Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same, the method for manufacturing the solar cell according to the present invention comprising: a first step of forming a lower transparent resin layer on a lower cover glass; a second step of arranging a plurality of thin film solar cells and a plurality of glass blocks on the lower transparent resin layer; a third step of forming an upper transparent resin layer on the upper portions of the plurality of thin film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks; and a fourth step of configuring a solar cell by arranging an upper cover glass on the upper transparent resin layer, in which in the second step, a plurality of glass blocks are respectively arranged between each of the plurality of thin film solar cells on the lower transparent resin layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a transparent solar cell having improved light transmittance while producing electricity. Background Art

[0002] Due to global environmental issues, depletion of fossil energy, nuclear power waste disposal, and site selection for new power plant construction, people are increasingly interested in new renewable energy. In this context, solar cells, as an environmentally friendly and sustainable clean energy, are gaining increasing attention.

[0003] In addition, the solar cell market is expected to grow steadily due to recent environmental issues and carbon neutrality policies, and as actions by countries around the world to respond to the climate crisis, such as mandatory zero-energy buildings, are accelerating, the BIPV market is a market worth paying attention to in the future. At the same time, the demand for transparent solar cells is expected to continue to increase.

[0004] Currently, research on transparent solar cells using thin film solar cells is actively being conducted, but the energy conversion efficiency of solar cells having a transmittance of 50% or more is only at the level of 5%.

[0005] Therefore, there is an increasing demand for solar cells having high transmittance and excellent energy conversion efficiency and methods for manufacturing the same. Summary of the invention Technical issues

[0006] The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell with excellent visibility and a method for manufacturing the same by using a sealing member having a refractive index similar to that of a thin-film solar cell deposited on a glass substrate.

[0007] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a solar cell having minimal image distortion, high transmittance and excellent energy conversion efficiency and a method for manufacturing the same. Workaround

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, a method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first step of forming a lower transparent resin layer on a lower cover glass; a second step of arranging a plurality of thin-film solar cells and a plurality of glass blocks on the lower transparent resin layer; a third step of forming an upper transparent resin layer on the upper parts of the plurality of thin-film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks; and a fourth step of forming a solar cell by arranging an upper cover glass on the upper transparent resin layer, wherein in the second step, on the lower transparent resin layer, a plurality of glass blocks are respectively arranged between each of the plurality of thin-film solar cells.

[0009] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the second step may further include: a step of further inserting a transparent resin between the glass block and the thin film solar cell.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a concavo-convex portion may be formed on a surface of the lower cover glass or the upper cover glass.

[0011] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the thin film solar cell may be constructed such that electrodes having a conductive tape structure are bonded to both ends thereof, or electrodes are bonded thereto by ultrasonic bonding or thermal bonding.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the second step, the electrodes at two ends of the aligned thin-film solar cells may be connected in parallel or in series.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the second step may further include: fixing the lower cover glass on which the plurality of thin-film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks are arranged by using a high-temperature tape, a fixing housing or a bracket.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the thin film solar cell may be composed of CIGS (copper, indium, gallium, selenium thin film solar cell), perovskite solar cell or perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cell.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention may further include: a fifth step of performing vacuum heat treatment on the solar cell to bond the lower cover glass, the thin film solar cell, the glass block and the upper cover glass to each other through the lower transparent resin layer, the upper transparent resin layer and the transparent resin.

[0016] In addition, the solar cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a lower cover glass; a lower transparent resin layer formed on the lower cover glass; a plurality of thin-film solar cells arranged on the lower transparent resin layer; a plurality of glass blocks arranged on the lower transparent resin layer respectively between each of the plurality of thin-film solar cells; an upper transparent resin layer formed on the upper part of the plurality of thin-film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks; and an upper cover glass arranged on the upper transparent resin layer. Beneficial Effects

[0017] According to the present invention, a solar cell having excellent visibility and a method for manufacturing the same are provided by using a sealing member having a refractive index similar to that of a thin film solar cell deposited on a glass substrate.

[0018] In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a solar cell having minimized image distortion, high transmittance, and excellent energy conversion efficiency, and a method for manufacturing the same. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is a top view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 is a flow chart for describing a method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a method for fixing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 is a diagram showing an image distortion phenomenon occurring in a solar cell according to the related art.

