Device and method for measuring river flow of runoff type hydropower station

Abstract

The invention discloses equipment and a method for measuring the river flow of a runoff type hydropower station, the influence of media such as silt on flow velocity measurement is weakened through an active measurement mode of pumping back flushing, meanwhile, the slope of the river is introduced into the flow velocity measurement process to obtain the real flow velocity of the river, and the real flow velocity of the river is calculated on the basis of the real flow velocity. The average speed of the river is obtained; then, a river channel section function is constructed to obtain the river channel average section area between the reservoir area starting point and the measuring point, and therefore the influence of river channel irregularity on flow measurement can be reduced; finally, according to the average speed and the average section area, the real flow of the river channel can be obtained. Therefore, the influence of factors such as non-uniform instantaneous flow velocity, river channel gradient and irregular river channel on flow measurement is solved, so that the accuracy of natural flow velocity measurement and flow measurement of the river channel of the runoff type hydropower station is improved; therefore, the method is very suitable for large-scale application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of river flow measurement, and in particular relates to a device and a method for measuring the river flow of a runoff type hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] One of the foundations of flow monitoring is flow velocity monitoring. At present, the methods of measuring flow velocity include non-contact and contact measurement. Among them, non-contact measurement is mainly completed by high-speed cameras, radars and other equipment; while contact measurement is to place the equipment in the river, use the river to flush the propeller on the equipment, and then calculate the flow velocity by counting the number of revolutions of the propeller.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned measurement methods have the following shortcomings: (1) Non-contact measurement basically stays on the surface of the fluid, and it is difficult to measure the velocity of the fluid at depth, while contact measurement is a passive measurement (i.e., the velocity measurement is achieved by flushing the vortex with river water), which is easily affected by media such as silt in the river (i.e., silt accumulation will affect the measurement of the velocity, resulting in inaccurate measurement results; (2) The existing measurement methods all measure instantaneous velocity and do not take into account the influence of the river slope, which further reduces the accuracy of the velocity measurement; therefore, due to the large error in velocity measurement, the accuracy of flow measurement will be reduced; at the same time, the existing flow measurement is based on the velocity and the river section, and the existing technology does not take into account the problem of uneven river section; based on this, the accuracy of flow measurement is further reduced; therefore, based on the above-mentioned shortcomings, how to provide a measurement device and method for the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station with high measurement accuracy has become a problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the flow rate of a river channel of a runoff hydropower station, so as to solve the problem of low flow rate measurement accuracy existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a device for measuring the flow of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station is provided, wherein the device is placed in the river channel of the hydropower station, and the device comprises:

[0007] A first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein the first pipeline is placed horizontally, the second pipeline passes through the first pipeline in a vertical direction, and two through holes are arranged opposite to each other at a portion of the second pipeline located in the first pipeline, and the two through holes are arranged sequentially in a horizontal direction;

[0008] A velocimeter and a water pump are sequentially arranged in the first pipeline along the flow direction of the river, wherein the water outlet of the water pump faces the velocimeter, and the rated pumping rate of the water pump is greater than the flow rate of the river;

[0009] A main control device, the main control device is electrically connected to the speed meter and the water pump, wherein when the measuring device is working, the main control device controls the water pump to pump water to the speed meter, so as to obtain the speed measurement data of the speed meter within a preset time period, and the speed measurement data includes the speed measurement values ​​at each time within the preset time period;

[0010] The main control device is used to determine the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments in the horizontal direction according to the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, and calculate the actual flow velocity of the river at various moments based on the river slope value and the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments, so as to determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period according to each actual flow velocity;

[0011] A main control device is used to construct a river section function and calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point based on the river section function, wherein the measuring point is the placement point of the measuring device;

[0012] The main control device is also used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river.

[0013] Based on the above disclosed content, the present invention crosses two horizontally placed and vertically placed pipes and opens a through hole at the intersection to form a through flow measurement device; wherein, a velocimeter and a water pump are sequentially arranged in the horizontally placed pipe (i.e., the first pipe) along the direction of river flow, and the rated pumping rate of the water pump is higher than the river flow rate. At the same time, when working, the water outlet of the water pump sprays water toward the velocimeter; in this way, the present invention is equivalent to measuring the flow rate by means of water production backwash (pumping backwash), thereby utilizing pumping backwash to weaken the accumulation of media such as silt, so as to reduce the influence of media such as silt on the flow rate measurement.

[0014] Furthermore, when measuring flow velocity, the measuring equipment calculates the flow velocity of the river in the horizontal direction based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity value detected by the velocimeter, and calculates the actual flow velocity of the river at different times in combination with the river slope value; then, based on the actual flow velocity at different times, the average velocity of the river during the measurement time is calculated; then, a river cross-sectional function is constructed, and then the river cross-sectional function is used to determine the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the reservoir area and the measuring point; finally, the flow of the river can be obtained using the average velocity and the average cross-sectional area.

