Shaft machining numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention provides a numerical control machine tool for shaft machining, and belongs to the technical field of machine tools. The problem that an existing long shaft machining numerical control machine tool is prone to damaging a long shaft during discharging is solved. The shaft machining numerical control machine tool comprises a machine table and further comprises a feeding device, a fixing device, a machining device and a discharging device, the discharging device is located at the rear end of the machine table and comprises a frame body, a first material receiving mechanism, a second material receiving mechanism and a material storage tank located on one side of the frame body, and the first material receiving mechanism is provided with a material receiving plate used for containing a long shaft; the second material receiving mechanism is provided with a material receiving hopper located in the material storage groove, the first material receiving mechanism can drive the material receiving plate to move back and forth along the X axis of the machine table and enable the long shafts in the material receiving plate to fall into the material receiving hopper, and the material receiving hopper can ascend and descend vertically and place the long shafts into the material storage groove. The device is ingenious in design, the machined long shaft can be moved into the storage tank lightly, rigid collision of large impact of the long shaft is avoided, and the yield of products is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools and relates to a CNC machine tool for shaft processing. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve efficiency, automation is becoming more and more popular in the field of CNC machining, and more and more CNC machine tools can realize the automation of the whole process from loading, fixing, processing to unloading. However, the unloading device of most CNC machine tools currently only pushes the finished workpiece from the workstation through the push rod and makes it fall into the receiving bin. However, since some long-axis workpieces have extremely high precision requirements, if the workpiece is simply pushed out and falls into the receiving bin, due to the large height difference, it is very easy to cause violent rigid collision between the workpieces, resulting in damage to the workpiece surface and affecting the yield rate. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems in the prior art and propose a CNC machine tool for shaft processing. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to achieve automatic material unloading while avoiding damage to the workpiece.

[0004] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A CNC machine tool for machining shafts, comprising a machine platform, characterized in that it also comprises: a loading device, located at the front end of the machine platform, for placing a long shaft blank and conveying the long shaft blank to a machining position on the machine platform;

[0005] A fixing device, located on the machine platform, is used to clamp and fix the long shaft blank and drive the long shaft blank to rotate;

[0006] A processing device for processing long shaft blanks;

[0007] The unloading device is located at the rear end of the machine, and includes a frame, a material receiving mechanism 1, a material receiving mechanism 2, and a material storage trough located on one side of the frame. The material receiving mechanism 1 has a material receiving plate for placing the long axis, and the material receiving mechanism 2 has a material receiving hopper located in the material storage trough. The material receiving mechanism 1 can drive the material receiving plate to move back and forth along the X-axis of the machine and can make the long axis in the material receiving plate fall into the material receiving hopper. The material receiving hopper can be lifted up and down and place the long axis into the material storage trough.

[0008] The material unloading device of the present invention cooperates with a material receiving mechanism one and a material receiving mechanism two. The material receiving mechanism one first moves the processed long axis horizontally to one side of the material storage trough and is located above the material receiving mechanism two, and then the material receiving mechanism two moves the long axis to the bottom of the material storage trough or near the long axis that has been accumulated in the material storage trough. The falling height difference of the long axis is small, the kinetic energy generated is also small, and the collision impact generated is also small, thereby avoiding damage.

[0009] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, the frame is provided with a slide rail extending along the X-axis, the material receiving mechanism also includes a sliding seat slidably connected to the slide rail and a driving cylinder fixed on the frame, the piston rod of the driving cylinder is connected to the sliding seat, the frame is also provided with a boss, the material receiving plate is rotatably connected to the sliding seat, the bottom of the material receiving plate is also provided with a guide plate, the guide plate has a guiding inclined surface for cooperating with the boss and enabling the material receiving plate to flip toward one side of the material storage trough, and the material receiving plate is also connected to an elastic member for driving the material receiving plate to reset. In this way, when the driving cylinder with the sliding seat and the material receiving plate translates, the guide plate on the material receiving plate can contact the boss on the frame and flip the material receiving plate, so that the long axis on the material receiving plate rolls toward one side of the material storage trough.

[0010] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool for shaft processing, a material blocking plate is also provided on the side of the material receiving plate away from the material storage trough.

[0011] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, the boss is a rolling bearing, so that the boss and the guide plate can cooperate more smoothly and have less wear.

