Straw impurity removal device and straw impurity removal system

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw impurity removal device and a straw impurity removal system, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. A fine impurity screening area, a heavy impurity collecting area and a straw outlet are sequentially arranged on a screening box in the material flowing direction, and a material door capable of being opened and closed and a material blocking structure are arranged at a heavy impurity discharging opening of the heavy impurity collecting area in a matched mode; on the basis that the basic screening function of the reciprocating screen box is achieved, in the process that straw flows towards the straw outlet in a one-way mode, multi-stage impurity removal of the straw and effective separation of fine impurities and heavy impurities are achieved, the straw doped in the heavy impurities is effectively sorted through the material suction fan, sorting of the fine impurities, the heavy impurities and the straw can be achieved, and the screening efficiency of the reciprocating screen box is improved. In addition, winnowing of straw in heavy impurities can be completed at the moment that the heavy impurities are discharged; the material suction fan only needs to treat straw in heavy impurities, the power of the material suction fan is 1.5 kilowatts enough, the material suction fan can be matched with a material door to intermittently operate, and compared with a material suction fan in the prior art, the operation power consumption and cost are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, relates to a straw impurity removal technology, and in particular to a straw impurity removal device and a straw impurity removal system. Background Art

[0002] After the crops are harvested, the straw is scattered in the fields. During the collection and packaging process, dirt and impurities will be mixed into the straw bales. When these straw bales are processed into forage, the dirt and impurities must be removed. The wind separator can not only remove fine impurities smaller than the sieve holes through the sieve holes, but also remove heavy impurities such as soil blocks, stones, ice and iron that are larger than the sieve holes. The impurity removal is more thorough, so the wind separator is currently used more and more.

[0003] The structure principle of the wind classifier used for straw impurity removal is not exactly the same as that of the wind classifiers in other industries. The wind classifier used for straw impurity removal often includes a reciprocating screen, a suction fan and a shakron. The broken straw moves forward on the reciprocating screen, and the fine impurities smaller than the screen holes are removed through the screen holes. The heavy impurities larger than the screen holes will be closer to the screen of the reciprocating screen. The suction fan is installed at the end of the reciprocating screen, and its air suction port is the same width as the screen surface and close to the screen surface. When the fan works, it will suck away the broken straw covering the heavy impurities, and the heavy impurities will remain on the screen surface and continue to move forward. Finally, it will fall from the end of the reciprocating screen to separate from the broken straw. The broken straw sucked away by the fan is recovered by the shakron. For a wind classifier that processes 10 tons of straw per hour, the power of the suction fan is 37 to 45 kilowatts, and it needs to work continuously. The air separator used for straw impurity removal has the following disadvantages: heavy impurities contain a lot of straw, which is difficult to sort and causes straw waste; in addition, the use of high-power suction fans makes the straw impurity removal power consumption high and the operating cost high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel straw impurity removal device and straw impurity removal system to solve the problems of the existing wind separator impurity removal technology, such as heavy impurities containing a lot of straw, which are difficult to sort, and high power consumption of the suction fan and high operating cost.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a straw impurity removal device, comprising a reciprocating screen, a suction fan, a material blocking structure and a support frame, wherein:

[0006] The reciprocating screen includes a screen box and a screen box drive, the screen box is movably mounted on the support frame, a fine impurity screening area, a heavy impurity collection area and a straw outlet are sequentially arranged on the screen box along the material flow direction, the fine impurity screening area is provided with a screen that allows fine impurities to pass through, the heavy impurity collection area is provided with a heavy impurity discharge port, and an openable and closable material door is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port;

[0007] The material blocking structure is arranged on the screen box and is located between the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet. When the material door is closed, the heavy impurities and straw on the screen box can be collected in the heavy impurity collection area, and the material blocking structure can intercept the heavy impurities in the heavy impurity collection area. The straw can turn over the material blocking structure and be discharged through the straw outlet. When the material door is opened, the heavy impurities intercepted and accumulated in the heavy impurity collection area can be discharged through the heavy impurity discharge port.

[0008] The suction fan is used for air-selecting the straw discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port.

[0009] In one embodiment, the screen box is suspended on the support frame, and in a stationary state, the screen box is arranged to be tilted downward from high to low along the material flow direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the support frame comprises:

[0011] Bottom bracket;

[0012] A closed box shell, wherein the closed box shell is arranged on the bottom bracket, the reciprocating screen and the material blocking structure are both arranged in the closed box shell, a straw inlet is arranged on the closed box shell, and the shell bottom of the closed box shell is arranged to be open;

[0013] A hopper is provided at one end of the bottom of the closed box shell and is connected to the inside of the closed box shell. The hopper is used to collect the fine impurities screened out by the screen. A discharge port is provided on the hopper. A material conveyor is provided inside the hopper. The material conveyor is used to convey the fine impurities to the discharge port.

