Separate shell, braking system and rail vehicle

Abstract

This invention provides a split-type housing, a braking device, and a rail vehicle, belonging to the field of rail vehicle technology. It includes a housing body composed of a detachably connected first housing and a second housing. The housing body defines an installation space suitable for mounting multiple braking components. Multiple guide protrusions are axially arranged along the inner wall of the installation space, guiding and circumferentially restricting the installation of the braking components within the installation space. The entire installation space can accommodate the braking components via the guide protrusions, restricting the circumferential freedom of the braking components and ensuring they do not rotate circumferentially. This provides the possibility of stacking multiple braking components, allowing the number of braking components to be increased or decreased according to braking force requirements. This enables a single braking device to meet braking needs, greatly simplifying the structure of existing braking devices and significantly reducing their weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and more particularly to a split-type shell, a braking device, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The basic braking system used in high-speed trains and subways is usually an air brake caliper with a brake disc, while the basic braking system used in trams is a hydraulic brake caliper with a brake.

[0003] The above two are the mainstream braking types. Both types require large brake calipers and installation space, occupying a significant portion of the bogie's space and making it difficult to simplify the frame structure. Furthermore, each caliper can only clamp one brake disc, meaning there are only two friction pairs, which is limited. Therefore, each bogie needs multiple brake calipers and discs to meet the required braking force, resulting in a large overall weight, complex bogie structure, and an inability to simplify the structure or reduce weight.

[0004] Furthermore, in the existing technology, the braking capacity of the braking components supported in each housing is limited due to the constraints of the supporting housing, which makes it difficult to effectively expand the braking capacity of the braking devices. This makes it difficult to achieve lightweight design in traditional mainstream braking devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a split-type shell, a braking device, and a rail vehicle to solve the shortcomings of existing braking devices, which are heavy, numerous, and difficult to lighten.

[0006] This invention provides a split-type housing, comprising a housing body consisting of a first housing and a second housing that are detachably connected;

[0007] The housing body defines an installation space suitable for mounting multiple braking components. Multiple guide protrusions are axially constructed along the inner wall of the installation space. The guide protrusions are adapted to guide the braking components to be installed in the installation space, and the guide protrusions are configured to restrict the circumferential movement of the braking components.

[0008] According to the split-type housing provided by the present invention, a dividing part is provided inside the housing body, and the dividing part divides the installation space into two independent assembly spaces.

[0009] According to the split-type housing provided by the present invention, the split portion consists of a first split plate connected to the first housing and a second split plate connected to the second housing.

[0010] According to the split housing provided by the present invention, the guide protrusions are arranged in a manner parallel to the axis.

[0011] According to the split-type housing provided by the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed on the main body wall of the housing body, and the heat dissipation holes connect the installation space with the external space.

[0012] According to the split housing provided by the present invention, the heat dissipation through holes are parallel to the axis, and the heat dissipation through holes are arranged on the guide protrusions and between each pair of adjacent guide protrusions.

[0013] According to the split-type housing provided by the present invention, the two ends of the housing body are respectively provided with annular connecting flanges.

[0014] According to the split housing provided by the present invention, a connecting rod mounting seat is constructed on the top of the housing body.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a braking device, including a braking component, the braking component being installed in a housing, the housing being a split-type outer shell as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a rail vehicle including an axle on which the braking device described in the above embodiments is connected.

[0017] According to the above embodiments, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention provides a split-type housing, with the main body of the split housing defining an installation space. This installation space includes guide protrusions, through which braking components can be mounted. The guide protrusions restrict the circumferential freedom of the braking components, ensuring they do not rotate circumferentially. Simultaneously, it allows for the stacking of multiple braking components, meaning the number of components can be increased or decreased according to braking force requirements. This enables a single braking device to meet braking needs, greatly simplifying the structure and significantly reducing the weight of existing braking devices. Furthermore, the detachable split design facilitates easy disassembly of the housing and maintenance of the braking components.

