Driving device based on electro-optical crystal optical switch and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber delay lines. The embodiment of the invention provides a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch, which comprises a power supply unit, a driving control unit and an optical switch unit, the power supply unit is used for providing a stable power supply for the driving control unit and the optical switch unit, and the driving control unit comprises an optical switch driving module and a control signal input end. The control signal input end is connected with the optical switch driving module; the optical switch unit comprises an optical fiber collimator, a plurality of birefringent crystal groups, a plurality of lambda / 2 slide group components, a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, a plurality of beam splitting prisms, a plurality of birefringent crystal combination units, a roof prism, a double-optical fiber collimator and a photoelectric detector connected with the plurality of beam splitting prisms which are connected in sequence. The technical problems that the driving voltage of an electro-optical switch in the prior art is extremely high, and a protection structure for the characteristic is lacked are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber delay lines, and in particular relates to a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fiber optic delay line is a new type of optical signal processing equipment, and its main function is to realize the delay control of the signal. As the fiber optic delay simulator has many advantages such as small size, light weight, high bandwidth, extremely low loss, anti-electromagnetic interference and delay independent of frequency (true delay), it has replaced a large number of traditional bulky and poor performance metal waveguide and coaxial cable delay lines, and is widely used in phased array radar systems for beam forming, which can flexibly realize accurate scanning of specific azimuth angles. This true delay technology can overcome the beam deflection phenomenon caused by the aperture effect of traditional phased array radars; in electronic countermeasures, delay control of enemy radar signals can disrupt the enemy's correct judgment of war information; the use of optical delay simulators in the military can simulate long-distance communication; in addition, it is also used in optical communication systems to realize the delay storage function of signals. Precisely because fiber optic delay lines are so widely used, it is of great practical significance to study digitally controlled fiber optic delay devices with different uses, high delay accuracy and flexible delay control capabilities. Optical switches are mainly responsible for the exchange of optical paths, requiring high isolation, fast switching speed and good repeatability.

[0003] The prior art has at least the following problems during use:

[0004] The driving voltage of the electro-optical switch is extremely high, and there is a lack of protection structure for this characteristic. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch and a working method thereof, which are used to solve the technical problem that the driving voltage of the electro-optical switch in the prior art is extremely high and there is a lack of a protective structure for this characteristic.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch, comprising: a power supply unit, a driving control unit, and an optical switch unit, wherein the power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the driving control unit and the optical switch unit, the driving control unit comprises an optical switch driving module and a control signal input terminal, and the control signal input terminal is connected to the optical switch driving module; the optical switch unit comprises an optical fiber collimator, a plurality of birefringent crystal groups, a plurality of λ / 2 glass plate group components, a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, a plurality of beam splitting prisms, a plurality of birefringent crystal combination units, a roof prism, a dual optical fiber collimator, and a plurality of beam splitting prisms connected in sequence. The optical switch driving module is connected to the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups and is used to apply a driving voltage to the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups to change the propagation path of light in the optical switch unit. The multiple birefringent crystal groups, the multiple λ / 2 glass plate group components, and the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups work together to achieve optical path switching. The multiple beam splitting prisms are used to split part of the light to the photodetector. The multiple birefringent crystal combination units are used to adjust and synthesize the polarization state of the processed light. The roof prism is used to change the propagation direction of the light so that the light is output from the dual-fiber collimator.

[0008] Furthermore, the power supply unit includes an anti-reverse connection module, an anti-surge module, a short-circuit protection module and a boost module which are connected in sequence. The anti-reverse connection module is used to prevent the external power supply from being reversed in polarity. The anti-surge module is used to suppress external power surges. The short-circuit protection module is used to monitor and protect internal circuit short circuits. The boost module is used to convert the input low-voltage DC power supply into high-voltage DC power that meets the electro-optical crystal driving requirements.

[0009] Furthermore, the optical switch driving module is connected to the output end of the power supply unit, and the optical switch driving module includes a high-voltage protection circuit and a high-speed DC analog switch, which is used to receive a control signal and control the voltage applied to the electro-optical crystal according to the control signal to realize the optical path switching function of the optical switch, and the optical switch driving module can generate a stable output waveform, have a high voltage slew rate and a fast control signal response capability.

[0010] Furthermore, the plurality of birefringent crystal groups include at least two birefringent crystals, each of which performs a specific change on the polarization state of light in the optical path to cooperate with subsequent components to achieve optical path switching.

[0011] Furthermore, the plurality of λ / 2 glass slide assembly components include a plurality of λ / 2 glass slides having different angles between the optical axis direction and the horizontal direction, which are used to change the polarization direction of light passing therethrough to assist in adjusting the polarization state of light during the optical path switching process.

