Edge trimming equipment for machining steel casting of steam turbine and casting process of edge trimming equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grinding and polishing devices, in particular to edge finishing equipment for machining a steel casting of a steam turbine and a casting process of the edge finishing equipment. The edge finishing equipment comprises a base part, a mechanical arm, a driving main body, a clamping sleeve module, a clamping head part and a grinding and polishing piece; the upper side of the left end of the supporting seat is fixedly connected with a placing plate, the upper side of the placing plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of seat rings, the upper sides of the seat rings are provided with clamping head parts, the clamping head parts are provided with grinding and polishing pieces, the upper side of the base is provided with a manipulator, and the front side of the manipulator is provided with a driving main body. By means of the clamping sleeve module, the control main machine, the clamping head part, the grinding and polishing pieces and other structures, the edge finishing equipment can automatically replace the grinding and polishing pieces with the proper size and mesh number according to the polishing and grinding requirements so as to adaptively grind and polish all the edges of the turbine steel casting with the complex shape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding and polishing devices, in particular to edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings and a casting process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Steam turbine steel castings refer to parts made of cast steel materials used to manufacture key components of steam turbines, including cylinders, main steam valves, regulating valves, steam chambers, nozzle chambers and partitions. The casting process usually includes the following main steps: design and mold manufacturing, molding material preparation, molding and core making, pouring, cooling and demolding, and post-processing. In the post-processing step, edge trimming equipment is required to grind and polish the demolded castings to remove defects such as burrs and flash on the edge surface to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the castings.

[0003] In the existing edge trimming equipment, the size and mesh number of the grinding and polishing sheets (which can be used for grinding or polishing according to different mesh numbers) are usually fixed. Faced with turbine steel castings of different shapes and sizes, as well as different grinding and polishing post-processing requirements, a single grinding and polishing sheet is difficult to flexibly adapt to the needs of different parts. Although these needs can be met by replacing grinding and polishing sheets of different diameters and mesh numbers, this process usually requires manual operation, which is not only inconvenient, but also affects the continuity and efficiency of automated grinding and polishing. Therefore, based on the above problems, an edge trimming equipment for turbine steel casting processing and a casting process thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an edge trimming device and a casting process for processing turbine steel castings, so as to solve the problem that the replacement of grinding and polishing plates of existing trimming and polishing equipment generally requires manual operation, which is neither convenient nor easy to efficiently and automatically grind and polish the edges of complex-shaped turbine steel castings.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for edge trimming of steam turbine steel castings and a casting process thereof, comprising a seat, a manipulator, a driving body, a ferrule module, a chuck head and a grinding and polishing sheet, the seat comprising a base, a support seat being fixedly connected to the left side of the base, a placement plate being fixedly connected to the upper side of the left end of the support seat, a plurality of seat rings being fixedly connected to the upper side of the placement plate, a chuck head being arranged on the upper side of each of the seat rings, a grinding and polishing sheet being installed on each of the chuck heads, a manipulator being installed on the upper side of the base, a driving body being installed on the front side of the manipulator, the driving body comprising a shell, a motor, a dual-purpose air pump for filling and suction, a lower through pipe, an upper through pipe and a collecting part, the shell comprising a base shell, an equipment cavity being provided on the inner side of the base shell, a rotation groove being provided on the lower side of the equipment cavity, an expansion groove being provided on the lower side of the rotation groove, and exhaust ports being provided on both the left and right sides of the rotation groove. The cam is connected to the pump housing, and the cam is connected to the pump housing by a threaded cannula, and the cam is connected to the pump housing by a threaded cannula.

[0006] Preferably, a bearing is fixedly connected to the inner side of the expansion groove, the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the outer side of the shell, the lower side of the through port is connected to a guide piece fixedly connected to the top of the matching groove, the transfer part includes a plurality of damping ducts on the inner side of the guide hole, a group of the damping ducts are connected to a diverter shell on the lower side, the diverter shell is connected to a folding hose on the lower side, the lower end of the folding hose is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the chamber, and the folding hose is connected to the through port, a one-way valve is installed on the inner side of the damping duct, a group of the damping ducts are fixedly connected to a ring plate on the inner side of the rotating groove on the upper end, a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the folding hose, and the spring is The guide rail is arranged between the inner wall of the chamber and the lower end surface of the diverter shell, the conductive part includes a guide bar slidably connected to the track, and the upper end of the guide bar is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the diverter shell, the inner side of the expansion groove is provided with a positioning part, the positioning part includes a clamping block slidably connected to the expansion groove, the side of the clamping block close to the guide bar is provided with a receiving groove, the side of the clamping block close to the matching groove is provided with a clamping groove, the lower side of the clamping block is provided with a guide groove connected with the clamping groove and the receiving groove, the upper side of the guide groove is provided with a rail groove, the outer side of the guide bar is fixedly connected with a guide block slidably connected to the guide groove, and the upper side of the guide block is fixedly connected with a guide rail slidably connected to the rail groove.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping head portion includes a base plate, a matching pin is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate, four clamping grooves are opened on the outer curved surface of the matching pin, the inner sides of the clamping grooves are fixedly connected to clamping strips, the lower side of the base plate is fixedly connected to an axial through tube passing through the grinding and polishing sheet, a tightening ring is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lower end thread of the axial through tube, a guide groove is opened on the top end of the matching pin, and the seat ring is arranged on the lower side of the grinding and polishing sheet.

[0008] Preferably, a control host is installed on the rear side of the base, and the manipulator, motor, inflation and suction dual-purpose air pump are electrically connected to the control host. The ring plate is sleeved on the outside of the motor output shaft, and the inner curved surface of the ring plate fits with the outer curved surface of the motor output shaft. The diameter of the ring plate is the same as the inner diameter of the rotating groove, and the outer curved surface of the ring plate fits with the inner curved surface of the rotating groove. The one-way valve is arranged to flow from bottom to top, and the exhaust ducts are all arranged between the sleeve and the ring plate.

