Automatic cleaning system for photovoltaic power station and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station and a control method.The automatic cleaning system comprises a water collecting assembly and a water spraying assembly, the water collecting assembly comprises a strip-shaped water tank, a water leakage hopper, a water collecting disc and a filtering assembly, the water spraying assembly comprises a driving unit and a plurality of water spraying units, and each photovoltaic panel corresponds to one water spraying unit; each water spraying unit comprises an electromagnetic valve and a plurality of nozzles, and the electromagnetic valves are controlled by a PLC. The control method comprises the following steps: taking a maximum theoretical value; taking a reference value; if the reference value is lower than the maximum theoretical value by a certain proportion, cleaning all the photovoltaic panels; and if the daily generating capacity of the photovoltaic panel in the previous day is lower than a certain proportion of the reference value, cleaning the photovoltaic panel. Rainwater flowing down from the photovoltaic panel can be collected and utilized, and the water collecting tray can also collect the rainwater; the filtering assembly realizes multi-stage filtering on the rainwater, and the filtering effect is good; according to the control method, the photovoltaic panel needing to be cleaned can be accurately found out, and the cleaning cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an automatic cleaning system and a control method for a photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation technology provides an important way to utilize clean energy, but photovoltaic panels are located outdoors, and dust and dirt will accumulate on the surface of the photovoltaic panels, thus affecting the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. Traditionally, the surface of photovoltaic panels is cleaned manually, which is inefficient and costly, and cannot meet the needs of large-scale photovoltaic power generation. There are also photovoltaic panels with self-cleaning functions, such as spraying water on the surface of photovoltaic panels after collecting and utilizing rainwater, but the existing system can generally only achieve a rough filtration of rainwater, that is, spraying water on photovoltaic panels. However, in addition to larger impurities such as leaves and stones, rainwater also contains a lot of smaller impurities such as dust, dust or soil. When cleaning photovoltaic panels, rainwater mixed with these impurities will not only affect the cleaning effect, but also damage the surface of photovoltaic panels. At the same time, the existing photovoltaic systems with self-cleaning functions generally start self-cleaning through manual control, or perform self-cleaning at regular intervals. These methods cannot accurately clean the photovoltaic panels that need to be cleaned. When the surface of the photovoltaic panels does not need to be cleaned, it is undoubtedly a waste of cleaning costs, and of course it also wastes water resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic cleaning system and a control method for a photovoltaic power station.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station, wherein the photovoltaic power station includes at least one group of photovoltaic components, each group of photovoltaic components includes a bracket and a plurality of photovoltaic panels, and each photovoltaic panel is arranged side by side on the bracket. The automatic cleaning system includes a water collection component and a water spray component, and the water collection component includes a strip water tank, a funnel, a water collection tray and a filter component. An L-shaped filter is arranged in the strip water tank, and the L-shaped vertical section of the L-shaped filter is against the side surface at the edge of the photovoltaic panel, and the L-shaped horizontal section of the L-shaped filter is against the bottom surface at the edge of the photovoltaic panel. The L-shaped filter can filter rainwater while also The invention can provide a support for the bottom of the photovoltaic panel to reduce the downward stress of the tilted photovoltaic panel. The bottom of the upper opening of the strip water tank is provided with a leaking port. The upper opening of the strip water tank is covered and closed by an L-shaped filter screen. In this way, larger impurities such as leaves will not enter the inner leaking bucket through the strip water tank to prevent the strip water tank and the leaking bucket from being blocked. The larger port of the leaking bucket is connected to the leaking port of the strip water tank, and the smaller port of the leaking bucket is connected to the water inlet of the filter component. The water outlet of the filter component is connected to a water outlet pipe, and the water collecting tray is connected to the water inlet of the filter component. Rainwater slides down to the strip water tank through the photovoltaic panel and is collected into the filter component. The filter component The component can also directly collect rainwater through the water collection tray; the water spray assembly includes a driving unit and a plurality of water spray units, each photovoltaic panel corresponds to a water spray unit, each water spray unit includes a solenoid valve and a plurality of nozzles, so that each water spray unit is independently controlled by a solenoid valve, and each photovoltaic panel can be cleaned separately. In this embodiment, each photovoltaic panel is provided with four nozzles, and the solenoid valve controls the opening and closing of all nozzles of the water spray unit in which it is located. The solenoid valve is controlled by a PLC, and the PLC controls the solenoid valve according to the control method programming. The driving unit includes a motor, a reducer, a rotary joint and a water pipe, and one of the water pipes The end is closed and connected to the motor through a reducer. The other end of the water pipe is connected to the water outlet pipe of the filter assembly through a rotating joint. The nozzle is arranged on the water pipe, driven by the motor, and the reducer is decelerated to realize the rotation of the water pipe. The motor reciprocates to realize the reciprocating swing of the water pipe. The rotating joint realizes water delivery while preventing the water outlet pipe from being disturbed by the rotation of the water pipe. The photovoltaic panel is tilted, the strip water trough is arranged on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel, and the water pipe is arranged on the higher side of the photovoltaic panel. The side of the strip water trough is fixed to the bracket through a connecting rod, which can provide support to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel and reduce the downward stress of the photovoltaic panel.