[0014] A second hopper is arranged at the other end of the bottom of the closed box shell and is connected to the interior of the closed box shell. The second hopper is used to collect heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port. A second discharge port is provided on the second hopper. A second material conveyor is arranged in the second hopper. The second material conveyor is used to convey the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port to the second discharge port.

[0015] In one embodiment, the material conveyor is a screw conveyor, and the conveying auger of the screw conveyor is arranged above the discharge port, and the spiral blades of the conveying auger located on both sides of the discharge port rotate in opposite directions to collect the fine debris on both sides of the discharge port to the discharge port.

[0016] In one embodiment, a U-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the second hopper, the second discharge port is provided at one end of the U-shaped groove, and the second material conveyor is a shaftless screw conveyor, which is installed in parallel in the U-shaped groove.

[0017] In one embodiment, the straw impurity removal device also includes an air selection channel, which is externally connected to the second discharge port, and the side wall of the air selection channel is connected to the second discharge port, one end of the air selection channel is downward and open, and the feed port of the suction fan is connected to the air selection channel.

[0018] In one embodiment, the suction fan is disposed on the screen box and is located at the lower end of the screen box; the suction fan is connected to the air selection channel through a connecting pipe.

[0019] In one embodiment, the screen box includes a bottom plate and side upright plates arranged on both sides of the bottom plate in the length direction; the fine debris screening area, the heavy debris collection area and the straw outlet are all arranged on the bottom plate.

[0020] In one embodiment, the material blocking structure is a material blocking vertical plate, and the material blocking vertical plate can form a triangular stacking area with the material door in a closed state, and the triangular stacking area is used to accommodate the heavy debris intercepted by the material blocking vertical plate.

[0021] In one embodiment, the material door includes a flap door and a flip drive, wherein:

[0022] The flap door is rotatably installed at the heavy and impurity discharge port through a door shaft;

[0023] The flip drive is arranged on the bottom plate of the screen box and is connected to the flap door. The flip drive is used to drive the flap door to flip relative to the heavy impurity discharge port so that the flap door switches between an open state and a closed state.

[0024] The present invention also proposes a straw impurity removal system, comprising a straw loading conveyor, a straw discharging conveyor and any one of the straw impurity removal devices described above; the straw loading conveyor is used to convey the straw to be cleaned to the screen box; the straw discharging conveyor is connected to the straw outlet and is used to receive the straw after impurities are removed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0026] The straw impurity removal device proposed in the present invention has a novel and reasonable structure. It arranges a fine impurity screening area, a heavy impurity collection area and a straw outlet in sequence on the screen box along the material flow direction, and an openable and closable material door and a material blocking structure are arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port of the heavy impurity collection area. On the basis of realizing the basic screening function of the reciprocating screen box, in the process of the straw flowing unidirectionally to the straw outlet, multi-stage impurity removal of straw and effective separation of fine impurities and heavy impurities are realized, and a suction fan is used to complete the effective sorting of straw mixed in the heavy impurities. Not only can the sorting of fine impurities, heavy impurities and straw be realized, but also the air selection of straw in the heavy impurities can be completed at the moment of heavy impurity discharge, thereby reducing the total amount of heavy impurities and improving the purity of heavy impurities. In addition, the suction fan of the present invention only needs to process the straw in the heavy impurities, and a large amount of qualified chopped straw does not need to be air-selected by the suction fan. The power of the suction fan is 1.5 kilowatts, which is sufficient, and it can be operated intermittently in conjunction with the material door. Compared with the suction fan in the prior art, the operating power consumption and cost are greatly reduced.

[0027] In some technical schemes of the present invention, a box shell that is completely closed on all sides and on the top is set on the top of the support frame, and a screen box is set in the box shell. The bottom of the box shell is connected to hopper one and basically closed hopper two. Based on this, fine impurities generated in the screening and impurity removal process fall into hopper one through the sieve holes of the screen, and the dust generated in the screening process is covered in a closed space formed by the closed box shell, hopper one and hopper two. The fine impurities in hopper one are pushed to discharge port one by material conveyor one, and discharge port one can be externally connected to a feeding air duct. The dusty air and fine impurities in the straw impurity removal device can be sucked away together through the feeding air duct, which is convenient for the subsequent collection, compression, and packaging of dust and fine impurities for takeout. The air quality at the equipment site is good, and there is basically no dust pollution.

