppressing the change in oil film thickness caused by the eccentricity of the rotating shaft, and ultimately increasing the minimum oil film thickness of the lubricating oil film, thereby reducing the friction force of the lubrication interface and the friction resistance of the rotating shaft, and improving the lubrication effect; in addition, the sliding bearings mentioned in the present application are all magnetic liquid sliding bearings.

[0036] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the present technical solution, the sliding bearing based on the non-uniform discrete magnetic field is applied to the rotating shaft 1. In actual usage, it can be summarized as follows: one end of the rotating shaft 1 is provided with a rotational power by a motor, and the other end is provided with a load to provide a load for the rotating shaft 1. The motor and the load are not shown in the figure.

[0038] The sliding bearing based on the non-uniform discrete magnetic field comprises: a bushing 2 , a bearing seat 3 and an end cover 4 .

[0039] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the bushing 2 is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 1, and there is a lubrication gap between the bushing 2 and the rotating shaft 1. A lubricating oil film 5 formed by a magnetic liquid is arranged in the lubrication gap. Through the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil film 5, the lubricated rotation of the rotating shaft 1 in the sliding bearing is realized.

[0040] As the core of this application, in the bushing 2, as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the bushing 2 is evenly provided with n i There are m rows of magnetic arrays, 8≤i≤24, and i is a multiple of 4. Each row of the magnetic array is evenly spaced. j sector-shaped mounting slots 201, 3≤j≤9, and j is an odd number, m j The dimensions of the fan-shaped installation grooves 201 are the same, and a permanent magnet 6 is arranged in each fan-shaped installation groove 201. i 、m jIt shows the density of the fan-shaped mounting grooves 201. If they are too dense, the processing and assembly difficulty of the structure itself will increase. If they are too loose, the lubrication effect of the sliding bearing will be worse. Under the above-mentioned structural arrangement, in each column of the magnet array, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnet 6 in each fan-shaped mounting groove 201 is different, and from the midplane of the axis of the bushing 2, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnet 6 arranged in sequence along the two sides of the axis decreases step by step, and the magnetization intensity of two adjacent permanent magnets 6 differs by 175 to 700 Gauss; in different columns of the magnet array, the magnetization intensity of the corresponding permanent magnet 6 is also different, and from the bottom of the bushing 2, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnet 6 in the magnet array arranged in sequence along the circumferential side wall of the bushing 2 to the top decreases step by step, and the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnet 6 in two adjacent columns of the magnet array differs by 60 to 175 Gauss. In addition, the magnetization direction of each permanent magnet 6 is the same, that is, radial magnetization; in this embodiment, the material of the permanent magnet 6 is neodymium iron boron.

[0041] Based on the above structure, when the shaft 1 is not loaded and remains stationary, m j ×n i The permanent magnets 6 cooperate with each other to form a non-uniform discrete magnetic field. According to the adsorption characteristics of the magnetic field on the magnetic liquid, the content of the magnetic liquid in each part of the lubrication gap is different, so that the magnetic liquid content is the highest and the thickness is the largest at the bottom of the bushing 2 and near the midplane of the axis; the magnetic liquid content gradually decreases and the thickness gradually decreases in the area swept from the circumferential side wall of the bushing 2 to the top and from the midplane of the bushing 2 to the two ends of the bushing 2; so far, when the shaft 1 is subjected to a certain load and there is a certain speed that causes the eccentricity to increase, the effect of thinning the lubricating oil film is the same as m j ×n i The non-uniform oil film effect brought by the permanent magnets 6 is offset, which increases the minimum oil film thickness, makes the overall lubricating oil film thickness uniform, and improves the lubrication effect of the sliding bearing. In a specific case, compared with the original minimum oil film thickness of the sliding bearing, the minimum oil film thickness of the sliding bearing is the largest when the shaft 1 is loaded and rotated at a certain speed.

[0042] It should be noted that in typical sliding bearing applications, the recommended magnetic field strength range is usually 300 to 1000 gauss, and the configuration of the magnetic field strength is generally inferred from the magnetic field strength required by the sliding bearing to the magnetization strength of the permanent magnet 6, so n can be obtained. i With m j The value range of m and the uniformly distributed setting j ×n iThe difference between the magnetization strength of the permanent magnets 6 corresponding to two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows in a permanent magnet 6; and for the permanent magnet 6, its magnetization strength cannot exceed the demagnetization resistance of the material to prevent it from demagnetizing under long-term use or changes in ambient temperature. For NdFeB materials, the recommended operating temperature is generally lower than 80°C. High-temperature resistant materials such as high-temperature grade NdFeB or ferrite must be selected for high-temperature applications.

[0043] In addition, in this technical solution, if Figure 1 As shown, the sliding bearing also includes a bearing seat 3 sleeved on the outer wall of the bushing 2, and an end cover 4 arranged on one side of the bearing seat 3. The bearing seat 3 and the end cover 4 cooperate with each other to cover the outer surface of the bushing 2.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the bearing seat 3 includes a first mounting portion 301 matched with a partial circumferential outer wall of the bushing 2 and a second mounting portion 302 matched with an end surface side wall of the bushing 2 .

