Tunnel karst cave reinforcing method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel karst cave reinforcing method and system, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction.The tunnel karst cave reinforcing method comprises the following steps that the position, size and fluid filling degree information of a target karst cave in a to-be-constructed area of a tunnel is obtained; construction is conducted on the periphery of the target karst cave to form a reserved soil platform; drilling construction is conducted on the reserved soil platform to form a mud discharging drill hole and a grouting drill hole which are communicated with the target karst cave; grouting operation is conducted on the target karst cave through the grouting drill hole, and mud discharging operation is conducted on the target karst cave through the mud discharging drill hole; when uniform grouting liquid is discharged from the target karst cave, the grouting operation is stopped; and standing for a target time to solidify the grouting liquid in the target karst cave to form a reinforcing layer. The reserved soil table is arranged on the periphery of the target karst cave, the stability of the area where the target karst cave is located is improved through the reserved soil table while synchronous tunneling construction of the tunnel is guaranteed, the target karst cave is effectively protected, and the construction speed of the tunnel is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel karst cave reinforcement method and system. Background Art

[0002] There are often a large number of tunnel construction areas in the construction of highways, railways, water conservancy projects, etc. Due to the influence of regional climate and groundwater, caves are often formed inside the mountains and underground. When tunnels are constructed in areas with cave development, they may pass through underground caves from different locations, which may easily destroy the integrity of the caves and cause safety risks to the construction process.

[0003] In particular, due to the influence of the filling materials in the cave and the proximity of the cave to the tunnel, when the tunnel is partially excavated into a cave filled with fluid, if it is not handled properly, the fluid filling in the cave may slip at high speed instantly, causing engineering accidents and even endangering the safety of construction workers. In addition, after the fluid slip occurs in the cave, it also affects the safety and stability of the surrounding rock mass around the tunnel, and in severe cases, it may even induce tunnel collapse.

[0004] Therefore, how to reinforce and manage the karst cave with fluid has become a technical problem to be solved urgently. Therefore, the inventors, relying on their experience and practice in related industries for many years, propose a tunnel karst cave reinforcement method and system to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a tunnel karst cave reinforcement method and system for quickly reinforcing and managing karst caves that affect tunnel safety during tunnel construction.

[0006] The above-mentioned object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. An embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel cave reinforcement method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the location, size and fluid filling degree information of the target cave in the area where the tunnel is to be constructed;

[0008] Constructing a reserved soil platform on the periphery of the target cave;

[0009] Drilling the reserved soil platform to form a mud drainage borehole and a grouting borehole connected to the target cave;

[0010] Performing grouting operation on the target cave through the grouting borehole, and performing mud drainage operation on the target cave through the mud drainage borehole;

[0011] When uniform grouting liquid is discharged from the target cave, the grouting operation is stopped;

[0012] The target time is allowed to stand to allow the grouting liquid in the target cave to solidify and form a reinforcement layer.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the location and size information of the target cave in the tunnel to be constructed area specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] The tunnel construction area is detected by geological radar to obtain the location, size and fluid filling degree information of the target cave in the construction area.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction to form a reserved soil platform on the periphery of the target cave specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] Digging and excavating the tunnel in the area to be constructed;

[0017] Construction is performed at a position not less than 10 m in front of the target cave to form the reserved soil platform;

[0018] Among them, the slope of the reserved earth platform is 45°-60°, the net distance from the slope of the reserved earth platform to the target cave is not less than 4m, and the distance of the reserved earth platform beyond the target cave is not less than 10m.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drilling construction of the reserved soil platform to form a mud drainage borehole and a grouting borehole connected to the target cave specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] Drilling the top of the reserved soil platform to form the mud-draining borehole, inserting the inlet of the mud-draining drill pipe into the mud-draining borehole to communicate with the target cave, and placing the outlet of the mud-draining drill pipe at least 0.5 m above the top of the target cave;

[0021] The grouting borehole is formed by drilling at the bottom of the reserved soil platform, and the inlet of the grouting pipe is inserted into the grouting borehole to communicate with the target cave.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the grouting liquid in the cave is solidified to form a reinforcement layer, the following steps are also included:

[0023] Testing the compressive strength of the reinforcement layer;

[0024] When the compressive strength of the reinforcement layer reaches 5MPa, the reserved soil platform is constructed to form a tunnel, and a support structure is constructed for the tunnel.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grouting liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing a cement slurry solution, a sodium silicate solution and a time-dependent additive according to a target ratio.