[0026] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing that the visibility of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Since the present invention is capable of various transformations and may have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all transformations, equivalents and even substitutes included within the scope of the present invention.

[0028] However, when describing the embodiments, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related well-known functions or structures may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for illustration and does not mean the actual size.

[0029] In addition, throughout the specification, when it is mentioned that a component is "connected" or "coupled" to another component, the component may be directly connected or directly coupled to the other component, and unless there is a clear statement to the contrary, it should be understood that it may also be connected or coupled by intervening other components. In addition, throughout the specification, when it is mentioned that a part "includes" a component, it may also include other components rather than exclude other components unless there is a clear statement to the contrary.

[0030] Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a top view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Below, we will refer to Figures 1 to 3 The structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0032] The solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include a lower cover glass 110 , a lower transparent resin layer 120 , a thin film solar cell 130 , a glass block 140 , a transparent resin 150 , an upper transparent resin layer 160 , and an upper cover glass 170 .

[0033] A lower transparent resin layer 120 is formed on the lower cover glass 110 .

[0034] At this time, the lower transparent resin layer 120 may be composed of a photocurable resin or a thermosetting resin. More specifically, the lower transparent resin layer 120 may be composed of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) and is configured to adhere the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140 to the lower cover glass 110 and be arranged on the lower cover glass 110 with a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0035] At this time, the lower cover glass 110 may be a tempered glass and configured to further include an anti-reflection film.

[0036] In order to minimize light reflection, a concavo-convex portion is formed on the surface where the lower cover glass 110 is bonded to the lower transparent resin layer 120. In addition, the thickness of the lower cover glass 110 is 0.5 to 10 mm.

[0037] A plurality of thin film solar cells 130 are arranged on the lower transparent resin layer 120 .

[0038] At this time, the thin film solar cell 130 can be constructed as electrodes with conductive tape structures bonded at both ends, or electrodes bonded by ultrasonic bonding or thermal bonding, so that the electrodes at the two ends of the aligned thin film solar cell 130 can be connected in parallel or in series.

[0039] In addition, the thin film solar cell 130 may be formed of a CIGS (copper, indium, gallium, selenium thin film solar cell), a perovskite solar cell or a perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cell.

[0040] In addition, the thin film solar cells 130 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be connected in series or in parallel with each other, and in order to connect electrodes, electrode tapes may be bonded to both ends of the thin film solar cells 130 having a monocrystalline silicon structure. The bonding method may use bonding using a conductive tape, ultrasonic bonding, or thermal bonding. In addition, in order to minimize the contact resistance during bonding, a portion of the thin film may be removed so as to contact the electrode.

[0041] At this time, in order to prevent poor adhesion and bubbles caused by the step difference when bonding with the upper cover glass 170, the step difference at the electrode connection portion can be minimized and made thinner than the thickness of EVA (lower transparent resin layer 120, transparent resin 150 and upper transparent resin layer 160).

[0042] In addition, the plurality of glass blocks 140 are respectively arranged between the plurality of thin film solar cells 130 on the lower transparent resin layer 120 .

[0043] At this time, the glass block 140 may be formed to the same height as the thin film solar cell 130 .

[0044] In addition, for the interface bonding between the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140, a transparent resin 150 made of an EVA material is further interposed therebetween.

[0045] In addition, the glass block 140 may be configured to have a width of 10 to 50 mm and a height of 5 to 20 mm, and may be adjusted to suit an aperture ratio and a capacity of the thin film solar cell 130 .

[0046] In addition, in order to minimize the refractive index and heterogeneity, the glass block 140 may use the same material as the lower cover glass 110 and the upper cover glass 170 .

[0047] The upper transparent resin layer 160 is formed on the upper portions of the plurality of thin film solar cells 130 and the plurality of glass blocks 140 , and the upper cover glass 170 is disposed on the upper transparent resin layer 160 .

[0048] That is, in order to protect the fixing module and smoothly adhere it to the glass block, an upper transparent resin layer 160 made of an EVA material is further arranged on the upper portion, and then an upper cover glass 170 is arranged for covering.

[0049] At this time, the upper transparent resin layer 160 may be formed of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) and is formed to adhere the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140 to the lower cover glass 110 and may be formed to a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0050] In addition, the upper cover glass 170 may be configured in the same manner as the lower cover glass 110 .