[0009] Preferably, the guiding member is a through frame shell structure which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the guiding groove is a groove body structure which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the outer curved surface of the damping conduit fits with the inner wall of the guide hole, the grinding and polishing sheets are all located between the base plate and the tightening ring, a plurality of grinding and polishing sheets are provided, and the grinding and polishing sheets are all provided with different sizes and mesh sizes.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the mating pin is the same as the inner diameter of the mating groove, the top end of the mating pin is a round head, the positioning piece is partially arranged on the inner side of the mating groove, the lower side of the positioning piece is provided with an inclined guide surface in the mating groove, the upper end of the clamping block is a plane, and the upper inner wall of the clamping groove is a plane.

[0011] Preferably, a confluence channel connected to the shaft through tube is opened on the inner side of the base plate, an air channel connected to the confluence channel is opened on the inner side of the matching pin, the air channel is connected to the guide groove, the upper side of the dual-purpose inflation and suction air pump is connected with an upper through tube, a sink groove is opened on the left side of the base shell, a collecting part is installed on the inner side of the sink groove, the collecting part includes an outer shell fixedly connected to the sink groove, elastic rubber strips are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the outer shell, an inner shell is arranged on the inner side of the outer shell, and card channels are opened on the front and rear end surfaces of the inner shell, the elastic rubber strips are arranged on the inner side of the card channels, a sieve plate is fixedly connected to the left opening of the inner shell, and the left end of the upper through tube is connected to the outer shell.

[0012] Preferably, the confluence channel is composed of a plurality of channels arranged at equal angles, the confluence channel is arranged on the upper side of the grinding and polishing sheet, the outer shell is arranged with a left opening, the inner shell is arranged with an upper opening, the left end of the upper through pipe is arranged on the upper side of the inner shell, and a pull block is arranged on the left side of the inner shell.

