Reusable multi-stage energy absorption device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy absorption devices, and particularly relates to a reusable multi-stage energy absorption device. When the lander is landed and is subjected to external force, the first-stage energy absorption structure is firstly stressed to absorb energy, when the first-stage energy absorption structure reaches the limit, the second-stage energy absorption structure deforms to absorb energy, and when the second-stage energy absorption structure reaches the limit, the third-stage energy absorption structure deforms to absorb energy; and after the lander completes energy absorption landing, the third-stage energy absorption structure and the second-stage energy absorption structure are restored to the initial state through the third reset structure and the second reset structure correspondingly. Multi-stage energy absorption can be achieved, the better energy absorption effect is achieved, the landing requirement of the lander under the complex landing working condition is met, repeated use can be achieved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energy absorbing devices, and in particular relates to a reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the landing buffering energy absorption device of underwater submersibles usually adopts a single elastic energy dissipation or plastic energy dissipation method. Elastic energy dissipation usually uses elastic energy absorption units with recovery such as rubber and springs. Its load curve is a nonlinear parabola and can rebound after unloading. It mainly absorbs energy by converting impact energy into friction heat energy, but the energy absorption is small and the compression rate is limited. It is usually suitable for low-energy impact occasions. Plastic energy dissipation often uses irreversible plastic energy absorption units such as honeycomb structures or crush tubes. It has a strong load-bearing capacity and high compression rate. It absorbs energy through plastic deformation of metal. It absorbs large energy but cannot be reused.

[0003] Therefore, the existing landing cushioning and energy absorption device not only fails to meet the requirements of underwater submersibles under complex landing conditions, but also cannot be reused, which greatly increases the production cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device, comprising:

[0007] Primary energy absorbing structure;

[0008] A secondary energy absorbing structure is coaxially arranged below the primary energy absorbing structure, wherein a second restoring structure for restoring the secondary energy absorbing structure is arranged in the secondary energy absorbing structure;

[0009] The third-level energy absorbing structure is coaxially arranged above the first-level energy absorbing structure, and a third reset structure for restoring the third-level energy absorbing structure is arranged inside the third-level energy absorbing structure.

[0010] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, the first-stage energy absorbing structure comprises:

[0011] A guide sleeve support, wherein a first guide sleeve and a second guide sleeve are coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide sleeve support, the second guide sleeve is arranged outside the first guide sleeve, and a distance is left between the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve;

[0012] A guide column support, with a guide ring fixedly connected to the top circumferentially, the guide column support and the guide ring are coaxially arranged, and the guide ring is slidably connected in the second guide sleeve;

[0013] A spring is sleeved on the outer side of the first guide sleeve, and two ends of the spring are respectively in contact with the guide sleeve support and the guide column support.

[0014] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, the secondary energy absorbing structure comprises:

[0015] An intermediate guide post is coaxially arranged with the first guide sleeve, the top end of the intermediate guide post passes through the guide post support and is slidably connected in the first guide sleeve, and the bottom end of the intermediate guide post is coaxially fixedly connected with a guide post base;

[0016] The shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure is arranged between the guide post base and the guide post support and is respectively abutted against the guide post base and the guide post support. The shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure is slidably connected to the middle guide post.

[0017] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, the second reset structure comprises:

[0018] A secondary energy absorbing layer heating tube is arranged in the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure, and the secondary energy absorbing layer heating tube is spirally wound from top to bottom;

[0019] The secondary energy absorption layer electrode is fixedly connected to the guide column support, and the secondary energy absorption layer electrode is electrically connected to the secondary energy absorption layer heating tube.

[0020] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, the three-stage energy absorbing structure comprises:

[0021] An end cover, coaxially arranged above the guide sleeve support;

[0022] The shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure is arranged between the end cover and the guide sleeve support and is respectively in contact with the end cover and the guide sleeve support.

