Electrically-driven automatic fertilizing and sowing all-in-one machine system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent seed and fertilizer integrated seeding machine system, belongs to the technical field of seeding machine equipment, and particularly relates to an electric-driven automatic fertilization and seeding integrated machine system, which comprises a main control unit used for controlling the operation, data processing and control of the whole seeding integrated machine; the seeding tray driving unit is connected with the main control unit and is used for controlling a seeding tray of the seeding all-in-one machine to work; the driving wheel driving unit is connected with the main control unit and is used for controlling a driving wheel of the seeding all-in-one machine to work; the remote control unit is composed of a remote controller and an infrared remote sensing module, the infrared remote sensing module is connected with the main control unit, and the infrared remote sensing module is wirelessly connected with the remote controller and used for controlling the sowing all-in-one machine to work; by presetting program codes, steering and advancing in all directions can be achieved through the remote controller, the advancing speed and the seeding speed are adjusted, the control and adjustment are controllable and adjustable, the use threshold is low, and operation data are convenient to observe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses an intelligent integrated seeding and fertilizer seeder system, belongs to the technical field of seeder equipment, and specifically relates to an electric-driven automatic fertilization and seeding integrated machine system. Background Art

[0002] A seeder is an agricultural machine that automatically completes the planting of crops. It is suitable for the planting of corn, rice, soybeans, wheat and other crops. It can not only save the tedious process of manual planting, but also improve planting efficiency, ensure planting quality, and reduce costs. Compared with the traditional manual planting method, the seeder can complete the planting work more quickly, improve planting efficiency and save time. The seeder can automatically complete the planting work, eliminating the need for manual operation, thus avoiding the physical fatigue and physical exertion caused by manual planting, and saving time costs. The seeder can not only achieve precise control of the number of seeds and planting depth, but also perform multiple functions such as fertilization and intertillage during planting, thereby ensuring the quality of planting while reducing the mortality rate of crops. Since the seeder can automatically complete the planting work, it reduces the need for manual operation, thereby reducing the labor cost of farmers and reducing production costs. With the continuous development of modern agricultural production, the seeder has become an important part of agricultural mechanization, playing an important role in improving agricultural production efficiency, improving farmers' living conditions, and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] The seed drills in the prior art mostly use semi-automatic control and are controlled by staff. However, different crops require different fertilizer conditions and the thickness of the soil cover and the soil density are also different. Traditional seed drills can only make self-judgment based on staff experience, resulting in different sowing quality. At the same time, traditional seeders cannot adjust data for different crops, thereby failing to ensure plant spacing, greatly increasing the complexity of manual thinning, resulting in poor growth of crops due to over-crowding or waste of land resources due to over-sparseness. In addition, traditional seed drills do not have intelligent systems, resulting in a high threshold for use and the inability to observe operating data. During the sowing process of the seed drill, it is inevitable that the seed tray will be missed and seeds will pop out, resulting in missed sowing. Subsequent mechanical or manual reseeding requires a lot of labor costs, so it is particularly important to detect the missed sowing amount in a timely and accurate manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To provide an electric-driven automatic fertilizing and sowing integrated machine system to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] Technical solution: An electric-driven automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system, including an intelligent remote control circuit system, the intelligent remote control circuit system includes:

[0006] The main control unit is used to control the operation, data processing and control of the entire seeding machine;

[0007] A seeding disc driving unit, connected to the main control unit, for controlling the operation of the seeding disc of the seeding machine;

[0008] A driving wheel driving unit, connected to the main control unit, and used to control the driving wheel of the seed drill;

[0009] The remote control unit is composed of a remote controller and an infrared remote sensing module. The infrared remote sensing module is connected to the main control unit. The infrared remote sensing module and the remote controller are wirelessly connected to control the seeding machine to work.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the main control unit is made of an Arduino motherboard, and the motherboard is provided with a USB interface, an ATmega16U2 microcontroller, a crystal oscillator, an external power supply interface, a backup power supply interface, an analog interface, an ATmega328 microcontroller, an ICSP interface, a digital interface, a serial port status light and a reset button.