[0028] The straw impurity removing system proposed in the present invention includes the above-mentioned straw impurity removing device. While having all the characteristics of the above-mentioned straw impurity removing device, it is also used in conjunction with a straw loading conveyor and a straw discharging conveyor to realize automatic loading and automatic receiving of the straw impurity removing device, thereby improving the automation and intelligence of straw impurity removing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a vertical cross-sectional view of the straw impurity removal device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2It is a top plan view of the straw impurity removal device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention without the screen box;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a screen box disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the straw impurity removal system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 100, straw impurity removal device; 200, straw impurity removal system; 300, straw feeding conveyor; 400, straw discharging conveyor;

[0035] 1. Reciprocating screen; 11. Screen box; 12. Screen mesh; 13. Screen box drive; 14. Straw inlet; 15. Fine impurity discharge port; 16. Heavy impurity discharge port; 17. Straw outlet; 18. Discharge hopper; 19. Suspension chain; 110. Side plate; 111. Bottom plate; 112. Door shaft seat; 113. Suspension ring; 114. Cam drive; 115. Drive motor; 116. Screen box connection structure;

[0036] 2. Suction fan; 21. Hose;

[0037] 3. Material blocking structure; 31. Triangular accumulation area;

[0038] 4. Material door; 41. Flap door; 42. Door shaft; 43. Flip drive;

[0039] 5. Hopper 1; 51. Discharge port 1;

[0040] 6. Material conveyor 1; 61. Spiral blade 1; 62. Spiral blade 2; 63. Spiral drive 1;

[0041] 7. Hopper 2; 71. Discharge port 2; 72. U-shaped trough;

[0042] 8. Wind selection channel;

[0043] 9. Material conveyor II; 91. Shaftless screw; 92. Screw drive II;

[0044] 10. Closed box shell; 101. Square tube frame; 102. Side panels; 103. Bottom bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a novel straw impurity removal device to solve the problems of existing wind separator impurity removal technology, such as heavy impurities containing a lot of straw, which are difficult to sort, and high power consumption of the suction fan and high operating cost.

[0047] Another object of the present invention is to provide a straw impurity removal system comprising the straw impurity removal device.

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 to Figure 3As shown, the present embodiment provides a straw impurity removal device 100, which mainly includes a support frame, a reciprocating screen 1, a suction fan 2 and a material blocking structure 3, wherein the reciprocating screen 1 includes a screen box 11 and a screen box drive 13, the screen box 11 is movably mounted on the support frame, and a fine impurity screening area, a heavy impurity collection area and a straw outlet 17 are sequentially arranged on the screen box 11 along the material flow direction, the fine impurity screening area is provided with a screen 12 that allows fine impurities to pass through, the heavy impurity collection area is provided with a heavy impurity discharge port 16, and an openable and closable material door 4 is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port 16; the screen box drive 13 is connected to the screen box 11, and is used to drive the screen box 11 to reciprocate relative to the support frame to achieve screening of straw and impurities on the screen box 11. Generally, the screen box drive 13 can drive the screen box 11 to reciprocate along the aforementioned material flow direction. An openable and closable material gate 4 is provided at the heavy impurity discharge port 16; the material blocking structure 3 is arranged on the screen box 11 and is located between the heavy impurity discharge port 16 and the straw outlet 17. When the material gate 4 is in a closed state, the heavy impurity discharge port 16 is closed, and the heavy impurities and straw on the screen box 11 move to the end of the screen 12 along the material flow direction, and can continue to move toward the end of the screen box 11, and then can be gathered at the heavy impurity discharge port 16. At this time, the material blocking structure 3 can intercept the heavy impurities at the heavy impurity discharge port 16 by using its height, and the heavy impurities are mainly supported by the material gate 4, and the straw can turn over the material blocking structure 3 and be discharged through the straw outlet 17. After the straw impurity removing device 100 has been working for a period of time, the material gate 4 can be opened, and the heavy impurities intercepted and accumulated at the heavy impurity discharge port 16 can be discharged through the heavy impurity discharge port 16. It should be noted that the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port 16 include but are not limited to common clods of earth, stones, ice and iron that are larger than the mesh of the screen 12, and the heavy impurities are often mixed with fine, unqualified straw fragments. The aforementioned suction fan 2 is mainly used to collect straw fragments mixed in the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port 16. In the process of heavy impurities being discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port 16, clods of earth, stones, ice and iron will fall under their own gravity due to their large mass, while the mixed straw fragments will be collected separately under the negative pressure adsorption of the suction fan 2 due to their light mass, thereby solving the problem that heavy impurities contain a lot of straw and are difficult to sort.