[0012] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, the receiving hopper includes a hopper body and a clamping claw, the clamping claw is hinged with the hopper body and encloses a placement slot for placing the long shaft, and the bottom of the clamping claw is hinged with a push rod for pushing the clamping claw and flipping the clamping claw to the side away from the hopper body. When the receiving hopper moves down with the long shaft, after the push rod contacts and abuts against the bottom wall of the storage tank or the long shaft already placed in the storage tank, the push rod drives the clamping claw to flip relative to the hopper body and open the placement slot, so that the long shaft in the receiving hopper rolls outward and falls into the storage tank.

[0013] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, the lower end of the push rod is connected to a counterweight bar for turning the claw toward the side of the hopper body. The setting of the counterweight bar enables the receiving hopper to automatically remain in a closed state when it is away from the bottom wall of the storage tank or away from the long shafts accumulated in the storage tank, so as to place the long shafts delivered by the receiving mechanism.

[0014] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, a spring is provided between the hopper body and the clamping claw for turning the clamping claw toward the hopper body. With this structure, the automatic closing of the receiving hopper can also be achieved.

[0015] In the above-mentioned CNC machine tool for shaft processing, a side of the material storage trough close to the material receiving mechanism is provided with a plurality of slide grooves which are arranged at intervals and extend downward, the back of the hopper body is provided with a plurality of sliding blocks which cooperate with the slide grooves, and the frame is also provided with a lifting drive mechanism which moves the material receiving hopper downward when the long shaft is placed in the material receiving hopper and drives the material receiving hopper to move upward when the long shaft leaves the material receiving hopper.

[0016] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, the lifting drive mechanism includes a fixed pulley, a cable and a counterweight block. The fixed pulley is located above the slideway, and the cable is wound on the fixed pulley and the two ends are respectively connected to the counterweight block and the hopper body. When the long shaft is placed in the receiving hopper, the weight of the extended shaft of the receiving hopper is greater than the weight of the counterweight block, so that the receiving hopper and the long shaft move downward along the slideway together and the counterweight block rises; when the long shaft leaves the receiving hopper, the weight of the counterweight block is greater than the weight of the receiving hopper, so that the counterweight block descends and drives the receiving hopper to rise.

[0017] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, a rotary damper is provided on the rotating shaft of the fixed pulley. The setting of the damper can further slow down the falling speed of the receiving hopper, thereby consuming the kinetic energy generated by the long shaft unloading and further reducing the impact force when the long shaft collides.

[0018] In the above-mentioned shaft processing CNC machine tool, the lifting drive mechanism includes a first tension spring and a second spring arranged along the length direction of the slide slot, the first tension spring is located above the receiving hopper and its two ends are respectively connected to the hopper body and the frame, the second spring is located below the receiving hopper and its two ends are respectively connected to the hopper body and the frame. The first tension spring and the second spring together form a spring group for driving the receiving hopper to move upward. When the long shaft is placed in the receiving hopper, the gravity applied by the long shaft and the receiving hopper to the spring group is greater than the upward elastic force of the spring group, so that the receiving hopper and the long shaft move downward; when the long shaft leaves the receiving hopper, the gravity applied by the receiving hopper to the spring group is less than the upward elastic force of the spring group, and the spring group drives the receiving hopper to rise.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention has a fully automated design for loading, processing and unloading, and has higher processing efficiency. Moreover, the unloading device cooperates with the material receiving mechanism 1 and the material receiving mechanism 2 to first translate the long axis after processing to the top of the material storage tank, and then moves the long axis to the material storage tank through the material receiving mechanism 2, so as to avoid high-intensity collision between the long axes and damage to the surface, thereby improving the yield rate.

[0021] 2. The receiving hopper of the present invention adopts an ingenious structure of a fixed pulley and a configuration block. There is no need to set up an additional power source. The potential energy of the falling long shaft can be used to realize the lifting and lowering of the receiving hopper. The receiving hopper is formed by hinged hopper body and bucket claws, and the unloading of the receiving hopper can be realized through the top rod at the bottom, ensuring that the long shaft can contact and collide with other long shafts with extremely low kinetic energy, thereby further protecting the outer surface of the long shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the unloading device;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 is a side view of the unloading device;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle C part;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coordination between the receiving hopper and the storage tank;

[0029] Figure 8 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the second material receiving mechanism;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the receiving hopper.