[0011] In a further embodiment, the driving wheel driving unit is composed of a stepper motor and a motor driving board; the stepper motor is provided with two driving wheels connected to the left and right driving wheels respectively, the motor driving board is connected to the stepper motor and the main control unit, and the motor driving board realizes the forward, backward, left and right movement and steering of the driving wheel through the single-chip computer code.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the motor drive board is provided with a control interface, a high-speed optocoupler isolator, a logic power conversion chip, a drive MOS tube heat sink, an ultra-wide power input interface, a motor output interface, a motor turn indicator light and a power indicator light.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the intelligent remote control circuit system includes a control method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0014] Step 1: Import the initialization code into the Arduino board of the main control unit;

[0015] Step 2: The infrared remote sensing module in the remote control unit operates the system;

[0016] Step 3: The remote controller in the remote control unit sends an infrared signal;

[0017] Step 4: The control board in the seeding disc drive unit converts the electrical signal to control the seeding disc motor; the motor drive board in the drive wheel drive unit outputs the voltage to control the stepper motor;

[0018] Step 5: The driving wheel moves and the seeding disc rotates;

[0019] Step 6: End of downtime

[0020] In a further embodiment, in step 4, the process of the main control unit controlling the driving wheel driving unit is as follows:

[0021] Process 1: Import the program; use the Arduino integrated development environment to write the program to control the motor drive code and upload the program to the Arduino motherboard;

[0022] Step 2: Connect the driver board and the remote control unit; Connect the motor driver board to the Arduino motherboard, the remote control unit to the Arduino motherboard and verify whether the connection is correct;

[0023] Step 3: Power on the input port; Connect the power supply to the power port of the Arduino motherboard, make sure the voltage and current of the power supply meet the requirements, ensure the wiring is correct, and avoid short circuit or reverse connection;

[0024] Process 4: The remote control sends an infrared signal; the remote control presses a button to send an infrared signal, the infrared signal carries the command information, and the Arduino mainboard receives the infrared signal;

[0025] Process 5: The joystick sensor module receives the signal; the joystick sensor module receives the infrared signal, converts the received signal into a command to control the motor, and outputs the corresponding voltage signal to the Arduino mainboard;

[0026] Process 6: Output voltage: The Arduino mainboard receives the voltage signal output by the module, determines the remote control command through the voltage signal, and prepares to convert the command into a motor drive signal;

[0027] Process 7: The motor is driven according to the remote control command; the Arduino mainboard controls the motor drive according to the received signal, and the motor rotates or stops according to the command, completing the function of driving the motor according to the remote control command.

[0028] In a further embodiment, a monitoring module is provided in the seeding disc drive unit, and the monitoring module monitors the working condition of the seeding machine. The monitoring module uses an STM32 development board as a core controller, including a data acquisition module, a data display module, a seed leakage alarm module, and a data storage module. The data acquisition module, the data display module, the seed leakage alarm module and the data storage module are connected to the STM32 development board, and the data acquisition module is composed of a photoelectric sensor and a Hall sensor;

[0029] The Hall sensor is installed on the seeder frame to collect the forward speed of the seeder in real time. The main controller processes the received signal, calculates the current operating speed of the seeder, and transmits it to the data display module. The photoelectric sensor installed at the seed guide hopper monitors the sowing quality in real time. After the signal input by the sensor is calculated and processed by the STM32 main controller, the monitoring result will be displayed on the data display module, and the user can directly read the sowing information from the display screen;