[0051] In more detail, a surface of the upper cover glass 170 bonded to the upper transparent resin layer 160 may be formed with concavo-convex portions to minimize light reflection, and the thickness of the upper cover glass 170 may be 0.5 to 10 mm.

[0052] In this way, the solar cell in which the upper cover glass 170 is disposed on the upper transparent resin layer 160 is completely bonded through the vacuum heat treatment process.

[0053] Figure 4 is a flow chart for illustrating a method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a method for fixing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Below, we will refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 A method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0055] First, the lower transparent resin layer 120 is formed on the lower cover glass 110 ( S410 ).

[0056] At this time, the lower transparent resin layer 120 may be composed of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) and configured to adhere the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140 to the lower cover glass 110, and may be disposed on the lower cover glass 110 with a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0057] At this time, the lower cover glass 110 may be a tempered glass, and may be configured to further include an anti-reflection film.

[0058] In addition, in order to minimize light reflection, a concavo-convex portion may be formed at the surface where the lower cover glass 110 is bonded to the lower transparent resin layer 120. In addition, the thickness of the lower cover glass 110 may be 0.5 to 10 mm.

[0059] Thereafter, a plurality of thin film solar cells 130 and a plurality of glass blocks 140 are arranged on the lower transparent resin layer 120 (S420).

[0060] At this time, the thin film solar cell 130 can be constructed with electrodes having conductive tape structures bonded to both ends, or electrodes bonded by ultrasonic bonding or thermal bonding, and the electrodes at both ends of the aligned thin film solar cell 130 are connected in parallel or in series.

[0061] In addition, the thin film solar cell 130 may be formed of a CIGS (copper, indium, gallium, selenium thin film solar cell), a perovskite solar cell or a perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cell.

[0062] In addition, the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140 may be sequentially arranged on the arranged lower transparent resin layer 120. At this time, in order to bond the interface between the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140, a transparent resin 150 made of an EVA material may be further interposed therebetween.

[0063] In addition, the glass block 140 may be configured to have a width of 10 to 50 mm and a height of 5 to 20 mm, and may be adjusted to suit an aperture ratio and a capacity of the thin film solar cell 130 .

[0064] At this time, in order to minimize the refractive index and heterogeneity, the glass block 140 may use the same material as the lower cover glass 110 and the upper cover glass 170 .

[0065] Thereafter, electrodes of the thin film solar cell 130 are connected (S430).

[0066] That is, in order to connect the electrodes of the thin film solar cell 130, the electrode tape may be bonded to both ends of the monocrystalline silicon (monolithic) thin film solar cell 130. The bonding method may use bonding using a conductive tape, ultrasonic bonding, or thermal bonding. In addition, in order to minimize the contact resistance during bonding, a portion of the thin film may be removed so that it contacts the electrode.

[0067] At this time, in order to prevent poor adhesion and bubbles caused by the step difference when bonding with the upper cover glass 170, the step difference at the electrode connection portion can be minimized and constructed to be thinner than the thickness of EVA (lower transparent resin layer 120, transparent resin 150 and upper transparent resin layer 160).

[0068] Thereafter, the lower cover glass 110 on which the thin film solar cells 130 and the glass block 140 are arranged may be fixed using a high temperature tape, a fixing case or a bracket, etc. ( S440 ).

[0069] That is to say, Figure 5 As shown, in order to prevent deformation of the solar cell 100 that may occur during the operation process, a fixing device 201 such as a high-temperature adhesive tape, a fixing housing or a bracket may be used for fixing.

[0070] Thereafter, an upper transparent resin layer 160 is formed on the upper portions of the plurality of thin film solar cells 130 and the plurality of glass blocks 140 , and an upper cover glass 170 is disposed on the upper transparent resin layer 160 , thereby constituting a solar cell ( S450 ).

[0071] That is, in order to protect the fixing module and smoothly bond it to the glass block, an upper transparent resin layer 160 made of an EVA material is further disposed on the upper portion, and then an upper cover glass 170 is disposed for covering.

[0072] At this time, the upper transparent resin layer 160 may be made of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) and is configured to adhere the thin film solar cell 130 and the glass block 140 to the lower cover glass 110 and to have a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0073] In addition, the upper cover glass 170 is configured similarly to the lower cover glass 110 .