[0031] In the figure, 1, feeding device; 2, machine table; 31, clamping mechanism; 32, support frame; 4, processing device; 5, unloading device; 51, frame; 52, storage trough; 52a, slide groove; 53, slide rail; 54, boss; 61, sliding seat; 62, receiving plate; 621, guide plate; 622, material blocking plate; 63, driving cylinder; 64, elastic member; 7, receiving hopper; 71, hopper body; 711, slider; 72, claw; 73, push rod; 74, counterweight bar; 7a, placement groove; 81, fixed pulley; 82, cable; 83, counterweight block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] A CNC machine tool for shaft processing, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a loading device 1, a machine table 2, a fixing device, a processing device 4 and a unloading device 5, wherein the loading device 1 is located at the front side of the machine table 2, the unloading device 5 is located at the rear side of the machine table 2, the fixing device is located on the machine table 2 and can translate back and forth along the X-axis of the machine table 2; there are two processing devices 4 and they are respectively located at both ends of the machine table 2, and the processing devices 4 are provided with processing equipment such as milling cutters and drill bits and can translate relative to the machine table 2, thereby realizing the automatic management of the whole process of loading, fixing, processing and unloading.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, two guide rails extending along the X-axis direction are arranged on the machine table 2 at intervals, and the fixing device includes two clamping mechanisms 31 with chucks and two support frames 32. The clamping mechanisms 31 and the support frames 32 are both slidably connected to the guide rails, and the two support frames 32 are located between the two clamping mechanisms 31. The clamping mechanism 31 near the front end of the machine table 2 is connected to a driving motor as an active disk, which can actively drive the chuck on the clamping mechanism 31 to rotate. The other clamping mechanism 31 is not provided with a driving motor, and is a driven disk, which can rotate synchronously with the active disk. When the long axis passes through the feeding device 1 and is installed on the fixing device, the two clamping mechanisms 31 clamp and fix the long axis, and drive the long axis to rotate at a high speed through the driving motor for processing. The two support frames 32 in the middle support the middle part of the long axis to keep the long axis in a straight state, so as to reduce the deformation and vibration during the processing of the long axis and improve the processing accuracy.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the unloading device 5 includes a frame 51, a material receiving mechanism 1, a material receiving mechanism 2 and a material storage trough 52, wherein the material storage trough 52 is located on one side of the frame 51, and the material storage trough 52 is an expanded groove with inclined side walls. A slide rail 53 is arranged on the frame 51 along the X-axis direction of the machine table 2, and the material receiving mechanism 1 includes a sliding seat 61, a material receiving plate 62 and a driving cylinder 63. The sliding seat 61 is slidably connected to the slide rail 53, the material receiving plate 62 is hinged on the sliding seat 61 and is located on the upper side of the material storage trough 52, the driving cylinder 63 is fixed on the frame 51 along the length direction of the X-axis, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder 63 is connected to the sliding seat 61 through a connecting rod to drive the sliding seat 61 and the material receiving plate 62 to move back and forth along the length direction of the slide rail 53. The frame body 51 is also provided with a boss 54 located on one side of the sliding seat 61. In this embodiment, the boss 54 adopts a rolling bearing, and a material blocking plate 622 is provided on the side of the receiving plate 62 away from the material storage trough 52. A guide plate 621 is also fixed to the bottom of the receiving plate 62. The side surface of the guide plate 621 facing downward is an inclined guide slope. When the driving cylinder 63 drives the receiving plate 62 to move and makes the guide plate 621 contact with the boss 54, the receiving plate 62 will flip toward the side of the material storage trough 52, so that the long axis on the receiving plate 62 rolls toward the material storage trough 52 to realize unloading. Furthermore, an elastic member 64 for resetting the material receiving plate 62 is provided between the material receiving plate 62 and the sliding seat 61. In the present embodiment, the elastic member 64 is a tension spring whose two ends are respectively connected to the material receiving plate 62 and the sliding seat 61. Of course, a coil spring arranged around the hinge axis of the material receiving plate 62 and the sliding seat 61 can also be used. When the guide plate 621 is separated from the boss 54, the elastic member 64 causes the material receiving plate 62 to rotate to place a new long axis.