[0051] In one embodiment, the support frame includes a bottom bracket 103 and a closed box shell 10 disposed on the bottom bracket 103. The closed box shell 10 is preferably a rectangular box structure, which is supported on the ground by the bottom bracket 103. The closed box shell 10 itself includes a rectangular square tube frame 101, the side walls and the top of the square tube frame 101 are closed, and the bottom of the square tube frame 101 is open. The bottom bracket 103 used can also be made of square tubes. The reciprocating screen 1 and the material blocking structure 3 are both disposed in the closed box shell 10, and a straw inlet 14 is disposed on the top plate of the closed box shell 10. Figure 1As described above, the straw inlet 14, the fine impurity screening area, the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet 17 are sequentially arranged along the material flow direction, and the straw material entering through the straw inlet 14 can directly fall into the fine impurity screening area. It should be noted that the bottom of the closed box shell 10 has a hollow connected to the straw outlet 17, and the straw discharged from the straw outlet 17 can be discharged through the bottom of the closed box shell 10 in time.

[0052] In one embodiment, the screen box 11 is preferably suspended in the closed box shell 10, and the screen box 11 is arranged downwardly from high to low along the material flow direction, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fine impurity discharge port 15, the heavy impurity discharge port 16 and the straw outlet 17 are arranged in descending order in height along the material flow direction, wherein the heavy impurity discharge port 16 and the straw outlet 17 are both arranged close to the end (lower end) of the screen box 11. As a preferred embodiment, the screen box 11 includes a bottom plate 111 and side panels 110 arranged on both sides of the length direction of the bottom plate 111, and the aforementioned fine impurity screening area, heavy impurity collection area and straw outlet 17 are all arranged on the bottom plate 111; in a stationary state, the entire screen box 11, that is, the bottom plate 111, preferably has an angle of 4° to 8° with the horizontal plane (i.e. the ground). Figure 1 As shown, the closed box shell 10 is also arranged at an inclination, and the longitudinal axis of the closed box shell 10 is parallel to the screen box 11. The screen box 11 is arranged at an inclination along the material flow direction, providing a slope for the straw, fine impurities, heavy impurities and other materials in the screen box 11, so that the straw, fine impurities, heavy impurities and other materials can move by their own gravity.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the screen box 11 is suspended in the closed box shell 10 by a suspension chain 19. Figure 3 As shown, a suspension ring 113 is provided on the side plate 110 of the screen box 11, and the bottom end of the suspension chain 19 is connected to the suspension ring 113, and the top end is connected to the top of the closed box shell 10. A plurality of suspension rings 113 are generally provided on the periphery of the screen box 11, and the screen box 11 can be suspended in the closed box shell 10 through a plurality of suspension chains 19.

