Spherically-arranged multifunctional 3D printer nozzle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, and particularly relates to a spherically-arranged multifunctional 3D printer nozzle which comprises a printer base and an XYZ-axis ball head driving structure mounted on one side of the printer base. An X1Y1Z1 axis type printing nozzle is mounted on one side of the XYZ axis type ball head driving structure, and the X1Y1Z1 axis type printing nozzle is composed of an X1 axis type rotating structure, a Y1 axis type rotating structure, a Z1 axis type rotating structure and a printing nozzle assembly; according to the 3D printing device, the X1Y1Z1 axis type printing nozzles are driven to move through the XYZ axis type ball head driving structure, and the printing nozzles can rotate with the X1 axis, the Y1 axis and the Z1 axis as the rotating center under the cooperation of the X1 axis type rotating structure, the Y1 axis type rotating structure and the Z1 axis type rotating structure, so that each printing nozzle can conduct printing at any angle; the flexibility is high, the printing requirements of various complex geometrical shapes can be met, and the printing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing equipment, and in particular relates to a spherically arranged multifunctional 3D printer nozzle. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing technology can save materials, reduce costs, improve material utilization, and directly generate parts of any shape from computer graphics data. In addition, 3D printing can automatically, quickly and accurately convert designs into physical models, effectively shortening the product development cycle. It can also print assembled products, greatly reducing assembly costs; in the existing technology, traditional 3D printing nozzles usually stack materials layer by layer on a horizontal plane; and existing 3D printing cannot achieve multi-angle unsupported printing, that is: when encountering a hanging angle of less than 45 degrees, additional supports are required for printing, and the supports are removed after printing. At the same time, when performing multi-color printing, the print head needs to be constantly replaced, or the print head needs to cut and discharge the original printing wire, and then extract the required printing wire to continue printing. In this process, the cut and discharged wires are wasted, which not only increases material costs and printing time, but also reduces printing efficiency and increases carbon emissions in the printing process. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved The present invention provides a spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle to solve the following problems; 1. Traditional 3D printing nozzles usually deposit materials layer by layer on a horizontal plane and cannot achieve multi-angle printing; 2. Existing 3D printing cannot achieve multi-angle support-free printing, that is, when printing with an overhang angle less than 45 degrees, additional supports are required for printing, and then the supports are removed after printing, which is time-consuming and wastes materials; 3. When performing multi-color printing, the print head needs to be constantly replaced, or the original printing wire needs to be cut and discharged, which increases material costs and printing time, and reduces printing efficiency.

[0004] (II) Technical content To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A spherical multifunctional 3D printer nozzle comprises a printer base and an XYZ-axis ball head driving structure installed on one side of the printer base; An X1Y1Z1 axis print head is installed on one side of the XYZ axis ball head drive structure, and the X1Y1Z1 axis print head is composed of an X1 axis rotating structure, a Y1 axis rotating structure, a Z1 axis rotating structure and a print head assembly; A docking shell is provided on one side of the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure, the Y1-axis rotating structure is installed on the docking shell, the Z1-axis rotating structure is installed on the Y1-axis rotating structure, the X1-axis rotating structure is installed on the Z1-axis rotating structure, and the print head assembly is installed on the X1-axis rotating structure.

[0005] Furthermore, a horizontally placed hot bed and two vertically placed hot beds are installed on the printer base, and a horizontally placed hot bed is also installed on top of the two vertically placed hot beds, and the two adjacent hot beds are perpendicular to each other; The Y1-axis rotating structure includes a Y1-axis turbine gear disk and a Y1-axis worm gear, the Y1-axis turbine gear disk is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the docking housing, a first worm motor is arranged on the docking housing, the Y1-axis worm gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the first worm motor, and the Y1-axis worm gear is meshed with the Y1-axis turbine gear disk; One side of the docking shell is rotatably connected with a clamping piece for clamping the Z1-axis rotating structure, and the Y1-axis turbine gear disc is fixedly clamped with the clamping piece.