[0013] Preferably, the casting process comprises: Step 1: First, according to the design requirements of the steam turbine steel castings, the mold is manufactured. The design of the mold needs to consider factors such as the shape, size, and wall thickness of the casting to ensure the quality and performance of the casting, and complete the design and mold manufacturing; secondly, select suitable molding materials, such as alkaline phenolic resin sand, self-hardening furan resin sand, etc. These materials have good fire resistance and air permeability, which can ensure the quality of the subsequent castings, and complete the preparation of molding materials; then, use the molding materials to manufacture molds and sand cores. The surfaces of the molds and sand cores need to be coated with refractory coatings to improve their fire resistance and reduce sand sticking, and complete the molding and core making; after the above pre-processing steps are prepared, the high-temperature molten metal liquid is poured into the mold. During the pouring process, the pouring speed and temperature need to be controlled to ensure that the metal liquid can evenly fill the mold to avoid the generation of defects such as pores and shrinkage cavities, and complete the pouring; after the casting is cooled and solidified in the mold, it is demolded. Careful operation is required during the demolding process to avoid damage to the casting, and the cooling and demolding operations are completed, and finally post-processing grinding and polishing are performed; Step 2: Automatic installation operation, control the host to regulate the movement of various equipment throughout the process. First, control the manipulator to accurately drive the drive body and the ferrule module to move to the top of the corresponding chuck head of the grinding and polishing sheet to be installed. Then, control the ferrule module to move downward and connect with the chuck head. During the connection process, the matching pin is inserted into the matching groove, and its top end contacts and squeezes the locating part with the inclined guide surface of the positioning part, causing it to move deeper into the expansion groove and disengage from the matching groove. Since the positioning part and the conductive part are linked through the guide block, guide groove, guide rail and rail groove, the positioning part moves into the expansion groove, which will drive the conductive part to move downward, and then drive the diverter shell to move downward, forcing the spring to contract. At this time, the positioning part is out of the matching groove and no longer interferes with the further insertion of the matching pin. The matching pin goes deep into the matching groove, so that the matching part The guide groove of the pin displacement cooperates with the guide piece, so that the guide piece is fully inserted into the guide groove, and the matching pin is guided and adjusted, so that each clamping groove, the clamping strip is aligned with the clamping block and the clamping groove of each positioning piece. At this time, the spring reset is expanded to push the shunt shell and each conductive piece to move up. The upward movement of each conductive piece resets each positioning piece to the direction of the matching pin through the transmission linkage, so that the clamping block of each positioning piece is clamped into the clamping groove, and each clamping strip is clamped into the clamping groove, so that each positioning piece clamps and positions the matching pin. At the same time, the damping guide tube cooperates with the guide hole to apply damping to the shunt shell, so that the shunt shell and the conductive piece maintain their positions, so that the positioning piece linked with each conductive piece maintains the clamping and positioning of the matching pin, and the connection between the ferrule module and the clamping head is completed, so that the ferrule module can drive the grinding and polishing sheet to rotate through the clamping head, and the automatic installation operation is completed through the above operations; Step 3: Automatic disassembly operation. In the automatic installation operation, the control host controls the actions of various equipment throughout the process. First, start the dual-purpose air pump for filling and suction, and inflate the rotating groove through the lower pipe. As the gas in the rotating groove is quickly filled, the ring plate, the damping conduit and the diverter shell are pushed downward, thereby driving each conductive part to move downward. This action causes each positioning part linked to the conductive part to move into the expansion groove, thereby causing the clamping block of each positioning part to disengage from the clamping groove, and each card slot is disengaged from the card strip, and the matching pin is no longer positioned and clamped. When the positioning part is completely received by the expansion groove, the card sleeve module is controlled to move upward to complete the separation of the card sleeve module and the card head, and then complete the separation between the card sleeve module and the grinding and polishing sheet. The automatic disassembly operation is completed through the above operations; Step 4: Post-processing operation, through the combination of automatic installation operation and automatic disassembly operation, the edge trimming equipment can automatically replace the grinding and polishing disc of appropriate size and mesh number according to the polishing and grinding requirements. After the replacement is completed, the motor is started by controlling the main engine, so that the end of the motor's output shaft drives the ferrule module and the chuck head to rotate, and then the grinding and polishing disc rotates at high speed. At this time, the main engine controls the manipulator to accurately adjust the position of the grinding and polishing disc, and grinds and polishes the edge of the turbine steel casting to be processed, thereby completing the post-processing operation. Finally, the steel casting is quality inspected to check whether there are defects. If there are no quality problems, the casting of the turbine steel casting is completed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, by setting structures such as the ferrule module, the control host, the ferrule head and the grinding and polishing sheet, the control host can control the ferrule module to move downward through the manipulator, and the downward movement of the ferrule module can be directly connected to the ferrule head. Since the grinding and polishing sheet is pre-installed on the ferrule head, the ferrule module can be linked with the grinding and polishing sheet through the connected ferrule head to realize automatic installation operation. When disassembly is required, the control host controls the inflation and suction dual-purpose air pump to perform inflation operation, which can cause changes inside the ferrule module, cancel the connection between the ferrule module and the ferrule head, and then cancel the linkage between the ferrule module and the grinding and polishing sheet, and complete the automatic disassembly operation, so that the edge trimming equipment can automatically replace the grinding and polishing sheet of suitable size and mesh number according to the polishing and grinding requirements, so as to adaptively grind and polish the edges of the complex-shaped steam turbine castings, and solve the problem that the replacement of the grinding and polishing sheet of the existing trimming and polishing equipment generally requires manual operation, which is neither convenient nor difficult to efficiently and automatically grind and polish the edges of the complex-shaped steam turbine castings. 2. In the present invention, by setting up the collecting part, control host and inflation / suction dual-purpose air pump and other structures, the control host controls the operation of the inflation / suction dual-purpose air pump, and evacuates the rotating tank through the lower pipe, so that the airflow passes through the damping duct, the diverter shell, the folded hose, the airway, the confluence channel and the axial pipe in sequence to evacuate the air outward. Since the axial pipe and the confluence channel are close to the grinding and polishing sheet, the metal powder generated by the post-treatment enters the airway with the airflow, passes through the guide, the port, and the folded hose into the diverter shell, and the airflow returns to the rotating tank through the diverter shell, the damping duct, and the one-way valve, and reaches the collecting part through the lower pipe and the upper pipe. The metal powder is collected in the inner shell, and the airflow is discharged through the sieve plate to complete the cleaning, thereby preventing the metal powder generated by the grinding and polishing treatment from scattering around and affecting the working environment, and increasing the difficulty of subsequent maintenance and cleaning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seat portion of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the driving body of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the shell structure; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the collecting part of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card sleeve module of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the casing structure; Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the transfer part of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the conductive member of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning member of the present invention; Fig.13 For the present invention Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above; Fig.14 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the grinding and polishing sheet of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card head of the present invention; Fig.16 For the present invention Fig.15A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of; Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the tightening ring and the shaft through pipe of the present invention; Fig.18 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the connection between the ferrule module and the ferrule head of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1, seat; 11, base; 12, support seat; 13, placement plate; 14, seat ring; 2, manipulator; 3, driving body; 31, shell; 311, base shell; 312, equipment cavity; 313, rotating groove; 314, expansion groove; 315, exhaust duct; 316, pump groove; 317, sink groove; 32, motor; 33, filling and suction dual-purpose air pump; 34, lower through pipe; 35, upper through pipe; 36, collecting part; 361, outer shell; 362, elastic rubber strip; 363, inner shell; 364, card channel; 365, sieve plate; 37, bearing; 4, card sleeve module; 41, sleeve shell; 411, shell; 412, matching groove; 413, through port; 414, chamber; 415 , guide hole; 416, track; 417, expansion groove; 42, guide piece; 43, transfer part; 431, folding hose; 432, diverter shell; 433, damping duct; 434, one-way valve; 435, ring plate; 44, spring; 45, conductive part; 451, guide bar; 452, guide block; 453, guide rail; 46, positioning part; 461, clamping block; 462, storage groove; 463, clamping groove; 464, guide groove; 465, rail groove; 5, clamping head; 51, base plate; 52, matching pin; 53, clamping groove; 54, clamping strip; 55, shaft through pipe; 56, tightening ring; 57, confluence; 58, airway; 59, guide groove; 6, grinding and polishing sheet; 7, control host. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] See also Figure 1-18 , the present invention provides a technical solution: An edge trimming device for processing a steam turbine steel casting and a casting process thereof, comprising a seat 1, a manipulator 2, a driving body 3, a ferrule module 4, a chuck head 5 and a grinding and polishing sheet 6, wherein the seat 1 comprises a base 11, a support seat 12 is fixedly connected to the left side of the base 11, a placement plate 13 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the left end of the support seat 12, a plurality of seat rings 14 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the placement plate 13, a chuck head 5 is arranged on the upper side of the seat ring 14, a grinding and polishing sheet 6 is installed at the chuck head 5, and the upper side of the base 11 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support seat 12. A manipulator 2 is installed on the side, and a driving body 3 is installed on the front side of the manipulator 2. The driving body 3 includes a shell 31, a motor 32, a dual-purpose air pump 33 for filling and suction, a lower through pipe 34, an upper through pipe 35 and a collecting part 36. The shell 31 includes a base shell 311. An equipment cavity 312 is opened on the inner side of the base shell 311. A rotating groove 313 is opened on the lower side of the equipment cavity 312. An expansion groove 314 is opened on the lower side of the rotating groove 313. Exhaust channels 315 are opened on the left and right sides of the rotating groove 313. The right side of the base shell 311 is provided with a rotating groove 313. A pump groove 316 is opened on the side, a motor 32 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the equipment cavity 312, an air pump 33 for filling and suction is installed on the inner side of the pump groove 316, a lower side of the air pump 33 is connected with a lower through pipe 34, and the other end of the lower through pipe 34 is connected to the rotating groove 313, and the end of the output shaft of the motor 32 is fixedly connected with a card sleeve module 4 located on the inner side of the rotating groove 313, and the card sleeve module 4 includes a sleeve shell 41, a guide part 42, a transfer part 43, a spring 44, a conductive part 45 and a positioning part 46, and the sleeve shell 41 includes a shell 411 rotatably connected to the rotating groove 313, a matching groove 412 with a lower opening is provided on the inner side of the shell 411, a through-port 413 is communicated with the upper side of the matching groove 412, a chamber 414 is communicated with the upper side of the through-port 413, four guide holes 415 arranged at equal angles are provided on the upper side of the chamber 414, four tracks 416 arranged at equal angles are provided on the lower side of the chamber 414, and four expansion grooves 417 communicating with the tracks 416 are provided on the outer side of the matching groove 412;The inner side of the expansion groove 314 is fixedly connected with a bearing 37, the inner ring of the bearing 37 is sleeved on the outer side of the housing 411, the lower side of the through-port 413 is connected with a guide member 42 fixedly connected to the top of the matching groove 412, the transfer portion 43 includes a plurality of damping conduits 433 located inside the guide hole 415, a group of damping conduits 433 are connected to a flow divider shell 432 on the lower side, the flow divider shell 432 is connected to a folding hose 431 on the lower side, the lower end of the folding hose 431 is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the chamber 414, and the folding hose 431 is connected to the through-port 413, the damping conduits 433 are connected to the lower inner wall of the chamber 414, and the folding hose 431 is connected to the through-port 413, and the damping conduits 433 are connected to the lower inner wall of the chamber 414. A one-way valve 434 is installed on the inner side of the tube 433, and a ring plate 435 located on the inner side of the rotating groove 313 is fixedly connected to the upper end of a group of damping guide tubes 433. A spring 44 is sleeved on the outer side of the folded hose 431, and the spring 44 is arranged between the inner wall of the chamber 414 and the lower end surface of the diverter shell 432. The conductive member 45 includes a guide bar 451 slidably connected to the track 416, and the upper end of the guide bar 451 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the diverter shell 432. A positioning member 46 is arranged on the inner side of the expansion groove 417, and the positioning member 46 includes a guide bar 451 slidably connected to the expansion groove 417. The clamp block 461 has a receiving groove 462 on one side of the clamp block 461 close to the guide bar 451, a clamping groove 463 on one side of the clamp block 461 close to the matching groove 412, a guide groove 464 connected to the clamping groove 463 and the receiving groove 462 is formed on the lower side of the clamp block 461, a rail groove 465 is formed on the upper side of the guide groove 464, a guide block 452 slidably connected to the guide groove 464 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the guide bar 451, and a guide rail 453 slidably connected to the rail groove 465 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the guide block 452; the clamping head 5 includes a base plate 51, a base plate 52, and a base plate 51. A matching pin 52 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the plate 51, and four clamping grooves 53 are provided on the outer curved surface of the matching pin 52, and clamping strips 54 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the clamping grooves 53. An axial through-tube 55 passing through the grinding and polishing sheet 6 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the base plate 51, and a tightening ring 56 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lower end thread of the axial through-tube 55. A guiding groove 59 is provided on the top of the matching pin 52, and the seat ring 14 is arranged on the lower side of the grinding and polishing sheet 6. Through this arrangement, the seat ring 14 can position the grinding and polishing sheet 6 to prevent the grinding and polishing sheet 6 from self-displacement due to vibration or other factors.A control host 7 is installed on the rear side of the base 11. The manipulator 2, the motor 32, the inflation and suction dual-purpose air pump 33 are electrically connected to the control host 7. Through this setting, the control host 7 can control the operation of the manipulator 2, the motor 32, and the inflation and suction dual-purpose air pump 33. The ring plate 435 is sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft of the motor 32. The inner curved surface of the ring plate 435 fits with the outer curved surface of the output shaft of the motor 32. The diameter of the ring plate 435 is the same as the inner diameter of the rotating groove 313. The outer curved surface of the ring plate 435 fits with the inner curved surface of the rotating groove 313. The one-way valve 434 is set to flow from bottom to top. Through this setting, the gas filled into the rotating groove 313 by the lower through pipe 34 will push The movable ring plate 435 moves downward, and the exhaust channel 315 is arranged between the sleeve shell 41 and the ring plate 435. Through this arrangement, after the ring plate 435 moves downward, the gas on the lower side of the ring plate 435 will be discharged through the exhaust channel 315; the guide member 42 is a middle-through frame shell structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. Through this arrangement, the guide member 42 can be ventilated, and the guide groove 59 is a groove body structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. Through this arrangement, after the guide member 42 is fully inserted into the guide groove 59, the matching pin 52 can be guided and adjusted, so that each clamping groove 53 and the clamping strip 54 are aligned with the clamping block 461 and the clamping groove 463 of each positioning member 46, and the outer curved surface of the damping guide tube 433 fits with the inner wall of the guide hole 415, and the venting is completed. Through this arrangement, the damping conduit 433 cooperates with the guide hole 415 to apply damping to the shunt shell 432, so that the shunt shell 432 and the conductive member 45 maintain their positions, and the positioning member 46 linked to each conductive member 45 maintains a stable clamping position on the matching pin 52. The grinding and polishing sheets 6 are all between the base plate 51 and the tightening ring 56. Through this arrangement, the clamping head 5 can fix the grinding and polishing sheets 6. There are a plurality of grinding and polishing sheets 6, and the grinding and polishing sheets 6 are all set with different sizes and meshes. Through this arrangement, the grinding and polishing sheets 6 of appropriate sizes and meshes can be replaced according to processing needs; the diameter size of the matching pin 52 is the same as the inner diameter size of the matching groove 412. This arrangement improves the stability of the mating pin 52 after mating with the mating groove 412. The top of the mating pin 52 is a round head arrangement, which facilitates the insertion of the mating pin 52 into the mating groove 412. The positioning member 46 is partially arranged on the inner side of the mating groove 412, and the lower side of the positioning member 46 is provided with an inclined guide surface in the mating groove 412. This arrangement enables the positioning member 46 to be pushed to move when the mating pin 52 is inserted into the mating groove 412. The upper end of the clamping block 461 is a plane arrangement, and the upper inner wall of the clamping groove 53 is a plane arrangement. This arrangement makes it impossible to separate the clamping block 461 from the clamping groove 53 by pulling the mating pin 52 after the clamping block 461 is inserted into the clamping groove 53. ;