[0005] The filter assembly includes a primary filter box, a secondary filter and a water storage tank which are connected in sequence. The primary filter box has a water inlet pipe. The primary filter box is provided with a primary filter screen and a secondary filter screen in sequence from bottom to top. The water inlet end of the water inlet pipe is the water inlet of the filter assembly. The water inlet pipe extends from the top of the primary filter box to the bottom of the primary filter screen. Rainwater slides down to the strip water tank through the photovoltaic panel and enters the primary filter box through the funnel and the water inlet pipe. The water inlet pipe extends from the top of the primary filter box to the bottom of the primary filter screen, so that the collected rainwater first passes through the bottom The primary filter is filtered, and then filtered by the secondary filter above. At the same time, the filtered impurities can settle down due to gravity. The rainwater above the primary filter box is rainwater filtered twice by the primary filter and the secondary filter. The primary filter and the secondary filter are coarse and fine filters respectively, realizing double filtration. The water inlet pipe is at a certain distance from the bottom of the primary filter box. The sediment in the rainwater settles to the bottom of the primary filter box. The water inlet pipe is at a certain distance from the bottom of the primary filter box to avoid being blocked by the sediment. The primary filter box has a drain port at the bottom and a water outlet at the top. The top water outlet discharges filtered rainwater. The bottom drain port can temporarily discharge rainwater from the primary filter box when the inspection door needs to be opened. The inspection door can be opened to clean up debris in the primary filter box. A valve is provided at the drain port at the bottom of the primary filter box to control whether to drain water. The secondary filter includes a housing and a filter element. The filter element is provided in the housing. The water outlet at the top of the primary filter box is connected to the filter inlet in the middle of the filter element. Water is discharged from the periphery of the filter element. The filter element adopts PP The cotton filters the mud and sand, and water enters the filter element, and water flows out from all sides and enters the outer shell. The outer shell is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the outer shell is connected with the water inlet of the water tank. The water inlet of the water tank is located above the water tank, and the bottom of the water tank has a water flow outlet. The top of the water tank is also provided with an emergency water filling port. An electronic liquid level meter is provided in the water tank, and the electronic liquid level meter controls the opening and closing of the emergency water filling port through PLC. The water flow outlet is connected to the water outlet pipe, and a water pump is provided on the water outlet pipe. The PLC controls the water pump according to the control method programming.

[0006] The primary filter box is provided with an inspection door, the inspection door is provided with a liquid level observation strip, the water storage tank is provided with a strip-shaped observation hole, and the liquid level observation strip and the strip-shaped observation hole are both set to be transparent so as to observe the liquid level.

[0007] The water collecting pan is in the shape of a pan that is high on the outside and low on the inside. The lower part of the water collecting pan is connected to the water inlet of the filter assembly through a pipeline. The water collecting pan cover is arranged above the filter assembly to act as a canopy. The water collecting pan can also be supported by columns, which can be arranged on the top of the primary filter box and the water storage tank.