[0023] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, the third reset structure comprises:

[0024] A three-stage energy absorption layer heating tube is arranged in the three-period minimal surface structure of the shape memory alloy, and the three-stage energy absorption layer heating tube is spirally arranged from top to bottom;

[0025] The third-level energy absorption layer electrode is fixedly connected to the end cover, and the third-level energy absorption layer electrode is electrically connected to the third-level energy absorption layer heating tube.

[0026] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, a three-stage energy absorbing layer bellows is coaxially arranged between the end cover and the guide sleeve support, the three-stage energy absorbing layer bellows is located outside the three-stage energy absorbing layer bellows, and the three-stage energy absorbing layer bellows is filled with magnetic fluid;

[0027] An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the end cover, the top of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure abuts against the electromagnet, a coil is circumferentially wound around the outer edge of the electromagnet, the coil is electrically connected to the coil electrode, and the coil electrode is fixed to the end cover.

[0028] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, a primary energy absorbing layer bellows is circumferentially fixedly connected between the guide sleeve support and the guide column support, and the primary energy absorbing layer bellows is arranged on the outside of the second guide sleeve.

[0029] In the reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device of the present invention, a secondary energy absorbing layer bellows is fixedly connected between the guide column support and the guide column base, and the secondary energy absorbing layer bellows is arranged on the outside of the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0031] When the lander is subjected to external force during landing, the primary energy absorption structure is first subjected to force to absorb energy. When the primary energy absorption structure reaches its limit, the secondary energy absorption structure deforms to absorb energy. When the secondary energy absorption structure reaches its limit, the tertiary energy absorption structure deforms to absorb energy. After the lander completes the energy absorption landing, the tertiary energy absorption structure and the secondary energy absorption structure are restored to their initial states through the third reset structure and the second reset structure respectively.

[0032] The present invention can realize multi-stage energy absorption and achieve better energy absorption effect, thereby meeting the landing requirements of the lander under complex landing conditions, and can be reused, thereby reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-periodic minimal surface structure of a shape memory alloy in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the negative Poisson's ratio structure of the shape memory alloy in the present invention;

[0037] Among them, 10, primary energy absorption layer bellows; 20, secondary energy absorption layer bellows; 30, tertiary energy absorption layer bellows; 40, intermediate guide column; 11, primary energy absorption structure; 21, secondary energy absorption structure; 31, tertiary energy absorption structure; 111, guide sleeve support; 112, spring; 113, guide column support; 211, secondary energy absorption layer electrode; 212, secondary energy absorption layer heating tube; 213, shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure; 311, coil electrode; 312, tertiary energy absorption layer electrode; 313, end cover; 314, electromagnet; 315, coil; 316, magnetic fluid; 317, shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure; 318, tertiary energy absorption layer heating tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The present invention discloses a reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device, comprising:

[0041] Primary energy absorbing structure 11;

[0042] The secondary energy absorbing structure 21 is coaxially arranged below the primary energy absorbing structure 11, and a second restoring structure for restoring the secondary energy absorbing structure 21 is arranged in the secondary energy absorbing structure 21;

[0043] The tertiary energy absorbing structure 31 is coaxially arranged above the primary energy absorbing structure 11 , and a third restoring structure for restoring the tertiary energy absorbing structure 31 is arranged inside the tertiary energy absorbing structure 31 .

[0044] When the lander is subjected to external force during landing, the primary energy absorbing structure 11 is first subjected to force to absorb energy. When the primary energy absorbing structure 11 reaches its limit, the secondary energy absorbing structure 21 deforms to absorb energy. When the secondary energy absorbing structure 21 reaches its limit, the tertiary energy absorbing structure 31 deforms to absorb energy. After the lander completes the energy absorption landing, the tertiary energy absorbing structure 31 and the secondary energy absorbing structure 21 are restored to their initial states through the third reset structure and the second reset structure respectively.

[0045] The present invention can realize multi-stage energy absorption and achieve better energy absorption effect, thereby meeting the landing requirements of the lander under complex landing conditions, and can be reused, thereby reducing production costs.