[0054] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a hopper 1 5 and a hopper 2 7 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the closed box shell 10 along the material flow direction, and the position of the closed box shell 10 connected to the hopper 1 5 is a fine impurity discharge port 15 for fine impurities to pass through. A discharge port 1 51 is provided on the hopper 1 5, and a material conveyor 1 6 is arranged inside the hopper 1 5. The material conveyor 1 6 is used to convey the fine impurities discharged from the fine impurity discharge port 15 to the discharge port 1 51. A discharge port 2 71 is provided on the hopper 2 7, and a material conveyor 2 9 is arranged inside the hopper 2 7. The material conveyor 2 9 is used to convey the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port 16 to the discharge port 2 71.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the hopper 15 is a conical hopper, the large end of which is sealed and connected to the fine impurities discharge port 15, and the small end is provided with a discharge port 151. The conical side wall of the hopper 15 is conducive to the fine impurities to gather at the discharge port 151, so as to facilitate the rapid emptying of the fine impurities in the hopper 15. Among them, the fine impurities discharge port 15, that is, the top inlet of the hopper 15, is preferably a rectangular port, and its length direction is parallel to the length direction of the bottom plate 111. The fine impurities discharge port 15 is preferably located directly below the screen 12, and the fine impurities discharge port 15 can be longer than the two ends of the screen 12 at both ends in the length direction of the screen 12, or shorter than the two ends of the screen 12 at both ends, or just flush with the two ends of the screen 12 at both ends. Among them, when the fine impurities discharge port 15 is set shorter than the two ends of the screen 12 at both ends in the length direction of the screen 12, the length of the fine impurities discharge port 15 preferably occupies two-thirds to four-fifths of the length of the screen 12. The arrangement of the fine impurity discharge port 15 and the screen 12 is conducive to extending the screening path and screening time of the fine impurities in the straw on the screen 12, thereby improving the screening rate of the fine impurities in the straw.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the discharge port 51 is small, which can ensure the sealing of the hopper 5 during operation. In order to further improve the dust-free effect of the fine debris discharge and collection process, the discharge port 51 can also be connected to a conveying air duct to collect the fine debris in the hopper 5 and transfer it to the corresponding position through the closed conveying air duct.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the material conveyor 6 is a screw conveyor, and the conveying auger of the screw conveyor is arranged above the discharge port 51, and the conveying auger is arranged parallel to the bottom plate 111. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the spiral blades of the conveying auger of the screw conveyor, namely the spiral blade 1 61 and the spiral blade 2 62, located on both sides of the discharge port 1 51, rotate in opposite directions, so that when the conveying auger rotates, the spiral blade 1 61 and the spiral blade 2 62 can be used to collect the fine impurities on both sides of the discharge port 1 51 to the discharge port 1 51, thereby improving the feeding efficiency. The screw conveyor is a conventional part, and the two ends of the shaft of the conveying auger can be rotatably mounted on the bucket wall of the hopper 1 5 through bearings. The screw drive of the screw conveyor is mostly a motor, which can be set on the outer wall of the hopper 1 5 through a motor seat, and the output end of the motor passes through the bucket wall of the hopper 1 5 and is connected to the end of the conveying auger to drive the conveying auger to rotate.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, a U-shaped groove 72 is provided at the bottom of the hopper 7, and a discharge port 71 is provided at one end of the U-shaped groove 72. The material conveyor 9 is a shaftless screw conveyor, which is a conventional part. Its shaftless screw 91 is installed in parallel in the U-shaped groove 72, and the two ends of the shaft of the shaftless screw 91 can be rotatably installed at the two ends of the U-shaped groove 72 through bearings. The screw drive 92 of the shaftless screw conveyor mostly adopts a motor, which can be set on the outer wall of the hopper 7 through a motor seat. The output end of the motor passes through the hopper wall of the hopper 7 and is connected to one end of the shaftless screw 91 to drive the shaftless screw 91 to rotate, and the other end of the shaftless screw 91 is connected to the discharge port 71 to transport the heavy impurities collected in the hopper 7 to the discharge port 71 and discharge them. Among them, the heavy impurity discharge port 16 is preferably a strip port parallel to the width direction of the screen box 11, and the hopper 2 7 is a conical hopper, the large end of which is arranged as a whole across the width direction of the screen box 11 and sealed and docked with the strip port, and the small end is provided with the aforementioned U-shaped groove 72, the U-shaped groove 72 is parallel to the strip port, and correspondingly, the shaftless spiral 91 in the U-shaped groove 72 is also parallel to the strip port. In order to improve the heavy impurity discharge effect and discharge efficiency, it is preferred that the length of the strip port and the U-shaped groove 72 are equal to or substantially equal to the width of the screen box 11. It should be noted that the screen box 11 is generally a rectangular structure, and its two sides in the width direction are generally clearance-matched with the inner wall of the closed box shell 10, that is, the screen surface width of the screen box 11 is slightly smaller than the width of the closed box shell 10. In practical applications, the shaftless spiral 91 can be a shaftless spiral with an outer diameter of 200 mm.

[0059] In one embodiment, the screen 12 can be a manganese steel wire mesh with a mesh number of 5 to 10, or a punching mesh.

[0060] In one embodiment, the feed port of the suction fan 2 is connected to the second discharge port 71 through the air selection channel 8. The air selection channel 8 is preferably a rectangular tube, the cross-section of the rectangular tube can be a square of 320mm×320mm, the air selection channel 8 is vertically installed, the bottom is completely open, the air selection channel 8 is connected to the second discharge port 71 through the side wall, the top of the air selection channel 8 is reduced to form a circular tube section with an outer diameter of 219mm, the circular tube section is coaxial with the rectangular tube, and the feed port of the suction fan 2 can be connected to the top of the circular tube section through a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe can be a hose, and is preferably a polyurethane copper-plated steel wire hose with an inner diameter of 220mm. The overall length of the above-mentioned air selection channel 8 can be flexibly set according to the situation.

[0061] As a further preferred solution, an installation space is reserved at the end of the straw outlet 17 in the screen box 11, and the screen box drive 13 and the suction fan 2 are installed in the installation space.

[0062] In one embodiment, the screen box drive 13 adopts a common cam drive mechanism, which includes a cam drive 114 and a drive motor 115. A screen box connecting structure 116 is provided at the end of the screen box 11. The screen box connecting structure 116 generally adopts a hanging ear structure. The output end of the cam drive 114 is hinged to the screen box connecting structure 116. The drive motor 115 is used to drive the cam drive 114 to operate, thereby utilizing the cam drive characteristics of the cam drive 114 to drive the entire screen 12 to reciprocate along the material flow direction.

