Crankshaft straightness measuring device and method based on marine crankshaft forging

Abstract

The invention discloses a crankshaft straightness measuring device and method based on marine crankshaft forging, and relates to the technical field of shaft part straightness detection.The crankshaft straightness measuring device comprises a base arranged on the ground, a detecting assembly arranged on the inner side of a connecting frame, a connecting rod arranged on the upper portion of the connecting frame and a connecting rod arranged on the lower portion of the connecting frame, when straightness detection is carried out on a main journal and a connecting rod journal of a crankshaft, the detection assembly is attached to the main journal and the connecting rod journal, a medium is arranged in the detection assembly, the straightness of the crankshaft is determined according to the pressure change of the medium, and the detection assembly can change a detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The detection assembly and the driving device cooperate with the crankshaft at different angles to perform straightness detection. In the process of detecting the crankshaft, the straightness of the crankshaft is determined by detecting the state of the medium filled in the assembly, in the detection process, the main journal and the rod journal can be detected at the same time, and a detection tool does not need to be manually installed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of straightness detection of shaft parts, and in particular to a crankshaft straightness measurement device and method based on marine crankshaft forging. Background Art

[0002] The straightness produced during the crankshaft forging process is affected by the material properties and machining accuracy.

[0003] Crankshaft straightness usually refers to the straightness of the crankshaft main journal and connecting rod journal. Specifically, the key positions to be measured include: Main journal: The straightness of the main journal is crucial to the balance and stability of the crankshaft; Connecting rod journal: The straightness of the connecting rod journal affects the smooth operation and power transmission of the engine.

[0004] Announcement No. CN211425321U discloses a straightness detection device, including a base, on which are arranged two first detection needles and at least one second detection needle, the first detection needle and the second detection needle are located on a straight line; the second detection needle is slidably connected to the base, and the straightness detection device also includes elastic components that are equal to and one-to-one correspond to the second detection needles, one end of the elastic component is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the corresponding second detection needle, so as to apply a force to the second detection needle in the direction of the second detection needle head, so as to maintain the second detection needle extending outward to a degree exceeding the connecting line between the two first detection needle heads, and the excess degree is a set distance.

[0005] Announcement No. CN110319754B discloses a forging straightness inspection tool and a method for using the same. The forging straightness inspection tool comprises a base, a clamping mechanism, a detection mechanism and an auxiliary support mechanism. The base is provided with a vertically upward support frame (57). The clamping mechanism and the detection mechanism are movably connected to the support frame (57) in sequence from bottom to top. The auxiliary support mechanism is arranged on the base and movably connected to the base. The auxiliary support mechanism is provided with a movable support arc. The application uses the clamping mechanism and the auxiliary support mechanism to quickly detect the straightness of long shaft forgings such as crankshafts of various models and sizes.

[0006] Since the crankshaft is characterized by an asymmetric and irregular complex structure, and the straightness of the crankshaft is divided into the straightness of the main journal and the straightness of the connecting rod journal, and the existing straightness measurements are all manual measurements, such as the above two solutions for detecting straightness, which use a combination of multiple gauges to realize the detection of crankshaft straightness, and there is no direct connection between the gauge and the crankshaft. Therefore, the crankshaft straightness will be affected by the fitting position and deviation of the gauge, resulting in deviations in the final crankshaft straightness. Summary of the invention