[0037] Further, such as Figures 6 to 9As shown, a plurality of slots 52a are provided at intervals and extend downward on the side wall of the material storage trough 52 near the material receiving plate 62. The material receiving mechanism 2 includes a receiving hopper 7 and a lifting drive mechanism. The receiving hopper 7 is located in the material storage trough 52 and is located at the side and lower part of the material receiving plate 62. The receiving hopper 7 includes a hopper body 71 and a clamping claw 72. The clamping claw 72 is hinged with the hopper body 71 and encloses to form a placement slot 7a with an opening facing upward. The placement slot 7a is relatively long and is convenient for placing a long shaft. The back of the hopper body 71 is also provided with a plurality of sliders 711, which are respectively embedded in the above-mentioned slots 52a and form a sliding fit with the slots 52a. The lifting drive mechanism is located in the frame 51, and includes a fixed pulley 81, a cable 82 and a counterweight 83. The fixed pulley 81 is arranged above the chute 52a. The cable 82 is wound on the fixed pulley 81 and the two ends are respectively connected to the counterweight 83 and the hopper body 71. In this embodiment, the cable 82 can be replaced by a chain, and the fixed pulley 81 can also be a sprocket. The pulling force generated by the configuration block on the cable 82 is greater than the pulling force on the cable 82 on the side of the receiving hopper 7 when the long shaft is placed, and is less than the pulling force on the cable 82 on the side of the receiving hopper 7 after the long shaft is placed. When the long shaft is placed in the receiving hopper 7, the receiving hopper 7 and the long shaft move downward along the chute 52a together and the counterweight 83 rises; when the long shaft leaves the receiving hopper 7, the counterweight 83 is lowered and drives the receiving hopper 7 to rise. In this embodiment, a rotation damper is also provided on the fixed pulley 81, so that the fixed pulley 81 has a certain damping when rolling, so that the receiving hopper 7 drives the long axis to descend more smoothly and stably.

[0038] Further, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the bottom of the claw 72 is hinged with a plurality of push rods 73, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the placement slot 7a. The hinge point of the push rod 73 is located at the hinge point of the claw 72 and the hopper body 71, close to the side of the receiving plate 62. It is only necessary to push the push rod 73 to drive the upper part of the claw 72 to flip toward the side away from the hopper body 71 to open the placement slot 7a. Furthermore, the lower end of the push rod 73 is also fixedly connected to a counterweight bar 74, which is arranged in the length direction of the cigarette placement slot 7a. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight bar 74 can exert a downward pulling force on the push rod 73, so that the upper part of the claw 72 flips toward the side of the hopper body 71, so that the placement slot 7a remains closed.

[0039] The working process of the present invention is as follows: first, the loading device 1 pushes the long-axis blank placed on its storage table to the fixing device of the machine table 2 through the pneumatic ejector 73 and fixes it; then the two ends of the long axis are processed respectively by the processing devices 4 at both ends of the machine table 2; after the processing is completed, the fixing device releases the long axis, and the loading device 1 pushes the new long-axis blank into the fixing device on the machine table 2 again, and pushes the processed long axis out to the receiving plate 62 of the unloading device 5 through the newly pushed long-axis blank, and then drives the cylinder 63 to drive the receiving plate 62 to move horizontally to the storage trough 52 On the side, at this time, the guide plate 621 on the receiving plate 62 contacts the boss 54 on the frame 51 and flips the receiving plate 62 toward the side of the storage trough 52, causing the long axis in the storage trough 52 to roll over and fall into the receiving hopper 7 below. The receiving hopper 7 gradually descends under the action of the gravity of the long axis. When the top rod 73 at the bottom of the receiving hopper 7 contacts and abuts against the bottom wall of the storage trough 52 or the long axis accumulated in the storage trough 52, the top rod 73 drives the claw 72 to flip and open the placement groove 7a, so that the long axis falls into the storage trough 52 at a lower speed to avoid damage to the surface of the long axis due to collision.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] The technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, no counterweight bar 74 is provided below the clamping claw 72, but a spring is provided between the hopper body 71 and the clamping claw 72, and the clamping claw 72 is flipped toward the side of the hopper body 71 by the tension of the spring to achieve resetting.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] The technical scheme of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism includes a first tension spring and a second spring, and the first tension spring and the second spring are both arranged along the length direction of the slide slot 52a, wherein the first tension spring is located above the receiving hopper 7 and its two ends are respectively connected to the hopper body 71 and the frame 51, and the second spring is located below the receiving hopper 7 and its two ends are respectively connected to the hopper body 71 and the frame 51. The first tension spring and the second spring together form a spring group, so that the receiving hopper 7 always has a tendency to move upward. When the long shaft is placed in the receiving hopper 7, the gravity applied by the long shaft and the receiving hopper 7 to the spring group is greater than the upward elastic force of the spring group, so that the receiving hopper 7 and the long shaft move downward; when the long shaft leaves the receiving hopper 7, the gravity applied by the receiving hopper 7 to the spring group is less than the upward elastic force of the spring group, and the spring group drives the receiving hopper 7 to rise.