[0030] During the operation of the seeder, the STM32 main controller uses the sowing data transmitted by the sensor to determine whether there is any abnormal sowing situation. If there is any missing seed, the missing seed alarm module will sound an alarm. After the seeder is finished, the STM32 main controller will record and store the data obtained from this sowing through the data storage module for subsequent summary and statistics.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the monitoring module uses a single-chip microcomputer as a core processor, uses a photoelectric sensor and a Hall sensor to collect data, and the core processor calculates the data obtained by each sensor and displays the obtained results through a data display module; during the operation of the seed drill, the seeding quality is determined by the displayed data, so as to adjust the working parameters of the seed drill;

[0032] The Hall sensor signal monitoring end is normally open when not subjected to magnetic field force, and maintains high-level signal output. When subjected to magnetic field force, it outputs low-level signal. According to the output signal level number, the main controller program is used to calculate the seed drill operating speed. The Hall sensor is installed on the seed drill frame near the wheel, and a small magnetic piece is attached to the side of the corresponding wheel. When the small magnetic piece rotates with the driven wheel to the position of the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor detects the passage of the magnetic field and outputs a pulse signal. The seed drill operating speed can be calculated according to the period and frequency of the pulse signal. N speed sensors are set on the seed drill ground wheel, and the ground wheel speed (ω) formula is:

[0033]

[0034] Where P is the number of pulses generated by one rotation of the ground wheel; T is the period of the output pulse square wave (ms);

[0035] According to the diameter D of the seeder wheel, the forward speed of the seeder is obtained:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, V represents the forward speed of the seeder, ω is the ground wheel speed (r / s); D is the ground wheel diameter (mm);

[0038] The photoelectric sensor is the data input end of the entire monitoring unit. It outputs a high level when there is no object blocking it, and outputs a low level when there is an object blocking the infrared light signal. The photoelectric sensor is installed at the seed guide funnel and emits infrared light signals from one side to the other. When the seeds fall and block the infrared light signal, the sensor generates a pulse. After receiving the pulse signal, STM32 adds 1 to the original value to monitor the sowing quantity in real time; the time threshold for missed sowing is calculated by the current seeder operating speed:

[0039]

[0040] Where t represents the time when missed seeding occurs, l is the missed seeding distance threshold (mm); when no seeds are detected falling after this time threshold, the missed seeding amount is recorded plus 1, and this data is transmitted to the data display module through the main controller.

[0041] In a further embodiment, a self-correction module is provided in the driving wheel driving unit, including a positioner and an encoder. The encoder has a corresponding pulse output during the rotation of the wheel axle. The encoder can output a fixed number of pulses when the wheel axle rotates one circle. The number of pulses is determined according to the number of grating lines on the encoder code disk, and is converted into a displacement increment of the seeder through a corresponding pulse increment; the positioning module and the encoder are combined and regarded as continuous, and the two-point distance measured by the positioning module is combined with the continuous signal reception of the encoder to correct the encoder measurement stroke; during the sowing process, the positioning module receives position information with a period of s seconds, and records the pulse increment of the incremental rotary encoder every s seconds. The displacement value of the seeder is obtained by multiplying the result of multiplying it with the circumference of the tire and the total number of pulses obtained by the encoder when the tire theoretically rotates one circle; the correction coefficient is obtained by proportionally calculating the two-point distance calculated by the positioning module and the displacement value calculated by the encoder, and the correction coefficient is used to correct the pulse increment obtained by the encoder at the previous moment.

[0042] Beneficial effects: The integrated seeding machine system of the present invention can realize steering and advancing in all directions, adjust the forward speed and seeding speed through a remote control through preset program codes, is controllable and adjustable, has a low threshold for use, and is convenient for observing operating data; each driving wheel is equipped with an independent motor, and the front, rear, left, right and left movement and steering are realized through the single-chip computer code. The configuration of a single wheel and a single motor is conducive to more efficient power utilization, and at the same time, the control of the travel mode is more precise, so as to adapt to more complex terrain, not only suitable for flat land, but also for irregular terrain between hills or mountains; in addition, the present invention can monitor the operation status of seeding in real time, realize human-computer interaction and abnormal alarm functions, provide decision-making basis for subsequent mechanical or manual replanting, and is of great significance to improving the automation and intelligence level of the seeding link; at the same time, by combining the advantages of encoder continuous control and positioning module in measuring the accuracy of the distance between two points, a closed-loop control system for real-time measurement is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the integrated sowing machine system of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of the integrated sowing machine system.