[0012] Furthermore, the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups include at least two transparent ferroelectric ceramics, which change the polarization direction of light according to the voltage state applied by the optical switch driving module under different optical path switching requirements to achieve optical path switching, and the dual-fiber collimator has a first output port and a second output port.

[0013] A working method of a driving device according to the above driving device comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1, power conversion, the input low-voltage DC power passes through the anti-reverse connection module, the anti-surge module, the short-circuit protection module and the boost module in sequence, is converted into high-voltage DC power and output to the optical switch driving module;

[0015] S2, switch driving, a control signal is input to the optical switch driving module, and the optical switch driving module controls the voltage applied to each transparent ferroelectric ceramic in the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups according to the control signal;

[0016] S3, monitoring feedback. During the optical path switching process, part of the light split by the multiple beam splitting prisms is received by the photodetector and converted into an electrical signal, which is fed back to the optical switch driving module. The optical switch driving module monitors and adjusts the voltage applied to the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups according to the feedback signal to ensure stable operation of the optical switch.

[0017] Furthermore, the S2 further comprises the following steps:

[0018] S21, when the control signal indicates the first optical path state, the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic is not applied with voltage and the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic is applied with voltage, and the light passes through the optical fiber collimator, multiple birefringent crystal groups, multiple λ / 2 glass group components, multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, multiple beam splitting prisms, multiple birefringent crystal combination units, and the roof prism, and then is output from the first output port of the dual optical fiber collimator;

[0019] S22, when the control signal indicates the second optical path state, a half-wave voltage is applied to the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic and no voltage is applied to the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic, and light is output from the second output port of the dual-fiber collimator.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, when the boost module increases the voltage of the low-voltage DC power supply to a high-voltage DC power supply greater than or equal to 300V, the anti-reverse connection module continuously monitors the polarity of the power supply, the anti-surge module suppresses surges in real time, and the short-circuit protection module continuously monitors the circuit.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, the high-voltage protection module in the optical switch driving module activates the protection mechanism when the voltage rises abnormally, and the high-speed DC analog switch completes the switching operation of the voltages of multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups in a very short time after receiving the control signal, so as to realize fast and accurate optical path switching function.

[0022] The present invention provides a driving device and working method based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The voltage is filtered and stabilized by the power supply unit arranged in the driving device, and the input of the photoelectric switch unit and the power supply unit is coordinated and controlled by the driving control unit, so as to protect the photoelectric switch unit, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device during overall use and thus increasing its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an optical switch unit of a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flowchart of a working method of a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1-fiber collimator; 2-first birefringent crystal; 3-first λ / 2 glass group; 4-first transparent ferroelectric ceramic; 5-second λ / 2 glass group; 6-second birefringent crystal; 7-third λ / 2 glass group; 8-second transparent ferroelectric ceramic; 9-beam splitting prism; 10-fourth λ / 2 glass group; 11-third birefringent crystal; 12-photodetector; 13-roof prism; 14-dual fiber collimator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be welding, bolt connection, or riveting; it can be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Example:

[0033] based on Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch, comprising: a power supply unit, a driving control unit, and an optical switch unit, wherein the power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the driving control unit and the optical switch unit, the driving control unit comprises an optical switch driving module and a control signal input terminal, and the control signal input terminal is connected to the optical switch driving module; the optical switch unit comprises an optical fiber collimator 1, a plurality of birefringent crystal groups, a plurality of λ / 2 glass plate group components, a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, a plurality of beam splitting prisms 9, a plurality of birefringent crystal combination units, a roof prism 13 and a dual optical fiber collimator 14, and A photodetector 12 connected to a plurality of beam splitting prisms 9, an optical switch driving module connected to a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, for applying a driving voltage to the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups to change the propagation path of light in the optical switch unit, a plurality of birefringent crystal groups, a plurality of λ / 2 glass plate group components, and a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups work together to achieve optical path switching, a plurality of beam splitting prisms 9 are used to separate part of the light to the photodetector 12, a plurality of birefringent crystal combination units are used to adjust and synthesize the polarization state of the processed light, and a roof prism 13 is used to change the propagation direction of the light so that the light is output from the dual-fiber collimator 14.