[0026] The present invention also provides a tunnel cave reinforcement system, comprising:

[0027] A mud discharge assembly, the mud discharge assembly comprising a mud storage container and a mud discharge structure, the mud storage container and the mud discharge structure are connected, and the mud discharge structure can be plugged into a first position of the cave;

[0028] The grouting component includes a grouting container, a conveying device and a grouting structure. The conveying device connects the grouting container and the grouting structure. The grouting structure can be inserted into the second position of the cave. The conveying device can convey the grouting liquid pre-existing in the grouting container to the grouting structure.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the grouting structure is inserted in the second position of the cave, the mud discharge structure is inserted in the first position of the cave, and the height of the second position is lower than that of the first position.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mud discharge structure includes a mud discharge drill pipe and a mud discharge connecting pipe, the mud discharge drill pipe is connected to the mud storage container through the mud discharge connecting pipe, and the mud discharge drill pipe can be inserted into the first position of the cave.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the mud discharge connecting pipe is a flexible pipe body.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mud-draining drill pipes are provided in plurality, and the plurality of mud-draining drill pipes are arranged in parallel and communicated with the mud storage container.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the mud drilling pipe is 100mm-200mm.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grouting structure includes a grouting pipe and a grouting connecting pipe, the grouting pipe is connected to the grouting container through the grouting connecting pipe, the grouting pipe can be inserted into the second position of the cave, and the grouting pipe is provided with a first control valve.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the grouting connecting pipe is a flexible pipe body.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying device includes a grouting pump and a connecting pipe, the inlet of the grouting pump is connected to the grouting container through the connecting pipe, and the outlet of the grouting pump is connected to the grouting connecting pipe.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the grouting pipe is 100mm-200mm.

[0038] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0039] The tunnel karst cave reinforcement method described in the embodiment of the present invention sets a reserved soil platform on the periphery of the target karst cave, while ensuring that the tunnel is excavated synchronously, and also improves the stability of the area where the target karst cave is located through the reserved soil platform, which effectively protects the target karst cave and does not affect the speed of the tunnel excavation construction. By drilling holes on the reserved soil platform, mud discharge holes and grouting holes can be formed, and the grouting liquid can be injected into the target karst cave through the grouting hole, and the fluid in the target karst cave is squeezed by the grouting liquid, so that the fluid in the target karst cave can be discharged through the mud discharge hole, and finally the grouting liquid can fill the entire target karst cave. In addition, by controlling the composition of the grouting liquid, the grouting liquid can complete the final setting within the target time, thereby providing time guarantee for the rapid excavation of the reserved soil platform. When the grouting liquid solidifies in the target karst cave, it plays a role in strengthening the strength of the target karst cave, thereby realizing the rapid reinforcement and governance of the tunnel karst cave. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the figures are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not specifically limited to the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to the teachings of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the tunnel cave reinforcement system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a side cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the tunnel cave reinforcement system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the grouting assembly described in the present invention.

[0045] Reference numerals in the above drawings:

[0046] 100. Rock and soil mass;

[0047] 200, tunnel;

[0048] 300, cave;

[0049] 400. Reserve soil platform;

[0050] 1. Mud discharge assembly; 11. Mud storage container; 12. Mud discharge structure; 121. Mud discharge drill pipe; 122. Mud discharge connecting pipe;

[0051] 2. Grouting assembly; 21. Grouting container; 22. Conveying device; 221. Grouting pump; 222. Connecting pipe; 23. Grouting structure; 231. Grouting pipe; 232. Grouting connecting pipe;

[0052] 3. The first control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Implementation Method 1