[0018] like Figure 4-Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig.16As shown, a confluence channel 57 connected to the shaft through pipe 55 is provided on the inner side of the base plate 51, an air channel 58 connected to the confluence channel 57 is provided on the inner side of the matching pin 52, and the air channel 58 is connected to the guide groove 59. The upper side of the dual-purpose air pump 33 is connected to the upper through pipe 35. A sink 317 is provided on the left side of the base shell 311, and a collecting part 36 is installed on the inner side of the sink 317. The collecting part 36 includes a shell 361 fixedly connected to the sink 317, and elastic rubber strips 362 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the shell 361. The shell 317 is provided with a plurality of elastic rubber strips 362, and the outer shell 317 is provided with a plurality of elastic rubber strips 362. The inner side of the housing 361 is provided with an inner shell 363, and the front and rear end surfaces of the inner shell 363 are both provided with a card channel 364, and the elastic rubber strips 362 are all provided on the inner side of the card channel 364. A sieve plate 365 is fixedly connected to the left opening of the inner shell 363, and the left end of the upper through pipe 35 is connected to the outer shell 361. Through this arrangement, the control host 7 controls the operation of the dual-purpose air pump 33 for charging and sucking, and exhausts the rotating groove 313 through the lower through pipe 34, so that the air flow passes through the damping duct 433, the diverter shell 432, the folding hose 431, the air channel 58, the confluence channel 57 and the shaft in sequence. The through pipe 55 draws air outwards. Since the shaft through pipe 55 and the confluence channel 57 are close to the grinding and polishing sheet 6, the metal powder generated by the post-processing enters the air channel 58 with the airflow, passes through the guide 42, the through port 413, and the folded hose 431 into the diverter shell 432, and the airflow returns to the rotating groove 313 through the diverter shell 432, the damping conduit 433, and the one-way valve 434, and reaches the collecting part 36 through the lower through pipe 34 and the upper through pipe 35. The metal powder is collected in the inner shell 363, and the airflow is discharged through the sieve plate 365 to complete the collection and cleaning; the confluence channel 57 is formed by The outer shell 361 is provided with a left opening, and the inner shell 363 is provided with an upper opening. The left end of the upper through-tube 35 is provided on the upper side of the inner shell 363. The airflow discharged through the upper through-tube 35 and the metal debris will enter the inner shell 363. A pull block is provided on the left side of the inner shell 363. The inner shell 363 is provided with a pull block, which makes it convenient for the staff to pull the inner shell 363 out of the outer shell 361.