[0045] Among them, the second mounting part 302 is provided with an annular oil collecting groove 303 on the contact surface with the rotating shaft 1. In addition, on the side of the oil collecting groove 303 close to the bushing 2, the second mounting part 302 is provided with a first sealing ring 304 through a first annular groove on the circumferential inner wall close to the rotating shaft 1 to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking from between the second mounting part 302 and the rotating shaft 1 during the movement of the rotating shaft 1.

[0046] A second sealing ring 305 is provided on the contact surface between the bushing 2 and the second mounting portion 302 through a second annular groove, which is used to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking out from between the bushing 2 and the second mounting portion 302 of the bearing seat 3. In addition, a third sealing ring 202 is provided on the contact surface between the bushing 2 and the end cover 4 through a third annular groove, which is used to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking out from the gap between the bushing 2 and the end cover 4.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the end cover 4 is provided with a limiting boss 401 on the side in contact with the bearing seat 3, the circumferential outer wall of the limiting boss 401 cooperates with the circumferential inner wall of the first mounting portion 301, and the end face of the limiting boss 401 abuts against the end of the bushing 2, which is used to limit the bushing 2 to abut against the inside of the bearing seat 3. In addition, a fourth sealing ring 402 is provided on the contact surface between the end cover 4 and the rotating shaft 1 through a fourth annular groove, which is used to prevent the magnetic liquid from overflowing from between the end cover 4 and the rotating shaft 1. On this basis, the fourth sealing ring 402 is also provided with an annular oil collecting groove 303 on the side close to the bushing 2; in addition, the end cover 4 is connected to the bearing seat 3 by screws 7.

[0048] At this point, the preliminary sealing assembly of the sliding bearing is completed. In actual use, the sliding bearing needs to inject magnetic liquid into the lubrication gap between the bushing 2 and the rotating shaft 1 to form a lubricating oil film 5.

[0049] Therefore, if Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the end cover 4 is also provided with an oil filling hole 403 and an oil draining hole 404 , and the oil filling hole 403 is located above the rotating shaft 1 , and the oil draining hole 404 is located below the rotating shaft 1 , and both the oil filling hole 403 and the oil draining hole 404 are provided with a plug 405 .

[0050] The oil filling hole 403 is connected to the lubrication gap between the bushing 2 and the rotating shaft 1 through the first oil circuit 407 to add magnetic liquid to the lubrication gap, wherein the first oil circuit 407 starts from the oil filling hole 403, passes through the end cover 4 and the bushing 2 in sequence, and is connected to the lubrication gap between the bushing 2 and the rotating shaft 1 to add magnetic liquid to the lubrication gap; in addition, a buffer groove 406 is provided at the end of the first oil circuit 407, and the buffer groove 406 is also located on the circumferential inner wall of the bushing 2, which plays a buffering role when the magnetic liquid is injected into the lubrication gap through the first oil circuit 407, and plays a role in storing magnetic liquid when the sliding bearing is in use.

[0051] The oil drain hole 404 is connected to the two oil collecting tanks 303 through the second oil circuit 408, which is used to discharge the overflow oil before disassembling the sliding bearing; in addition, the second oil circuit 408 starts from the oil drain hole 404 and is connected to the oil collecting tank 303 between the end cover 4 and the rotating shaft 1, and after the second oil circuit 408 passes through the end cover 4, the bushing 2, and the bearing seat 3 in sequence, it is also connected to the oil collecting tank 303 between the bearing seat 3 and the rotating shaft 1.

[0052] In this technical solution, in addition to the oil filling hole 403, the first oil passage 407, the oil drain hole 404 and the second oil passage 408 required for the sliding bearing to work properly, the problem of magnetic liquid leakage through the above devices also needs to be considered.

[0053] Therefore, in this application, Figure 1 As shown, a fifth sealing ring 409 is provided at the position where the first oil path 407 passes through the contact surface between the end cover 4 and the bushing 2 to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking out from between the end cover 4 and the bushing 2 when the magnetic liquid is added through the oil filling hole 403.

[0054] On the contact surface between the end cover 4 and the bushing 2, and on the contact surface between the bushing 2 and the bearing seat 3, a sixth sealing ring 410 is provided at the position where the second oil circuit 408 passes through the two contact surfaces, for preventing the overflow oil from seeping out from between the end cover 4 and the bushing 2, and between the bushing 2 and the bearing seat 3 when the overflow oil is discharged through the oil drain hole 404.

[0055] At this point, the reasonable assembly of the sliding bearing based on the non-uniform discrete magnetic field is completed. In actual use, based on structural requirements and assembly convenience, the bearing seat 3 and other components can be assembled using a petal-type assembly method. This process is within the scope of what technicians in this field can choose as needed, and this application does not make any detailed restrictions.