[0046] In a feasible solution, the primary energy absorbing structure 11 includes:

[0047] A guide sleeve support 111, a first guide sleeve and a second guide sleeve are coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide sleeve support 111, the second guide sleeve is arranged outside the first guide sleeve, and a distance is left between the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve;

[0048] The guide post support 113 has a guide ring fixedly connected to the top circumferentially, the guide post support 113 and the guide ring are coaxially arranged, and the guide ring is slidably connected in the second guide sleeve;

[0049] The spring 112 is sleeved on the outside of the first guide sleeve, and two ends of the spring 112 are respectively in contact with the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide column support 113 .

[0050] When the lander lands, the guide ring slides in the second guide sleeve, the distance between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide column support 113 decreases, and the spring 112 between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide column support 113 is first compressed to absorb energy, and a buffering energy absorption is performed;

[0051] The guide ring cooperates with the second guide sleeve to play a guiding and limiting role, so as to prevent the spring 112 from being compressed too much and unable to recover;

[0052] In a feasible solution, the secondary energy absorbing structure 21 includes:

[0053] The middle guide post 40 is coaxially arranged with the first guide sleeve. The top end of the middle guide post 40 passes through the guide post support 113 and is slidably connected in the first guide sleeve. The bottom end of the middle guide post 40 is coaxially fixed with the guide post base.

[0054] The shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 is disposed between the guide post base and the guide post support 113 and abuts against the guide post base and the guide post support 113 respectively. The shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 is slidably connected to the middle guide post 40 .

[0055] When the distance between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide post support 113 is reduced to the limit, the secondary energy absorption structure 21 starts to work, the distance between the guide post base and the guide post support 113 is reduced, and the intermediate guide post 40 slides in the first guide sleeve, so that the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 is deformed to achieve secondary energy absorption;

[0056] The middle guide post 40 and the first guide sleeve play a role of limiting and guiding, so as to prevent the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 from being deformed too much and unable to recover.

[0057] In a feasible solution, the second reset structure includes:

[0058] The secondary energy absorption layer heating tube 212 is arranged in the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213, and the secondary energy absorption layer heating tube 212 is spirally wound from top to bottom;

[0059] The secondary energy absorption layer electrode 211 is fixedly connected to the guide pillar support 113 , and the secondary energy absorption layer electrode 211 is electrically connected to the secondary energy absorption layer heating tube 212 .

[0060] The secondary energy absorbing layer electrode 211 energizes the secondary energy absorbing layer heating tube 212, and the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 is heated to restore to its initial shape;

[0061] In a feasible solution, the three-level energy absorbing structure 31 includes:

[0062] The end cover 313 is coaxially arranged above the guide sleeve support 111;

[0063] The shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317 is disposed between the end cover 313 and the guide sleeve support 111 and abuts against the end cover 313 and the guide sleeve support 111 respectively.

[0064] When the distance between the guide column base and the guide column support 113 is reduced to the limit, the distance between the end cover 313 and the guide sleeve support 111 is reduced, and at this time, the coil electrode 311 energizes the coil 315, and the electromagnet 314 generates magnetism, and then the electromagnet 314 drives the magnetic fluid 316 to move. The magnetic fluid 316 is filled in the internal gap structure of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317. The magnetic fluid 316 flows in the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317, absorbs external energy through the internal friction and flow resistance of the magnetic fluid 316, and absorbs energy through the deformation of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317, thereby achieving the third energy absorption.

[0065] In a feasible solution, the third reset structure includes:

[0066] The three-stage energy absorption layer heating tube 318 is arranged in the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317, and the three-stage energy absorption layer heating tube 318 is spirally arranged from top to bottom;

[0067] The third energy absorption layer electrode 312 is fixedly connected to the end cover 313 , and the third energy absorption layer electrode 312 is electrically connected to the third energy absorption layer heating tube 318 .