[0006] Further, the Z1-axis rotating structure includes a Z1-axis turbine gear and a Z1-axis worm, the Z1-axis turbine gear is rotatably connected to the clamping member, a second worm motor is provided on the clamping member, the Z1-axis worm is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the second worm motor, and the Z1-axis worm is meshed with the Z1-axis turbine gear; The clamping piece is rotatably connected with the ball head docking outer frame, and the Z1-axis turbine gear disc is fixedly clamped with the ball head docking outer frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the X1-axis rotating structure includes an X1-axis turbine gear and an X1-axis worm, the X1-axis turbine gear is rotatably connected to the ball joint outer frame, a third worm motor is arranged on the ball joint outer frame, the X1-axis worm is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the third worm motor, and the X1-axis worm is meshed with the X1-axis turbine gear; The print head assembly is rotatably connected to the ball head docking outer frame, and the X1-axis turbine gear disc is fixedly connected to the print head assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the print head assembly is formed by a semicircular print head housing A and a print head housing B being snap-connected, and the print head housing A and the print head housing B are snap-connected to form two symmetrically distributed snap-connecting slots, the X1-axis turbine gear disc is fixedly snap-connected to one of the snap-connecting slots, and the ball head docking outer frame is rotatably connected to a fixed snap-connecting buckle on one side away from the X1-axis turbine gear disc, and the fixed snap-connecting buckle is fixedly snap-connected to the other snap-connecting slot; A plurality of nozzle heaters are installed in a circular pattern on the inner walls of the print head housing A and the print head housing B, and the nozzle heaters on the print head housing A and the print head housing B are symmetrically distributed, and printing nozzles are installed on the plurality of nozzle heaters, and a plurality of mounting ports corresponding to the printing nozzles are opened on the print head housing A and the print head housing B, and the printing nozzles are installed on the corresponding mounting ports, and the discharge end of the printing nozzle passes through the mounting port and extends outside.

[0009] Furthermore, both the print head housing A and the print head housing B are provided with cooling air ducts, and the outer surfaces of the print head housing A and the print head housing B are provided with multiple air duct outlets corresponding one by one to the printing nozzles, and the multiple air duct outlets are all connected to the corresponding cooling air ducts, and the air duct outlets are arranged on the corresponding printing nozzles.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of feed conduits are provided on the X1-axis turbine gear disc and the fixing buckle, the feed conduits correspond to the nozzle heaters one by one, and the feed conduits are connected to the corresponding printing nozzles through the nozzle heaters; The fixing buckle is also provided with an air duct, one end of which is provided with two branch pipes, the two branch pipes are respectively connected to the cooling air ducts on the print head housing A and the print head housing B, and the other end of the air duct is connected to an external fan; A wire harness tube is provided on the turbine gear disc of the X1 axis, and temperature measuring elements are electrically connected to multiple nozzle heaters. The wires of the nozzle heaters and the temperature measuring elements are passed through the wire harness tube.

[0011] Further, the XYZ-axis ball head drive structure includes two longitudinal docking slide rails mounted on one side of the printer base; A Z-axis drive motor is installed on the same side of the two longitudinal docking slides, and a first belt meshing wheel corresponding to the Z-axis drive motor is also rotatably connected to the same side of the two longitudinal docking slides. The two first belt meshing wheels are meshed with the same first transmission belt, and screws are fixed on the tops of the two Z-axis drive motors, and the tops of the screws are fixedly connected to the corresponding first belt meshing wheels.

[0012] Furthermore, the two screws are threadedly connected with a docking kit, the docking kit is mounted on the corresponding longitudinal docking slide rail, and the docking kit is rollingly connected to the longitudinal docking slide rail through a roller, the same side of the two docking kits is fixed with the same transverse docking slide rail, the inner walls on both sides of the transverse docking slide rail are rotatably connected with a second belt engaging wheel, the two second belt engaging wheels are engaged with the same second transmission belt, and a Y-axis drive motor is provided on one side of the transverse docking slide rail, and the rotating shaft of the Y-axis drive motor is fixedly connected to one of the second belt engaging wheels.

[0013] Furthermore, a sliding member is slidably connected to the transverse docking slide rail, the sliding member is fixedly connected to the upper belt body of the second transmission belt, the sliding member is slidably connected to a ball head bracket, the ball head bracket is also fixedly connected to a rack plate, the rack plate is perpendicular to the transverse docking slide rail, the free end of the rack plate slides through the sliding member and extends outside, an X-axis drive motor is installed on one side of the sliding member, the rotating shaft of the X-axis drive motor extends to the inside of the sliding member, and a gear meshing with the rack plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft extending to the inside of the sliding member; The same side of the ball head bracket and the rack plate is fixedly connected to the docking housing.