[0008] The control method of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Take the maximum theoretical value: the maximum daily power generation value of the photovoltaic panels in the summer in the area where the photovoltaic power station is located;

[0010] Step 2: Take the reference value: Take the average daily power generation of at least three photovoltaic panels with the highest power generation in the photovoltaic power station on the previous day as the reference value;

[0011] Step 3: If the reference value is lower than a certain percentage of the maximum theoretical value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean all photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station;

[0012] Step 4: If the daily power generation of the photovoltaic panel on the previous day is lower than a certain proportion of the reference value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] The maximum theoretical value is a value set in advance through statistical analysis, or the highest daily power generation value of all photovoltaic panels in a photovoltaic power station obtained through statistical analysis after a period of use in the summer.

[0014] The average daily power generation of the three photovoltaic panels with the highest power generation in the photovoltaic power station on the previous day is taken as the reference value.

[0015] In step 3, if the reference value is lower than 60% of the maximum theoretical value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean all photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station.

[0016] In step 4, if the daily power generation of the photovoltaic panel on the previous day is lower than 75% of the reference value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean the photovoltaic panel.

[0017] The PLC of the automatic cleaning system repeats steps 2-4 every day to clean each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic power station.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: an automatic cleaning system and control method for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention, a water collecting component for collecting rainwater is arranged at the photovoltaic panel, rainwater flowing down from the photovoltaic panel can be collected and utilized, and at the same time, the water collecting tray itself can also collect rainwater; the L-shaped filter and connecting rod at the photovoltaic panel can also provide support for the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, reduce the downward stress of the photovoltaic panel, and improve the stability of the photovoltaic panel fixation; the filtering component can achieve multi-stage filtration of rainwater with good filtration effect, and the filtered and cleaned rainwater can be transported to the top of the photovoltaic panel to clean the photovoltaic panel, and each photovoltaic panel can be cleaned separately; the control method of the present invention can more accurately determine the photovoltaic panels that are contaminated or blocked more through step 4, that is, find the photovoltaic panels that need to be cleaned and clean them separately, saving cleaning costs and not wasting water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention, which is close to the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention, which is close to the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a filter assembly in an automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the primary filter box of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the secondary filter of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure, 1, photovoltaic panel, 2, bracket, 3, strip water tank, 4, funnel, 5, water collection tray, 6, L-shaped filter, 7, water outlet pipe, 8, nozzle, 9, motor, 10, reducer, 11, rotary joint, 12, water pipe, 13, connecting rod, 14, primary filter box, 15, secondary filter, 16, water storage tank, 17, water inlet pipe, 18, primary filter, 19, secondary filter, 20, drain outlet, 21, water outlet, 22, shell, 23, filter element, 24, filter inlet, 25, discharge outlet, 26, water inlet, 27, water flow outlet, 28, emergency water filling port, 29, inspection door, 30, liquid level observation strip, 31, strip observation hole, 32, pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention is an automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station, wherein the photovoltaic power station includes at least one group of photovoltaic modules. Figure 1In the embodiment, there are four groups of photovoltaic components, each group of photovoltaic components includes a bracket 2 and a plurality of photovoltaic panels 1, each photovoltaic panel 1 is arranged side by side on the bracket 2, and the automatic cleaning system includes a water collection component and a water spray component, the water collection component includes a strip water tank 3, a funnel 4, a water collection tray 5 and a filter component, an L-shaped filter 6 is arranged in the strip water tank 3, the L-shaped vertical section of the L-shaped filter 6 is against the side of the edge of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the L-shaped horizontal section of the L-shaped filter 6 is against the bottom surface of the edge of the photovoltaic panel 1. The L-shaped filter 6 can filter rainwater while supporting the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1 to reduce the downward stress of the tilted photovoltaic panel 1. The bottom of the upper opening of the strip water tank 3 is provided with a leaking port, and the upper opening of the strip water tank 3 is covered and closed by an L-shaped filter screen 6, so that larger impurities such as leaves will not enter the inner leaking bucket 4 through the strip water tank 3 to prevent the strip water tank 3 and the leaking bucket 4 from being blocked. The larger port of the leaking bucket 4 is connected to the leaking port of the strip water tank 3, and the smaller port of the leaking bucket 4 is connected to the water inlet of the filter component. The water outlet 27 of the filter component is connected to a water outlet pipe 7, and the water collecting tray 5 is connected to the water inlet of the filter component. Rainwater slides down to the strip water tank 3 through the photovoltaic panel 1 and is collected into the filter component. The filter component can also directly collect rainwater through the water collecting tray 5.