[0034] Further, in some implementations of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of birefringent crystal groups include: a first birefringent crystal 2, a second birefringent crystal 6, a third birefringent crystal 11, and a fourth birefringent crystal; a plurality of λ / 2 glass plate group components include: a first λ / 2 glass plate group 3, a second λ / 2 glass plate group 5, a third λ / 2 glass plate group 7, and a fourth λ / 2 glass plate group 10; a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups include: a first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4, and a second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8. The power supply unit includes an anti-reverse connection module, an anti-surge module, a short-circuit protection module, and a boost module connected in sequence. The anti-reverse connection module is used to prevent the external power supply from being reversed in polarity, the anti-surge module is used to suppress external power supply surges, the short-circuit protection module is used to monitor and protect the internal circuit from short circuits, and the boost module is used to convert the input low-voltage DC power supply into a high-voltage DC power supply that meets the driving requirements of the electro-optical crystal;

[0035] An installation structure of a power-off switch unit is arranged in sequence as a fiber collimator 1, a composite unit consisting of a first birefringent crystal and a first λ / 2 glass plate group 3, a first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4, a second λ / 2 glass plate group 5 and a composite unit consisting of a second birefringent crystal 6 and a third λ / 2 glass plate group 7, a second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8, a plurality of beam splitting prisms 9, a composite unit consisting of a fourth λ / 2 glass plate group 10 and a third birefringent crystal 11, a roof prism 13, and a dual fiber collimator 14, and a photodetector 12 is arranged on the beam splitting prism 9.

[0036] Further, in some implementations of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optical switch driving module is connected to the output end of the power supply unit. The optical switch driving module includes a high-voltage protection circuit and a high-speed DC analog switch, which is used to receive a control signal and control the voltage applied to the electro-optical crystal according to the control signal to realize the optical path switching function of the optical switch. The optical switch driving module can generate a stable output waveform, has a high voltage slew rate and a fast control signal response capability.

[0037] Further, in some implementations of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the plurality of birefringent crystal groups include at least two birefringent crystals, each of which performs a specific change on the polarization state of light in the optical path to cooperate with subsequent components to achieve optical path switching.

[0038] Further, in some implementations of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multiple λ / 2 glass plate assembly includes multiple λ / 2 glass plates with different angles between the optical axis direction and the horizontal direction, which are used to change the polarization direction of the light passing therethrough to assist in adjusting the polarization state of the light during the optical path switching process.

[0039] Further, in some implementations of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups include at least two transparent ferroelectric ceramics. Under different optical path switching requirements, the polarization direction of light is changed according to the voltage state applied by the optical switch driving module to achieve optical path switching, and the dual-fiber collimator 14 has a first output port and a second output port.

[0040] According to the above-mentioned driving device based on the electro-optical crystal optical switch, this embodiment also provides a working method of the driving device, such as Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0041] S1, power conversion, the input low-voltage DC power passes through the anti-reverse connection module, the anti-surge module, the short-circuit protection module and the boost module in turn, and is converted into high-voltage DC power and output to the optical switch drive module;

[0042] S2, switch driving, the control signal is input to the optical switch driving module, and the optical switch driving module controls the voltage applied to each transparent ferroelectric ceramic in the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups according to the control signal;

[0043] S3, monitoring feedback. During the optical path switching process, part of the light split by the multiple beam splitting prisms 9 is received by the photodetector 12 and converted into an electrical signal, which is fed back to the optical switch driving module. The optical switch driving module monitors and adjusts the voltage applied to the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups according to the feedback signal to ensure stable operation of the optical switch.

[0044] In this embodiment, in the power conversion step, anti-reverse connection processing: the external low-voltage DC power supply is connected to the anti-reverse connection module of the power supply unit. The anti-reverse connection module ensures that the current can only flow into the subsequent modules in the correct direction through a specific diode or other circuit component combination to prevent the reverse connection of the power supply from damaging the entire system; anti-surge processing: the power supply after the anti-reverse connection module enters the anti-surge module. The anti-surge module uses components such as varistors and transient suppression diodes to suppress possible surge voltages and limit them to a safe range, thereby protecting subsequent circuit components from instantaneous high-voltage shocks; short-circuit protection: from the anti-surge module The output power enters the short-circuit protection module, which monitors the current in real time. When an abnormal increase in current is detected, such as a short circuit, the circuit is quickly cut off to avoid dangerous situations such as overheating and fire caused by the short circuit, thereby ensuring system safety; Boost conversion: The low-voltage DC power supply after the short-circuit protection module enters the boost module. The boost module adopts switching power supply technology or other boost topology structures, such as the boost boost circuit, to convert the low-voltage DC power supply into high-voltage DC power by controlling the conduction and shutdown of the switch tube, and output it to the optical switch driver module to meet the optical switch driver module's demand for high-voltage power.