[0014] (III) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure drives the X1Y1Z1-axis printing nozzle to move, and with the cooperation of the X1-axis rotating structure, the Y1-axis rotating structure and the Z1-axis rotating structure, each printing nozzle can print with the hot bed on the X, Y, and Z axes and the top as the reference surface, so that the printing freedom is higher, the model can be constructed in multiple dimensions, and it is more suitable for the printing of special models and special structures. Moreover, each printing nozzle can rotate with the X1, Y1, and Z1 axes as the rotation center, and stacking printing can be performed at any position in the X, Y, and Z three-dimensional space, thereby realizing support-free printing, which can meet the printing needs of objects with complex geometric shapes, save time and materials compared with the traditional horizontal layer-by-layer stacking 3D printing mode, and improve printing efficiency and flexibility; and the printing method and path can be changed according to the structural characteristics and strength requirements of the printed object, and the strength of the printed object in the Z-axis direction can be increased, so that the printed object has approximately isotropic properties in all directions and the Z-axis strength of all three dimensions, thereby increasing the structural strength.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, multiple printing nozzles are provided to meet the needs of printing and modeling in multiple colors. When switching colors, there is no need to cut off the material. The printing nozzles installed with corresponding colors can be switched through the cooperation of the X1-axis rotating structure, the Y1-axis rotating structure and the Z1-axis rotating structure. This is efficient and fast and improves the utilization rate of the printing wire. At the same time, the printing nozzles on the print head shell A and the print head shell B are symmetrically distributed. The semicircular print head shell A and the print head shell B are spherical as a whole after being snapped together. While reducing the occupied space, the printing nozzles can be evenly distributed and the time required for adjustment can be reduced.

[0016] 3. In the present invention, the printing wire is inserted into the corresponding feed duct, heated and melted by the nozzle heater, and then discharged from the printing nozzle for printing. The external fan transports the cold air through the air duct and branch pipe to the corresponding cooling air duct, and discharges it through the air duct outlet, thereby cooling the printed wire.

[0017] Fourth, in the present invention, the wires of each nozzle heater and temperature measuring element are passed through the wire harness tube, and the wires are arranged and protected by the wire harness tube, so that the interior of the print head housing A and the print head housing B are neat and tidy.

[0018] 5. In the present invention, the provided rollers can reduce the friction between the docking kit and the two longitudinal docking rails when the docking kit moves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the docking housing and the Y1-axis rotating structure in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the docking housing, the Y1-axis turbine gear disc and the clamping member in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the Z1-axis rotating structure and the ball head docking outer frame in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting piece, the Z1-axis turbine gear disc and the ball head docking outer frame in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the X1-axis rotating structure, the ball head docking outer frame and the printing nozzle assembly in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the print head housing A, print head housing B and fixing buckle in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the print head housing A, the print head housing B, the card slot, the mounting port and the air duct outlet in the present invention; Fig.10 A partial cutaway view of a print head assembly of the present invention; Fig.11 A cross-sectional view of a print head assembly in the present invention; Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the Z-axis drive motor, screw, docking kit and roller in the present invention; Fig.13 for Fig.12 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the docking kit and the transverse docking rail in the present invention; Fig.15 for Fig.14 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding member, the ball head bracket and the docking housing in the present invention; Fig.17 It is a cross-sectional view of the sliding member in the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Printer base; 2. X1 axis rotating structure; 3. Y1 axis rotating structure; 4. Z1 axis rotating structure; 5. Print head assembly; 6. Docking shell; 7. Y1 axis turbine gear; 8. Y1 axis worm; 9. First worm motor; 10. Snap-on; 11. Z1 axis turbine gear; 12. Z1 axis worm; 13. Second worm motor; 14. Ball head docking frame; 15. X1 axis turbine gear; 16. X1 axis worm; 17. Third worm motor; 18. Print head shell A; 19. Print head shell B; 20. Snap-on slot; 21. Fixing buckle; 22. Nozzle heater; 2 3. Print nozzle; 24. Mounting port; 25. Cooling air duct; 26. Air duct outlet; 27. Feed duct; 28. Air duct; 29. ​​Branch pipe; 30. Hot bed; 31. Cable bundle tube; 32. Temperature measuring element; 33. Longitudinal docking slide; 34. Z-axis drive motor; 35. First belt meshing wheel; 36. First transmission belt; 37. Screw; 38. Docking kit; 39. Roller; 40. Horizontal docking slide; 41. Second belt meshing wheel; 42. Second transmission belt; 43. Y-axis drive motor; 44. Sliding part; 45. Ball head bracket; 46. Rack plate; 47. X-axis drive motor; 48. Gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example like Figure 1-Figure 17 As shown, a spherical multifunctional 3D printer nozzle comprises a printer base 1 and an XYZ-axis ball head driving structure installed on one side of the printer base 1, a horizontally placed hot bed 30 and two vertically placed hot beds 30 are installed on the printer base 1, a horizontally placed hot bed 30 is also installed on the top of the two vertically placed hot beds 30, two adjacent hot beds 30 are perpendicular to each other, and an X1Y1Z1-axis printing nozzle is installed on one side of the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure; like Figure 2 , Figure 12-Figure 17 As shown, specifically: the XYZ-axis ball head drive structure includes two longitudinal docking slide rails 33 installed on one side of the printer base 1; A Z-axis driving motor 34 is installed on the same side of the two longitudinal docking slide rails 33. A first belt meshing wheel 35 corresponding to the Z-axis driving motor 34 is also rotatably connected to the same side of the two longitudinal docking slide rails 33. The two first belt meshing wheels 35 mesh with the same first transmission belt 36. A screw rod 37 is fixed to the top of the two Z-axis driving motors 34, and the top of the screw rod 37 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first belt meshing wheel 35, so as to position the top of the screw rod 37. The two screw rods 37 are both threadedly connected with a docking kit 38, which is sleeved on the corresponding longitudinal docking rail 33 and connected to the longitudinal docking rail 33 by a roller 39. The friction between the docking kit 38 and the two longitudinal docking rails 33 can be reduced by the roller 39 when the docking kit 38 moves. Fig.12 and Fig.14 As shown, the same side of the two docking kits 38 is fixed with the same transverse docking rail 40, as shown in FIG. Fig.15 As shown, the inner walls of both sides of the transverse docking slide 40 are rotatably connected with second belt meshing wheels 41, and the two second belt meshing wheels 41 are meshed with the same second transmission belt 42. A Y-axis drive motor 43 is provided on one side of the transverse docking slide 40, and the rotating shaft of the Y-axis drive motor 43 is fixedly connected to one of the second belt meshing wheels 41; like Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, a sliding member 44 is slidably connected to the transverse docking slide rail 40, and the sliding member 44 is fixedly connected to the upper belt body of the second transmission belt 42. The sliding member 44 is slidably connected to a ball head bracket 45, and a rack plate 46 is also fixedly connected to the ball head bracket 45. The rack plate 46 is perpendicular to the transverse docking slide rail 40, and the free end of the rack plate 46 slides through the sliding member 44 and extends outside. An X-axis driving motor 47 is installed on one side of the sliding member 44, and the rotating shaft of the X-axis driving motor 47 extends to the inside of the sliding member 44, and a gear 48 meshing with the rack plate 46 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft extending to the inside of the sliding member 44; like Figure 2-Figure 11 As shown, the X1Y1Z1 axis print head is composed of an X1 axis rotating structure 2, a Y1 axis rotating structure 3, a Z1 axis rotating structure 4 and a print head assembly 5; like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a docking housing 6 is provided on one side of the XYZ-axis ball head drive structure, specifically: the same side of the ball head bracket 45 and the rack plate 46 is fixedly connected to the docking housing 6, and the Y1-axis rotating structure 3 is installed on the docking housing 6; like Figure 2 As shown, the Z1-axis rotating structure 4 is installed on the Y1-axis rotating structure 3, the X1-axis rotating structure 2 is installed on the Z1-axis rotating structure 4, and the print head assembly 5 is installed on the X1-axis rotating structure 2.