[0063] The “material flow direction” mentioned above, such as Figure 1 The middle arrow specifically refers to the direction in which the straw moves from the straw inlet 14 to the straw outlet 17 , and this direction is parallel to the inclination direction of the screen box 11 .

[0064] In one embodiment, the material door 4 includes a flap door 41 and a flip drive 43, wherein the flap door 41 is rotatably installed at the heavy impurity discharge port 16 through a door shaft 42; the flip drive 43 is arranged on the screen box 11 and connected to the flap door 41, and the flip drive 43 is used to drive the flap door 41 to flip relative to the heavy impurity discharge port 16, so that the flap door 41 switches between an open state and a closed state.

[0065] Based on the strip-shaped structure of the heavy impurity discharge port 16, the flap door 41 in this embodiment is preferably a strip-shaped flap door that matches the size of the strip-shaped flap door. The length direction of the flap door 41 is perpendicular to the width direction of the screen box 11. A door shaft seat 112 is provided at the bottom of the side vertical plates 110 on both sides of the length direction of the screen box 11. The flap door 41 is rotatably connected to the door shaft seat 112 through the door shaft 42. The flip drive 43 is preferably a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is hinged to the bottom of the bottom plate 111, and the other end is hinged to the flap door 41. The cylinder is retracted and can drive the flap door 41 to open and close, and generally can drive the flap door 41 to flip 90 degrees around the door shaft 42. As a preferred embodiment, the width of the flap door 41 is 250 mm to 400 mm, and the length of the flap door 41 is equal to or slightly larger than the screen surface width of the screen box 11. As a further preferred solution, when the flap door 41 is in a closed state, it can be seamlessly embedded in the above-mentioned heavy impurity discharge port 16. At this time, the upper surface of the flap door 41 is flush with or slightly higher than the upper surface of the bottom plate 111.

[0066] In one embodiment, the material blocking structure 3 is a material blocking plate arranged across the length direction of the strip opening, the material blocking plate is arranged near one side edge of the strip opening (i.e., one side edge of the strip opening near the straw outlet 17), and the material blocking plate can form a triangular accumulation area 31 with the closed material door 4, and the triangular accumulation area 31 is used to accommodate the heavy impurities intercepted by the material blocking plate. As a preferred embodiment, the material blocking plate is a rectangular plate with a height of 6 cm to 10 cm and a width equal to or slightly larger than the screen surface width of the screen box 11, and the material blocking plate is preferably perpendicular to the bottom plate 111, and the material blocking plate can be welded to the inner wall of the side plate 110 of the screen box 11 through the short sides at both ends in the length direction.

[0067] The following is a detailed description of the use process and principle of the straw impurity removal device 100:

[0068] The crushed straw is transported to the straw inlet 14, and falls onto the screen 12 of the screen box 11 through the straw inlet 14. The screen box drive 13 drives the screen box 11 to move back and forth along the material flow direction, so that the crushed straw can continuously move toward the end of the screen box 11 on the screen surface, and complete the impurity removal during the movement. Specifically: fine impurities will fall into the hopper 5 under the screen through the screen holes of the screen 12. The hopper 5 can store a large amount of fine impurities, and the material conveyor 6 in the hopper 5 can discharge the fine impurities from the discharge port 51 in the hopper 5; heavy impurities and crushed straw cannot pass through the screen holes of the screen 12, and will continue to move downward along the screen surface, and the heavy impurities are closer to the screen surface, and are finally intercepted by the blocking structure 3 in the triangular accumulation area 31; qualified crushed straw will turn over the blocking structure 3, and finally be discharged from the straw outlet 17 to enter the next process. The bottom of the straw outlet 17 can be connected to a discharge hopper 18 with a guide inclined plate to facilitate the smooth discharge of crushed straw from the straw outlet 17. Open the flap door 41 regularly to allow the heavy impurities and a small amount of broken straw on the heavy impurities accumulated in the triangular accumulation area 31 to fall into the hopper 2 7 below, and then quickly close the flap door 41 to prevent more straw from falling. The shaftless screw 91 in the hopper 2 7 works to transport the materials in the hopper 2 7 to the air selection channel 8 at one end thereof, and at the same time, the suction fan 2 is started to form an upward air flow in the air selection channel 8, and the air flow rate can be controlled at 3m / s to 10m / s. The heavy impurities and broken straw entering the air selection channel 8, the heavy impurities such as soil blocks, stones, ice, iron, etc. with a larger specific gravity will fall from the bottom opening of the air selection channel 8 to the ground or the corresponding receiving container, and the broken straw with a lighter specific gravity will be sucked away by the upward air flow for recycling.