[0019] Another aspect of the present invention provides a braking device that performs braking by assembling braking components on the housing body. Because of the stacked assembly method, the number of braking components can be adjusted according to the braking force requirements, so that only one braking device needs to be installed on a single axle to meet the braking needs, greatly reducing the number of braking devices and thus reducing the weight of the braking mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the split-type outer shell provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is one of the exploded structural diagrams of the split-type outer shell provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the second exploded structural diagram of the split-type outer shell provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] 100: Outer shell body; 101: First shell; 102: Second shell; 103: Dividing part; 103-1: First dividing plate; 103-2: Second dividing plate; 103-3: Connecting hole; 103-4: Bushing; 104: Guide protrusion; 105: Connecting flange; 106: Linkage rod mounting seat; 107: Connecting part; 108: Heat dissipation through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "axial," "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "specific embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0030] With increasing demands for ride comfort and energy efficiency in rail vehicles, the need for lightweight bogies is growing. Traditional basic braking systems are heavy and numerous; each bogie typically has four calipers and four brake discs, weighing nearly 800 kg. This significant weight leads to high energy consumption and high unsprung weight. To address this, this invention provides a novel support housing for braking components, whose structure achieves lightweighting and other objectives.

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1-3 The present invention describes a split housing, which is constructed as a cylindrical cage structure and is suitable for configuration as a housing in a compound braking device. The split housing includes a housing body 100 composed of a first housing 101 and a second housing 102 detachably connected; the housing body 100 defines a mounting space suitable for mounting a plurality of braking components, and a plurality of guide protrusions 104 are axially configured along the inner wall of the mounting space, the guide protrusions 104 being adapted to guide and circumferentially define the mounting of the braking components in the mounting space.

[0032] The first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are constructed as a semi-circular housing structure. The first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are detachably connected to form a cylindrical outer shell body 100. An installation space similar to a channel is formed inside the outer shell body 100, and multiple braking components can be installed in the installation space in a stacked manner. On the inner wall of the installation space, that is, the inner wall of the channel, multiple guide protrusions 104 are constructed along the axial direction. The braking components can be guided into the installation space by the guide protrusions 104, and the circumferential degree of freedom of the braking components can be limited by the guide protrusions 104.

[0033] It is understandable that, in order to cooperate with the guide protrusion 104, a groove is constructed on the braking component that matches the size of the guide protrusion 104. The braking component is a brake disc, that is, a groove is opened around the edge of the brake disc, so that the brake disc has an external tooth structure (not shown in the figure). The brake disc is assembled into the installation space by sliding through the cooperation between the guide protrusion 104 and the groove.

[0034] It is foreseeable that after the guide protrusion 104 mates with the slot, the circumferential freedom of the braking component is restricted, and it is able to bear the circumferential torque transmitted by the braking component during operation. Specifically, a corresponding number of braking components can be set in the same installation space according to the braking force requirements, and multiple braking components are assembled in the installation space in a stacked manner. This allows the present invention to be applied to more flexible application scenarios. Even for scenarios with large braking force requirements, the installation space can be increased by extending the axial extension length of the main body 100 of the outer shell to meet the greater braking force requirements. This further enables the housing of the present invention to adapt to more flexible application scenarios, and the housing structure makes it possible for a single device to provide sufficient braking force, providing a feasible solution for reducing the number of braking devices and reducing the weight of the braking devices. After the braking components are connected, due to the circumferential restriction of the braking component by the guide protrusion 104, the circumferential torque is transmitted to the restricted guide protrusion 104 when the guide component is working, so that the guide protrusion 104 bears the circumferential torque of the braking component.