[0023] Specifically, during the printing process, when the X1Y1Z1 axis print head needs to move forward and backward, the X-axis drive motor 47 drives the gear 48 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the rack plate 46 to move forward and backward under the meshing action, thereby driving the docking housing 6 and the X1Y1Z1 axis print head to move along the X-axis direction; When the X1Y1Z1 axis printing nozzle needs to move horizontally, the Y axis driving motor 43 drives the second belt meshing wheel 41 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives another second belt meshing wheel 41 to rotate in the same direction under the action of the second transmission belt 42, so that when the second transmission belt 42 moves, the upper belt body of the second transmission belt 42 drives the sliding member 44 to move along the Y axis direction, thereby driving the ball head bracket 45, the docking shell 6, and the X1Y1Z1 axis printing nozzle to move along the Y axis direction, and the sliding member 44 can be supported by the provided horizontal docking slide rail 40 to prevent the sliding member 44 from compressing and deforming the second transmission belt 42; When the X1Y1Z1 axis print head needs to move longitudinally, the two Z axis drive motors 34 simultaneously drive the corresponding screws 37 to rotate in the same direction, and the docking kit 38 moves along the Z axis under the meshing action, thereby driving the horizontal docking slide rail 40, the sliding member 44, the ball head bracket 45, the docking housing 6, and the X1Y1Z1 axis print head to move along the Z axis; Under the action of the XYZ axis ball head driving structure, the X1Y1Z1 axis printing nozzle can be moved arbitrarily on the X, Y and Z axes, thereby improving the flexibility of the X1Y1Z1 axis printing nozzle when moving.

