Multi-stage energy consumption self-floating type ship collision prevention device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-stage energy dissipation self-floating type ship collision prevention device, and relates to the technical field of bridge collision prevention. The floating energy dissipation device comprises a first floating energy dissipation mechanism and a second floating energy dissipation mechanism which can float on the water surface and are connected with each other through a connecting frame. The second floating energy dissipation mechanisms sleeve the periphery of the pier at intervals, the first floating energy dissipation mechanisms are arranged around the second floating energy dissipation mechanisms, and the first floating energy dissipation mechanisms and the second floating energy dissipation mechanisms can slide relative to the connecting frame. Each connecting frame is provided with two sets of energy dissipation pieces, one set of energy dissipation pieces is located between the first floating energy dissipation mechanism and the connecting frame, the other set of energy dissipation pieces is located between the second floating energy dissipation mechanism and the connecting frame, and the rigidity of the two levels of floating energy dissipation mechanisms is larger than that of the energy dissipation pieces. When the ship collides, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism deviates inwards and sequentially extrudes the energy dissipation pieces at all levels and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism, step-by-step energy dissipation is achieved, and the collision energy is absorbed to the maximum extent. Compared with the prior art, the damage risk of ship collision to the bridge structure can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge collision avoidance technology, and in particular to a multi-stage energy-consuming self-floating anti-ship collision device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the most widely used anti-collision devices in China are self-floating anti-collision facilities made of steel-composite materials. These devices rely on their own buoyancy to float on the water surface and absorb the impact force through their own structure during a collision. However, in high-navigability waterways and maritime environments, ultra-large tonnage vessels frequently pass through. When these existing steel-composite self-floating anti-collision facilities are subjected to high-speed impacts from such vessels, they mainly rely on their own rigidity to directly withstand the enormous impact force, leading to structural damage or even destruction. Furthermore, due to the structural characteristics of steel-composite self-floating anti-collision facilities, their energy absorption and dissipation capabilities are relatively limited, making it difficult to effectively reduce the transfer of impact energy. As a result, a significant impact force still acts on the bridge piers, posing a serious threat to bridge safety.

[0003] Therefore, existing technologies have problems such as insufficient impact resistance, poor energy dissipation effect, and limited protection of bridge piers when facing the impact of ultra-large tonnage ships. There is an urgent need to develop a multi-stage energy dissipation self-floating anti-ship collision device with a simple structure, multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism, and significant energy dissipation effect to improve the protection capability of bridges and reduce the risk of damage to bridge structures caused by ship collisions. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application discloses a multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device to solve the technical problems of insufficient impact resistance, poor energy dissipation effect, and limited protection of bridge piers in related anti-ship collision devices.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device includes: a first floating energy dissipation mechanism and a second floating energy dissipation mechanism, wherein the first floating energy dissipation mechanism is connected to the outer periphery of the second floating energy dissipation mechanism, and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism is spaced out and sleeved on the outer periphery of the bridge pier, and both the first and second floating energy dissipation mechanisms can float on the water surface; a connecting frame, wherein multiple connecting frames are provided between the first and second floating energy dissipation mechanisms, and the first and second floating energy dissipation mechanisms can slide relative to the connecting frames; and energy-dissipating components, wherein two sets are provided on each connecting frame, one set of energy-dissipating components is fixed between the first floating energy dissipation mechanism and the connecting frame, and the other set of energy-dissipating components is fixed between the second floating energy dissipation mechanism and the connecting frame, and the stiffness of the first and second floating energy dissipation mechanisms is greater than the stiffness of the energy-dissipating components; wherein, under the condition of being subjected to an external impact, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism shifts inward and then sequentially compresses the first set of energy-dissipating components, the connecting frame, the second set of energy-dissipating components, and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism, so as to achieve energy dissipation in stages through sequential compression deformation.

[0007] Preferably, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism includes a first steel structure box, supporting members, and energy dissipation fillers. The first steel structure box has an annular cavity, and multiple supporting members are provided in the annular cavity to support the first steel structure box. The energy dissipation fillers are embedded in the first steel structure box and located in the gaps between the multiple supporting members, and the density of the energy dissipation fillers is less than the density of water.

[0008] Preferably, the corner of the first steel structure box is smoothly transitioned, and the energy dissipation filling component includes a first energy dissipation filling part and a second energy dissipation filling part. The structural strength of the first energy dissipation filling part is greater than that of the second energy dissipation filling part. The first energy dissipation filling part fills the gap portion in the annular cavity corresponding to the corner of the first steel structure box, and the second energy dissipation filling part fills the gap portion in the annular cavity that avoids the corner of the first steel structure box.