[0028] The water spray assembly includes a driving unit and a plurality of water spray units. Each photovoltaic panel 1 corresponds to a water spray unit. Each water spray unit includes a solenoid valve and a plurality of nozzles 8. In this way, each water spray unit is independently controlled by a solenoid valve, so that each photovoltaic panel 1 can be cleaned separately. In this embodiment, each photovoltaic panel 1 is provided with four nozzles 8. The solenoid valve controls the opening and closing of all nozzles 8 of the water spray unit in which it is located. The solenoid valve is controlled by a PLC. The PLC controls the solenoid valve according to the control method. The driving unit includes a motor 9. , a reducer 10, a rotary joint 11 and a water pipe 12, one end of the water pipe 12 is closed and connected to the motor 9 through the reducer 10, the other end of the water pipe 12 is connected to the water outlet pipe 7 of the filter assembly through the rotary joint 11, the nozzle 8 is arranged on the water pipe 12, the motor 9 drives, the reducer 10 decelerates, the water pipe 12 is rotated, the motor 9 reciprocates to realize the reciprocating swing of the water pipe 12, the rotary joint 11 realizes water delivery while preventing the water outlet pipe 7 from being disturbed by the rotation of the water pipe 12.

[0029] The photovoltaic panel 1 is set at an angle, the strip gutter 3 is set on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the water pipe 12 is set on the higher side of the photovoltaic panel 1. The side of the strip gutter 3 is fixed to the bracket 2 through a connecting rod 13, which can support the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1 and reduce the downward stress of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0030] like Figure 3-5As shown, the filter assembly includes a primary filter box 14, a secondary filter 15 and a water storage tank 16 which are connected in sequence. The primary filter box 14 has a water inlet pipe 17. The primary filter box 14 is provided with a primary filter screen 18 and a secondary filter screen 19 from bottom to top. The water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 17 is the water inlet of the filter assembly. The water inlet pipe 17 extends from the top of the primary filter box 14 to the bottom of the primary filter screen 18. Rainwater slides down to the strip water tank 3 through the photovoltaic panel 1 and enters the primary filter box 14 through the funnel 4 and the water inlet pipe 17. The water inlet pipe 17 extends from the top of the primary filter box 14 to the bottom of the primary filter screen 18, so that the collected rainwater can be firstly filtered out by the photovoltaic panel 1. The rainwater above the primary filter box 14 is filtered by the primary filter screen 18 below and then filtered by the secondary filter screen 19 above. At the same time, the filtered impurities can settle down due to the action of gravity. The rainwater above the primary filter box 14 is rainwater filtered twice by the primary filter screen 18 and the secondary filter screen 19. The primary filter screen 18 and the secondary filter screen 19 are two coarse and fine filter screens respectively, realizing double filtration. The water inlet pipe 17 is at a certain distance from the bottom of the primary filter box 14. The sediment in the rainwater settles to the bottom of the primary filter box 14. The water inlet pipe 17 is at a certain distance from the bottom of the primary filter box 14 to prevent the water inlet pipe 17 from extending into the sediment and being blocked. The primary filter box 14 has a drain port 20 at the bottom and a water outlet at the top. The filtered rainwater is discharged from the water outlet at the top. The drain port 20 at the bottom can temporarily discharge the rainwater from the primary filter box 14 when the inspection door 29 needs to be opened. The inspection door 29 can be opened to clean up the debris in the primary filter box 14. A valve is provided at the drain port 20 at the bottom of the primary filter box 14 to control whether to drain water. The secondary filter 15 includes a housing 22 and a filter element 23. The filter element 23 is arranged in the housing 22. The water outlet at the top of the primary filter box 14 is connected to the filter inlet 24 in the middle of the filter element 23, and water is discharged from the periphery of the filter element 23. The filter element 23 uses PP cotton to filter mud and sand. Water enters the filter element 23, and water flows out from the surrounding areas into the outer shell 22. A discharge port 25 is provided on the outer shell 22. The discharge port 25 of the outer shell 22 is connected with the water inlet 26 of the water tank 16. The water inlet 26 of the water tank 16 is located above the water tank 16. A water flow outlet 27 is provided at the bottom of the water tank 16. An emergency water filling port 28 is also provided above the water tank 16. An electronic liquid level meter is provided in the water tank 16. The electronic liquid level meter controls the opening and closing of the emergency water filling port 28 through a PLC. The water flow outlet 27 is connected to a water outlet pipe 7. A water pump is provided on the water outlet pipe 7. The PLC controls the water pump according to the control method programming.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the primary filter box 14 is provided with an inspection door 29, the inspection door 29 is provided with a liquid level observation strip 30, and the water storage tank 16 is provided with a strip-shaped observation hole 31. The liquid level observation strip 30 and the strip-shaped observation hole 31 are both set to be transparent to observe the liquid level.