[0055] An embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel karst cave reinforcement method, which includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1000: Acquire the location, size and fluid filling degree information of the target cave 300 in the area to be constructed of the tunnel 200;

[0057] Step 2000: constructing a reserved soil platform 400 on the periphery of the target cave 300;

[0058] Step 3000: drilling the reserved soil platform 400 to form a mud drainage borehole and a grouting borehole connected to the target karst cave 300;

[0059] Step 4000: performing grouting operation on the target cave 300 through grouting drilling, and performing mud drainage operation on the target cave 300 through mud drainage drilling;

[0060] Step 5000: When uniform grouting liquid is discharged from the target cave 300, the grouting operation is stopped;

[0061] Step 6000: Allow the grouting liquid in the target cave 300 to solidify and form a reinforcement layer.

[0062] In general, the tunnel karst cave reinforcement method sets a reserved soil platform 400 on the periphery of the target karst cave 300, while ensuring that the tunnel 200 is excavated synchronously, and also improves the stability of the area where the target karst cave 300 is located through the reserved soil platform 400, which effectively protects the target karst cave 300 and does not affect the speed of the forward excavation of the tunnel 200. The karst cave 300 is generally formed in the rock and soil body 100, and the tunnel 200 is also penetrated in the rock and soil body 100 during the construction process.

[0063] By drilling holes in the reserved soil platform 400, mud-draining holes and grouting holes can be quickly formed. Grouting liquid can be injected into the target cave 300 through the grouting holes, and the fluid in the target cave 300 is squeezed by the grouting liquid, so that the fluid in the target cave 300 can be discharged through the mud-draining holes, and finally the grouting liquid can fill the entire target cave 300. In addition, by controlling the composition of the grouting liquid, the grouting liquid can complete the final setting within the target time, thereby providing time guarantee for the rapid excavation of the reserved soil platform 400. When the grouting liquid solidifies in the target cave 300, it plays a role in strengthening the strength of the target cave 300, thereby achieving the rapid reinforcement and governance of the tunnel 200 cave 300.

[0064] The grouting liquid can be prepared by uniformly mixing cement slurry solution, sodium silicate solution and time-varying additives according to a target ratio. Designers can adjust the ingredients and proportions in the grouting liquid according to specific usage needs, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the position and size information of the target cave 300 in the area to be constructed of the tunnel 200 specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1001: Detect the area to be constructed of the tunnel 200 by using geological radar to obtain the location, size and fluid filling degree information of the target cave 300 in the area to be constructed.

[0067] The geological radar can efficiently detect the karst cave 300 in the area to be constructed of the tunnel 200, wherein the karst cave 300 first encountered during the construction of the tunnel 200 can be set as the target karst cave 300. By analyzing the signal obtained by the geological radar, the position, size and fluid filling degree signal of the target karst cave 300 can be obtained, so that the operator can adjust the subsequent construction plan of the reserved soil platform 400 according to the specific situation of the target karst cave 300, with better adjustment flexibility.

[0068] Of course, designers may use other detection equipment to detect the cave 300 in the area to be constructed of the tunnel 200, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, the construction of the reserved soil platform 400 on the periphery of the target cave 300 specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 2001: excavating the tunnel 200 in the construction area;

[0071] Step 2002: constructing a reserved soil platform 400 at a position not less than 10 m in front of the target cave 300;

[0072] The slope of the reserved earth platform 400 is between 45° and 60°, the net distance from the slope of the reserved earth platform 400 to the target cave 300 is not less than 4m, and the distance of the reserved earth platform 400 beyond the target cave 300 is not less than 10m.

[0073] By setting a reserved soil platform 400 on the periphery of the karst cave 300, the reserved soil platform 400 can ensure the integrity of the karst cave 300 and prevent leakage of the fluid in the karst cave 300. In addition, by adjusting the specific size of the reserved soil platform 400, it is convenient to reserve sufficient safety strength according to the specific conditions of the karst cave 300, thereby significantly improving the safety during the construction process.