[0045] Figure 3 The present invention is a flowchart of the driving wheel driving unit of the sowing machine system.

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] An electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system, comprising: an intelligent remote control circuit system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent remote control circuit system includes:

[0049] The main control unit is used to control the operation, data processing and control of the entire seeding machine;

[0050] A seeding disc driving unit, connected to the main control unit, for controlling the operation of the seeding disc of the seeding machine;

[0051] A driving wheel driving unit, connected to the main control unit, and used to control the driving wheel of the seed drill;

[0052] The remote control unit is composed of a remote controller and an infrared remote sensing module. The infrared remote sensing module is connected to the main control unit. The infrared remote sensing module and the remote controller are wirelessly connected to control the seeding machine to work.

[0053] In one embodiment, the main control unit is made of an Arduino motherboard, which is provided with a USB interface, an ATmega16U2 single-chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator, an external power interface, a backup power interface, an analog interface, an ATmega328 single-chip microcomputer, an ICSP interface, a digital interface, a serial port status light and a reset button.

[0054] In one embodiment, the driving wheel driving unit is composed of a stepper motor and a motor driving board; the stepper motor is provided with two driving wheels connected to the left and right driving wheels respectively, the motor driving board is connected to the stepper motor and the main control unit, and the motor driving board realizes the forward, backward, left and right movement and steering of the driving wheel through the single-chip computer code.

[0055] In one embodiment, the motor drive board is provided with a control interface, a high-speed optocoupler isolator, a logic power conversion chip, a drive MOS tube heat sink, an ultra-wide power input interface, a motor output interface, a motor turn indicator light and a power indicator light.

[0056] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent remote control circuit system includes a control method, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0057] Step 1: Import the initialization code into the Arduino board of the main control unit;

[0058] Step 2: The infrared remote sensing module in the remote control unit operates the system;

[0059] Step 3: The remote controller in the remote control unit sends an infrared signal;

[0060] Step 4: The control board in the seeding disc drive unit converts the electrical signal to control the seeding disc motor; the motor drive board in the drive wheel drive unit outputs the voltage to control the stepper motor;

[0061] Step 5: The driving wheel moves and the seeding disc rotates;

[0062] Step 6: End of downtime

[0063] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, in step 4, the process of the main control unit controlling the driving wheel driving unit is as follows:

[0064] Process 1: Import the program; use the Arduino integrated development environment to write the program to control the motor drive code and upload the program to the Arduino motherboard;

[0065] Step 2: Connect the driver board and the remote control unit; Connect the motor driver board to the Arduino motherboard, the remote control unit to the Arduino motherboard and verify whether the connection is correct;

[0066] Step 3: Power on the input port; Connect the power supply to the power port of the Arduino motherboard, make sure the voltage and current of the power supply meet the requirements, ensure the wiring is correct, and avoid short circuit or reverse connection;

[0067] Process 4: The remote control sends an infrared signal; the remote control presses a button to send an infrared signal, the infrared signal carries the command information, and the Arduino mainboard receives the infrared signal;

[0068] Process 5: The joystick sensor module receives the signal; the joystick sensor module receives the infrared signal, converts the received signal into a command to control the motor, and outputs the corresponding voltage signal to the Arduino mainboard;

[0069] Process 6: Output voltage: The Arduino mainboard receives the voltage signal output by the module, determines the remote control command through the voltage signal, and prepares to convert the command into a motor drive signal;

[0070] Process 7: The motor is driven according to the remote control command; the Arduino mainboard controls the motor drive according to the received signal, and the motor rotates or stops according to the command, completing the function of driving the motor according to the remote control command.