[0032] like Figure 3As shown, the water collecting tray 5 is in the shape of a tray that is high on the outside and low on the inside. The lower part of the water collecting tray 5 is connected to the water inlet of the filter assembly through the pipeline 32. The water collecting tray 5 is covered above the filter assembly. The water collecting tray 5 can act as a canopy. The water collecting tray 5 can also be supported by columns, which can be set on the top of the primary filter box 14 and the water storage tank 16.

[0033] The automatic cleaning system for photovoltaic power station of the present invention is provided with a water collection component for collecting rainwater at the photovoltaic panel 1, which can collect and utilize the rainwater flowing down from the photovoltaic panel 1, and at the same time, the water collection tray 5 itself can also collect rainwater. The L-shaped filter screen 6 and the connecting rod 13 at the photovoltaic panel 1 can also support the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1, reducing the downward stress of the photovoltaic panel 1. The filter component of the present invention is provided with a primary filter box 14 and a secondary filter 15, which can achieve multi-stage filtration of rainwater with good filtration effect. The filtered and cleaned rainwater is stored in the water storage tank 16 and can be transported to the top of the photovoltaic panel 1 for use by the water spray component. The water spray component corresponds to a group of water spray units for each photovoltaic panel 1, and each water spray unit is independently controlled by an electromagnetic valve, so that each photovoltaic panel 1 can be cleaned separately; the nozzle in the water spray unit can also be driven by the driving unit to swing, thereby expanding the water spray range and improving the cleaning effect of the photovoltaic panel 1. The water pipe 12 is driven to rotate by the motor 9 and the reducer 10. The motor 9 rotates back and forth to realize the reciprocating swing of the water pipe 12. The reciprocating swing of the water pipe 12 causes the nozzle 8 thereon to swing back and forth.

[0034] The control method of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Take the maximum theoretical value: the maximum daily power generation value of photovoltaic panel 1 in the summer in the area where the photovoltaic power station is located;

[0036] Step 2: Take a reference value: Take the average daily power generation of at least three photovoltaic panels 1 with the highest power generation in the photovoltaic power station on the previous day as a reference value;

[0037] Step 3: If the reference value is lower than a certain percentage of the maximum theoretical value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean all photovoltaic panels 1 in the photovoltaic power station; if the maximum power generation average value in the same photovoltaic power station decreases, it means that the power generation of each photovoltaic panel has decreased as a whole, which generally corresponds to the situation where the power generation of each photovoltaic panel 1 has decreased as a whole due to not being cleaned for a long time. The proportion of the reference value in step 3 that is lower than the maximum theoretical value can be reasonably adjusted and set according to the power generation attenuation of the photovoltaic panel 1, the length of use, and the degree of contamination or obstruction of the photovoltaic panel 1. The specific value can be set according to actual needs to control the cleaning frequency.

[0038] Step 4: If the daily power generation of the photovoltaic panel 1 on the previous day is lower than a certain proportion of the reference value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean the photovoltaic panel 1. Each photovoltaic panel 1 corresponds to an independently controllable water spray unit, and the solenoid valve of each water spray unit is controlled by PLC to realize independent control of the water spray of each photovoltaic panel 1. The reference value corresponds to the maximum average power generation value in the same photovoltaic power station. If the power generation of a photovoltaic panel 1 is much lower than the reference value, it means that the photovoltaic panel 1 is contaminated or blocked to a large extent, and it needs to be partially cleaned. The proportional value in step 4 can be reasonably adjusted and set according to the degree of contamination or blocking of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the specific value can be set according to actual needs.