[0024] Specific: such as Figure 3 As shown, the Y1-axis rotating structure 3 includes a Y1-axis turbine gear disc 7 and a Y1-axis worm 8. The Y1-axis turbine gear disc 7 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the docking housing 6. The docking housing 6 is provided with a first worm motor 9. The Y1-axis worm 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the first worm motor 9, and the Y1-axis worm 8 is meshed with the Y1-axis turbine gear disc 7. like Figure 4 As shown, a clamping member 10 for clamping the Z1-axis rotating structure 4 is rotatably connected to one side of the docking housing 6, and the Y1-axis turbine gear 7 is fixedly clamped with the clamping member 10. The Y1-axis turbine gear 7 and the Y1-axis worm 8 can improve the rotation accuracy of the clamping member 10, thereby improving the printing accuracy; like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the Z1-axis rotating structure 4 includes a Z1-axis turbine gear disc 11 and a Z1-axis worm 12, the Z1-axis turbine gear disc 11 is rotatably connected to the clamping member 10, a second worm motor 13 is provided on the clamping member 10, the Z1-axis worm 12 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the second worm motor 13, and the Z1-axis worm 12 is meshed with the Z1-axis turbine gear disc 11; The clamping member 10 is rotatably connected with the ball head docking outer frame 14, and the Z1 axis turbine gear plate 11 is fixedly clamped with the ball head docking outer frame 14. The Z1 axis turbine gear plate 11 and the Z1 axis worm 12 can improve the rotation accuracy of the ball head docking outer frame 14, and further improve the printing accuracy; like Figure 7 As shown, the X1-axis rotating structure 2 includes an X1-axis turbine gear disc 15 and an X1-axis worm 16, the X1-axis turbine gear disc 15 is rotatably connected to the ball joint outer frame 14, the ball joint outer frame 14 is provided with a third worm motor 17, the X1-axis worm 16 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the third worm motor 17, and the X1-axis worm 16 is meshed with the X1-axis turbine gear disc 15; like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the print head assembly 5 is rotatably connected to the ball head docking outer frame 14, and the X1-axis turbine gear 15 is fixedly engaged with the print head assembly 5. The setting of the X1-axis turbine gear 15 and the X1-axis worm 16 can improve the rotation accuracy of the print head assembly 5 and further improve the printing accuracy.

[0025] Specifically, the X1Y1Z1 axis print head is driven to move by the XYZ axis ball head driving structure, and the third worm motor 17 drives the X1 axis worm 16 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the X1 axis turbine gear 15 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the X1 axis as the rotation center; The second worm motor 13 drives the Z1-axis worm 12 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the Z1-axis turbine gear plate 11 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the ball head docking outer frame 14 and the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the Z1 axis as the rotation center; The first worm motor 9 drives the Y1-axis worm 8 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the Y1-axis turbine gear plate 7 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the clamping part 10, the ball joint outer frame 14, and the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the Z1 axis as the rotation center; In the present invention, the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure drives the X1Y1Z1-axis printing nozzle to move, and with the cooperation of the X1-axis rotating structure 2, the Y1-axis rotating structure 3 and the Z1-axis rotating structure 4, each printing nozzle assembly 5 can rotate with the X1, Y1, and Z1 axes as the rotation center, so that the printing nozzle assembly 5 can print at any angle, and stack materials can be printed at any position in the X, Y, and Z three-dimensional space, thereby realizing support-free printing, which can meet the printing needs of objects with complex geometric shapes, and is more convenient than traditional horizontal layer-by-layer stacking. The 3D printing mode saves time and materials, improves printing efficiency and flexibility; and the printing method and path can be changed according to the structural characteristics and strength requirements of the printed object, which can increase the strength of the printed object in the Z-axis direction, so that the printed object has approximately isotropic properties in all directions and Z-axis strength in all three dimensions, thereby increasing the structural strength. At the same time, with the cooperation of the Y1-axis turbine gear 7 and the Y1-axis worm 8, the Z1-axis turbine gear 11 and the Z1-axis worm 12, and the X1-axis turbine gear 15 and the X1-axis worm 16, the printing accuracy is improved, and the printing error and material waste are reduced.