[0071] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a monitoring module is provided in the seeding disc drive unit, and the monitoring module monitors the working condition of the seeding machine. The monitoring module uses an STM32 development board as a core controller, including a data acquisition module, a data display module, a seed leakage alarm module, and a data storage module. The data acquisition module, the data display module, the seed leakage alarm module, and the data storage module are connected to the STM32 development board, and the data acquisition module is composed of a photoelectric sensor and a Hall sensor;

[0072] The Hall sensor is installed on the seeder frame to collect the forward speed of the seeder in real time. The main controller processes the received signal, calculates the current operating speed of the seeder, and transmits it to the data display module. The photoelectric sensor installed at the seed guide hopper monitors the sowing quality in real time. After the signal input by the sensor is calculated and processed by the STM32 main controller, the monitoring result will be displayed on the data display module, and the user can directly read the sowing information from the display screen;

[0073] During the operation of the seeder, the STM32 main controller uses the sowing data transmitted by the sensor to determine whether there is any abnormal sowing situation. If there is any missing seed, the missing seed alarm module will sound an alarm. After the seeder is finished, the STM32 main controller will record and store the data obtained from this sowing through the data storage module for subsequent summary and statistics.

[0074] In one embodiment, the monitoring module uses a single-chip microcomputer as a core processor, and uses a photoelectric sensor and a Hall sensor to collect data. The core processor calculates the data obtained by each sensor and displays the obtained results through a data display module; during the operation of the seed drill, the seeding quality is determined by the displayed data, so as to adjust the working parameters of the seed drill;

[0075] The Hall sensor signal monitoring end is normally open when not subjected to magnetic field force, and maintains high-level signal output. When subjected to magnetic field force, it outputs low-level signal. According to the output signal level number, the main controller program is used to calculate the seed drill operating speed. The Hall sensor is installed on the seed drill frame near the wheel, and a small magnetic piece is attached to the side of the corresponding wheel. When the small magnetic piece rotates with the driven wheel to the position of the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor detects the passage of the magnetic field and outputs a pulse signal. The seed drill operating speed can be calculated according to the period and frequency of the pulse signal. N speed sensors are set on the seed drill ground wheel, and the ground wheel speed (ω) formula is:

[0076]

[0077] Where P is the number of pulses generated by one rotation of the ground wheel; T is the period of the output pulse square wave (ms);

[0078] According to the diameter D of the seeder wheel, the forward speed of the seeder is obtained:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, V represents the forward speed of the seeder, ω is the ground wheel speed (r / s); D is the ground wheel diameter (mm);

[0081] The photoelectric sensor is the data input end of the entire monitoring unit. It outputs a high level when there is no object blocking it, and outputs a low level when there is an object blocking the infrared light signal. The photoelectric sensor is installed at the seed guide funnel and emits infrared light signals from one side to the other. When the seeds fall and block the infrared light signal, the sensor generates a pulse. After receiving the pulse signal, STM32 adds 1 to the original value to monitor the sowing quantity in real time; the time threshold for missed sowing is calculated by the current seeder operating speed:

[0082]

[0083] Where t represents the time when missed seeding occurs, l is the missed seeding distance threshold (mm); when no seeds are detected falling after this time threshold, the missed seeding amount is recorded plus 1, and this data is transmitted to the data display module through the main controller.

[0084] In one embodiment, a self-correction module is provided in the driving wheel driving unit, including a positioner and an encoder. The encoder has a corresponding pulse output as the wheel axle rotates. The encoder can output a fixed number of pulses when the wheel axle rotates one circle. The number of pulses is determined according to the number of grating lines on the encoder code disk, and is converted into a displacement increment of the seeder through a corresponding pulse increment. The positioning module and the encoder are combined and regarded as continuous, and the two-point distance measured by the positioning module is combined with the continuous signal reception of the encoder to correct the encoder measurement stroke. During the sowing process, the positioning module receives position information in a period of s seconds, and records the pulse increment of the incremental rotary encoder every s seconds. The displacement value of the seeder is obtained by multiplying the result of multiplying the result by the tire circumference and the total number of pulses obtained by the encoder when the tire theoretically rotates one circle. The correction coefficient is obtained by proportionally calculating the two-point distance calculated by the positioning module and the displacement value calculated by the encoder, and the correction coefficient is used to correct the pulse increment obtained by the encoder at the previous moment.