[0035] The guide protrusion 104 and the outer shell body 100 are constructed in an integral manner, for example, by casting. The integral molding method can provide the guide protrusion 104 with more stable and reliable structural strength, resulting in higher overall structural strength.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, connecting portions 107 are respectively constructed on the outer walls of the first housing 101 and the second housing 102. The connecting portions 107 extend axially, allowing the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 to be detachably connected via the connecting portions 107. Specifically, the connecting portions 107 are arranged axially along the entire first housing 101 and the second housing 102, and have multiple bolt holes. The first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are detachably connected vertically via bolts, which greatly facilitates the disassembly of the braking device. Furthermore, since existing braking devices mostly use annular brake discs, and brake discs require regular maintenance, the existing technology typically involves disassembling the entire brake unit, which undoubtedly makes disassembly very difficult. The detachable structure of this invention solves this problem; by disassembling the housing, the internal brake disc can be maintained, offering significant convenience.

[0037] In specific embodiments, the arrangement of the guide protrusion 104 is not limited. For example, the guide protrusion 104 can be arranged at an angle (not shown in the figure) or it can be arranged in a way that is parallel to the axis L of the outer shell body 100.

[0038] The guide protrusions 104 are installed on the inner wall of the space in a strip-like structure, and their parallel arrangement to the axis L facilitates the machining of the braking components. As described above, when assembling the braking components in the outer shell 100, it is necessary to machine mating grooves for the braking components to guide the assembly and restrict circumferential movement. Obviously, machining the guide protrusions 104 and the grooves parallel to the axis L is simpler and easier to install.

[0039] Furthermore, the edges of the guide protrusion 104 are machined into rounded corners. The rounded corners facilitate the mating with the braking components and allow them to slide into the installation space along the guide protrusion 104, enabling the braking components to be arranged in a stacked manner in the installation space.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the main body wall of the outer shell 100, which is composed of the first shell 101 and the second shell 102, is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes 108. The heat dissipation holes 108 can connect the installation space with the external environment space so as to realize the rapid transfer of heat in the installation space to the external space.

[0041] Specifically, the heat dissipation through hole 108 is constructed as an elongated through hole structure. In the specific opening, the heat dissipation through hole 108 is parallel to the axis L of the outer shell body 100, and the heat dissipation through hole 108 is arranged on the guide protrusion 104 and the main body wall between each two adjacent guide protrusions 104.

[0042] Multiple strip-shaped through-holes 108 make the outer shell 100 have a hollow structure. The hollow structure can provide a larger heat exchange channel for heat dissipation and also contribute to the overall lightweight of the shell. At the same time, it reduces the contact area between the braking components and the inner surface of the outer shell 100, ensuring contact flatness.

[0043] Furthermore, the perforated heat dissipation holes 108 are arranged between two adjacent guide protrusions 104 and on the guide protrusions 104. Specifically, the heat dissipation holes 108 are equidistantly arranged around the main body wall of the outer shell 100, and heat dissipation holes 108 are opened on the guide protrusions 104, and heat dissipation holes 108 are also opened between adjacent guide protrusions 104.

[0044] Multiple heat dissipation holes 108 can be formed between two adjacent guide protrusions 104, or a single heat dissipation hole 108 can be formed. Specifically, if multiple heat dissipation holes 108 are formed between adjacent guide protrusions 104, and the size of each heat dissipation hole 108 is smaller than the size of a single heat dissipation hole 108, then the heat dissipation effect will be reduced. Of course, if higher structural strength is required, multiple smaller heat dissipation holes 108 can be formed between the guide protrusions 104. It is foreseeable that multiple smaller heat dissipation holes 108 will have connecting portions 107 of the outer shell body 100. Multiple connecting portions 107 can make the overall structural strength higher and have a certain heat dissipation capacity.

[0045] Furthermore, since the through hole opened on the guide protrusion 104 needs to take into account the main structure of the guide protrusion 104, the heat dissipation through hole 108 opened on the guide protrusion 104 is located inside the guide protrusion 104. The heat dissipation through hole 108 is smaller than the structure of opening a heat dissipation through hole 108 between two guide protrusions 104.

[0046] In some embodiments, the outer shell body 100, which consists of a first housing 101 and a second housing 102, has annular connecting flanges 105 at both ends. The annular connecting flanges 105 allow for component connection at both ends to achieve a braking effect on the connecting part 107 or to serve as a fixing function for a brake.