[0009] Preferably, the second floating energy dissipation mechanism includes a second steel structure box and a buffer component, wherein the second steel structure box is hollow and also has a support component and a second energy dissipation filler; an installation gap is left between the second steel structure box and the bridge pier, and the buffer component is located in the installation gap to dissipate the impact energy generated by external impact.

[0010] Preferably, the support member includes a first support portion, a second support portion, and a third support portion, wherein the second support portion is provided vertically on the first support portion at least once, and the second support portion is connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box or the second steel structure box; the third support portion is provided at both ends of the first support portion, and the two sets of third support portions extend inclinedly in opposite directions, and the third support portion is also connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box or the second steel structure box.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting frame includes stiffeners and ribs. A stiffener is vertically provided at each end of the rib, and an installation gap is formed between the stiffener and the rib. The installation gap is provided opposite to each other on both sides of the rib. The first floating energy dissipation mechanism and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism are slidably disposed in the installation gap. Two sets of energy dissipation components are respectively disposed in the two installation gaps. One end of the energy dissipation component is connected to the rib, and the other end is connected to the first floating energy dissipation mechanism or the second floating energy dissipation mechanism. The energy dissipation component can deform and compress along the impact direction when subjected to external impact.

[0012] Preferably, the energy dissipation component includes a first buffer section and a second buffer section. The first buffer section is provided with multiple sections that are bent relative to each other in sequence. Adjacent first buffer sections are connected by a second buffer section, and a bending gap is formed between adjacent first buffer sections. In the event of an external impact, the first buffer section can undergo elastic deformation toward the corresponding bending gap to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

[0013] Preferably, at least one of the upper and lower outer walls of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism is provided with a first energy dissipation baffle. A plurality of energy dissipation bolts are threaded through the first energy dissipation baffle and the first floating energy dissipation mechanism, and the two are relatively fixed by the energy dissipation bolts. The first energy dissipation baffle is arranged opposite to the stiffener, and an impact gap is reserved between the two. In the event of an external impact, the first energy dissipation baffle can move along the impact gap and abut against the stiffener and break under the continued action of the external impact to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

[0014] Preferably, at least one of the upper and lower outer walls of the second floating energy dissipation mechanism is provided with a second energy dissipation baffle. A plurality of energy dissipation bolts are threaded through the second energy dissipation baffle and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism, and the two are relatively fixed by the energy dissipation bolts. The second energy dissipation baffle and the stiffener are arranged opposite to each other, and an impact gap is reserved between them. In the event of an external impact, the stiffener can move along the impact gap and abut against the second energy dissipation baffle, and break the second energy dissipation baffle under the continued action of the external impact to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

[0015] Preferably, the cushioning element is made of at least one of rubber, PE material or polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0016] The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This application achieves a graded energy dissipation anti-collision mechanism through a multi-stage structural design of a first floating energy dissipation mechanism and a second floating energy dissipation mechanism, combined with the setting of energy-consuming components and connecting frames. When a ship collides with the device, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism first deflects and compresses the first group of energy-consuming components, and then the energy is gradually transferred to the connecting frame, the second group of energy-consuming components, and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism, sequentially completing the deformation absorption of the impact force. This energy dissipation method can significantly reduce the instantaneous impact force borne by a single structure, thereby effectively reducing the direct effect of impact energy on the piers, reducing the risk of pier damage, and improving the safety and durability of the bridge. Compared with traditional single-stage energy dissipation devices, the multi-stage energy dissipation scheme of this application disperses and absorbs energy in a gradient, avoiding the failure of the anti-collision device or damage to the pier due to excessive force at a single point, and improving the overall protection capability;

[0018] 2. This application rationally arranges supporting components, including a first support section, a second support section, and a third support section, inside the steel structure box of the first and second floating energy dissipation mechanisms. These supporting components interact, not only enhancing the overall rigidity and stability of the box, but also effectively dispersing impact loads, ensuring the anti-collision device maintains structural integrity when impacted by a ship and avoiding localized failure. Simultaneously, the inclined arrangement of the supporting components further optimizes the load transmission path, allowing the impact force to be dispersed along a reasonable direction, preventing stress concentration. Furthermore, the first and second energy dissipation filling sections fill key stress-bearing areas, further improving the overall energy absorption effect, enabling the anti-collision device to exert stable energy dissipation capabilities under different impact conditions, ensuring long-term stable operation.