[0074] The designer can adjust the specific size and structure of the reserved soil platform 400 according to the construction needs, and no specific numerical value is limited here. Preferably, when the karst cave 300 is larger, the size of the reserved soil platform 400 is also set larger to better ensure the integrity of the karst cave 300.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the slope of the reserved soil platform 400 is parallel to the axis of the tunnel 200 and is placed right in front of the cave 300. By setting the slope on the reserved soil platform 400, the reserved soil platform 400 can be formed into a cone shape with a small top and a large bottom, so that the reserved soil platform 400 can also generate anti-slip force by its own weight, and has better structural stability.

[0076] Of course, in other embodiments, designers can adjust the specific structure of the reserved soil platform 400 according to construction needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, drilling the reserved soil platform 400 to form a mud-draining borehole and a grouting borehole connected to the target karst cave 300 specifically includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 3001: drilling a mud-draining borehole on the top of the reserved soil platform 400, inserting the inlet of the mud-draining drill pipe 121 into the mud-draining borehole to connect with the target cave 300, and placing the outlet of the mud-draining drill pipe 121 at least 0.5 m above the top of the target cave 300;

[0079] Step 302: drilling construction is performed at the bottom of the reserved soil platform 400 to form a grouting borehole, and the inlet of the grouting pipe 231 is inserted into the grouting borehole to connect to the target cave 300.

[0080] Through drilling construction, a mud drainage borehole can be quickly formed on the top of the reserved soil platform 400, so that it is convenient to insert the mud drainage drill pipe 121 into the cave 300 through the mud drainage borehole to perform mud drainage operations. In addition, the outlet of the mud drainage drill pipe 121 is arranged to be inclined upward, so as to prevent large particles of impurities in the fluid from entering the mud drainage drill pipe 121 and blocking the mud drainage drill pipe 121.

[0081] In order to improve the mud discharge efficiency of the cave 300, multiple mud discharge holes can be drilled on the reserved soil platform 400, so that multiple mud discharge drill pipes 121 can be connected to the cave 300. Through multiple mud discharge drill pipes 121, the fluid in the cave 300 can be discharged in a coordinated manner, which has a better mud discharge effect. In addition, by setting up multiple mud discharge pipes, a backup function is also played to avoid the problem of mud discharge failure caused by blockage of some of the mud discharge pipes. Among them, the mud discharge drill pipe 121 can be connected to the mud storage container 11 to collect the fluid discharged from the cave 300.

[0082] Furthermore, a grouting borehole can be formed at the bottom of the reserved soil platform 400 through the drilling construction, so that the grouting pipe 231 can be inserted into the cave 300 through the grouting borehole to perform grouting operation. When the grouting pipe 231 is used to grout the cave 300, the grouting liquid will squeeze the fluid in the cave 300 from the bottom of the cave 300, so that the fluid in the cave 300 gradually flows out along the mud discharge drill pipe 121, which has a better mud discharge effect. Among them, the grouting pipe 231 can be connected to the grouting container 21 through the conveying device 22, and the configured grouting liquid can be pre-stored through the grouting container 21, and the grouting liquid can be input into the grouting pipe 231 through the conveying device 22 for grouting operation.

[0083] By coordinating the mud drainage drilling holes and the grouting drilling holes, only one conveying device 22 is required. The grouting and mud drainage operations can be completed by conveying the grouting liquid to the grouting pipe 231 through the conveying device 22, which has more efficient construction efficiency and significantly reduces construction costs.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, after the grouting liquid in the cave 300 is solidified to form a reinforcement layer, the following steps are also included:

[0085] Step 7000: Detecting the compressive strength of the reinforcement layer;

[0086] Step 8000: When the compressive strength of the reinforcement layer reaches 5 MPa, the reserved soil platform 400 is constructed to form the tunnel 200, and the support structure of the tunnel 200 is constructed.

[0087] The designer can determine the specific structure of the support structure according to the construction needs, and no specific restrictions are made here. The support structure can play a role in reinforcing the reinforced karst cave 300 area, significantly improving the structural stability of the area where the karst cave 300 is located.