[0056] Specifically, the present application provides a sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field, under the premise of reasonable overall assembly, using m j ×n i The magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets cooperate with each other to eventually form a non-uniform discrete magnetic field. Under the action of this magnetic field, each area of ​​the lubricating oil film 5 forms a different oil film thickness as needed. The various oil film thicknesses and the eccentricity of the rotating shaft 1 formed by the load and the rotation speed offset each other to obtain a lubricating oil film 5 with a uniform thickness, which increases the minimum oil film thickness, makes the overall thickness of the lubricating oil film 5 uniform, and improves the lubrication effect of the sliding bearing.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field, applied to a rotating shaft, characterized in that: include: A bushing is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a lubrication gap is provided between the bushing and the rotating shaft, a lubrication oil film formed by a magnetic liquid is provided in the lubrication gap, and the lubrication rotation of the rotating shaft in the sliding bearing is realized through the lubrication effect of the lubrication oil film; In addition, n i There are m rows of magnetic arrays, 8≤i≤24, and i is a multiple of 4. Each row of the magnetic array is evenly spaced. j fan-shaped installation slots, 3≤j≤9, and j is an odd number, m j The dimensions of the fan-shaped installation grooves are the same, and a permanent magnet is arranged in each fan-shaped installation groove; In each column of the magnet array, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets in each sector-shaped mounting groove is different, and starting from the midplane of the bushing axis, the magnetization intensity of the permanent magnets arranged successively along both sides of the axis decreases step by step, and the magnetization intensity of two adjacent permanent magnets differs by 175 to 700 Gauss; In different columns of the magnet array, the magnetization strength of the corresponding permanent magnets is also different, and the magnetization strength of the permanent magnets in the magnet arrays arranged in sequence from the bottom of the bushing along the circumferential side wall to the top of the bushing decreases step by step, and the magnetization strength of the permanent magnets in two adjacent columns of the magnet array differs by 60 to 175 Gauss; On this basis, the magnetization direction of each of the permanent magnets is the same, that is, radial magnetization. In addition, the material of the permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron; Based on the above structure, the sliding bearing also includes a bearing seat sleeved on the outer wall of the bushing, and an end cover arranged on one side of the bearing seat. The bearing seat and the end cover cooperate with each other to cover the outer surface of the bushing.

2. A sliding bearing based on a non-uniform discrete magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing seat includes a first mounting portion that cooperates with the circumferential outer wall of the bushing and a second mounting portion that cooperates with the end side wall of the bushing, wherein the second mounting portion is provided with an annular oil collecting groove on the contact surface with the rotating shaft, and in addition, on the side of the oil collecting groove close to the bushing, the second mounting portion is provided with a first sealing ring through a first annular groove on the circumferential inner wall close to the rotating shaft.

3. The sliding bearing based on non-uniform discrete magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bushing is provided with a second sealing ring through a second annular groove on the contact surface with the second mounting portion, which is used to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking out from between the bushing and the bearing seat. In addition, the bushing is provided with a third sealing ring through a third annular groove on the contact surface with the end cover, which is used to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking out from the gap between the bushing and the end cover.

4. The sliding bearing based on non-uniform discrete magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end cover is provided with a limiting boss on the side in contact with the bearing seat, the circumferential outer wall of the limiting boss matches the circumferential inner wall of the first mounting portion, and the end face of the limiting boss abuts against the end of the bushing, so as to limit the bushing to abut against the inside of the bearing seat. In addition, a fourth sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the end cover and the rotating shaft through a fourth annular groove, and on this basis, an annular oil collecting groove is also provided on the side close to the bushing of the fourth sealing ring; In addition, the end cover is connected to the bearing seat by screws.

5. The sliding bearing based on non-uniform discrete magnetic field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end cover is also provided with an oil filling hole and an oil draining hole, and the oil filling hole is located above the rotating shaft and the oil draining hole is located below the rotating shaft. The oil filling hole is connected to the lubrication gap between the bushing and the rotating shaft through the first oil circuit to add magnetic liquid to the lubrication gap; the oil draining hole is connected to the two oil collecting tanks through the second oil circuit to discharge the overflowed oil before disassembling the sliding bearing; the oil filling hole and the oil draining hole are both provided with plugs.

6. The sliding bearing based on non-uniform discrete magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first oil circuit starts from the oil filling hole, passes through the end cover and the bushing in sequence, and is connected to the lubrication gap between the bushing and the rotating shaft, and is used to add magnetic liquid to the lubrication gap. In addition, a buffer groove is provided at the end of the first oil circuit, and the buffer groove is also located on the circumferential inner wall of the bushing; The second oil circuit starts from the oil drain hole and is connected to the oil collecting groove between the end cover and the rotating shaft. After the second oil circuit passes through the end cover, the bushing, and the bearing seat in sequence, it is also connected to the oil collecting groove between the bearing seat and the rotating shaft.

7. The sliding bearing based on non-uniform discrete magnetic field according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fifth sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the end cover and the bushing at a position where the first oil path passes through the contact surface, and is used to prevent the magnetic liquid from leaking out from between the end cover and the bushing when the magnetic liquid is added through the oil filling hole; On the contact surface between the end cover and the bushing, and the contact surface between the bushing and the bearing seat, a sixth sealing ring is provided at the position where the second oil circuit passes through the two contact surfaces, for preventing the overflow oil from seeping out from between the end cover and the bushing, and between the bushing and the bearing seat when the overflow oil is discharged through the oil drain hole.

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