[0019] 3. This application provides a first energy dissipation baffle and a second energy dissipation baffle on the outer walls of the first and second floating energy dissipation mechanisms, respectively, and fixes them with energy dissipation bolts. When the device is impacted, the energy dissipation baffle moves along the impact direction under the impact until the energy dissipation bolts shear off, releasing the impact energy. This design allows the energy dissipation baffle to provide a certain buffer in the initial stress stage, prolonging the energy dissipation time and thus reducing the instantaneous impact load. In addition, a buffer component is also provided between the anti-ship collision device and the pier. This buffer component is made of high-energy-consuming materials such as rubber, PE material, or polytetrafluoroethylene, which further absorbs the remaining energy when the device contacts the pier, preventing secondary impacts from causing additional damage to the pier. This multi-layered buffer design enables the anti-collision device to adapt to the impact conditions of ships of different tonnages, improves the protection capability, and even when the device is damaged, it can still maintain a certain buffering and energy dissipation capacity to ensure the safety of the pier. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the second floating energy dissipation mechanism according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the support member according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the connecting frame according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating an energy-consuming component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state after an external impact, as described in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state after an external impact, as described in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state after an external impact, as described in this application embodiment. Figure 3 .

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 100. First floating energy dissipation mechanism; 110. First steel structure box; 111. First energy dissipation baffle; 120. Support component; 121. First support part; 122. Second support part; 123. Third support part; 130. Energy dissipation filling component; 131. First energy dissipation filling part; 132. Second energy dissipation filling part; 200. Second floating energy dissipation mechanism; 210. Second steel structure box; 211. Second energy dissipation baffle; 220. Buffer component; 300. Connecting frame; 310. Rib plate; 320. Rib plate; 400. Energy dissipation component; 410. First buffer section; 420. Second buffer section; 500. Energy dissipation bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 11 This application provides a detailed description of a multi-stage energy-consuming self-floating anti-ship collision device through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0037] A multi-stage energy-consuming self-floating anti-ship collision device, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 It includes a first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, a second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, a connecting frame 300, and an energy-consuming component 400; wherein, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 is connected to the outer periphery of the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 is spaced and sleeved on the outer periphery of the pier 600, and both the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 can float on the water surface.

[0038] Meanwhile, multiple floating energy dissipation mechanisms are provided between the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, and the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 can slide relative to the connecting frame 300. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the pier 600 is rectangular, and the corresponding number of connecting frames 300 is four, with one frame arranged on each side of the pier 600. Furthermore, the direction in which the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 slide relative to the connecting frame 300 is the impact direction, that is, after a large ship impacts the outer surface of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 can move relative to the connecting frame 300 in the direction of the impact force.

[0039] Furthermore, two sets of energy-dissipating components 400 are provided on each connecting frame 300. For example, if there are four connecting frames 300, then there are eight corresponding energy-dissipating components 400. For example, one set of energy-dissipating components 400 is fixed between the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the connecting frame 300, and the other set of energy-dissipating components 400 is fixed between the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 and the connecting frame 300. The stiffness of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 is greater than the stiffness of the energy-dissipating components 400. Under external impact, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 shifts inward and then sequentially compresses the first set of energy-dissipating components 400, the connecting frame 300, the second set of energy-dissipating components 400, and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, so as to achieve energy dissipation in stages through sequential compression deformation.

[0040] Based on this, through the cooperation of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, the connecting frame 300 and the energy-consuming component 400, energy dissipation is achieved in stages, thereby effectively reducing the transmission of ship impact energy and improving the bridge's protective capability. The technical effects of this device are reflected in the following aspects: First, through the double-layer arrangement of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, a multi-stage energy dissipation structure is formed. When a ship collides, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 first comes into contact with the impact force and shifts inward. Since there is a first set of energy-consuming components 400 between it and the connecting frame 300, the shift of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 first causes the first set of energy-consuming components 400 to deform under pressure, thereby initially absorbing the impact energy. As the impact energy continues to act, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 shifts further and pushes the connecting frame 300 to move inward, thereby squeezing the second set of energy-consuming components 400, causing the second set of energy-consuming components 400 to deform and absorb part of the impact energy. Finally, the impact force acts on the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200. Under the buffering effect of the energy-consuming components 400, the impact force has been greatly weakened, so that the remaining energy borne by the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 is small, reducing its risk of damage. Compared to existing steel-composite self-floating anti-collision facilities that mainly rely on structural rigidity to withstand impacts, this application absorbs and disperses the impact force in stages through multi-stage sliding and the gradual deformation of the energy-dissipating component 400. This greatly reduces the risk of excessive stress on a single structure, avoids direct structural damage, and improves the impact resistance and energy absorption effect of the device. As a result, it effectively reduces the direct impact force on the pier 600 and enhances the safety and durability of the bridge structure.