[0007] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a crankshaft straightness measuring device and method based on marine crankshaft forging, which is used to detect the straightness of the main journal and the connecting rod journal, avoid being affected by the installation accuracy of the inspection fixture during the inspection process, and can perform synchronous inspection on the main journal and the connecting rod journal to ensure the accuracy of the inspection.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging, comprising: The base is placed on the ground, the crankshaft is located on the upper part of the base, the bottom of the base is set to be integrated or split according to the size of the crankshaft to be detected, the bottom of the base is equipped with support feet, the support feet are set at the four corners of the base, the support feet are equipped with pressure detection sensors to detect the pressure on the base, and the parallelism of the base is determined by the pressure; Also includes: A connecting frame is installed on the upper part of the base, the crankshaft is arranged inside the connecting frame and the axis of the crankshaft main journal is in the same straight line with the connecting frame, and a centering unit is arranged at both ends of the connecting frame, and the centering unit supports the crankshaft so that the connecting frame and the crankshaft main journal are coaxial; The drive device drives the crankshaft to rotate and adjust to different angles directly or through a centering unit; A detection component is arranged inside the connecting frame, and is fitted to the main journal and the connecting rod journal when performing straightness detection on the crankshaft main journal and the connecting rod journal. A medium is arranged inside the detection component, and the straightness of the crankshaft is determined according to the change of the medium pressure. The detection component can also change the detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The detection component cooperates with the driving device to perform straightness detection at different angles of the crankshaft; The connecting assembly is arranged between the connecting frame and the detection assembly, and is used to support the detection assembly to fit the main journal and the connecting rod journal and to adjust the position of the detection assembly when the crankshaft changes its angle.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the connecting frame is a split type, and the connecting frame is composed of a plurality of arc structures, the arc structures are plugged into each other through guide rods, and connection units marked with scales are arranged between the arc structures; The connecting unit includes a rotatable knob, an adjusting rod connecting adjacent arc structures, and a connecting piece connecting the knob and the adjusting rod. The knob drives the connecting piece to move, and the distance between adjacent arc knots is adjusted through the adjusting rod.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the centering unit includes at least three top frames arranged toward the crankshaft axis, the ends of the top frames are support members, and an adjustment ring is arranged on the outside of the top frames. The adjustment ring is coaxially arranged with the connecting frame, and the adjustment ring rotates to change the telescopic length of the top frame.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the detection component includes: The detection frame is installed on the outside of the connection component. A cavity is symmetrically arranged inside the detection frame. The cavity is bendable. The cavity bends to a fixed bending arc and angle. Changing the bending position of the cavity does not affect the medium pressure inside the cavity. The inner side of the support wheel is in contact with the cavity, and the cavity is located at the bend of the inner wall of the support wheel; A pressure detection sensor is arranged at both ends of the cavity to obtain the pressure change of the medium inside the cavity, and the pressure detection sensor can follow the movement of the cavity; The detection end is arranged between the cavities, and the detection end extends to the outside of the detection frame and contacts the main journal or the connecting rod journal. The longer the extension distance of the detection end is, the greater the extrusion force on the cavity is.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the detection component further comprises: The extension plate is telescopically arranged inside the detection frame, and a support frame is arranged outside the extension plate to improve the rigidity of the extension plate. The extension plate fits the detection frame, and the position where the detection frame fits the extension plate is set as an inclined surface, and the extension plate is bent at the inclined surface position; The electromagnetic component is arranged inside the detection frame. When powered on, the electromagnetic component pushes one end of the extension plate located inside the detection frame to move outward, thereby changing the extension range of the extension plate. The supporting wheel is arranged on the inner side of the extension plate, and the extension plate moves outward to drive the supporting wheel to change the bending position of the cavity.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic component includes: The electromagnet is fixed inside the detection frame, and the extension plate extends to one end of the electromagnet to set a magnetic column, and the magnetic columns are magnetically attracted to each other, and the position of the magnetic column is changed by the electromagnet; The card can be swingably set inside the detection frame. The card is used to support the extension plate and limit the extension plate. The middle part of the card is magnetically set. When the electromagnet pushes the extension plate outward by repelling the magnetic column, the card is in a supporting state for the extension plate. When the electromagnet magnetically attracts the magnetic column, the card is opened and does not contact the extension plate.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the detection end includes: The detection head is arranged between the cavities in a cone shape, a displacement sensor is arranged at one end of the detection head located inside the detection frame, and the detection head is inserted into the displacement sensor; The moving frame is slidably arranged inside the detection frame, the displacement sensor is installed inside the moving frame, and the detection head and the moving frame are supported by springs; The guide rail is installed on the outside of the detection frame, and a pulling structure is arranged in the middle of the guide rail for changing the position of the detection end.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the connection assembly includes: The mounting head is connected to the detection frame, a pressure chamber is arranged at one end of the mounting head away from the detection frame, a medium is filled in the pressure chamber, an electromagnetic plate is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the electromagnetic plate is fixed in the pressure chamber; The pressure plate is elastically arranged inside the pressure chamber. A magnetic sheet is arranged at the corresponding positions of the pressure plate and the electromagnetic plate. The electromagnetic plate and the magnetic sheet cooperate to change the medium pressure inside the pressure chamber. The change of the medium pressure changes the telescopic state of the installation head.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the connection component further comprises: A swing rod is slidably arranged inside the arc structure, an elastic belt is arranged between the swing rods for pulling the swing rods, a pulling belt is arranged outside the swing rods, and a servo motor is installed on the arc structure for winding the pulling belt; The swing rod is hinged to the pressure chamber, and the included angle formed between the swing rods changes to adjust the height position change of the pressure chamber.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for measuring crankshaft straightness, which is used for the above crankshaft straightness measuring device, and comprises the following steps: Assemble the connecting frame according to the number of main journals and connecting rod journals of the crankshaft to be tested; Adjust the distance between the connecting frames, install the main journals at both ends of the crankshaft on the inner side of the centering unit, and connect the drive device to the crankshaft; Adjust the position of the connecting frame and make it correspond to the main journal and connecting rod journal; The connection component adjusts the detection component to fit the main journal and the connecting rod journal, and the detection component adjusts the detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal; Testing components for straightness testing; The drive device changes the crankshaft angle to perform straightness checks on the main journal and connecting rod journal at multiple angles.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the process of detecting the crankshaft of the present invention, the straightness of the crankshaft is determined by detecting the state of the medium filled in the component. In the process of detecting, the main journal and the connecting rod journal can be detected simultaneously, and there is no need to manually install the inspection fixture, thereby avoiding the problem that the straightness detection of the crankshaft is affected by the error of the inspection fixture installation.