[0019] Workflow: The casting process of steam turbine steel castings is as follows. Note 1: All electrical appliances are powered by external power. Note 2: The castings are fixed by external fixing equipment during post-processing operations. First, according to the design requirements of steam turbine steel castings, the mold is manufactured. The design of the mold needs to consider factors such as the shape, size, and wall thickness of the casting to ensure the quality and performance of the casting, and complete the design and mold manufacturing. Secondly, choose suitable molding materials, such as alkaline phenolic resin sand, self-hardening furan resin sand, etc. These materials have good fire resistance and air permeability, which can ensure the quality of subsequent castings and complete the molding material preparation. ; Then, use the modeling material to make the mold and sand core. The surface of the mold and sand core needs to be coated with refractory coating to improve its fire resistance and reduce sand sticking, and complete the modeling and core making; After the above pre-processing steps are completed, the high-temperature molten metal liquid is poured into the mold. The pouring speed and temperature need to be controlled during the pouring process to ensure that the metal liquid can evenly fill the mold to avoid defects such as pores and shrinkage holes, and complete the pouring; After the casting is cooled and solidified in the mold, it is demolded. Careful operation is required during the demolding process to avoid damage to the casting. The cooling and demolding operations are completed, and finally post-processing grinding and polishing are carried out;The automatic installation operation controls the host 7 to regulate the movements of all equipment throughout the process. First, the robot 2 is controlled to accurately drive the driving body 3 and the card sleeve module 4 to move to the top of the corresponding card head 5 where the grinding and polishing sheet 6 is to be installed. Then, the card sleeve module 4 is controlled to move downward to connect with the card head 5. During the connection process, the matching pin 52 is inserted into the matching groove 412, and its top end contacts the inclined guide surface of the positioning member 46 and squeezes the positioning member 46, causing it to move deep into the expansion groove 417 and disengage from the matching groove 412. Since the positioning member 46 and the conductive member 45 are linked by conduction through the guide block 452, the guide groove 464, the guide rail 453 and the rail groove 465, the positioning member 46 moves into the expansion groove 417 to drive the conductive member 45 moves downward, thereby driving the flow divider housing 432 to move downward, forcing the spring 44 to contract. At this time, the positioning member 46 is separated from the matching groove 412 and no longer interferes with the further insertion of the matching pin 52. The matching pin 52 penetrates into the matching groove 412, so that the guiding groove 59 that moves with the matching pin 52 cooperates with the guiding member 42. After the guiding member 42 is fully inserted into the guiding groove 59, the matching pin 52 is guided and adjusted to align the clamping grooves 53 and the clamping strips 54 with the clamping blocks 461 and the clamping grooves 463 of the positioning members 46. At this time, the spring 44 is reset and expanded, pushing the flow divider housing 432 and the conducting members 45 to move upward. The upward movement of the conducting members 45 causes the positioning members 46 to reset toward the matching pin 52 through the transmission linkage, so that the clamping blocks 461 of the positioning members 46 1 is inserted into the clamping groove 53, and each clamping strip 54 is inserted into the clamping groove 463, so that each positioning piece 46 clamps and positions the matching pin 52. At the same time, the damping guide tube 433 cooperates with the guide hole 415 to apply damping to the shunt shell 432, so that the shunt shell 432 and the conductive piece 45 maintain their positions, so that the positioning piece 46 linked with each conductive piece 45 maintains stable clamping and positioning of the matching pin 52, and completes the connection between the ferrule module 4 and the ferrule head 5, so that the ferrule module 4 can drive the grinding and polishing sheet 6 to rotate through the ferrule head 5. The automatic installation operation is completed through the above operations; the automatic disassembly operation. In the automatic installation operation, the control host 7 regulates the actions of various equipment throughout the process. First, the dual-purpose air pump 33 for filling and suction is started, and the rotating groove is rotated through the lower through pipe 34. 313 is inflated, and as the gas in the rotating groove 313 is quickly filled, the ring plate 435, the damping conduit 433 and the diverter shell 432 are pushed downward, thereby driving each conductive member 45 to move downward. This action causes each positioning member 46 linked with the conductive member 45 to move into the expansion groove 417, so that the clamping block 461 of each positioning member 46 is disengaged from the clamping groove 53, and each clamping groove 463 is disengaged from the clamping strip 54, and the matching pin 52 is no longer positioned and clamped. When the positioning member 46 is completely received by the expansion groove 417, the card sleeve module 4 is controlled to move upward, and the card sleeve module 4 is separated from the clamping head 5, and then the card sleeve module 4 is separated from the grinding and polishing sheet 6. The automatic disassembly operation is completed through the above operations;The post-processing operation combines the automatic installation operation with the automatic disassembly operation, so that the edge trimming equipment can automatically replace the grinding and polishing disc of appropriate size and mesh number according to the polishing and grinding requirements. After the replacement is completed, the motor 32 is started by controlling the main engine 7, so that the end of the output shaft of the motor 32 drives the ferrule module 4 and the chuck head 5 to rotate, thereby causing the grinding and polishing disc 6 to rotate at high speed. At this time, the control host 7 controls the manipulator 2 to accurately adjust the position of the grinding and polishing disc 6, and grinds and polishes the edge of the turbine steel casting to be processed, thereby completing the post-processing operation, and finally performs a quality inspection on the steel casting to check whether there are any defects. If there are no quality problems, the casting of the turbine steel casting is completed; the collection and cleaning operation starts the dual-purpose air pump 33 by controlling the main engine 7, and the dual-purpose air pump 33 passes through the lower passage The pipe 34 evacuates the rotating groove 313. This evacuation action evacuates air outward through the damping conduit 433, the flow dividing shell 432, the folded hose 431, the air passage 58, the confluence 57 and the shaft pipe 55. Since the inlet of the shaft pipe 55 and the confluence 57 is close to the grinding and polishing sheet 6, the metal powder generated when processing the steel casting will enter the air passage 58 from the confluence 57 or the shaft pipe 55 along with the air flow, and then pass through the guide 42, the port 413, and the folded hose 431 to enter the flow dividing shell 432. Then, the air flow passes through the flow dividing shell 432 through the damping conduit 433 and the one-way valve 434 to enter the rotating groove 313, and then enters the collecting part 36 through the lower pipe 34 and the upper pipe 35, so that the metal powder displaced with the air flow is collected in the inner shell 363, and the air flow is discharged through the sieve plate 365, completing the collection and cleaning operation. ;