[0041] In some implementations, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 The first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 includes a first steel structure box 110, support members 120, and energy dissipation filler 130. The first steel structure box 110 has an annular cavity, and multiple support members 120 are provided in the annular cavity to support the first steel structure box 110. The energy dissipation filler 130 is embedded in the first steel structure box 110 and located in the gap between the multiple support members 120, and the density of the energy dissipation filler 130 is less than the density of water.

[0042] For example, the corners of the first steel structure box 110 are designed with smooth transitions. That is, the corners of the first steel structure box 110 do not have sharp edges, but are smooth arc-shaped corner surfaces, which can prevent the ship from colliding with sharp parts and aggravating the damage.

[0043] For example, in combination Figure 4 , Figure 5The energy-dissipating filler 130 includes a first energy-dissipating filler portion 131 and a second energy-dissipating filler portion 132. The structural strength of the first energy-dissipating filler portion 131 is greater than that of the second energy-dissipating filler portion 132. The first energy-dissipating filler portion 131 fills the gap portion in the annular cavity corresponding to the corner of the first steel structure box 110, and the second energy-dissipating filler portion 132 fills the gap portion in the annular cavity avoiding the corner of the first steel structure box 110. Furthermore, the first energy-dissipating filler portion 131 can be made of foamed metal (such as foamed aluminum or foamed nickel) or high-strength honeycomb material to provide a stronger energy absorption effect upon impact. Similarly, the second energy-dissipating filler portion 132 can be made of polymer cushioning material (such as EVA foam or polyurethane foam) to ensure that basic energy dissipation is still provided while reducing overall weight. This configuration allows both the second energy-dissipating filler section 132 and the first energy-dissipating filler section 131 to have the performance of reducing impact energy, while also having a certain structural strength. From the perspective of material selection, the structural strength of the second energy-dissipating filler section 132 is less than that of the first energy-dissipating filler section 131. Thus, when the ship impacts the corner of the first steel structure box 110 instead of directly impacting it from the front, the multi-stage energy dissipation performance of this application is still not affected.

[0044] Based on this, the annular cavity design reduces the overall weight of the first steel structure box 110, while simultaneously creating a closed space that enhances its buoyancy, enabling it to float stably on the water surface. Secondly, the energy-absorbing filler 130 is embedded within the steel structure box and positioned between multiple support members 120, allowing it to deform and absorb impact energy upon impact, thereby enhancing the buffering capacity of the anti-collision device. The density of the energy-absorbing filler 130 is less than that of water, which not only enhances the buoyancy of the first steel structure box 110 but also avoids the problem of the energy-absorbing filler 130 increasing the overall weight of the first steel structure box 110, ensuring its long-term stable floating on the water surface and providing effective anti-collision function.

[0045] Meanwhile, by employing a first energy-dissipating filler section 131 with stronger energy dissipation capacity at the corners of the first steel structure box 110, and a second energy-dissipating filler section 132 with relatively weaker energy dissipation capacity at non-corner locations, stronger impact resistance is ensured in areas of higher structural stress, while lighter energy-dissipating filler is used in areas of lower stress, thereby optimizing the overall energy absorption efficiency. The first energy-dissipating filler section 131 can be made of foamed metal (such as foamed aluminum or foamed nickel) or high-strength honeycomb material to provide stronger energy absorption during impact, while the second energy-dissipating filler section 132 can be made of polymer cushioning material (such as EVA foam or polyurethane foam) to ensure basic energy dissipation while reducing overall weight. Through this arrangement, the anti-collision device of this application can achieve targeted energy absorption and buffering at different locations, allowing impact energy to gradually attenuate during transmission, avoiding local stress concentration, reducing the risk of structural damage, and improving overall impact resistance and service life. Ultimately, this device can effectively address the shortcomings of existing anti-collision facilities, such as excessive stiffness, limited overall energy absorption capacity, and susceptibility to structural damage, thereby improving the protective capabilities of bridges and reducing the risk of damage to bridges from ship collisions.