[0019] 2. By fitting the detection component to the journal surface, during use, the pressure change state inside the cavity is used to determine the straightness of the journal at different positions. The detection end moves on the journal surface, which will cause changes in the pressure detection sensor's detection value at different positions, further ensuring the accuracy of the journal surface straightness detection.

[0020] 3. The connecting component adjusts the position of the detection component according to the movement state of the crankshaft. During the crankshaft straightness detection process, the device will obtain the straightness of the crankshaft at multiple angles, and the position of the connecting rod journal will move to different positions when the crankshaft is adjusted to different angles. The connecting component is used to make the detection component and the journal in stable contact.

[0021] 4. Through the telescopic extension plate, the detection range can be adjusted according to the journal length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. When performing straightness detection, it can be applied to a larger journal range and the detection range can be automatically adjusted according to the journal length.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and part of them will become obvious from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a part of the connecting frame of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the centering unit of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a single arc structure of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the detection component and the connection component of the present invention Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the detection component of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection component of the present invention Figure 1 ; Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection component of the present invention Figure 2 ; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the detection end of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a plan view of the internal structure of the detection component of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection frame of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc structure of the present invention; Fig.15A bottom view showing the connection between the detection component and the connection component of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure chamber of the present invention; Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the pressing plate movement structure of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1 base, 2 connecting frame, 3 centering unit, 4 driving device, 5 detection component, 6 connecting component; 21 arc structure, 22 guide rod, 23 connecting unit: 231 knob, 232 adjustment rod, 233 connecting piece; 31 top frame, 32 support member, 33 adjustment ring; 51 detection frame, 52 cavity, 53 support wheel, 54 pressure detection sensor, 55 detection end, 56 extension plate, 57 support frame, 58 electromagnetic assembly; 551 detection head, 552 displacement sensor, 553 motion frame, 554 spring, 555 guide rail, 556 pulling structure; 581 electromagnet, 582 magnetic column, 583 card; 61 mounting head, 62 pressure chamber, 63 electromagnetic plate, 64 pressure plate, 65 swing rod, 66 elastic band, 67 pulling band, 68 servo motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will disclose multiple embodiments of the present invention with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of clear description, many practical details will be described together in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be used to limit the present invention. In other words, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are not necessary. And if it is possible to implement, the features of different embodiments can be applied interchangeably.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all words (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have their usual meanings, which can be understood by those familiar with this field. Furthermore, the definitions of the above words in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted in the content of this specification as consistent with the meanings of the relevant fields of the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly defined, these words will not be interpreted as idealized or overly formal meanings.

[0027] The following explains the relationships and terms used in the present invention: Parallelism: The parallelism defined in the present invention is not limited to absolute parallelism. This definition of parallelism can be understood as basic parallelism, which allows for non-absolute parallelism due to factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and influence of structural flatness. Small angular errors are allowed. For example, an assembly error range of less than 10 degrees can be understood as a parallel relationship.

[0028] Vertical: The verticality defined in the present invention is not limited to an absolute vertical intersection (angle of 90 degrees). It allows for non-absolute vertical intersections caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and influence of structural flatness. It also allows for errors in a small angle range. For example, the assembly error range of 80 to 100 degrees can be understood as a vertical relationship.

[0029] Ground: The ground defined in the present invention is not limited to a certain material or region, but only a platform for carrying the present invention, and stacking, tilting, and flatness changes are allowed. For example, cement ground, tile ground, work platform, etc. can all be interpreted as ground.