[0047] Specifically, the connecting flanges 105 at both ends are arranged around the edge of the outer shell body 100 to form an annular flange. An end cover and a hydraulic actuator can be installed at one end of the outer shell body 100. At the same time, the annular flange can be connected to the axle bushing to form the entire bushing, which is used to bear the weight of the vehicle, providing a feasible solution for a highly integrated structure.

[0048] Furthermore, the connecting flanges 105 at both ends protrude from the outer wall surface of the housing body 100, and multiple reinforcing ribs are connected at the connection position between the connecting flanges 105 and the housing body 100. The reinforcing ribs are used to improve the structural strength of the connecting flanges 105.

[0049] In some embodiments, a dividing section 103 is provided within the housing body 100, which divides the installation space into two independent assembly spaces. The dividing section 103 has a ring-shaped structure, which allows the braking components to be assembled independently in the independent assembly spaces, forming independent braking components on both sides. This ensures that even if the brake disc on one side loses braking force, the braking component on the other side can still provide braking force. Compared to a single braking method, the independent arrangement on both sides improves safety redundancy and provides an effective and reliable solution for safe and stable braking.

[0050] Specifically, a first dividing plate 103-1 is connected to the inner wall of the first housing 101, and a second dividing plate 103-2 is connected to the inner wall of the second housing 102. After the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are connected, the corresponding first dividing plate 103-1 and second dividing plate 103-2 contact and abut each other to achieve the division of the installation space.

[0051] Furthermore, the first dividing plate 103-1 is fixedly connected inside the first housing 101, and the second dividing plate 103-2 is fixedly connected inside the second dividing plate 103-2. The first dividing plate 103-1 is located in the middle of the first housing 101, and the corresponding second dividing plate 103-2 is located in the middle of the second dividing plate 103-2. Both the first dividing plate 103-1 and the second dividing plate 103-2 are semi-circular ring structures. When the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are combined, the first dividing plate 103-1 and the second dividing plate 103-2 form a ring structure.

[0052] Understandably, since the partition 103 divides the installation space into two independent assembly spaces, and the first partition plate 103-1 and the second partition plate 103-2 are respectively connected to the interior of the first housing 101 and the second housing 102, the first partition plate 103-1 and the second partition plate 103-2 isolate the heat dissipation holes 108 on the outer shell body 100, so that the heat dissipation holes 108 are respectively arranged on both sides of the middle partition 103, which can dissipate heat to the two assembly spaces respectively. Correspondingly, the guide protrusions 104 arranged inside the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are also separated by the first partition plate 103-1 and the second partition plate 103-2, so that the braking components in the two assembly spaces do not affect each other and work independently.

[0053] The first partition plate 103-1 and the second partition plate 103-2 can be integrally formed with the outer shell body 100. The integral forming can be achieved by various processes, such as casting, which can provide better stability and reliability for each partition plate and have higher structural strength.

[0054] Multiple connecting holes 103-3 are also machined on the first dividing plate 103-1 and the second dividing plate 103-2 respectively, and the multiple connecting holes 103-3 are evenly arranged around the first dividing plate 103-1 and the second dividing plate 103-2.

[0055] Specifically, a bushing 103-4 is connected in the connecting hole 103-3. The bushing 103-4 protrudes from both sides of the partition plate, which allows for a certain gap when the braking components are assembled on both sides. That is, there is a certain gap between the braking components in the independent spaces on both sides, which allows the braking components on both sides to work independently without affecting each other. The connecting hole 103-3 also makes the partition plate lighter, contributing to the overall lightweight design.

[0056] Furthermore, a connecting rod mounting seat 106 is constructed on the outer shell body 100. The connecting rod mounting seat 106 is located on the top of the outer shell body 100. Specifically, it can be constructed on the first shell 101 or on the second shell 102. The connecting rod mounting seat 106 can be used to install a balance bar to balance traction and braking torque.

[0057] Specifically, the connecting rod mounting base 106 includes a base with a slot on the base and bolt connection holes independently provided on the base on both sides of the slot. The balance bar is connected and installed through the bolt connection holes to achieve the purpose of balancing traction and braking torque.