[0068] The third-level energy absorption layer electrode 312 energizes the third-level energy absorption layer heating tube 318, and the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317 is heated to restore to the initial shape;

[0069] In a feasible solution, a three-level energy absorbing layer bellows 30 is coaxially disposed between the end cover 313 and the guide sleeve support 111, the three-level energy absorbing layer bellows 30 is located outside the three-level energy absorbing layer bellows 30, and the three-level energy absorbing layer bellows 30 is filled with magnetic fluid 316;

[0070] An electromagnet 314 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the end cover 313 , and the top of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317 abuts against the electromagnet 314 . A coil 315 is circumferentially wound around the outer edge of the electromagnet 314 . The coil 315 is electrically connected to the coil electrode 311 , and the coil electrode 311 is fixedly connected to the end cover 313 .

[0071] The primary energy absorbing structure 11 , the secondary energy absorbing structure 21 and the tertiary energy absorbing structure 31 are protected by the primary energy absorbing layer bellows 10 , the secondary energy absorbing layer bellows 20 and the tertiary energy absorbing layer bellows 30 .

[0072] In a feasible solution, a primary energy absorbing layer bellows 10 is circumferentially fixedly connected between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide column support 113 , and the primary energy absorbing layer bellows 10 is arranged on the outside of the second guide sleeve.

[0073] In a feasible solution, a secondary energy absorbing layer bellows 20 is fixedly connected between the guide column support 113 and the guide column base, and the secondary energy absorbing layer bellows 20 is arranged on the outside of the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 .

[0074] Specific working process:

[0075] When the lander lands, the guide ring slides in the second guide sleeve, the distance between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide column support 113 decreases, and the spring 112 between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide column support 113 is first compressed to absorb energy, and a buffering energy absorption is performed;

[0076] When the distance between the guide sleeve support 111 and the guide post support 113 is reduced to the limit, the secondary energy absorption structure 21 starts to work, the distance between the guide post base and the guide post support 113 is reduced, and the intermediate guide post 40 slides in the first guide sleeve, so that the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 is deformed to achieve secondary energy absorption;

[0077] When the distance between the guide column base and the guide column support 113 is reduced to the limit, the distance between the end cover 313 and the guide sleeve support 111 is reduced, and at this time, the coil electrode 311 energizes the coil 315, and the electromagnet 314 generates magnetism, and then the electromagnet 314 drives the magnetic fluid 316 to move. The magnetic fluid 316 is filled in the internal gap structure of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317. The magnetic fluid 316 flows in the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317, absorbs external energy through the internal friction and flow resistance of the magnetic fluid 316, and absorbs energy through the deformation of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317, thereby achieving the third energy absorption.

[0078] After the lander completes the energy absorption landing, the tertiary energy absorption layer electrode 312 energizes the tertiary energy absorption layer heating tube 318, and the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure 317 is heated and restored to its initial shape. The secondary energy absorption layer electrode 211 energizes the secondary energy absorption layer heating tube 212, and the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure 213 is heated and restored to its initial shape.

[0079] Among them, the first-level energy absorption layer bellows 10, the second-level energy absorption layer bellows 20 and the third-level energy absorption layer bellows 30 not only have good flexibility and scalability, but also can effectively disperse and relieve external pressure. In the extremely high-pressure environment of the deep sea, the corrugated structure can absorb and disperse the pressure, ensuring the safe operation of the bellows and its internal equipment;

[0080] The primary energy absorbing layer bellows 10, the secondary energy absorbing layer bellows 20 and the tertiary energy absorbing layer bellows 30 can flexibly adapt to the complex terrain and pressure changes in the deep sea environment. When the lander lands, the primary energy absorbing layer bellows 10, the secondary energy absorbing layer bellows 20 and the tertiary energy absorbing layer bellows 30 can expand and contract within a certain range to cope with the pressure fluctuations in the deep sea. The corrugated structure can disperse the external pressure to the entire pipeline, reducing the risk of excessive local pressure.