[0030] The above explanation does not completely include the relationship definitions given in the present invention, but only represents a part of the present invention.

[0031] The invention provides a crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging, which is used for detecting the straightness of a main journal and a connecting rod journal in a crankshaft, thereby avoiding the accuracy problem between a gauge and a crankshaft caused by manual installation of a gauge, and improving the efficiency of crankshaft straightness detection.

[0032] See also Figure 1-2 As shown, in one embodiment, the measuring device includes: The base 1 is placed on the ground, the crankshaft is located on the upper part of the base 1, and the bottom of the base 1 is set to be integrated or split according to the size of the crankshaft to be detected. The bottom of the base 1 is equipped with supporting feet, which are arranged at the four corners of the base 1. The supporting feet are equipped with pressure detection sensors 54 to detect the pressure on the base 1, and determine the parallelism of the base 1 through the pressure; Also includes: A connecting frame 2 is installed on the upper part of the base 1. The crankshaft is arranged inside the connecting frame 2 and the axis of the crankshaft main journal is in the same straight line with the connecting frame 2. Centering units 3 are arranged at both ends of the connecting frame 2. The centering units 3 support the crankshaft so that the connecting frame 2 and the crankshaft main journal are coaxial. The driving device 4 drives the crankshaft to rotate and adjust to different angles directly or through the centering unit 3.

[0033] The detection component 5 is arranged inside the connecting frame 2, and is fitted to the main journal and the connecting rod journal when the straightness of the crankshaft main journal and the connecting rod journal is detected. A medium is arranged inside the detection component 5 and the straightness of the crankshaft is determined according to the change of the medium pressure. The detection component 5 can also change the detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The detection component 5 cooperates with the driving device 4 to perform straightness detection at different angles of the crankshaft; The connecting assembly 6 is arranged between the connecting frame 2 and the detection assembly 5. The connecting assembly 6 is used to support the detection assembly 5 to fit the main journal and the connecting rod journal and adjust the position of the detection assembly 5 when the crankshaft changes its angle.

[0034] In one practicable manner, the existing crankshafts are all fixed when performing straightness testing, that is, the position of the crankshaft will not be adjusted when performing straightness testing on the crankshaft, and only one position of the crankshaft is tested, so that relatively complete straightness data cannot be obtained.

[0035] Among them, by using the medium pressure change set inside the detection component 5 to perform straightness detection, the straightness change within the range of one end can be obtained, and a larger straightness change detection range can be obtained. In the process of detection, corresponding adjustments can be made according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal, so that the measuring device can be applicable to a larger main journal and connecting rod journal range.

[0036] During the crankshaft straightness detection process, the crankshaft will adjust its angular position. In order to ensure that the detection component 5 can stably contact the outer surface of the connecting rod journal when the connecting rod journal rotates, the connecting component 6 will determine the swing state of the connecting rod journal while supporting the detection component 5 to ensure stable contact with the connecting rod journal.

[0037] See also Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the connecting frame 2 is a split type, and the connecting frame 2 is composed of a plurality of arc structures 21, the arc structures 21 are plugged into each other through guide rods 22, and connection units 23 marked with scales are arranged between the arc structures 21; The connecting unit 23 includes a rotatable knob 231, an adjusting rod 232 connecting adjacent arc structures 21, and a connecting member 233 connecting the knob 231 and the adjusting rod 232. The knob 231 drives the connecting member 233 to move, and the adjusting rod 232 is used to adjust the spacing distance between adjacent arc nodes.

[0038] Optionally, the knob 231 is a bidirectional threaded sleeve, the connecting piece 233 is a thread set at one end of the adjusting rod 232, the adjusting rod 232, the thread and the threaded sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the threaded sleeve rotates to change the outward extension length of the adjusting rod 232, and the scale position adjusts the outer wall of the rod 232.

[0039] Alternatively, the connecting member 233 is a splint hinged on the end of the adjusting rod 232 away from the arc structure 21, and a hollow rhombus block is arranged on the outer side of the splint, which is sleeved on the outer side of the adjusting rod 232 and used to wrap the splint. The knob 231 passes through the rhombus block, and a two-way thread is arranged at a position inside the rhombus block. The outer side of the two-way thread is sleeved on the clamping block, and the splint is located inside the recess of the clamping block and changes its angle according to the clamping block. The change in angle of the splint drives the adjusting rod 232 to extend and retract.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the arc structure 21 is a disconnected mounting ring, the connecting assembly 6 is located on the inner side of the mounting ring, and each mounting ring corresponds to a main journal or connecting rod journal, and the guide rod 22 and the adjusting rod 232 are set as a detachable connection method, which can be freely combined when detecting different numbers of main journals and connecting rod journals.