[0088] Of course, designers can adjust the compressive strength according to the specific type of grouting fluid, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0089] Implementation Method 2

[0090] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a tunnel cave reinforcement system, which includes a mud discharge component 1 and a grouting component 2, wherein the mud discharge component 1 includes a mud storage container 11 and a mud discharge structure 12, the mud storage container 11 and the mud discharge structure 12 are connected, and the mud discharge structure 12 can be plugged into a first position of the cave 300; the grouting component 2 includes a grouting container 21, a conveying device 22 and a grouting structure 23, the conveying device 22 connects the grouting container 21 and the grouting structure 23, the grouting structure 23 can be plugged into a second position of the cave 300, and the conveying device 22 can convey the grouting liquid pre-existing in the grouting container 21 to the grouting structure 23.

[0091] On the whole, the tunnel cave reinforcement system inserts the mud discharge structure 12 at the first position of the cave 300, and the mud discharge structure 12 can divert the fluid in the cave 300, so that the fluid discharged from the cave 300 flows into the mud storage container 11 for collection. In addition, by inserting the grouting structure 23 at the second position of the cave 300, the grouting liquid pre-stored in the grouting container 21 can be input into the grouting structure 23 through the conveying device 22, and the grouting liquid is discharged into the cave 300 by the grouting structure 23. The fluid in the cave 300 is squeezed by the grouting liquid, so that the fluid in the cave 300 can enter the mud storage container 11 along the mud discharge structure 12. The present invention can simultaneously complete the grouting and mud discharge operations through the conveying device 22, has a more efficient construction efficiency, and significantly reduces the construction cost.

[0092] In a specific embodiment, the tunnel cave reinforcement system of the present invention can be used to implement the method in implementation mode one.

[0093] Of course, in other embodiments, designers can adjust the usage of the tunnel cave reinforcement system according to usage requirements, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0094] Further, in order to facilitate the movement of the mud storage container 11 and the grouting container 21, a traveling wheel set can be provided on the mud storage container 11 and the grouting container 21. The designer can determine the specific structure of the traveling wheel set according to the use requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the grouting structure 23 is inserted in the second position of the cave 300, the mud discharge structure 12 is inserted in the first position of the cave 300, and the height of the second position is lower than that of the first position.

[0096] In a specific embodiment, the first position is the top position of the cave 300, and the second position is the bottom position of the cave 300. When grouting is performed to the bottom of the cave 300 by using the grouting structure 23, the grouting liquid squeezes the fluid in the cave 300 from the bottom of the cave 300, so that the fluid in the cave 300 gradually flows out along the mud discharge structure 12 located at the top of the cave 300, which has a better mud discharge effect.

[0097] Of course, designers can also adjust the first position and the second position according to the needs of grouting and mud discharge, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present invention, the mud discharge structure 12 includes a mud discharge drill pipe 121 and a mud discharge connecting pipe 122. The mud discharge drill pipe 121 is connected to the mud storage container 11 through the mud discharge connecting pipe 122. The mud discharge drill pipe 121 can be inserted into the first position of the cave 300. By using the mud discharge connecting pipe 122 as a transition, it is convenient to connect the mud discharge drill pipe 121 and the mud storage container 11, which has better installation convenience.

[0099] In an embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the mud discharge connecting pipe 122 is a flexible pipe.

[0100] In a specific embodiment, the mud discharge connecting pipes 122 are all configured as flexible pipe bodies. The flexible mud discharge connecting pipes 122 can freely adjust their positions according to site conditions, so that the mud discharge drill pipe 121 and the mud storage container 11 can be connected more conveniently.

[0101] In another specific embodiment, the mud discharge connection pipe 122 may be composed of a flexible pipe body and a rigid pipe body. Designers may adjust the specific structure of the mud discharge connection pipe 122 according to usage requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0102] Of course, in other embodiments, the mud discharge connecting pipe 122 may also be configured as a rigid pipe body, which is not specifically limited herein.