[0026] Further, such as Figure 9-11 As shown, the print head assembly 5 is formed by a semicircular print head housing A18 and a print head housing B19 being clamped together. After the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19 are clamped together, two symmetrically distributed clamping slots 20 are formed, and the nozzle heaters 22 on the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19 are symmetrically distributed. The X1-axis turbine gear disc 15 is fixedly clamped with one of the clamping slots 20, and the ball head docking outer frame 14 is rotatably connected to a fixed buckle 21 on one side away from the X1-axis turbine gear disc 15, and the fixed buckle 21 is fixedly clamped with the other clamping slot 20; A plurality of nozzle heaters 22 for heating the printing wire are circumferentially mounted on the inner wall of the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19, and a printing nozzle 23 is mounted on each of the plurality of nozzle heaters 22. A plurality of mounting openings 24 corresponding to the printing nozzles 23 are provided on the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19, and the printing nozzles 23 are mounted on the corresponding mounting openings 24, and the discharge ends of the printing nozzles 23 pass through the mounting openings 24 and extend outside. The third worm motor 17 drives the X1-axis worm 16 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the X1-axis turbine gear 15 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the X1 axis as the rotation center. Specifically, when the X1-axis turbine gear 15 rotates, it drives the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19 to rotate, thereby adjusting the required print nozzle 23 to the corresponding position; Further, such as Fig.11As shown, the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19 are both provided with a cooling air duct 25, and the outer surfaces of the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19 are provided with a plurality of air duct outlets 26 corresponding to the printing nozzles 23 one by one, and the plurality of air duct outlets 26 are all connected to the corresponding cooling air duct 25, and the air duct outlets 26 are sleeved on the corresponding printing nozzles 23; Further, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of feed conduits 27 are provided on the X1-axis turbine gear disc 15 and the fixing buckle 21, and the feed conduits 27 correspond to the nozzle heaters 22 one by one, and the feed conduits 27 are connected to the corresponding printing nozzles 23 through the nozzle heaters 22; like Fig.11 As shown, the fixing buckle 21 is also provided with an air duct 28, one end of which is provided with two branch pipes 29, the two branch pipes 29 are respectively connected to the cooling air ducts 25 on the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19, and the other end of the air duct 28 is connected to an external fan; like Figure 7 and Fig.11 As shown, a wire harness tube 31 is provided on the X1-axis turbine gear disc 15, and multiple nozzle heaters 22 are electrically connected with temperature measuring elements 32 for detecting temperature. During installation, the wires of each nozzle heater 22 and the temperature measuring element 32 are all passed through the wire harness tube 31, and the wires are arranged and protected by the wire harness tube 31, so that the interior of the print head housing A18 and the print head housing B19 are tidy.

[0027] Specifically, the printing wire is inserted into the corresponding feed conduit 27, and the printing wire is heated and melted by the nozzle heater 22, and then discharged from the printing nozzle 23 to perform printing. The external fan conveys cold air through the air duct 28 and the branch pipe 29 to the corresponding cooling air duct 25, and is discharged through the air duct outlet 26, thereby cooling the printed wire; Traditional 3D printing usually uses a print head to stack printing materials layer by layer in a horizontal manner. In the present invention, the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure drives the X1Y1Z1-axis print head to move, and with the cooperation of the X1-axis rotating structure 2, the Y1-axis rotating structure 3 and the Z1-axis rotating structure 4, each print nozzle 23 can print with the hot bed 30 on the X, Y, Z axes and the top as the reference surface, so that the printing freedom is higher, the model can be constructed in multiple dimensions, and it is faster to be suitable for the printing of special models and special structures, and each print nozzle 23 can be It can rotate with the X1, Y1, and Z1 axes as the rotation center, and perform stacking printing at any position in the X, Y, and Z three-dimensional space, thereby realizing support-free printing, which can meet the printing needs of objects with complex geometric shapes. It saves time and materials compared to the traditional horizontal layer-by-layer 3D printing mode, and improves printing efficiency and flexibility. In addition, the printing method and path can be changed according to the structural characteristics and strength requirements of the printed object, which can increase the strength of the printed object in the Z-axis direction, so that the printed object has approximately isotropic properties in all directions and strength in the Z-axis direction of all three dimensions, thereby increasing the structural strength.

[0028] Secondly, by setting up multiple printing nozzles 23, the printing needs of multiple colors and nozzles of different diameters can be met. When switching colors, there is no need to cut off the material. The printing nozzles 23 installed with corresponding colors can be switched through the cooperation of the X1-axis rotating structure 2, the Y1-axis rotating structure 3 and the Z1-axis rotating structure 4. This is efficient and fast and improves the utilization rate of the printing wire. At the same time, the printing nozzles 23 on the print head shell A18 and the print head shell B19 are symmetrically distributed. The semicircular print head shell A18 and the print head shell B19 are spherical as a whole after being snapped together. While reducing the occupied space, the printing nozzles 23 can also be evenly distributed, reducing the time required for adjustment.