[0041] See also Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the centering unit 3 includes at least three top frames 31 arranged toward the crankshaft axis, the ends of the top frames 31 are support members 32, and an adjustment ring 33 is arranged on the outside of the top frames 31. The adjustment ring 33 is coaxially arranged with the connecting frame 2, and the adjustment ring 33 rotates to change the telescopic length of the top frame 31.

[0042] In one feasible manner, an arc block is disposed on the inner side of the adjusting ring 33 with the same number as the top frame 31, a rotatable elastic roller is disposed on the inner side of the arc block, an arc groove is correspondingly disposed on the top frame 31, and the top frame 31 is connected to the connecting frame 2 via a tension spring. The adjusting ring 33 rotates to change the telescopic length of the top frame 31 by utilizing the arc block. Under the action of the tension spring, the top frame 31 squeezes the elastic roller, thereby increasing the friction of the elastic roller and ensuring the stability of the adjusting ring 33.

[0043] Optionally, the support member 32 is a wheel body, the wheel body contacts the surface of the crankshaft, and the driving device 4 is connected to one end of the crankshaft to drive the crankshaft to rotate.

[0044] See also Figure 5-9 as well as Figure 11-13 As shown, in one embodiment, the detection component 5 includes: The detection frame 51 is installed outside the connection assembly 6. A cavity 52 is symmetrically arranged inside the detection frame 51. The cavity 52 is bendable. The cavity 52 is bent to a fixed bending arc and angle. Changing the bending position of the cavity 52 does not affect the medium pressure inside the cavity 52. The inner side of the support wheel 53 is in contact with the cavity 52, and the cavity 52 is located at the bend of the inner wall of the support wheel 53; A pressure detection sensor 54 is disposed at both ends of the cavity 52 to obtain the pressure change of the medium inside the cavity 52. ​​The pressure detection sensor 54 can move with the cavity 52; The detection end 55 is disposed between the cavities 52 . The detection end 55 extends toward the outside of the detection frame 51 and contacts the main journal or the connecting rod journal. The longer the extension distance of the detection end 55 is, the greater the squeezing force on the cavity 52 is.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the support wheel 53 is configured to limit the bending angle of the cavity 52. ​​Therefore, when the bending position of the cavity 52 changes, the bending state of the cavity 52 is consistent. Therefore, the medium pressure inside the cavity 52 will not change, and when the pressure detection sensor 54 performs pressure detection on the inside of the cavity 52 to determine the straightness, it can be more accurate.

[0046] Since the outward extension length of the detection end 55 corresponds to the different extrusion pressures applied to the cavity 52, the pressure inside the cavity 52 detected by the pressure detection sensor 54 is also different. The surface straightness state of the crankshaft is determined based on the pressure change state detected by the pressure detection sensor 54.

[0047] See also Figure 11-12 As shown, in one embodiment, the detection component 5 further includes: The extension plate 56 is telescopically arranged inside the detection frame 51, and a support frame 57 is arranged outside the extension plate 56 to improve the rigidity of the extension plate 56. The extension plate 56 is attached to the detection frame 51, and the position where the detection frame 51 is attached to the extension plate 56 is set as an inclined surface, and the extension plate 56 is bent at the inclined surface position; The electromagnetic assembly 58 is disposed inside the detection frame 51. When powered on, the electromagnetic assembly 58 pushes one end of the extension plate 56 located inside the detection frame 51 to move outward, thereby changing the extension range of the extension plate 56. The support wheel 53 is disposed inside the extension plate 56 , and the extension plate 56 moves outward to drive the support wheel 53 to change the bending position of the cavity 52 .

[0048] In one practicable manner, the provision of the extension plate 56 enables the detection assembly 5 to obtain a larger detection range, which is suitable for the straightness detection of the crankshaft main journal and connecting rod journal of different specifications, and the extension plate 56 changes the position of the support wheel 53 during the movement, and the support wheel 53 changes the bending position of the cavity 52, and the end of the cavity 52 located inside the detection frame 51 drives the pressure detection sensor 54 to move. In addition, the end of the cavity 52 located inside the detection frame 51 can be adjusted in position by the extension plate 56.

[0049] The arrangement of the electromagnetic assembly 58 can change the length of the extension plate 56 during use, thereby controlling the coverage of the cavity 52 without manual adjustment.