[0039] The maximum theoretical value is a value set in advance through statistics, or the highest daily power generation value of all photovoltaic panels 1 in the photovoltaic power station obtained after a period of use in summer. In summer, the sunshine time is long, and the maximum value among them represents the maximum power generation value that the photovoltaic panel 1 can achieve.

[0040] The average daily power generation of the three photovoltaic panels 1 with the highest power generation in the photovoltaic power station the day before is taken as the reference value. The average daily power generation of multiple photovoltaic panels can be used as a more objective reference value to avoid the fact that only a few photovoltaic panels 1 have high power generation due to some special reasons, which affects the objective accuracy of the reference. In general, it is more convenient to calculate the average daily power generation of the three photovoltaic panels 1, which also makes the average more objective and accurate.

[0041] In step 3, if the reference value is lower than 60% of the maximum theoretical value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean all photovoltaic panels 1 in the photovoltaic power station. If the reference value as the average of the maximum power generation decreases a lot, for example, the reference value is lower than 60% of the maximum theoretical value, it means that except for the photovoltaic panels 1 with the maximum power generation used to calculate the reference value, the power generation of other photovoltaic panels 1 is also lower than 60% of the maximum theoretical value, which means that each photovoltaic panel 1 has accumulated a lot of dust and needs to be cleaned. The 60% ratio here is only for the convenience of setting the threshold value for calculation by the computer. In actual use, the ratio can also be modified according to needs.

[0042] In step 4, if the daily power generation of the photovoltaic panel 1 on the previous day is lower than 75% of the reference value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean the photovoltaic panel 1. If the power generation of a photovoltaic panel 1 is 25% lower than the reference value, it means that the photovoltaic panel 1 is contaminated or blocked, and needs to be partially cleaned. The 75% ratio value here is only for the convenience of setting the threshold value for calculation by the computer. In actual use, the ratio value can also be modified according to needs.

[0043] The PLC of the automatic cleaning system repeats steps 2-4 every day to clean each photovoltaic panel 1 of the photovoltaic power station. The power generation of the previous day is compared and calculated every day, which is equivalent to being able to monitor whether each photovoltaic panel 1 is contaminated and whether it needs to be cleaned.

[0044] The control method of the automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station of the present invention can more accurately determine the photovoltaic panels 1 that are contaminated or blocked more through step 4, that is, find the photovoltaic panels 1 that need to be cleaned and clean them separately, saving cleaning costs and not wasting water resources.

[0045] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station, wherein the photovoltaic power station comprises at least one group of photovoltaic modules, each group of photovoltaic modules comprises a bracket (2) and a plurality of photovoltaic panels (1), each photovoltaic panel (1) is arranged side by side on the bracket (2), characterized in that: The automatic cleaning system comprises a water collection component and a water spray component, wherein the water collection component comprises a strip water trough (3), a water funnel (4), a water collection tray (5) and a filter component, wherein an L-shaped filter screen (6) is arranged in the strip water trough (3), the L-shaped vertical section of the L-shaped filter screen (6) abuts against the side surface at the edge of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the L-shaped horizontal section of the L-shaped filter screen (6) abuts against the bottom surface at the edge of the photovoltaic panel (1), the upper opening of the strip water trough (3) has a water leakage port at the bottom, the upper opening of the strip water trough (3) is covered and closed by the L-shaped filter screen (6), the larger port of the water funnel (4) is connected to the water leakage port of the strip water trough (3), the smaller port of the water funnel (4) is connected to the water inlet of the filter component, the water outlet (27) of the filter component is connected to a water outlet pipe (7), and the water collection tray (5) is connected to the water inlet of the filter component; The water spray assembly comprises a driving unit and a plurality of water spray units, each photovoltaic panel (1) corresponds to a water spray unit, each water spray unit comprises a solenoid valve and a plurality of spray heads (8), the solenoid valve controls the opening and closing of all the spray heads (8) of the water spray unit in which it is located, the solenoid valve is controlled by a PLC, the driving unit comprises a motor (9), a reducer (10), a rotary joint (11) and a water pipe (12), one end of the water pipe (12) is closed and is connected to the motor (9) by a transmission through the reducer (10), the other end of the water pipe (12) is connected to the water outlet pipe (7) of the filter assembly through a rotary joint (11), and the spray head (8) is arranged on the water pipe (12); The photovoltaic panel (1) is arranged at an angle, the strip-shaped water trough (3) is arranged on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel (1), the water delivery pipe (12) is arranged on the higher side of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the side surface of the strip-shaped water trough (3) is fixed to the bracket (2) via a connecting rod (13).