[0029] In summary, the workflow of the present invention is: Insert the printing wire into the corresponding feed conduit 27, heat and melt the printing wire through the nozzle heater 22, and then discharge it from the printing nozzle 23 to print. The external fan conveys the cold air through the air duct 28 and the branch pipe 29 to the corresponding cooling air duct 25, and discharges it through the air duct outlet 26, so as to cool the printed wire; During the printing process, when the X1Y1Z1 axis print head needs to move forward and backward, the X-axis drive motor 47 drives the gear 48 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the rack plate 46 to move forward and backward under the meshing action, thereby driving the docking housing 6 and the X1Y1Z1 axis print head to move along the X-axis direction; When the X1Y1Z1 axis printing nozzle needs to move horizontally, the Y axis driving motor 43 drives the second belt meshing wheel 41 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives another second belt meshing wheel 41 to rotate in the same direction under the action of the second transmission belt 42, so that when the second transmission belt 42 moves, the upper belt body of the second transmission belt 42 drives the sliding member 44 to move along the Y axis direction, thereby driving the ball head bracket 45, the docking shell 6, and the X1Y1Z1 axis printing nozzle to move along the Y axis direction, and the sliding member 44 can be supported by the provided horizontal docking slide rail 40 to prevent the sliding member 44 from compressing and deforming the second transmission belt 42; When the X1Y1Z1 axis print head needs to move longitudinally, the two Z axis drive motors 34 simultaneously drive the corresponding screws 37 to rotate in the same direction, and the docking kit 38 moves along the Z axis under the meshing action, thereby driving the horizontal docking slide rail 40, the sliding member 44, the ball head bracket 45, the docking housing 6, and the X1Y1Z1 axis print head to move along the Z axis; When adjusting the angle of the print nozzle 23, the third worm motor 17 drives the X1-axis worm 16 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the X1-axis turbine gear 15 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the X1 axis as the rotation center; The second worm motor 13 drives the Z1-axis worm 12 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the Z1-axis turbine gear plate 11 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the ball head docking outer frame 14 and the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the Z1 axis as the rotation center; The first worm motor 9 drives the Y1-axis worm 8 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and drives the Y1-axis turbine gear plate 7 to rotate under the meshing action, thereby causing the clamping part 10, the ball joint outer frame 14, and the print head assembly 5 to rotate with the Z1 axis as the rotation center; The XYZ-axis ball head driving structure is used to drive the X1Y1Z1-axis printing nozzle to move, and with the cooperation of the X1-axis rotating structure 2, the Y1-axis rotating structure 3 and the Z1-axis rotating structure 4, the printing nozzle 23 can rotate with the X1, Y1, and Z1 axes as the rotation center, so that the printing nozzle 23 can flexibly print from various angles.

[0030] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the first worm motor 9, the second worm motor 13, the third worm motor 17, the nozzle heater 22, the hot bed 30, the Z-axis drive motor 34, the Y-axis drive motor 43, the X-axis drive motor 47 and the fan are commonplace and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated herein. Those skilled in the art may make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0031] The above different embodiments can be combined, replaced and used in conjunction with each other.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spherical multifunctional 3D printer nozzle, characterized in that: It comprises a printer base (1) and an XYZ-axis ball head drive structure installed on one side of the printer base (1); An X1Y1Z1 axis type printing nozzle is installed on one side of the XYZ axis type ball head driving structure, and the X1Y1Z1 axis type printing nozzle is composed of an X1 axis type rotating structure (2), a Y1 axis type rotating structure (3), a Z1 axis type rotating structure (4) and a printing nozzle assembly (5); A docking shell (6) is provided on one side of the XYZ-axis ball head driving structure, the Y1-axis rotating structure (3) is mounted on the docking shell (6), the Z1-axis rotating structure (4) is mounted on the Y1-axis rotating structure (3), the X1-axis rotating structure (2) is mounted on the Z1-axis rotating structure (4), and the X1-axis rotating structure (2) is mounted on the X1-axis rotating structure (2).

2. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontally placed heating bed (30) and two vertically placed heating beds (30) are mounted on the printer base (1); a horizontally placed heating bed (30) is mounted on top of the two vertically placed heating beds (30); and two adjacent heating beds (30) are perpendicular to each other; The Y1-axis rotating structure (3) comprises a Y1-axis turbine gear disc (7) and a Y1-axis worm gear (8), wherein the Y1-axis turbine gear disc (7) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the docking housing (6), a first worm motor (9) is provided on the docking housing (6), the Y1-axis worm gear (8) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the first worm motor (9), and the Y1-axis worm gear (8) is meshed with the Y1-axis turbine gear disc (7); A clamping piece (10) for clamping the Z1-axis rotating structure (4) is rotatably connected to one side of the docking housing (6), and the Y1-axis turbine gear disc (7) is fixedly clamped to the clamping piece (10).

3. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z1-axis rotating structure (4) comprises a Z1-axis turbine gear disc (11) and a Z1-axis worm gear (12); the Z1-axis turbine gear disc (11) is rotatably connected to a clamping member (10); a second worm motor (13) is provided on the clamping member (10); the Z1-axis worm gear (12) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the second worm motor (13); and the Z1-axis worm gear (12) is meshed with the Z1-axis turbine gear disc (11); The clamping member (10) is rotatably connected to a ball head docking outer frame (14), and the Z1-axis turbine gear disc (11) is fixedly clamped to the ball head docking outer frame (14).

4. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The X1-axis rotating structure (2) comprises an X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) and an X1-axis worm gear (16); the X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) is rotatably connected to a ball joint outer frame (14); a third worm motor (17) is provided on the ball joint outer frame (14); the X1-axis worm gear (16) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the third worm motor (17); and the X1-axis worm gear (16) is meshed with the X1-axis turbine gear disc (15); The print head assembly (5) is rotatably connected to the ball joint outer frame (14), and the X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) is fixedly engaged with the print head assembly (5).

5. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The print head assembly (5) is formed by a semicircular print head housing A (18) and a print head housing B (19) being snap-fitted together. After the print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19) are snap-fitted together, two symmetrically distributed snap-fitting slots (20) are formed. The X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) is fixedly snap-fitted to one of the snap-fitting slots (20). A side of the ball head docking outer frame (14) away from the X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) is rotatably connected to a fixed snap-fitting buckle (21). The fixed snap-fitting buckle (21) is fixedly snap-fitted to the other snap-fitting slot (20). A plurality of nozzle heaters (22) are circularly mounted on the inner walls of the print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19), and the nozzle heaters (22) on the print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19) are symmetrically distributed. A printing nozzle (23) is mounted on each of the plurality of nozzle heaters (22). A plurality of mounting openings (24) corresponding to the printing nozzles (23) are formed on the print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19), and the printing nozzles (23) are mounted on the corresponding mounting openings (24), and the discharge ends of the printing nozzles (23) pass through the mounting openings (24) and extend outside.

6. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19) are both provided with a cooling air duct (25); the outer surfaces of the print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19) are provided with a plurality of air duct outlets (26) corresponding one to one with the printing nozzles (23); the plurality of air duct outlets (26) are all connected to the corresponding cooling air duct (25); and the air duct outlets (26) are sleeved on the corresponding printing nozzles (23).

7. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of feed ducts (27) are provided on the X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) and the fixing buckle (21), the feed ducts (27) corresponding to the nozzle heaters (22) one by one, and the feed ducts (27) are connected to the corresponding printing nozzles (23) through the nozzle heaters (22); The fixing buckle (21) is also provided with an air duct (28), one end of the air duct (28) is provided with two branch pipes (29), the two branch pipes (29) are respectively connected to the cooling air ducts (25) on the print head housing A (18) and the print head housing B (19), and the other end of the air duct (28) is connected to an external fan; The X1-axis turbine gear disc (15) is provided with a wire harness tube (31), and the plurality of nozzle heaters (22) are electrically connected to temperature measuring elements (32), and the wires of the nozzle heaters (22) and the temperature measuring elements (32) are passed through the wire harness tube (31).

8. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The XYZ-axis ball head drive structure comprises two longitudinal docking slide rails (33) mounted on one side of the printer base (1); A Z-axis drive motor (34) is installed on the same side of the two longitudinal docking slide rails (33); a first belt meshing wheel (35) corresponding to the Z-axis drive motor (34) is also rotatably connected to the same side of the two longitudinal docking slide rails (33); the two first belt meshing wheels (35) are meshed with the same first transmission belt (36); a screw rod (37) is fixed to the top of the two Z-axis drive motors (34); and the top of the screw rod (37) is fixedly connected to the corresponding first belt meshing wheel (35).

9. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two screw rods (37) are both threadedly connected with a docking kit (38), the docking kit (38) is sleeved on the corresponding longitudinal docking slide rail (33), and the docking kit (38) is rollingly connected to the longitudinal docking slide rail (33) through a roller (39), the same side of the two docking kits (38) is fixed with the same transverse docking slide rail (40), the inner walls on both sides of the transverse docking slide rail (40) are rotatably connected with second belt meshing wheels (41), the two second belt meshing wheels (41) are meshed with the same second transmission belt (42), and a Y-axis driving motor (43) is arranged on one side of the transverse docking slide rail (40), and the rotating shaft of the Y-axis driving motor (43) is fixedly connected to one of the second belt meshing wheels (41).

10. The spherical arrangement multifunctional 3D printer nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The transverse docking slide rail (40) is slidably connected to a sliding member (44), the sliding member (44) is fixedly connected to the upper belt body of the second transmission belt (42), the sliding member (44) is slidably connected to a ball head bracket (45), the ball head bracket (45) is also fixedly connected to a rack plate (46), the rack plate (46) is perpendicular to the transverse docking slide rail (40), the free end of the rack plate (46) slides through the sliding member (44) and extends outside, an X-axis drive motor (47) is installed on one side of the sliding member (44), the rotating shaft of the X-axis drive motor (47) extends to the inside of the sliding member (44), and a gear (48) meshing with the rack plate (46) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft extending to the inside of the sliding member (44); The same side of the ball head bracket (45) and the rack plate (46) is fixedly connected to the docking housing (6).

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