[0050] See also Figure 8-9 as well as Fig.11 As shown, in one embodiment, the electromagnetic assembly 58 includes: The electromagnet 581 is fixed inside the detection frame 51. The extension plate 56 extends to one end of the electromagnet 581 to set a magnetic column 582. The magnetic columns 582 are attracted to each other, and the position of the magnetic column 582 is changed by the electromagnet 581. Card 583 is swingably arranged inside the detection frame 51. Card 583 is used to support the extension plate 56 and limit the extension plate 56. The middle part of card 583 is magnetically arranged. When the electromagnet 581 pushes the extension plate 56 outward by repelling the magnetic column 582, the card 583 is in a supporting state for the extension plate 56. When the electromagnet 581 magnetically attracts the magnetic column 582, the card 583 is opened and does not contact the extension plate 56.

[0051] In one feasible manner, a limiting groove is provided in the middle portion of the extension plate 56 for cooperating with the card 583 to form a limiting groove for limiting the extension plate 56. The limiting groove is triangular in shape. When the electromagnet 581 repels the magnetic column 582 and pushes the extension plate 56 outward, the card 583 cooperates with the limiting groove to prevent the extension plate 56 from retracting. When the electromagnet 581 magnetically attracts the magnetic column 582, the card 583 opens, allowing the extension plate 56 to retract stably.

[0052] The extension plate 56 is bendable, and the support frame 57 is telescopically installed inside the detection frame 51. The extension plate 56 extends outward and is restricted to be a flat plate by the support frame 57. The extension plate 56 extends outward and drives the support frame 57 to extend outward. The end of the extension plate 56 extending outward is fixedly connected to the support frame 57. When the extension plate 56 retracts, it can drive the support frame 57 to retract.

[0053] See also Figure 7 as well as Figure 9-10 As shown, in one embodiment, the detection end 55 includes: The detection head 551 is conically arranged between the cavities 52 , and a displacement sensor 552 is arranged at one end of the detection head 551 located inside the detection frame 51 , and the detection head 551 is inserted into the displacement sensor 552 ; The moving frame 553 is slidably disposed inside the detection frame 51, the displacement sensor 552 is installed inside the moving frame 553, and the detection head 551 and the moving frame 553 are supported by a spring 554; The guide rail 555 is installed on the outside of the detection frame 51 , and a pulling structure 556 is provided in the middle of the guide rail 555 for changing the position of the detection end 55 .

[0054] In one practicable manner, the pulling structure 556 is connected to the moving frame 553 , and under the pulling of the pulling structure 556 , the moving frame 553 slides and changes its position, and when it moves to the side of the main journal and the connecting rod journal, its position is restricted by the crankshaft.

[0055] Among them, the pulling structure 556 is set as a pulling rope, and a motor is configured at one end of the pulling rope to control the pulling rope, so as to change the position of the moving frame 553. During the movement of the moving frame 553, the detection head 551 slides on the outer surface of the main journal or the connecting rod journal to detect the flatness of the crankshaft.

[0056] See also Figure 13-16 As shown, in one embodiment, the connection component 6 includes: The mounting head 61 is connected to the detection frame 51. A pressure chamber 62 is arranged at one end of the mounting head 61 away from the detection frame 51. The pressure chamber 62 is filled with a medium. An electromagnetic plate 63 is arranged inside the pressure chamber 62. The electromagnetic plate 63 is fixed inside the pressure chamber 62. The pressure plate 64 is elastically arranged inside the pressure chamber 62 . A magnetic sheet is arranged at the corresponding positions of the pressure plate 64 and the electromagnetic plate 63 . The electromagnetic plate 63 cooperates with the magnetic sheet to change the medium pressure inside the pressure chamber 62 . The change of the medium pressure changes the telescopic state of the mounting head 61 .

[0057] In one feasible method, the detection frame 51 is installed on the outside of the mounting head 61, and the mounting head 61 is used to control the detection frame 51 to contact the main journal and connecting rod journal to be inspected. When the sizes of the main journals are different, it can also ensure that the detection component 5 stably fits the position to be inspected, thereby ensuring the stability of the position to be inspected.

[0058] See also Figure 13-14 As shown, in one embodiment, the connection component 6 further includes: The swing rod 65 is slidably arranged inside the arc structure 21, an elastic belt 66 is arranged between the swing rods 65 for pulling the swing rod 65, a pulling belt 67 is arranged outside the swing rod 65, and a servo motor 68 is installed on the arc structure 21 for winding the pulling belt 67; The swing rod 65 is hinged to the pressure chamber 62 , and the included angle formed between the swing rods 65 changes to adjust the height position change of the pressure chamber 62 .