[0081] The primary energy absorbing layer bellows 10, the secondary energy absorbing layer bellows 20 and the tertiary energy absorbing layer bellows 30 all adopt a multi-layer structure, including at least a corrugated layer of alloy material, and the outer side of the corrugated layer is coated with a woven layer to enhance the compression resistance of the bellows.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0083] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device, characterized in that: include: A primary energy absorbing structure (11); A secondary energy absorbing structure (21) is coaxially arranged below the primary energy absorbing structure (11), wherein a second restoring structure for restoring the secondary energy absorbing structure (21) is arranged in the secondary energy absorbing structure (21); The third-level energy absorption structure (31) is coaxially arranged above the first-level energy absorption structure (11), and a third reset structure for restoring the third-level energy absorption structure (31) is arranged inside the third-level energy absorption structure (31).

2. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary energy absorbing structure (11) comprises: A guide sleeve support (111), wherein a first guide sleeve and a second guide sleeve are coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the guide sleeve support (111), wherein the second guide sleeve is arranged outside the first guide sleeve, and a distance is left between the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve; A guide column support (113), the top end of which is circumferentially fixedly connected with a guide ring, the guide column support (113) and the guide ring are coaxially arranged, and the guide ring is slidably connected in the second guide sleeve; The spring (112) is sleeved on the outside of the first guide sleeve, and two ends of the spring (112) are respectively in contact with the guide sleeve support (111) and the guide column support (113).

3. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary energy absorbing structure (21) comprises: An intermediate guide post (40) is coaxially arranged with the first guide sleeve, the top end of the intermediate guide post (40) passes through the guide post support (113) and is slidably connected in the first guide sleeve, and the bottom end of the intermediate guide post (40) is coaxially fixedly connected with a guide post base; The shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure (213) is arranged between the guide post base and the guide post support (113) and is respectively in contact with the guide post base and the guide post support (113); the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure (213) is slidably connected to the intermediate guide post (40).

4. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second reset structure comprises: A secondary energy absorption layer heating tube (212) is arranged in the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure (213), and the secondary energy absorption layer heating tube (212) is spirally wound from top to bottom; The secondary energy absorption layer electrode (211) is fixedly connected to the guide column support (113), and the secondary energy absorption layer electrode (211) is electrically connected to the secondary energy absorption layer heating tube (212).

5. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-stage energy absorption structure (31) comprises: An end cover (313) is coaxially arranged above the guide sleeve support (111); The shape memory alloy three-period minimal curved surface structure (317) is arranged between the end cover (313) and the guide sleeve support (111) and is respectively in contact with the end cover (313) and the guide sleeve support (111).

6. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third reset structure comprises: A three-stage energy absorption layer heating tube (318) is arranged in the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure (317), and the three-stage energy absorption layer heating tube (318) is spirally arranged from top to bottom; The third-level energy absorption layer electrode (312) is fixedly connected to the end cover (313), and the third-level energy absorption layer electrode (312) is electrically connected to the third-level energy absorption layer heating tube (318).

7. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A three-stage energy absorption layer bellows (30) is coaxially disposed between the end cover (313) and the guide sleeve support (111), the three-stage energy absorption layer bellows (30) is located outside the three-stage energy absorption layer bellows (30), and the three-stage energy absorption layer bellows (30) is filled with magnetic fluid (316); An electromagnet (314) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the end cover (313), the top of the shape memory alloy three-period minimal surface structure (317) is in contact with the electromagnet (314), a coil (315) is circumferentially wound around the outer edge of the electromagnet (314), the coil (315) is electrically connected to a coil electrode (311), and the coil electrode (311) is fixedly connected to the end cover (313).

8. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A primary energy absorbing layer bellows (10) is circumferentially fixedly connected between the guide sleeve support (111) and the guide column support (113), and the primary energy absorbing layer bellows (10) is arranged on the outside of the second guide sleeve.

9. A reusable multi-stage energy absorbing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A secondary energy absorption layer bellows (20) is fixedly connected between the guide column support (113) and the guide column base, and the secondary energy absorption layer bellows (20) is arranged outside the shape memory alloy negative Poisson's ratio structure (213).

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