[0020] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above are only preferred implementation methods of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, they can make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An edge trimming device for machining a steam turbine steel casting, comprising a seat (1), a manipulator (2), a driving body (3), a ferrule module (4), a chuck head (5) and a grinding and polishing sheet (6), characterized in that: The seat portion (1) comprises a base (11), a support seat (12) is fixedly connected to the left side of the base (11), a placement plate (13) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the left end of the support seat (12), a plurality of seat rings (14) are fixedly connected to the upper side of the placement plate (13), a clamping portion (5) is provided on the upper side of each seat ring (14), a grinding and polishing sheet (6) is installed on each clamping portion (5), a manipulator (2) is installed on the upper side of the base (11), a driving body (3) is installed on the front side of the manipulator (2), and the driving body (3) comprises a shell (31), an electric motor (32), and a driving body (33). The shell (31) comprises a base shell (311), an equipment cavity (312) is provided on the inner side of the base shell (311), a rotation groove (313) is provided on the lower side of the equipment cavity (312), an expansion groove (314) is provided on the lower side of the rotation groove (313), exhaust ducts (315) are provided on both the left and right sides of the rotation groove (313), a pump groove (316) is provided on the right side of the base shell (311), and the inner side of the equipment cavity (312) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the equipment cavity (312). A motor (32) is connected, and an air pump (33) for filling and sucking is installed inside the pump groove (316). A lower through-tube (34) is connected to the lower side of the air pump (33), and the other end of the lower through-tube (34) is connected to the rotating groove (313). The end of the output shaft of the motor (32) is fixedly connected to a sleeve module (4) located inside the rotating groove (313). The sleeve module (4) includes a sleeve shell (41), a guide member (42), a transfer portion (43), a spring (44), a conductive member (45) and a positioning member (46). The sleeve shell (41) includes a sleeve that is connected to the rotating groove (313). 13) a rotatably connected shell (411), wherein a matching groove (412) with a lower opening is provided on the inner side of the shell (411), a through-port (413) is connected to the upper side of the matching groove (412), a chamber (414) is connected to the upper side of the through-port (413), four guide holes (415) arranged at equal angles are provided on the upper side of the chamber (414), four tracks (416) arranged at equal angles are provided on the lower side of the chamber (414), and four expansion grooves (417) connected to the tracks (416) are provided on the outer side of the matching groove (412).

2. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing (37) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the expansion groove (314), and the inner ring of the bearing (37) is sleeved on the outer side of the housing (411). The lower side of the through opening (413) is connected to a guide member (42) fixedly connected to the top of the matching groove (412). The transfer portion (43) includes a plurality of damping conduits (433) located inside the guide hole (415). The lower side of a group of the damping conduits (433) is connected to a flow diversion shell (432), and the lower side of the flow diversion shell (432) is connected to a folded hose. (431), the lower end of the foldable hose (431) is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the chamber (414), and the foldable hose (431) is in communication with the through port (413), a one-way valve (434) is installed on the inner side of each of the damping conduits (433), and the upper end of a group of the damping conduits (433) is fixedly connected to a ring plate (435) located on the inner side of the rotating groove (313), and a spring (44) is sleeved on the outer side of the foldable hose (431), and the spring (44) is arranged between the inner wall of the chamber (414) and the distribution groove (313). The conductive member (45) comprises a guide bar (451) slidably connected to the track (416), and the upper end of the guide bar (451) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flow diversion shell (432). A positioning member (46) is provided on the inner side of the expansion groove (417). The positioning member (46) comprises a clamping block (461) slidably connected to the expansion groove (417). A receiving groove (462) is provided on a side of the clamping block (461) close to the guide bar (451). The clamping block (461) A clamping groove (463) is provided on one side of the clamping block (461) close to the matching groove (412); a guide groove (464) connected to the clamping groove (463) and the receiving groove (462) is provided on the lower side of the clamping block (461); a rail groove (465) is provided on the upper side of the guide groove (464); a guide block (452) slidably connected to the guide groove (464) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the guide bar (451); and a guide rail (453) slidably connected to the rail groove (465) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the guide block (452).

3. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping head (5) comprises a base plate (51), a matching pin (52) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate (51), four clamping grooves (53) are provided on the outer curved surface of the matching pin (52), the inner sides of the clamping grooves (53) are fixedly connected to clamping strips (54), an axial through tube (55) passing through the grinding and polishing sheet (6) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the base plate (51), a tightening ring (56) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lower thread of the axial through tube (55), a guiding groove (59) is provided at the top end of the matching pin (52), and the seat ring (14) is arranged on the lower side of the grinding and polishing sheet (6).

4. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: A control host (7) is installed on the rear side of the base (11); the manipulator (2), the motor (32), the inflation and suction dual-purpose air pump (33) and the control host (7) are electrically connected; the ring plate (435) is sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft of the motor (32); the inner curved surface of the ring plate (435) fits with the outer curved surface of the output shaft of the motor (32); the diameter of the ring plate (435) is the same as the inner diameter of the rotating groove (313); the outer curved surface of the ring plate (435) fits with the inner curved surface of the rotating groove (313); the one-way valve (434) is arranged to flow from bottom to top; and the exhaust duct (315) is arranged between the sleeve shell (41) and the ring plate (435).

5. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guiding member (42) is a through frame structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the guiding groove (59) is a groove structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the outer curved surface of the damping guide tube (433) fits the inner wall of the guide hole (415); the grinding and polishing sheets (6) are located between the base plate (51) and the tightening ring (56); a plurality of the grinding and polishing sheets (6) are provided, and the grinding and polishing sheets (6) are provided with different sizes and meshes.

6. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the matching pin (52) is the same as the inner diameter of the matching groove (412); the top end of the matching pin (52) is a round head; the positioning member (46) is partially arranged on the inner side of the matching groove (412); the lower side of the positioning member (46) is provided with an inclined guide surface in the matching groove (412); the upper end of the clamping block (461) is a plane; and the upper inner wall of the clamping groove (53) is a plane.

7. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base plate (51) has a confluence channel (57) in communication with the shaft through tube (55) on its inner side, the matching pin (52) has an air channel (58) in communication with the confluence channel (57) on its inner side, the air channel (58) in communication with the guide groove (59), the upper side of the inflation / suction dual-purpose air pump (33) is in communication with the upper through tube (35), the base shell (311) has a sink groove (317) in its left side, the sink groove (317) has a collecting portion (36) installed in its inner side, the collecting portion (36) including a gas collecting portion in communication with the sink groove (317), and a gas collecting portion (36) in communication with the gas collecting portion (317). 17) a fixedly connected outer shell (361), the inner wall of the outer shell (361) is fixedly connected to elastic rubber strips (362) on both the front and rear sides, the inner side of the outer shell (361) is provided with an inner shell (363), the front and rear end surfaces of the inner shell (363) are provided with a card path (364), the elastic rubber strips (362) are arranged on the inner side of the card path (364), the left side opening of the inner shell (363) is fixedly connected to a sieve plate (365), and the left end of the upper through pipe (35) is connected to the outer shell (361).