[0045] In the monitoring and feedback step, optical signal collection: during the optical path switching process, multiple beam splitting prisms 9 separate a portion of the light, and this portion of light is received by the photodetector 12. The photodetector 12 converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal based on the photoelectric effect. The size of the electrical signal is related to the intensity of the light and other characteristics. Signal feedback: The electrical signal converted by the photodetector 12 is transmitted to the feedback circuit, and the feedback circuit amplifies and filters the electrical signal to remove noise interference, etc., and then transmits the processed feedback signal to the optical switch drive module. Voltage monitoring and adjustment: After the optical switch drive module receives the feedback signal, its internal monitoring and adjustment module determines whether the current working state of the optical switch is normal based on the characteristics of the feedback signal, such as the amplitude and frequency of the electrical signal and other information. If it is found that the working state of the optical switch deviates from expectations, for example, due to temperature changes, component aging, etc., the optical properties of the transparent ferroelectric ceramics change slightly, thereby affecting the output port selection of the light or parameters such as light intensity, the optical switch driver module will adjust the voltage applied to multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups accordingly, and compensate for these changes by fine-tuning the voltage to ensure that the optical switch can stably perform optical path switching and optical signal transmission according to the control signal requirements.

[0046] Furthermore, in some implementations of this embodiment, S2 further includes the following steps:

[0047] S21, when the control signal indicates the first optical path state, the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4 is not applied with voltage and the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8 is applied with voltage, and the light passes through the optical fiber collimator 1, multiple birefringent crystal groups, multiple λ / 2 glass group components, multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, multiple beam splitting prisms 9, multiple birefringent crystal combination units, and the roof prism 13, and then is output from the first output port of the dual optical fiber collimator 14;

[0048] S22 , when the control signal indicates the second optical path state, the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4 applies a half-wave voltage and the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8 applies no voltage, and the light is output from the second output port of the dual-fiber collimator 14 .

[0049] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the control signal indicates the first optical path state, the control logic module inside the optical switch driving module analyzes the signal and outputs the corresponding driving signal, so that the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4 does not apply voltage and maintains its initial optical properties, while the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8 applies a specific voltage. After the voltage is applied, the optical parameters such as the refractive index of the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8 change, thereby guiding the propagation path of the light. After the light is emitted from the optical fiber collimator 1, it passes through multiple birefringent crystal groups. Due to the birefringence characteristics of the birefringent crystals, the light is decomposed into ordinary light and extraordinary light, and then passes through multiple λ / 2 glass plate group components for phase adjustment, and then enters multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups. Under the action of the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8, the light further changes the propagation direction, and then passes through the combined action of multiple beam splitting prisms 9, multiple birefringent crystal combination units, roof prisms 13 and other optical elements, and finally outputs from the first output port of the dual optical fiber collimator 14; when the control signal indicates the second optical path state, the optical switch driving module outputs different driving signals, so that the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4 applies a half-wave voltage, and the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic 8 does not apply voltage. Under the action of the half-wave voltage, the optical properties of the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic 4 change accordingly, changing the working behavior of the light therein. The light passes through a similar optical component transmission path, that is, from the fiber collimator 1, multiple birefringent crystal groups, multiple λ / 2 glass group components, multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, multiple beam splitting prisms 9, multiple birefringent crystal combination units, and roof prism 13, and then outputs from the second output port of the dual fiber collimator 14.

[0050] Furthermore, in some implementations of the present embodiment, in step S1, when the boost module increases the voltage of the low-voltage DC power supply to a high-voltage DC power supply greater than or equal to 300V, the reverse connection protection module continuously monitors the polarity of the power supply, the surge protection module suppresses surges in real time, and the short-circuit protection module continuously monitors the circuit.

[0051] Furthermore, in some implementations of the present embodiment, in step S2, the high-voltage protection module in the optical switch driving module activates the protection mechanism when the voltage rises abnormally, and the high-speed DC analog switch completes the switching operation of the voltages of multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups in a very short time after receiving the control signal, so as to realize fast and accurate optical path switching function.

[0052] In summary, when using a driving device and working method based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch, the voltage is filtered and stabilized by a power supply unit provided in the driving device, and the inputs of the photoelectric switch unit and the power supply unit are coordinated and controlled by the driving control unit, thereby protecting the photoelectric switch unit, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device during overall use and thus increasing its service life.