[0069] In actual applications, a closed box shell 10 is arranged outside the screen box 11. The closed box shell 10 is completely closed on all sides and on the top, and is connected to a hopper 5 and a basically closed hopper 2 7 at the bottom. Based on this, fine impurities generated during the screening and impurity removal process fall into the hopper 5 through the sieve holes of the screen 12, and the dust generated during the screening process is covered in a closed space formed by the closed box shell 10, the hopper 5 and the hopper 2 7. The fine impurities in the hopper 5 are pushed to the discharge port 51 by the material conveyor 6. The discharge port 51 can be connected to a feed air duct. The dusty air and fine impurities in the straw impurity removal device 100 can be sucked away together through the feed air duct, which is convenient for the subsequent collection, compression, and packaging of the dust and fine impurities for takeout. The air quality at the equipment site is good, and there is basically no dust pollution.

[0070] The beneficial effects of the straw impurity removal device 100 are as follows:

[0071] (i) Based on the overall structural design of the above-mentioned reciprocating screen 1, multi-stage impurity removal of straw and effective separation of fine impurities and heavy impurities can be achieved during the unidirectional flow of straw to the straw outlet 17, and the suction fan 2 is used to effectively sort the straw mixed with heavy impurities, and finally three parts of screening products are obtained: one is qualified broken straw, which is discharged from the straw outlet 17 and is used to produce high-quality fodder; the second is fine impurities and dust discharged from the discharge port 1 51, the main components of which are fine soil and straw powder, which are collected, compressed and packaged after being transported in a closed manner through the feed conveying air duct and can be sold as a commodity; the third is heavy impurities discharged from the discharge port 2 71 that basically do not contain usable straw, the total amount is small, and it is easy to collect and dispose of it in a centralized manner, and the iron therein can be sucked out by a magnet, thereby solving the problem of straw screening materials piling up and being difficult to handle in the prior art.

[0072] (ii) In the prior art, the suction fan needs to suck up all the straw from the screen surface. The screen surface is relatively wide, and the suction fan needs a much larger air volume, leaving heavy impurities on the screen surface. The amount of impurities is large, and the total amount of heavy impurities is large. The suction fan power is at least 37 to 45 kilowatts and needs to run continuously. The fan power consumption is too high, and the fan blades are seriously worn. The discharge end of the suction fan often needs to be equipped with a Shaklon material collector, which not only makes the equipment bulky, but also has high power consumption and cost. The suction fan 2 of the present scheme is connected with the second discharge port 71 through the air separation channel 8 with the bottom opening. It can not only complete the air separation of the straw in the heavy impurities at the moment when the heavy impurities pass through the second discharge port 71, thereby reducing the total amount of heavy impurities and improving the purity of the heavy impurities, but the suction fan 2 only needs to process the straw in the heavy impurities, and a large amount of qualified chopped straw does not need to be air-separated by the suction fan 2. The power of the suction fan 2 is 1.5 kilowatts, which is sufficient and can operate intermittently. Compared with the suction fan in the existing technology, the operating power consumption and cost are greatly reduced.

[0073] (III) The straw impurity removal device of the present scheme is relatively closed as a whole. The four sides and the top of the closed box shell 10 are completely closed. The bottom of the closed box shell 10 is connected to a basically closed hopper 5. Fine impurities generated during the screening process fall into the hopper 5. The dust generated during the screening process is covered in the closed space formed by the straw impurity removal device. The fine impurities in the hopper 5 are pushed to the discharge port 51 at the bottom of the hopper 5 by the screw conveyor. The discharge port 51 is externally connected to a feeding air duct. The dusty air and fine impurities in the straw impurity removal device 100 can be sucked away together through the feeding air duct, which is convenient for the subsequent collection, compression, and packaging of the dust and fine impurities for takeout. The air quality at the equipment site is good, and there is basically no dust pollution.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment proposes a straw impurity removal system 200, which includes a straw loading conveyor 300, a straw discharging conveyor 400 and the straw impurity removal device 100 of Example 1; the straw loading conveyor 300 is connected to the straw inlet 14 and is used to convey the straw to be cleaned into the closed box shell 10; the straw discharging conveyor 400 is connected to the straw outlet 17 and is used to receive the straw discharged from the straw outlet 17 after impurities are removed.