8. The edge trimming equipment for machining steam turbine steel castings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The confluence channel (57) is composed of a plurality of channels arranged at equal angles. The confluence channel (57) is arranged on the upper side of the grinding and polishing sheet (6). The outer shell (361) is arranged with a left opening, and the inner shell (363) is arranged with an upper opening. The left end of the upper through pipe (35) is arranged on the upper side of the inner shell (363), and a pull block is arranged on the left side of the inner shell (363).

9. A casting process using an edge trimming device for processing a steam turbine steel casting according to any one of claims 1 to 8: Step 1: First, according to the design requirements of the steam turbine steel castings, the mold is manufactured. The design of the mold needs to consider factors such as the shape, size, and wall thickness of the casting to ensure the quality and performance of the casting, and complete the design and mold manufacturing; secondly, select suitable molding materials, such as alkaline phenolic resin sand, self-hardening furan resin sand, etc. These materials have good fire resistance and air permeability, which can ensure the quality of the subsequent castings, and complete the preparation of molding materials; then, use the molding materials to manufacture molds and sand cores. The surfaces of the molds and sand cores need to be coated with refractory coatings to improve their fire resistance and reduce sand sticking, and complete the molding and core making; after the above pre-processing steps are prepared, the high-temperature molten metal liquid is poured into the mold. During the pouring process, the pouring speed and temperature need to be controlled to ensure that the metal liquid can evenly fill the mold to avoid the generation of defects such as pores and shrinkage cavities, and complete the pouring; after the casting is cooled and solidified in the mold, it is demolded. Careful operation is required during the demolding process to avoid damage to the casting, and the cooling and demolding operations are completed, and finally post-processing grinding and polishing are performed; Step 2: Automatic installation operation, the control host (7) controls the movement of various equipment throughout the process. First, the control manipulator (2) accurately drives the driving body (3) and the ferrule module (4) to move to the top of the corresponding ferrule head (5) of the grinding and polishing sheet (6) to be installed. Then, the ferrule module (4) is controlled to move downward and connect with the ferrule head (5). During the connection process, the matching pin (52) is inserted into the matching groove (412), and its top end contacts the inclined guide surface of the positioning member (46) and squeezes the positioning member (46), so that it moves deeper into the expansion groove (417) and leaves the matching groove ( 412), since the positioning member (46) and the conducting member (45) are linked by transmission through the guide block (452), the guide groove (464), the guide rail (453) and the rail groove (465), the positioning member (46) moves into the expansion groove (417) to drive the conducting member (45) to move downward, thereby driving the diverter housing (432) to move downward, so that the spring (44) is forced to contract. At this time, the positioning member (46) is separated from the matching groove (412) and no longer interferes with the further insertion of the matching pin (52). The matching pin (52) penetrates into the matching groove (412), so that the guide groove (59) that moves with the matching pin (52) is ) cooperates with the guide member (42), so that the guide member (42) is completely inserted into the guide groove (59), and then the matching pin (52) is guided and adjusted, so that each clamping groove (53), the clamping strip (54) is aligned with the clamping block (461) and the clamping groove (463) of each positioning member (46). At this time, the spring (44) is reset and expanded, pushing the splitter shell (432) and each conductive member (45) to move upward. The upward movement of each conductive member (45) causes each positioning member (46) to reset toward the matching pin (52) through transmission linkage, so that the clamping block (461) of each positioning member (46) is clamped into the clamping groove (53), and each clamping strip (54) is aligned with the clamping block (461) and the clamping groove (463). 4) Insert the card slot (463) to complete the clamping and positioning of the matching pin (52) by each positioning member (46). At the same time, the damping guide tube (433) cooperates with the guide hole (415) to apply damping to the shunt shell (432), so that the shunt shell (432) and the conductive member (45) maintain their positions, so that the positioning member (46) linked to each conductive member (45) maintains the clamping and positioning of the matching pin (52), and completes the connection between the card sleeve module (4) and the card head (5), so that the card sleeve module (4) can drive the grinding and polishing sheet (6) to rotate through the card head (5), and the automatic installation operation is completed through the above operations; Step 3: Automatic disassembly operation. During the automatic installation operation, the control host (7) controls the movements of various devices throughout the process. First, the dual-purpose air pump (33) is started to inflate the rotating groove (313) through the lower pipe (34). As the rotating groove (313) is quickly filled with gas, the ring plate (435), the damping conduit (433) and the flow dividing shell (432) are pushed downward, thereby driving each conductive member (45) to move downward. This action causes each positioning member (46) linked to the conductive member (45) to expand. The positioning member (46) is displaced in the expansion groove (417), so that the clamping block (461) of each positioning member (46) is disengaged from the clamping groove (53), and each clamping groove (463) is disengaged from the clamping strip (54), and the matching pin (52) is no longer positioned and clamped. When the positioning member (46) is completely received by the expansion groove (417), the clamping sleeve module (4) is controlled to move upward, and the separation of the clamping sleeve module (4) and the clamping head (5) is completed, and then the separation between the clamping sleeve module (4) and the grinding and polishing sheet (6) is completed. The automatic disassembly operation is completed through the above operation; Step 4: Post-processing operation, through the combination of automatic installation operation and automatic disassembly operation, the edge trimming equipment can automatically replace the grinding and polishing disc of appropriate size and mesh number according to the polishing and grinding requirements. After the replacement is completed, the motor (32) is started by controlling the main machine (7), so that the end of the output shaft of the motor (32) drives the ferrule module (4) and the chuck head (5) to rotate, thereby causing the grinding and polishing disc (6) to rotate at high speed. At this time, the main machine (7) controls the manipulator (2) to accurately adjust the position of the grinding and polishing disc (6), and grinds and polishes the edge of the turbine steel casting to be processed, thereby completing the post-processing operation. Finally, the steel casting is quality inspected to check whether there are defects. If there are no quality problems, the casting of the turbine steel casting is completed.

Images