[0074] In more detail, a surface of the upper cover glass 170 bonded to the upper transparent resin layer 160 may be formed with concavo-convex portions to minimize light reflection, and the thickness of the upper cover glass 170 may be 0.5 to 10 mm.

[0075] Thereafter, a lamination process is performed (S460).

[0076] In more detail, the solar cell is vacuum heat treated, and the lower cover glass 110 , the thin film solar cell 130 , the glass block 140 , and the upper cover glass 170 are bonded to each other through the lower transparent resin layer 120 , the upper transparent resin layer 160 , and the transparent resin 150 .

[0077] That is to say, a vacuum heat treatment process can be performed so that the lower cover glass 110, the thin film solar cell 130, the glass block 140 and the upper cover glass 170 can be perfectly bonded by EVA, and the vacuum heat treatment at this time is 50 to 200°C, and more specifically, 150°C is the optimal vacuum heat treatment temperature.

[0078] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 is a diagram showing an image distortion phenomenon occurring in a solar cell according to the prior art, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing visibility of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, it can be confirmed that the solar cell according to one embodiment of the present invention has excellent visibility.

[0080] In addition, it can be confirmed that: Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , the solar cell according to the prior art suffers from image distortion due to the distortion of light. Figure 8 The solar cell according to the present invention is shown to have very excellent visibility by using a sealing member having a refractive index similar to that of a thin film solar cell deposited on a glass substrate.

[0081] In the detailed description of the present invention as described above, specific embodiments are described. However, various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical idea of ​​the present invention should not be limited to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, and should be limited not only by the claims, but also by the equivalents of these claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a solar cell, comprising: The first step is to form a lower transparent resin layer on the lower cover glass; The second step is to arrange a plurality of thin film solar cells and a plurality of glass blocks on the lower transparent resin layer; The third step is to form an upper transparent resin layer on the upper parts of the plurality of thin film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks; as well as In the fourth step, a solar cell is formed by placing an upper cover glass on the upper transparent resin layer. Wherein, in the second step, on the lower transparent resin layer, a plurality of glass blocks are respectively arranged between respective thin film solar cells among the plurality of thin film solar cells.

2. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The second step further includes a step of further inserting a transparent resin between the glass block and the thin film solar cell.

3. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: A concavo-convex portion is formed on a surface of the lower cover glass or the upper cover glass.

4. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The thin film solar cell is configured such that electrodes having a conductive tape structure are bonded to both ends, or electrodes are bonded to the electrodes by ultrasonic bonding or thermal bonding.

5. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 4, wherein: In the second step, the electrodes at two ends of the aligned thin-film solar cells are connected in parallel or in series.

6. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The second step further includes a step of fixing the lower cover glass on which the plurality of thin-film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks are arranged by using a high-temperature adhesive tape, a fixing housing or a bracket.

7. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The thin film solar cell is composed of CIGS (copper, indium, gallium, selenium thin film solar cell), perovskite solar cell or perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cell.

8. The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to claim 2, further comprising: In a fifth step, the solar cell is subjected to vacuum heat treatment to bond the lower cover glass, the thin film solar cell, the glass block and the upper cover glass to each other through the lower transparent resin layer, the upper transparent resin layer and the transparent resin.

9. Solar cells, including: Lower cover glass; a lower transparent resin layer formed on the lower cover glass; A plurality of thin film solar cells are arranged on the lower transparent resin layer; a plurality of glass blocks, respectively arranged between the plurality of thin film solar cells on the lower transparent resin layer; an upper transparent resin layer formed on the upper portions of the plurality of thin film solar cells and the plurality of glass blocks; as well as The upper cover glass is arranged on the upper transparent resin layer.

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, wherein: A concavo-convex portion is formed on a surface of the lower cover glass or the upper cover glass.

11. The solar cell according to claim 9, wherein: The lower transparent resin layer and the upper transparent resin layer are made of a photocurable resin or a thermosetting resin.

12. The solar cell according to claim 9, wherein: The thin film solar cell is constructed with electrodes having conductive tape structures bonded to both ends, or electrodes bonded by ultrasonic bonding or thermal bonding, so that the electrodes at the two ends of the aligned thin film solar cell are connected in parallel or in series.

13. The solar cell according to claim 9, wherein: The thin film solar cell is composed of CIGS (copper, indium, gallium, selenium thin film solar cell), perovskite solar cell or perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cell.

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