[0076] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw impurity removal device, characterized in that: It comprises a reciprocating screen (1), a suction fan (2), a material blocking structure (3) and a support frame, wherein: The reciprocating screen (1) comprises a screen box (11) and a screen box drive (13); the screen box (11) is movably mounted on the support frame; a fine impurity screening area, a heavy impurity collection area and a straw outlet (17) are sequentially arranged on the screen box (11) along the material flow direction; the fine impurity screening area is provided with a screen (12) capable of allowing fine impurities to pass through; the heavy impurity collection area is provided with a heavy impurity discharge port (16); and an openable and closable material door (4) is arranged at the heavy impurity discharge port (16); The material blocking structure (3) is arranged on the screen box (11) and is located between the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet (17); when the material door (4) is closed, the heavy impurities and straw on the screen box (11) can be collected in the heavy impurity collection area, and the material blocking structure (3) can intercept the heavy impurities at the heavy impurity collection area, and the straw can turn over the material blocking structure (3) and be discharged through the straw outlet (17); when the material door (4) is opened, the heavy impurities intercepted and accumulated in the heavy impurity collection area can be discharged through the heavy impurity discharge port (16); The suction fan (2) is used for air-selecting the straw discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port (16).

2. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen box (11) is suspended on the support frame, and in a stationary state, the screen box (11) is arranged to be tilted downward from high to low along the material flow direction.

3. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support frame comprises: Bottom bracket (103); A closed box shell (10), the closed box shell (10) is arranged on the bottom bracket (103), the reciprocating screen (1) and the material blocking structure (3) are both arranged in the closed box shell (10), a straw inlet (14) is arranged on the closed box shell (10), and the bottom of the closed box shell (10) is open; A hopper (5) is arranged at one end of the bottom of the closed box shell (10) and is communicated with the interior of the closed box shell (10). The hopper (5) is used to collect fine impurities screened out by the screen (12). A discharge port (51) is provided on the hopper (5). A material conveyor (6) is provided inside the hopper (5). The material conveyor (6) is used to convey the fine impurities to the discharge port (51). A second hopper (7) is arranged at the other end of the bottom of the closed box shell (10) and is connected to the interior of the closed box shell (10). The second hopper (7) is used to collect heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port (16); a second discharge port (71) is provided on the second hopper (7), and a second material conveyor (9) is arranged in the second hopper (7). The second material conveyor (9) is used to convey the heavy impurities discharged from the heavy impurity discharge port (16) to the second discharge port (71).

4. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material conveyor 1 (6) is a screw conveyor, and the conveying auger of the screw conveyor is arranged above the discharge port 1 (51), and the spiral blades of the conveying auger located on both sides of the discharge port 1 (51) rotate in opposite directions to collect the fine impurities on both sides of the discharge port 1 (51) to the discharge port 1 (51).

5. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the second hopper (7) is provided with a U-shaped groove (72), the second discharge port (71) is provided at one end of the U-shaped groove (72), and the second material conveyor (9) is a shaftless screw conveyor, which is installed in parallel in the U-shaped groove (72).

6. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an air selection channel (8), the air selection channel (8) is externally connected to the second discharge port (71), and the side wall of the air selection channel (8) is connected to the second discharge port (71), one end of the air selection channel (8) is downward and open, and the feed port of the suction fan (2) is connected to the air selection channel (8).

7. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The screen box (11) comprises a bottom plate and side upright plates arranged on both sides of the bottom plate in the length direction; the fine impurity screening area, the heavy impurity collection area and the straw outlet (17) are all arranged on the bottom plate.

8. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material blocking structure (3) is a material blocking vertical plate, and the material blocking vertical plate can form a triangular stacking area (31) with the material door (4) in a closed state, and the triangular stacking area (31) is used to accommodate the heavy impurities intercepted by the material blocking vertical plate.

9. The straw impurity removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material door (4) comprises a flap door (41) and a turning drive (43), wherein: The flap door (41) is rotatably mounted at the heavy impurity discharge port (16) via a door shaft (42); The flip drive (43) is arranged on the bottom plate of the screen box (11) and is connected to the flap door (41). The flip drive (43) is used to drive the flap door (41) to flip relative to the heavy impurity discharge port (16) so that the flap door (41) switches between an open state and a closed state.

10. A straw impurity removal system, characterized in that: It comprises a straw feeding conveyor (300), a straw discharging conveyor (400) and a straw impurity removal device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the straw feeding conveyor (300) is used to convey the straw to be impurity removed to the screen box (11); The straw discharging conveyor (400) is arranged in connection with the straw outlet (17) and is used to receive the straw after the impurities are removed.

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