[0103] Further, a plurality of mud discharge drill pipes 121 are provided, and the plurality of mud discharge drill pipes 121 are arranged in parallel and communicated with the mud storage container 11. The plurality of mud discharge drill pipes 121 can cooperatively discharge the fluid in the cave 300, and have a better mud discharge effect.

[0104] Furthermore, multiple mud-draining drill pipes 121 are provided to provide a backup function, thereby preventing mud-draining failure caused by clogging of some of the mud-draining drill pipes 121. The number of mud-draining drill pipes 121 provided can be adjusted by the designer according to the use requirements, and no specific numerical value is imposed here.

[0105] By adjusting the diameter of the mud-draining drill pipe 121 , the mud-draining drill pipe 121 can have a good ability to guide the fluid and prevent the mud-draining drill pipe 121 from being blocked by particulate impurities in the fluid.

[0106] In the embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the mud drilling pipe 121 is 100 mm-200 mm. By making the diameter of the mud drilling pipe 121 between 100 mm and 200 mm, the diameter of the mud drilling pipe 121 can meet the transportation needs of the fluid in most of the caves 300 and avoid being blocked by particulate impurities in the fluid.

[0107] Of course, designers can adjust the specific size of the mud drilling pipe 121 according to usage requirements, and no specific numerical value is limited here.

[0108] In an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the grouting structure 23 includes a grouting pipe 231 and a grouting connecting pipe 232. The grouting pipe 231 is connected to the grouting container 21 through the grouting connecting pipe 232. The grouting pipe 231 can be plugged into the second position of the cave 300. The grouting pipe 231 is provided with a first control valve 3. By using the grouting connecting pipe 232 as a transition, it is convenient to connect the grouting pipe 231 and the grouting container 21, which has better installation convenience.

[0109] In an embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the grouting connection pipe 232 is a flexible pipe body.

[0110] In a specific embodiment, the grouting connection pipes 232 are all configured as flexible pipe bodies. The flexible grouting connection pipes 232 can freely adjust their positions according to site conditions, thereby being able to more conveniently connect the grouting pipe 231 and the grouting container 21 .

[0111] In another specific embodiment, the grouting connection pipe 232 may be composed of a flexible pipe body and a rigid pipe body. The designer may adjust the specific structure of the grouting connection pipe 232 according to the use requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0112] Of course, in other embodiments, the grouting connecting pipe 232 may also be configured as a rigid pipe body, which is not specifically limited herein.

[0113] Furthermore, the conveying device 22 includes a grouting pump 221 and a connecting pipe 222 , the inlet of the grouting pump 221 is connected to the grouting container 21 through the connecting pipe 222 , and the outlet of the grouting pump 221 is connected to the grouting connecting pipe 232 .

[0114] The grouting liquid in the grouting container 21 can be pumped to the grouting pipe 231 through the grouting pump 221, and the grouting liquid is injected into the cave 300 through the grouting pipe 231, so that the fluid in the cave 300 can be squeezed out by the grouting liquid. The designer can select the specific model of the grouting pump 221 according to the use requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0115] By adjusting the diameter of the grouting pipe 231, the grouting pipe 231 has a good ability to guide the grouting liquid, and the pumping efficiency of the grouting liquid is improved. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the grouting pipe 231 is 100mm-200mm. By making the diameter of the grouting pipe 231 between 100mm and 200mm, the diameter of the grouting pipe 231 can meet the pumping requirements of the grouting liquid, thereby improving the efficiency of injecting the grouting liquid into the cave 300 and saving construction time.

[0116] Of course, designers can adjust the specific size of the grouting pipe 231 according to usage requirements, and no specific numerical limit is imposed here.