[0053] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch, comprising: A power supply unit, a drive control unit, and an optical switch unit, wherein the power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the drive control unit and the optical switch unit, the drive control unit includes an optical switch drive module and a control signal input terminal, and the control signal input terminal is connected to the optical switch drive module; The optical switch unit comprises an optical fiber collimator, a plurality of birefringent crystal groups, a plurality of λ / 2 glass plate group components, a plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, a plurality of beam splitting prisms, a plurality of birefringent crystal combination units, a roof prism and a dual optical fiber collimator, and a photoelectric detector connected to the plurality of beam splitting prisms, the optical switch driving module is connected to the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, and is used to apply a driving voltage to the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups to change the propagation path of light in the optical switch unit, the plurality of birefringent crystal groups, the plurality of λ / 2 glass plate group components, and the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups work together to realize optical path switching, the beam splitting prism is used to separate part of the light to the photoelectric detector, the birefringent crystal combination unit is used to adjust and synthesize the polarization state of the processed light, and the roof prism is used to change the propagation direction of the light so that the light is output from the dual optical fiber collimator.

2. A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit includes an anti-reverse connection module, an anti-surge module, a short-circuit protection module and a boost module which are connected in sequence. The anti-reverse connection module is used to prevent the external power supply from being reversed in polarity. The anti-surge module is used to suppress external power surges. The short-circuit protection module is used to monitor and protect the internal circuit from short circuits. The boost module is used to convert the input low-voltage DC power supply into high-voltage DC power that meets the electro-optical crystal driving requirements.

3. A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical switch driving module is connected to the output end of the power supply unit. The optical switch driving module includes a high-voltage protection circuit and a high-speed DC analog switch, which is used to receive a control signal and control the voltage applied to the electro-optical crystal according to the control signal to realize the optical path switching function of the optical switch. The optical switch driving module can generate a stable output waveform, has a high voltage slew rate and a fast control signal response capability.

4. The driving device based on the electro-optical crystal optical switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of birefringent crystal groups include at least two birefringent crystals, each of which performs a specific change on the polarization state of light in the optical path to cooperate with subsequent components to achieve optical path switching.

5. A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The λ / 2 glass plate assembly comprises a plurality of λ / 2 glass plates with different angles between the optical axis directions and the horizontal direction, and is used to change the polarization direction of light passing therethrough, so as to assist in adjusting the polarization state of light during the optical path switching process.

6. A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups include at least two transparent ferroelectric ceramics. Under different optical path switching requirements, the polarization direction of light is changed according to the voltage state applied by the optical switch driving module to achieve optical path switching, and the dual-fiber collimator has a first output port and a second output port.

7. A method for operating a driving device, characterized in that: A driving device based on an electro-optical crystal optical switch according to claim 6, comprising the following steps: S1, power conversion, the input low-voltage DC power passes through the anti-reverse connection module, the anti-surge module, the short-circuit protection module and the boost module in sequence, is converted into high-voltage DC power and output to the optical switch driving module; S2, switch driving, a control signal is input to the optical switch driving module, and the optical switch driving module controls the voltage applied to each transparent ferroelectric ceramic in the plurality of transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups according to the control signal; S3, monitoring feedback. During the optical path switching process, part of the light split by the multiple beam splitting prisms is received by the photodetector and converted into an electrical signal, which is fed back to the optical switch driving module. The optical switch driving module monitors and adjusts the voltage applied to the multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups according to the feedback signal to ensure stable operation of the optical switch.

8. A working method of a driving device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S2 further comprises the following steps: S21, when the control signal indicates the first optical path state, the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic is not applied with voltage and the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic is applied with voltage, and the light passes through the optical fiber collimator, multiple birefringent crystal groups, multiple λ / 2 glass group components, multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups, multiple beam splitting prisms, multiple birefringent crystal combination units, and the roof prism, and then is output from the first output port of the dual optical fiber collimator; S22, when the control signal indicates the second optical path state, a half-wave voltage is applied to the first transparent ferroelectric ceramic and no voltage is applied to the second transparent ferroelectric ceramic, and light is output from the second output port of the dual-fiber collimator.

9. A working method of a driving device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, when the boost module increases the voltage of the low-voltage DC power supply to a high-voltage DC power supply greater than or equal to 300V, the anti-reverse connection module continuously monitors the polarity of the power supply, the anti-surge module suppresses surges in real time, and the short-circuit protection module continuously monitors the circuit.

10. A working method of a driving device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the high-voltage protection module in the optical switch driving module activates the protection mechanism when the voltage rises abnormally, and the high-speed DC analog switch completes the switching operation of the voltages of multiple transparent ferroelectric ceramic groups in a very short time after receiving the control signal, so as to realize fast and accurate optical path switching function.

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