[0085] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an intelligent remote control circuit system, wherein the intelligent remote control circuit system comprises: The main control unit is used to control the operation, data processing and control of the entire seeding machine; A seeding disc driving unit, connected to the main control unit, for controlling the operation of the seeding disc of the seeding machine; A driving wheel driving unit, connected to the main control unit, and used to control the driving wheel of the seed drill; The remote control unit is composed of a remote controller and an infrared remote sensing module. The infrared remote sensing module is connected to the main control unit. The infrared remote sensing module and the remote controller are wirelessly connected to control the seeding machine to work.

2. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control unit is made of an Arduino motherboard, which is provided with a USB interface, an ATmega16U2 single-chip microcomputer, a crystal oscillator, an external power interface, a backup power interface, an analog interface, an ATmega328 single-chip microcomputer, an ICSP interface, a digital interface, a serial port status light and a reset button.

3. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel driving unit is composed of a stepper motor and a motor driving board; the stepper motor is provided with two driving wheels connected to the left and right driving wheels respectively, the motor driving board is connected to the stepper motor and the main control unit, and the motor driving board realizes the forward, backward, left, right and steering of the driving wheel through the single-chip computer code.

4. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motor drive board is provided with a control interface, a high-speed optocoupler isolator, a logic power conversion chip, a drive MOS tube heat sink, an ultra-wide power input interface, a motor output interface, a motor turn indicator light and a power indicator light.

5. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent remote control circuit system includes a control method, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Import the initialization code into the Arduino mainboard of the master control unit; Step 2: The infrared remote sensing module in the remote control unit operates the system; Step 3: The remote controller in the remote control unit sends an infrared signal; Step 4: The control board in the seeding disc drive unit converts the electrical signal to control the seeding disc motor; the motor drive board in the drive wheel drive unit outputs the voltage to control the stepper motor; Step 5: The driving wheel moves and the seeding disc rotates; Step 6: The shutdown ends.

6. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, the process of the main control unit controlling the driving wheel driving unit is as follows: Process 1: Import the program; use the Arduino integrated development environment to write the program to control the motor drive code and upload the program to the Arduino motherboard; Step 2: Connect the driver board and the remote control unit; Connect the motor driver board to the Arduino motherboard, the remote control unit to the Arduino motherboard and verify whether the connection is correct; Step 3: Power on the input port; Connect the power supply to the power port of the Arduino motherboard, make sure the voltage and current of the power supply meet the requirements, ensure the wiring is correct, and avoid short circuit or reverse connection; Process 4: The remote control sends an infrared signal; the remote control presses a button to send an infrared signal, the infrared signal carries the command information, and the Arduino mainboard receives the infrared signal; Process 5: The joystick sensor module receives the signal; the joystick sensor module receives the infrared signal, converts the received signal into a command to control the motor, and outputs the corresponding voltage signal to the Arduino mainboard; Process 6: Output voltage: The Arduino mainboard receives the voltage signal output by the module, determines the remote control command through the voltage signal, and prepares to convert the command into a motor drive signal; Process 7: The motor is driven according to the remote control command; the Arduino mainboard controls the motor drive according to the received signal, and the motor rotates or stops according to the command, completing the function of driving the motor according to the remote control command.

7. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A monitoring module is provided in the seeding disc drive unit, and the monitoring module monitors the working condition of the seeding machine. The monitoring module uses an STM32 development board as a core controller, including a data acquisition module, a data display module, a seed leakage alarm module, and a data storage module. The data acquisition module, the data display module, the seed leakage alarm module, and the data storage module are connected to the STM32 development board, and the data acquisition module is composed of a photoelectric sensor and a Hall sensor; The Hall sensor is installed on the seeder frame to collect the forward speed of the seeder in real time. The main controller processes the received signal, calculates the current operating speed of the seeder, and transmits it to the data display module. The photoelectric sensor installed at the seed guide hopper monitors the sowing quality in real time. After the signal input by the sensor is calculated and processed by the STM32 main controller, the monitoring result will be displayed on the data display module, and the user can directly read the sowing information from the display screen; During the operation of the seeder, the STM32 main controller uses the sowing data transmitted by the sensor to determine whether there is any abnormal sowing situation. If there is any missing seed, the missing seed alarm module will sound an alarm. After the seeder is finished, the STM32 main controller will record and store the data obtained from this sowing through the data storage module for subsequent summary and statistics.

8. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring module uses a single-chip microcomputer as a core processor, and uses a photoelectric sensor and a Hall sensor to collect data. The core processor calculates the data obtained by each sensor and displays the obtained results through a data display module; during the operation of the seed drill, the seeding quality is determined by the displayed data, so as to adjust the working parameters of the seed drill; The Hall sensor signal monitoring end is normally open when not subjected to magnetic field force, and maintains high-level signal output. When subjected to magnetic field force, it outputs low-level signal. According to the output signal level number, the main controller program is used to calculate the seed drill operating speed. The Hall sensor is installed on the seed drill frame near the wheel, and a small magnetic piece is attached to the side of the corresponding wheel. When the small magnetic piece rotates with the driven wheel to the position of the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor detects the passage of the magnetic field and outputs a pulse signal. The seed drill operating speed can be calculated according to the period and frequency of the pulse signal. N speed sensors are set on the seed drill ground wheel, and the ground wheel speed (ω) formula is: Where P is the number of pulses generated by one rotation of the ground wheel; T is the period of the output pulse square wave (ms); According to the diameter D of the seeder wheel, the forward speed of the seeder is obtained: In the formula, V represents the forward speed of the seeder, ω is the ground wheel speed (r / s); D is the ground wheel diameter (mm); The photoelectric sensor is the data input end of the entire monitoring unit. It outputs a high level when there is no object blocking it, and outputs a low level when there is an object blocking the infrared light signal. The photoelectric sensor is installed at the seed guide funnel and emits infrared light signals from one side to the other. When the seeds fall and block the infrared light signal, the sensor generates a pulse. After receiving the pulse signal, STM32 adds 1 to the original value to monitor the sowing quantity in real time; the time threshold for missed sowing is calculated by the current seeder operating speed: Where t represents the time when missed seeding occurs, l is the missed seeding distance threshold (mm); when no seeds are detected falling after this time threshold, the missed seeding amount is recorded plus 1, and this data is transmitted to the data display module through the main controller.

9. The electric drive automatic fertilization and sowing integrated machine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel driving unit is provided with a self-correction module including a positioner and an encoder. The encoder has a corresponding pulse output during the rotation of the wheel shaft. The encoder can output a fixed number of pulses when the wheel shaft rotates one circle. The number of pulses is determined according to the number of grating lines on the encoder code disk, and is converted into a displacement increment of the seed drill through the corresponding pulse increment; the positioning module and the encoder are combined and regarded as continuous, and the two-point distance measured by the positioning module is combined with the continuous signal reception of the encoder to correct the encoder measurement stroke; during the seeding process, the positioning module receives position information with a period of s seconds, and records the pulse increment of the incremental rotary encoder every s seconds. The displacement value of the seed drill is obtained by multiplying the result of the multiplication of the result and the circumference of the tire with the total number of pulses obtained by the encoder when the tire theoretically rotates one circle; the correction coefficient is obtained by proportionally calculating the two-point distance calculated by the positioning module and the displacement value calculated by the encoder, and the correction coefficient is used to correct the pulse increment obtained by the encoder at the previous moment.

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