[0058] Furthermore, the connecting rod mounting base 106 is integrally formed with the housing body 100. There are various ways to form it integrally. For example, the base and the housing body 100 can be integrally formed by casting. Then, the base is processed to form the connecting rod mounting base 106, which can improve the structural strength of the connecting rod mounting base 106.

[0059] It is understandable that the connecting rod mounting base 106 is used to mount the balance bar and needs to bear the force transmission. In order to improve stability and reliability, no heat dissipation holes 108 are opened on both sides of the connecting rod mounting base 106 extending to both ends of the housing body 100. That is, both sides of the connecting rod mounting base 106 are part of the housing body 100. This can make the connecting rod mounting base 106 have stronger structural strength and improve stability and reliability.

[0060] In another aspect, the present invention provides a braking device, including a braking component, which is installed in a housing, wherein the housing is a split-type outer shell as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0061] The braking component uses a disc-shaped brake disc, which is installed in a stacked manner inside the split housing. Furthermore, brake discs are stacked and assembled in the independent assembly spaces on both sides of the split housing, with the number of brake discs on both sides being the same.

[0062] Another aspect of the present invention provides a rail vehicle including an axle, on which a braking device of the above embodiment is connected. The braking device serves as a bushing of the axle and, as part of the axle bushing, improves the integration of the axle.

[0063] Understandably, rail vehicles can be high-speed trains, subways, etc.

[0064] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that in each embodiment, the outer shell body 100, composed of two detachable first shells 101 and second shells 102, facilitates the disassembly of the braking device, making the device more convenient to maintain. Furthermore, the independent assembly spaces on both sides allow for independent braking operations on both sides, improving safety redundancy. Furthermore, the connecting flanges 105 at both ends allow the brake to be mounted on the axle bushings, serving as part of the axle and bearing the vehicle's weight, resulting in a highly integrated structure. Furthermore, only one braking device can be installed per axle, making it possible to increase or decrease the number of braking components according to braking force requirements. The required number of friction pairs can be set through the structure of the outer shell body 100 to meet the required braking force, and the outer shell body 100 has strong expandability depending on the number of discs and the axial length. Furthermore, a connecting rod mounting seat 106 is provided on the top of the outer shell body 100 for installing a balance bar to balance traction and braking torque.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split-type outer shell, characterized in that, It includes an outer shell body consisting of a first shell and a second shell that are detachably connected; The housing body defines an installation space suitable for installing multiple braking components. Multiple guide protrusions are constructed along the axial direction of the inner wall of the installation space. The guide protrusions are adapted to guide the braking components to be installed in the installation space, and the guide protrusions are configured to restrict the circumferential movement of the braking components. The guide protrusions and the housing body are constructed in an integral manner. The braking components are disc-shaped brake discs, which are installed in a stacked manner inside the split housing; brake discs are stacked and assembled in the independent assembly spaces on both sides inside the split housing. The main body of the outer shell has a partition that divides the installation space into two independent assembly spaces. The brake components can be assembled independently in the independent assembly spaces, forming independent brake components on both sides. This ensures that even if the brake disc on one side loses braking force, the brake component on the other side can still provide braking force.

2. The split-type outer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmentation section consists of a first segmentation plate connected to the first housing and a second segmentation plate connected to the second housing.

3. The split-type outer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide protrusions are arranged parallel to the axis.

4. The split-type outer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing has multiple heat dissipation holes that connect the installation space to the external space.

5. The split-type outer shell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat dissipation through hole is parallel to the axis and is arranged on the guide protrusion and between two adjacent guide protrusions.

6. The split-type outer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the outer casing are respectively equipped with annular connecting flanges.

7. The split-type outer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the outer casing has a connecting rod mounting base.

8. A braking device, characterized in that, It includes a braking component, which is installed in a housing, wherein the housing is a split-type outer shell as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, It includes an axle, on which a braking device as described in claim 8 is connected.

Images