[0059] In one feasible method, the setting of the swing arm 65 corresponds to the position of the connecting rod journal when performing straightness detection. Since the position of the connecting rod journal changes greatly when the crankshaft rotates, the detection component 5 used to detect the straightness of the connecting rod journal is changed by changing the angle and position of the swing arm 65 to stably fit the connecting rod journal.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for measuring crankshaft straightness, which is used for the above crankshaft straightness measuring device, and comprises the following steps: Assemble the connecting frame 2 according to the number of main journals and connecting rod journals of the crankshaft to be tested; Adjust the distance between the connecting frame 2, install the main journals at both ends of the crankshaft on the inner side of the centering unit 3, and connect the drive device 4 to the crankshaft; Adjust the position of the connecting frame 2 to correspond to the main journal and connecting rod journal; The connecting component 6 adjusts the detection component 5 to fit the main journal and the connecting rod journal, and the detection component adjusts the detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal; The detection component 5 performs straightness detection; The driving device 4 changes the crankshaft angle to perform straightness control on the main journal and the connecting rod journal at multiple angles.

[0061] Although the present invention is disclosed in conjunction with the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the definition of the attached claims.

Claims

1. A crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging, comprising: The base (1) is placed on the ground, the crankshaft is located on the upper part of the base (1), the bottom of the base (1) is arranged in one piece or in two pieces according to the size of the crankshaft to be detected, the bottom of the base (1) is provided with supporting feet, the supporting feet are arranged at the four corners of the base (1), the supporting feet are provided with pressure detection sensors (54) to detect the pressure applied to the base (1), and the parallelism of the base (1) is determined by the pressure; the method further comprises: A connecting frame (2) is mounted on the upper part of the base (1); the crankshaft is arranged inside the connecting frame (2) and the axis of the crankshaft main journal is in the same straight line as the connecting frame (2); centering units (3) are arranged at both ends of the connecting frame (2); the centering units (3) support the crankshaft so that the connecting frame (2) and the crankshaft main journal are coaxial; A driving device (4) drives the crankshaft to rotate and adjust to different angles directly or through a centering unit (3); A detection component (5) is arranged on the inner side of the connecting frame (2) and is fitted to the main journal and the connecting rod journal when performing a straightness detection on the crankshaft main journal and the connecting rod journal. A medium is arranged inside the detection component (5) and the straightness of the crankshaft is determined according to a change in the medium pressure. The detection component (5) can also change the detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The detection component (5) cooperates with the drive device (4) to perform straightness detection at different angles of the crankshaft. A connecting assembly (6) is arranged between the connecting frame (2) and the detection assembly (5), and is used to support the detection assembly (5) to fit the main journal and the connecting rod journal and to adjust the position of the detection assembly (5) when the crankshaft changes angle.

2. A crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting frame (2) is a split type arrangement, and is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped structures (21). The arc-shaped structures (21) are plugged into each other via guide rods (22), and connection units (23) marked with scales are arranged between the arc-shaped structures (21); The connection unit (23) comprises a rotatable knob (231), an adjustment rod (232) connecting adjacent arc-shaped structures (21), and a connecting piece (233) connecting the knob (231) and the adjustment rod (232); the knob (231) drives the connecting piece (233) to move, and the adjustment rod (232) is used to adjust the spacing distance between adjacent arc-shaped knots.

3. A crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centering unit (3) comprises at least three top frames (31) arranged toward the crankshaft axis, the ends of the top frames (31) are support members (32), an adjustment ring (33) is arranged outside the top frames (31), the adjustment ring (33) is arranged coaxially with the connecting frame (2), and the adjustment ring (33) rotates to change the telescopic length of the top frames (31).

4. A crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection component (5) includes: A detection frame (51) is installed on the outside of the connection assembly (6), and a cavity (52) is symmetrically arranged inside the detection frame (51). The cavity (52) is bendable, and the cavity (52) is bent to a fixed bending arc and angle. Changing the bending position of the cavity (52) does not affect the pressure of the medium inside the cavity (52); The inner side of the support wheel (53) is in contact with the cavity (52), and the cavity (52) is located at the inner side wall bend of the support wheel (53); A pressure detection sensor (54) is arranged at both ends of the cavity (52) to obtain a pressure change of a medium inside the cavity (52), and the pressure detection sensor (54) is capable of moving with the cavity (52); The detection end (55) is arranged between the cavities (52), and the detection end (55) extends toward the outside of the detection frame (51) and contacts the main journal or the connecting rod journal. The longer the extension distance of the detection end (55), the greater the squeezing force on the cavity (52).