[0044] Embodiment 4

[0045] The technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, an elastic locking structure may be further provided between the clamping claw 72 and the hopper body 71 to keep the clamping seat and the hopper body 71 in a closed state, and the elastic locking structure may be unlocked by pushing up the push rod 73.

[0046] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0047] Although the present invention uses the terms such as loading device 1, machine table 2 clamping mechanism 31, support frame 32, processing device 4, unloading device 5, frame 51, slide rail 53, slide seat 61, driving cylinder 63, receiving hopper 7, fixed pulley 81, cable 82, counterweight 83, etc. more frequently, it does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. The use of these terms is only for the purpose of more conveniently describing and explaining the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool for shaft processing, comprising a machine platform (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A loading device (1), located at the front end of the machine platform (2), is used to place the long shaft blank and transport the long shaft blank to the processing position on the machine platform (2); A fixing device, located on the machine platform (2) and used for clamping and fixing the long shaft blank and driving the long shaft blank to rotate; A processing device (4) for processing a long shaft blank; A material unloading device (5) is located at the rear end of the machine platform (2). The material unloading device (5) comprises a frame (51), a material receiving mechanism 1, a material receiving mechanism 2 and a material storage trough (52) located on one side of the frame (51). The material receiving mechanism 1 has a material receiving plate (62) for placing the long axis. The material receiving mechanism 2 has a material receiving hopper (7) located in the material storage trough (52). The material receiving mechanism 1 can drive the material receiving plate (62) to move back and forth along the X-axis of the machine platform (2) and can make the long axis in the material receiving plate (62) fall into the material receiving hopper (7). The material receiving hopper (7) can be raised and lowered and can place the long axis into the material storage trough (52).

2. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (51) is provided with a slide rail (53) extending along the X-axis. The material receiving mechanism also includes a sliding seat (61) slidably connected to the slide rail (53) and a driving cylinder (63) fixed to the frame (51). The piston rod of the driving cylinder (63) is connected to the sliding seat (61). The frame (51) is also provided with a boss (54). The material receiving plate (62) is rotatably connected to the sliding seat (61). The bottom of the material receiving plate (62) is also provided with a guide plate (621). The guide plate (621) has a guiding inclined surface for cooperating with the boss (54) and enabling the material receiving plate (62) to flip toward one side of the material storage trough (52). The material receiving plate (62) is also connected to an elastic member (64) for driving the material receiving plate (62) to reset.

3. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boss (54) is a rolling bearing.

4. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving hopper (7) comprises a hopper body (71) and a clamping claw (72), wherein the clamping claw (72) is hingedly connected to the hopper body (71) and encloses a placement groove (7a) for placing a long axis, and a push rod (73) is hingedly connected at the bottom of the clamping claw (72) for pushing the clamping claw (72) and causing the clamping claw (72) to flip toward a side away from the hopper body (71).

5. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the push rod (73) is connected to a counterweight bar (74) for causing the claw (72) to flip toward one side of the hopper body (71).

6. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spring is provided between the hopper body (71) and the claw (72) for causing the claw (72) to flip toward the hopper body (71).

7. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A plurality of chute grooves (52a) arranged at intervals and extending downward are provided on one side of the material storage trough (52) close to the material receiving mechanism, a plurality of slide blocks (711) cooperating with the chute grooves (52a) are provided on the back of the hopper body (71), and a lifting drive mechanism is also provided in the frame for driving the hopper (7) to move downward when the long shaft is placed in the hopper (7) and to drive the hopper (7) to move upward when the long shaft leaves the hopper (7).

8. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism comprises a fixed pulley (81), a cable (82) and a counterweight (83); the fixed pulley (81) is located above the slide groove (52a); the cable (82) is wound around the fixed pulley (81) and its two ends are respectively connected to the counterweight (83) and the hopper body (71).

9. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotation damper is provided on the rotating shaft of the fixed pulley (81).

10. The shaft processing CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism comprises a first tension spring and a second spring arranged along the length direction of the slide groove (52a), wherein the first tension spring is located above the receiving hopper (7) and its two ends are respectively connected to the hopper body (71) and the frame body (51), and the second spring is located below the receiving hopper (7) and its two ends are respectively connected to the hopper body (71) and the frame body (51).

Images