[0046] In some implementations, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 5 The second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 includes a second steel structure box 210 and a buffer member 220. The second steel structure box 210 is hollow and also contains a support member 120 and a second energy dissipation filler part 132. An installation gap is left between the second steel structure box 210 and the pier 600, and the buffer member 220 is disposed within the installation gap to dissipate the impact energy generated by external impact. For example, one end of the buffer member 220 is connected to the outer surface of the pier 600, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the second steel structure box 210.

[0047] For example, the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 adopts a hollow second steel structure box 210, with a support member 120 and a second energy dissipation filling part 132 inside. This design ensures that the box has stronger structural stability when subjected to impact and can effectively absorb impact energy through the filled energy dissipation material (such as aluminum foam, honeycomb structure material or polymer buffer material), reducing the direct transmission of impact force. In addition, an installation gap is reserved between the second steel structure box 210 and the pier 600, and a buffer member 220 (such as high-damping rubber or polyurethane foam) is set in this gap. This allows the buffer member 220 to further absorb the remaining energy through elastic deformation during ship collision, thereby reducing the impact force directly acting on the pier 600 and improving the overall protection capability of the bridge. This multi-level energy dissipation method effectively solves the problems of insufficient impact resistance and limited energy absorption of existing anti-collision devices, gradually weakening the impact energy during transmission, preventing the pier 600 from being subjected to severe impact, and improving the safety and durability of the bridge.

[0048] For example, the buffer element 220 is made of at least one of rubber, PE, or polytetrafluoroethylene. Specifically, rubber has good elastic deformation capability, which can significantly absorb and disperse impact energy when subjected to external impact, thereby reducing the degree of energy directly transferred to the pier 600 and improving the buffering performance of the device. PE, due to its excellent weather resistance, impact resistance, and low water absorption, allows the buffer element 220 to maintain stable physical properties in long-term underwater environments, avoiding a decrease in buffering effect due to water erosion. Polytetrafluoroethylene has an extremely low coefficient of friction and excellent chemical corrosion resistance, enabling it to maintain a stable buffering effect under high-frequency impact environments and effectively reducing wear caused by friction, extending the service life of the buffer element 220. In summary, the appropriate selection of these materials ensures that the buffer element 220 can provide a stable and lasting energy dissipation effect under different environments and impact conditions, thereby improving the overall protective capability of the entire anti-collision device.

[0049] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the support member 120 includes a first support portion 121, a second support portion 122, and a third support portion 123. At least one set of the second support portion 122 is vertically provided on the first support portion 121, and the second support portion 122 is connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box 110 or the second steel structure box 210. A set of the third support portion 123 is provided at each end of the first support portion 121. The two sets of third support portions 123 extend inclinedly in opposite directions, and the third support portion 123 is also connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box 110 or the second steel structure box 210.

[0050] Based on this, the support member 120 is composed of a first support part 121, a second support part 122, and a third support part 123. The second support part 122 is at least vertically mounted on the first support part 121 and connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box 110 or the second steel structure box 210, thus providing good vertical support in the direction of force application. This ensures the box maintains structural stability upon impact, preventing local deformation or instability. Furthermore, the third support part 123 is located at both ends of the first support part 121 and extends obliquely in opposite directions, also connecting to the inner wall of the steel structure box. This support method forms a stable, triangular-like structure, improving load-bearing capacity and distributing impact energy evenly among the internal support members 120, reducing local stress concentration and thus enhancing the overall impact resistance of the device.

[0051] In actual operation, when a ship collides, the first support 121 absorbs the initial impact force, while the second support 122 provides additional vertical support to prevent the box from deforming drastically after being subjected to force. Simultaneously, the inclined structure of the third support 123 effectively disperses the impact energy, allowing the impact force to be transmitted in multiple directions, avoiding stress concentration in a single direction, and further enhancing the anti-collision device's compressive strength and stability. Furthermore, since each support is connected to the inner wall of the steel structure box, the entire support system can distribute the impact force more evenly, preventing excessive local stress that could lead to box breakage or damage. Ultimately, this optimized design solves the problem of steel structure boxes being prone to deformation or damage under high-intensity impacts in existing technologies, significantly improving the structural strength and impact resistance of the anti-collision device, ensuring that the device maintains a stable protective effect during long-term use.