2. The automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly comprises a primary filter box (14), a secondary filter (15) and a water storage tank (16) which are connected in sequence. The primary filter box (14) has a water inlet pipe (17). The primary filter box (14) is provided with a primary filter screen (18) and a secondary filter screen (19) in sequence from bottom to top. The water inlet end of the water inlet pipe (17) is the water inlet of the filter assembly. The water inlet pipe (17) extends from the top of the primary filter box (14) to the bottom of the primary filter screen (18). The water inlet pipe (17) is at a certain distance from the bottom of the primary filter box (14). The bottom of the primary filter box (14) has a drain port (20). The top of the primary filter box (14) has a water outlet. The secondary filter (15) comprises a housing (22) and a filter element (23). The filter element (23) is arranged at In the housing (22), the water outlet at the top of the primary filter box (14) is communicated with the filter inlet (24) in the middle of the filter element (23), and water is discharged from the periphery of the filter element (23). The housing (22) is provided with a discharge outlet (25), and the discharge outlet (25) of the housing (22) is communicated with the water inlet (26) of the water storage tank (16). The water inlet (26) of the water storage tank (16) is located above the water storage tank (16). The bottom of the water storage tank (16) is provided with a water flow outlet (27). An emergency water injection port (28) is also provided above the water storage tank (16). An electronic liquid level meter is provided in the water storage tank (16), and the electronic liquid level meter controls the opening and closing of the emergency water injection port (28) through a PLC. The water flow outlet (27) is connected to the water outlet pipe (7), and a water pump is provided on the water outlet pipe (7).

3. The automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary filter box (14) is provided with an inspection door (29), the inspection door (29) is provided with a liquid level observation strip (30), and the water storage tank (16) is provided with a strip-shaped observation hole (31).

4. The automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collecting tray (5) is in the shape of a tray that is high on the outside and low on the inside. The lower part of the water collecting tray (5) is connected to the water inlet of the filter assembly through a pipeline (32). The water collecting tray (5) is covered above the filter assembly.

5. The control method for an automatic cleaning system for a photovoltaic power station according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Take the maximum theoretical value: the maximum daily power generation value of the photovoltaic panel (1) in the summer in the area where the photovoltaic power station is located; Step 2: Taking a reference value: taking the average daily power generation of at least three photovoltaic panels (1) with the highest power generation in the photovoltaic power station on the previous day as a reference value; Step 3: If the reference value is lower than a certain percentage of the maximum theoretical value, the automatic cleaning system is activated to clean all photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station (1); Step 4: If the daily power generation of the photovoltaic panel (1) on the previous day is lower than a certain proportion of the reference value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean the photovoltaic panel (1).

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The maximum theoretical value is a value set in advance through statistical analysis, or is the highest daily power generation value of all photovoltaic panels (1) in the photovoltaic power station obtained through statistical analysis after a period of use in summer.

7. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The average daily power generation value of the three photovoltaic panels (1) with the highest power generation in the photovoltaic power station on the previous day is taken as a reference value.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, if the reference value is lower than 60% of the maximum theoretical value, the automatic cleaning system is activated to clean all photovoltaic panels (1) in the photovoltaic power station.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, if the daily power generation of the photovoltaic panel (1) on the previous day is lower than 75% of the reference value, the automatic cleaning system is started to clean the photovoltaic panel (1).

10. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The PLC of the automatic cleaning system repeatedly executes steps 2-4 every day to clean each photovoltaic panel (1) of the photovoltaic power station.

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