[0117] All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term "consisting essentially of ... " describing a combination should include determined elements, ingredients, parts or steps and other elements, ingredients, parts or steps that do not substantially affect the basic novel features of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe the combination of elements, ingredients, parts or steps here also contemplates the implementation method consisting essentially of these elements, ingredients, parts or steps. Here, by using the term "may", it is intended to illustrate that any attribute described that "may" includes is optional. Multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step can be divided into separate multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps. The disclosure "one" or "one" used to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not said to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

[0118] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. The purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel cave reinforcement method, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtain the location, size and fluid filling degree information of the target cave in the area where the tunnel is to be constructed; Constructing a reserved soil platform on the periphery of the target cave; Drilling the reserved soil platform to form a mud drainage borehole and a grouting borehole connected to the target cave; Performing grouting operation on the target cave through the grouting borehole, and performing mud drainage operation on the target cave through the mud drainage borehole; When uniform grouting liquid is discharged from the target cave, the grouting operation is stopped; The target time is allowed to stand to allow the grouting liquid in the target cave to solidify and form a reinforcement layer.

2. The tunnel cave reinforcement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the location and size information of the target cave in the tunnel to be constructed area specifically includes the following steps: The tunnel construction area is detected by geological radar to obtain the location, size and fluid filling degree information of the target cave in the construction area.

3. The tunnel cave reinforcement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction to form a reserved soil platform on the periphery of the target cave specifically includes the following steps: Digging and excavating the tunnel in the area to be constructed; Construction is performed at a position not less than 10 m in front of the target cave to form the reserved soil platform; Among them, the slope of the reserved earth platform is 45°-60°, the net distance from the slope of the reserved earth platform to the target cave is not less than 4m, and the distance of the reserved earth platform beyond the target cave is not less than 10m.

4. The tunnel cave reinforcement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling construction of the reserved soil platform to form a mud drainage borehole and a grouting borehole connected to the target cave specifically includes the following steps: Drilling the top of the reserved soil platform to form the mud-draining borehole, inserting the inlet of the mud-draining drill pipe into the mud-draining borehole to communicate with the target cave, and placing the outlet of the mud-draining drill pipe at least 0.5 m above the top of the target cave; The grouting borehole is formed by drilling at the bottom of the reserved soil platform, and the inlet of the grouting pipe is inserted into the grouting borehole to communicate with the target cave.

5. The tunnel cave reinforcement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the grouting liquid in the cave is solidified to form a reinforcement layer, the method further includes the following steps: Testing the compressive strength of the reinforcement layer; When the compressive strength of the reinforcement layer reaches 5MPa, the reserved soil platform is constructed to form a tunnel, and a support structure is constructed for the tunnel.

6. A tunnel cave reinforcement system, characterized in that: include: A mud discharge assembly, the mud discharge assembly comprising a mud storage container and a mud discharge structure, the mud storage container and the mud discharge structure are connected, and the mud discharge structure can be plugged into a first position of the cave; The grouting component includes a grouting container, a conveying device and a grouting structure. The conveying device connects the grouting container and the grouting structure. The grouting structure can be inserted into the second position of the cave. The conveying device can convey the grouting liquid pre-existing in the grouting container to the grouting structure.

7. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the grouting structure is inserted in the second position of the cave, the mud discharge structure is inserted in the first position of the cave, and the height of the second position is lower than that of the first position.

8. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mud discharge structure comprises a mud discharge drill pipe and a mud discharge connecting pipe. The mud discharge drill pipe is connected to the mud storage container through the mud discharge connecting pipe. The mud discharge drill pipe can be inserted into the first position of the karst cave.

9. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least part of the mud discharge connecting pipe is a flexible pipe body.

10. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mud-draining drill pipes are provided in plurality, and the plurality of mud-draining drill pipes are arranged in parallel and communicated with the mud storage container.

11. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the mud drilling pipe is 100mm-200mm.

12. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grouting structure comprises a grouting pipe and a grouting connecting pipe. The grouting pipe is connected to the grouting container through the grouting connecting pipe. The grouting pipe can be plugged into the second position of the cave. A first control valve is provided on the grouting pipe.

13. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 12, characterized in that: At least part of the grouting connecting pipe is a flexible pipe body.

14. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises a grouting pump and a connecting pipe, the inlet of the grouting pump is connected with the grouting container through the connecting pipe, and the outlet of the grouting pump is connected with the grouting connecting pipe.

15. The tunnel cave reinforcement system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The diameter of the grouting pipe is 100mm-200mm.

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