[0052] In some implementations, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 7 The connecting frame 300 includes stiffening plates 310 and ribs 320. One stiffening plate 310 is vertically disposed at each end of the rib 320, forming an installation gap between the stiffening plates 310 and the ribs 320. The installation gap is provided on opposite sides of the ribs 320. A first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and a second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 are slidably disposed within the installation gap. For example, the ribs 320 are vertically connected to the center line of the stiffening plate 310, thus forming an I-shape with the two stiffening plates 310 and one rib 320. The recesses on both sides of the I-shape form the installation gap. Furthermore, both the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 slide in engagement with the side of the stiffening plate 310 facing the installation gap.

[0053] For example, the two sets of energy dissipation components 400 are respectively disposed in two installation gaps, and one end of the energy dissipation component 400 is connected to the rib plate 320 and the other end is connected to the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 or the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200. The energy dissipation component 400 can achieve deformation compression along the impact direction when subjected to external impact.

[0054] For example, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 8 The energy-dissipating component 400 includes a first buffer section 410 and a second buffer section 420. Multiple first buffer sections 410 are arranged with sequentially bent relative to each other, and adjacent first buffer sections 410 are connected by a second buffer section 420, forming a bending gap between adjacent first buffer sections 410. Upon external impact, the first buffer section 410 can elastically deform towards the corresponding bending gap to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact. Furthermore, the first buffer section 410 and the second buffer section 420 can be welded from steel plates.

[0055] Based on this, the combination of stiffening plate 310 and rib plate 320 gives the connecting frame 300 higher rigidity and stability, ensuring effective support of the floating energy dissipation mechanism during impact and preventing overall structural deformation failure. Secondly, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 can slide within the installation gap, achieving relative movement upon impact to avoid structural damage caused by rigid collisions, and effectively compressing the energy-dissipating component 400 to dissipate impact energy during this process. In addition, the two sets of energy-dissipating components 400 are respectively arranged in two installation gaps, and are connected to the rib plate 320 at one end and the floating energy dissipation mechanism at the other end, allowing the energy-dissipating component 400 to deform under force along the impact direction, thereby further absorbing impact energy and reducing damage to the structure.

[0056] Meanwhile, upon external impact, the first buffer section 410 undergoes elastic deformation towards the corresponding bending gap, effectively absorbing and dissipating impact energy. This prevents the instantaneous impact force from directly acting on the floating energy dissipation mechanism or the pier 600, reducing the risk of structural damage. Furthermore, because the first buffer section 410 employs a bending design, its deformation mode primarily relies on the bending and springback characteristics of the material. Compared to traditional straight buffer structures, it provides better energy absorption and maintains good buffering performance even after multiple impacts, thus extending the device's service life. The addition of the second buffer section 420 ensures the stability of the entire buffer structure, preventing localized fatigue damage to the buffer component 220 during long-term use and further enhancing the overall impact resistance.

[0057] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, at least one of the upper and lower outer walls of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 is provided with a first energy dissipation baffle 111. A plurality of energy dissipation bolts 500 are threaded through the first energy dissipation baffle 111 and the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, and the two are relatively fixed by the energy dissipation bolts 500. Furthermore, the first energy dissipation baffle 111 is provided on the outer wall of the first steel structure box 110.

[0058] For example, the first energy dissipation baffle 111 is disposed opposite to the stiffener 310, and an impact gap is reserved between them. In the event of an external impact, the first energy dissipation baffle 111 can move along the impact gap and abut against the stiffener 310 and break under the continued action of the external impact to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

[0059] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, at least one of the upper and lower outer walls of the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200 is provided with a second energy dissipation baffle 211. Multiple energy dissipation bolts 500 are threaded through the second energy dissipation baffle 211 and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism 200, and the two are relatively fixed by the energy dissipation bolts 500. Furthermore, the second energy dissipation baffle 211 is provided on the outer wall of the second steel structure box 210.

[0060] For example, the second energy dissipation baffle 211 is disposed opposite to the stiffener 310, and an impact gap is reserved between them. In the event of an external impact, the stiffener 310 can move along the impact gap and abut against the second energy dissipation baffle 211, and break the second energy dissipation baffle 211 under the continued action of the external impact, so as to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

[0061] Based on this, when an external impact occurs, the first energy-dissipating baffle 111 moves along the impact gap and gradually comes into contact with the stiffener 310, breaking under continuous impact, thus effectively dissipating impact energy. Similarly, the stiffener 310 continues to move along another impact gap and gradually comes into contact with the second energy-dissipating baffle 211, causing the second energy-dissipating baffle 211 to break under the impact of the stiffener 310, thereby dissipating impact energy. This structural design ensures that under different impact intensities, the anti-collision device can deform and break according to the preset energy absorption path, avoiding the direct transfer of impact energy to the main structure, thereby reducing the risk of structural damage.