5. The crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The detection component (5) further comprises: An extension plate (56) is telescopically arranged inside the detection frame (51); a support frame (57) is arranged outside the extension plate (56) to improve the rigidity of the extension plate (56); the extension plate (56) is attached to the detection frame (51); the position where the detection frame (51) is attached to the extension plate (56) is an inclined surface; and the extension plate (56) is bent at the inclined surface position; An electromagnetic component (58) is arranged inside the detection frame (51), and when energized, the electromagnetic component (58) pushes one end of the extension plate (56) located inside the detection frame (51) to move outward, thereby changing the extension range of the extension plate (56); The support wheel (53) is arranged on the inner side of the extension plate (56), and the extension plate (56) moves outward to drive the support wheel (53) to change the bending position of the cavity (52).

6. The crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electromagnetic assembly (58) comprises: The electromagnet (581) is fixed inside the detection frame (51), and the extension plate (56) extends to one end of the electromagnet (581) to provide a magnetic column (582), and the magnetic columns (582) are mutually attracted to each other, and the position of the magnetic column (582) is changed by the electromagnet (581); The card (583) is swingably arranged inside the detection frame (51). The card (583) is used to support the extension plate (56) and limit the extension plate (56). The middle part of the card (583) is magnetically arranged. When the electromagnet (581) pushes the extension plate (56) outward by repelling the magnetic column (582), the card (583) is in a supporting state for the extension plate (56). When the electromagnet (581) magnetically attracts the magnetic column (582), the card (583) is opened and does not contact the extension plate (56).

7. The crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The detection end (55) comprises: The detection head (551) is arranged in a cone shape between the cavities (52); a displacement sensor (552) is arranged at one end of the detection head (551) located inside the detection frame (51); and the detection head (551) is inserted into the displacement sensor (552); A moving frame (553) is slidably disposed inside the detection frame (51), a displacement sensor (552) is installed inside the moving frame (553), and the detection head (551) and the moving frame (553) are supported by a spring (554); The guide rail (555) is installed on the outside of the detection frame (51), and a pulling structure (556) is provided in the middle of the guide rail (555) for changing the position of the detection end (55).

8. The crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection component (6) comprises: A mounting head (61) is connected to the detection frame (51); a pressure chamber (62) is provided at one end of the mounting head (61) facing away from the detection frame (51); a medium is filled in the pressure chamber (62); an electromagnetic plate (63) is provided in the pressure chamber (62); and the electromagnetic plate (63) is fixed in the pressure chamber (62); The pressure plate (64) is elastically arranged inside the pressure chamber (62), and a magnetic sheet is arranged at corresponding positions of the pressure plate (64) and the electromagnetic plate (63). The electromagnetic plate (63) cooperates with the magnetic sheet to change the medium pressure inside the pressure chamber (62), and the change in the medium pressure changes the telescopic state of the mounting head (61).

9. The crankshaft straightness measuring device based on marine crankshaft forging according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connection component (6) further comprises: A swing rod (65) is slidably arranged inside the arc structure (21), an elastic band (66) is arranged between the swing rods (65) for pulling the swing rods (65), a pulling band (67) is arranged outside the swing rods (65), and a servo motor (68) is installed on the arc structure (21) for winding the pulling band (67); The swing rod (65) is hinged to the pressure chamber (62), and the included angle formed between the swing rods (65) is changed to adjust the height position of the pressure chamber (62).

10. A crankshaft straightness measurement method, used in the crankshaft straightness measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Assembling the connecting frame (2) according to the number of main journals and connecting rod journals of the crankshaft to be tested; The spacing of the connecting frame (2) is adjusted, the main journals at both ends of the crankshaft are installed on the inner side of the centering unit (3), and the driving device (4) is connected to the crankshaft; Adjust the position of the connecting frame (2) to correspond to the main journal and the connecting rod journal; The connecting component (6) adjusts the detection component (5) to fit the main journal and the connecting rod journal, and the detection component adjusts the detection area according to the length of the main journal and the connecting rod journal; The detection component (5) performs straightness detection; The driving device (4) changes the crankshaft angle to perform straightness test on the main journal and the connecting rod journal at multiple angles.

Images