[0062] Secondly, both the first energy-dissipating baffle 111 and the second energy-dissipating baffle 211 are fixed with energy-dissipating bolts 500, allowing the component to absorb some energy upon impact and further dissipate energy through deformation and breakage. Compared to traditional rigid anti-collision structures, this multi-stage buffer mode can more effectively disperse impact loads and reduce the damage to the structure caused by instantaneous impact forces. Simultaneously, the reserved impact gap ensures that the baffles have sufficient room to move during an impact, allowing them to gradually absorb impact energy instead of bearing the entire impact force instantly, thus improving the overall structural stability. Furthermore, this design offers a degree of maintainability; if the energy-dissipating baffles are damaged, the function of the anti-collision device can be restored by replacing the energy-dissipating bolts 500, the first energy-dissipating baffle 111, and the second energy-dissipating baffle 211, reducing maintenance costs and extending service life.

[0063] For example, in combination Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The impact energy dissipation of the multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-collision device of this application can be divided into the following three stages. It is worth noting that, in the attached... Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 In the image, the arrow on the left indicates the direction of the impact:

[0064] In the first stage, when a ship collides with a multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-collision device, the impact is initially felt on the frontal surface of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100. Due to the high rigidity of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, the energy is initially absorbed primarily by the deformation of the energy-dissipating components 400. Specifically, under the impact force, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 shifts inward, causing the first set of energy-dissipating components 400 to undergo compressive deformation, thereby dissipating some of the impact energy. Simultaneously, since the first energy-dissipating baffle 111 is connected to the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 via energy-dissipating bolts 500, under the continuous impact force, the energy-dissipating bolts 500 are sheared, and the first energy-dissipating baffle 111 detaches, further absorbing the impact energy. At the same time, the non-frontal and side surfaces of the anti-collision device also experience elongation deformation of the energy-dissipating components 400 due to the displacement of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, simultaneously dissipating some of the impact energy.

[0065] In the second stage, after the energy dissipation bolt 500 is sheared and the first energy dissipation baffle 111 falls off, the impact force continues to act on the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100, causing it to shift further inward. At this time, the first group of energy dissipation components 400 and the second group of energy dissipation components 400 are simultaneously compressed, and the compression displacement of the first group of energy dissipation components 400 is greater than that of the second group of energy dissipation components 400. At the same time, the stiffener 310 of the connecting frame 300 abuts against the second energy dissipation baffle 211, further reducing the impact energy. When the impact force reaches a certain level, the energy dissipation bolt 500 on the second energy dissipation baffle 211 is sheared, and the second energy dissipation baffle 211 falls off, releasing additional energy dissipation mechanism. Throughout the process, the back impact surface and the energy dissipation components 400 on both sides of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism 100 continue to deform, enhancing the dissipation effect of impact energy.

[0066] In the third stage, after the first energy dissipation baffle 111 and the second energy dissipation baffle 211 detach, the impact energy continues to impact the anti-collision device. The first energy dissipation device and the second energy dissipation device continue to compress until they reach the maximum compression displacement and can no longer be compressed. The energy dissipation devices on the back impact surface and both sides continue to elongate, and some of the impact energy continues to dissipate due to the deformation of the energy dissipation devices.

[0067] After the first and second sets of energy-dissipating components 400 are compressed to their limit displacement, the remaining energy continues to move the anti-collision device. At this point, the entire anti-collision device begins to impact the pier 600. Since most of the ship's impact energy has been dissipated by the previous stages, the energy required to continue impacting the pier 600 is only a small fraction of the initial energy. The buffer 220, located between the self-floating anti-collision device and the pier 600, can further dissipate some energy. Therefore, the impact energy acting on the pier 600 is now very small, thus better protecting the pier 600.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0069] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0070] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device, characterized in that, include: The first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) are connected to the outer periphery of the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200). The second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) is spaced out and sleeved on the outer periphery of the pier (600). Both the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) can float on the water surface. A connecting frame (300) is provided between the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200), and the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) can slide relative to the connecting frame (300); Two sets of energy-consuming components (400) are provided on each of the connecting frames (300). One set of energy-consuming components (400) is fixed between the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the connecting frame (300), and the other set of energy-consuming components (400) is fixed between the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) and the connecting frame (300). The stiffness of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) is greater than the stiffness of the energy-consuming component (400). When subjected to an external impact, the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) shifts inward and then sequentially compresses the first group of energy-consuming components (400), the connecting frame (300), the second group of energy-consuming components (400), and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) to achieve energy dissipation through sequential compression deformation.

2. The multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) includes a first steel structure box (110), a support member (120), and an energy dissipation filling member (130), wherein, The first steel structure box (110) has an annular cavity, and multiple support members (120) are provided in the annular cavity to support the first steel structure box (110); The energy-dissipating filler (130) is embedded in the first steel structure box (110) and located in the gap between the plurality of the support members (120), and the density of the energy-dissipating filler (130) is less than the density of water.

3. The multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corners of the first steel structure box (110) are smoothly transitioned, and the energy dissipation filling element (130) includes a first energy dissipation filling part (131) and a second energy dissipation filling part (132). The structural strength of the first energy dissipation filling part (131) is greater than that of the second energy dissipation filling part (132). The first energy-dissipating filler part (131) fills the gap in the annular cavity corresponding to the corner of the first steel structure box (110), and the second energy-dissipating filler part (132) fills the gap in the annular cavity away from the corner of the first steel structure box (110).

4. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-collision device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) includes a second steel structure box (210) and a buffer (220), wherein, The second steel structure box (210) is hollow inside, and the second steel structure box (210) is also provided with a support member (120) and a second energy dissipation filling part (132). An installation gap is left between the second steel structure box (210) and the pier (600), and the buffer (220) is located in the installation gap to dissipate the impact energy generated by external impact.

5. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-collision device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The support member (120) includes a first support portion (121), a second support portion (122), and a third support portion (123), wherein, The second support (122) is provided vertically on the first support (121) at least once, and the second support (122) is connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box (110) or the second steel structure box (210); The third support (123) is provided at both ends of the first support (121), and the two sets of the third support (123) extend in opposite directions. The third support (123) is also connected to the inner wall of the first steel structure box (110) or the second steel structure box (210).

6. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-collision device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The connecting frame (300) includes stiffening plates (310) and ribs (320). The stiffening plates (310) are respectively vertically provided at both ends of the ribs (320), and an installation gap is formed between the stiffening plates (310) and the ribs (320). The installation gap is provided opposite to each other on both sides of the ribs (320). The first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) are respectively slidably provided in the installation gap. The two sets of energy dissipation components (400) are respectively disposed in the two installation gaps, and one end of the energy dissipation component (400) is connected to the rib plate (320) and the other end is connected to the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) or the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200). The energy dissipation component (400) can deform and compress along the impact direction when subjected to external impact.

7. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-collision device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy-consuming component (400) includes a first buffer section (410) and a second buffer section (420). Multiple first buffer sections (410) are arranged with sequential bending relative to each other. Adjacent first buffer sections (410) are connected by a second buffer section (420), and a bending gap is formed between adjacent first buffer sections (410). In the event of an external impact, the first buffer section (410) can undergo elastic deformation toward the corresponding bending gap to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

8. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one of the upper and lower outer walls of the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100) is provided with a first energy dissipation baffle (111). A plurality of energy dissipation bolts (500) are threaded through the first energy dissipation baffle (111) and the first floating energy dissipation mechanism (100), and the two are relatively fixed by the energy dissipation bolts (500). The first energy dissipation baffle (111) is arranged opposite to the stiffener (310), and an impact gap is reserved between them. In the event of an external impact, the first energy dissipation baffle (111) can move along the impact gap and abut against the stiffener (310) and break under the continued action of the external impact to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

9. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one of the upper and lower outer walls of the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200) is provided with a second energy dissipation baffle (211). Multiple energy dissipation bolts (500) are threaded between the second energy dissipation baffle (211) and the second floating energy dissipation mechanism (200), and the two are relatively fixed by the energy dissipation bolts (500). The second energy dissipation baffle (211) is arranged opposite to the stiffener (310), and an impact gap is reserved between them. In the event of an external impact, the stiffener (310) can move along the impact gap and abut against the second energy dissipation baffle (211), and break the second energy dissipation baffle (211) under the continued action of the external impact, so as to dissipate the impact energy generated by the external impact.

10. A multi-stage energy-dissipating self-floating anti-ship collision device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer (220) is made of at least one of rubber, PE material or polytetrafluoroethylene material.

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