[0015] Through the above design, the measuring equipment for the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station provided by the present invention reduces the influence of media such as silt on the flow velocity measurement through the active measurement method of pumping backwash. At the same time, the river slope is introduced into the flow velocity measurement process to obtain the real flow velocity of the river, and based on this, the average speed of the river is obtained; then, by constructing a river cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the reservoir area and the measuring point is obtained, so that the influence of the irregularity of the river on the flow measurement can be reduced; finally, according to the average speed and the average cross-sectional area, the real flow of the river can be obtained; thus, the present invention solves the influence of factors such as uneven instantaneous flow velocity, river slope and irregular river on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity measurement and flow measurement in the river of the run-of-river hydropower station; therefore, it is very suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

[0016] In a possible design, a level gauge is further provided on the first pipe.

[0017] In a possible design, a water depth gauge is further provided on the second pipe.

[0018] In a possible design, the radii of the first pipe and the second pipe are the same, wherein the length of the first pipe is nr, where n represents a positive number, and r represents the radius of the first pipe.

[0019] In a possible design, the length of the first pipeline is 12r, wherein the water pump is arranged at a position of 8r to 10r in the first pipeline, and the velocimeter is arranged at a position of 4r to 6r in the first pipeline.

[0020] In a second aspect, a method for measuring the flow of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station is provided, which is performed by a main control device in a measuring device for the flow of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station based on the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, wherein the method comprises:

[0021] Obtaining the river slope value, the rated pumping rate of the water pump, and the speed measurement data of the speed meter within a preset time period, wherein the speed measurement data includes the speed measurement values ​​at each time within the preset time period;

[0022] Determine a plurality of horizontal flow velocities of the river in the horizontal direction according to the rated pumping rate and the measured velocity data, wherein each horizontal flow velocity corresponds to a moment;

[0023] Based on the river channel slope value and a number of horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river channel at each time is calculated;

[0024] Using the actual flow velocity at each time, the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period is determined;

[0025] Constructing a river channel cross-sectional function, and based on the river channel cross-sectional function, calculating the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point, wherein the measuring point is the placement point of the measuring device;

[0026] The flow rate of the river in the river within a preset time period is calculated using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river.

[0027] In a possible design, several horizontal flow velocities of the river in the horizontal direction are determined according to the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, including:

[0028] The difference between the rated pumping rate and the measured speed value at each moment in the speed measurement data is used as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each moment.

[0029] In a possible design, based on the river slope value and several horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river at each time is calculated, including:

[0030] At any time, the actual flow velocity of the river at any time is calculated according to the following formula (1);

[0031]

[0032] In the above formula (1), represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any time, V ft represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any time, and θ represents the slope value of the river.

[0033] In a possible design, the actual flow rate at each moment is used to determine the average flow rate of the river within a preset time period, including:

[0034] According to the following formula (2), the average flow velocity of the river in the river channel within a preset time period is calculated;

[0035]

[0036] In the above formula (2), It represents the average flow velocity of the river in the preset time, t 0 ,t n represents the starting time and the ending time of the preset duration, V fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at the tth moment within the preset time length.

[0037] In a possible design, based on the river cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point is calculated, including:

[0038] According to the following formula (3), the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is calculated;

[0039]

[0040] In the above formula (3), represents the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represents the distance between the starting point of the reservoir area of ​​the hydropower station and the measuring point, and A(r) represents the cross-sectional function of the river channel, wherein r represents the radius of the first pipeline (10), and q represents the ratio of the distance between the starting point of the reservoir area of ​​the hydropower station and the measuring point to r.

[0041] In the third aspect, an electronic device is provided as an example, comprising a memory, a processor and a transceiver which are communicatively connected in sequence, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program to execute the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, a storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed on a computer, the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect is executed.

[0043] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to execute a method for measuring the flow rate in a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0044] Beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) The flow measurement equipment for a run-of-river hydropower station provided by the present invention reduces the influence of media such as silt on flow velocity measurement through an active measurement method of pumping backwash. At the same time, the slope of the river channel is introduced into the flow velocity measurement process to obtain the real flow velocity of the river, and based on this, the average velocity of the river is obtained; then, by constructing a river channel cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the reservoir area and the measuring point is obtained, so that the influence of the irregularity of the river channel on the flow measurement can be reduced; finally, according to the average velocity and the average cross-sectional area, the real flow of the river channel can be obtained; thus, the present invention solves the influence of factors such as instantaneous flow velocity unevenness, river channel slope and river channel irregularity on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity measurement and flow measurement of the run-of-river hydropower station river channel; therefore, it is very suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

[0046] (2) The present invention also provides a water depth gauge on the second pipe, so that the water depth of the device can be determined when measuring the speed; thus, combined with the measurement results of the device, the actual flow rate and flow rate of the river at different water depths can be obtained.

[0047] (3) The present invention is also provided with a level meter, which can ensure that the device is in a level state when in use, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0048] (4) Compared with the non-contact measurement method, the present invention not only measures the flow velocity of the surface fluid, but also takes into account the measurement and calculation of different slopes, and solves the influence of factors such as uneven instantaneous flow velocity and irregular river channel on flow measurement; therefore, the flow measurement accuracy of runoff hydropower stations is improved and the measurement error is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring the flow of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the actual flow velocity and the horizontal flow velocity of a river provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of the steps of a method for measuring the flow rate of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Reference numerals:

[0054] 10-first pipeline; 20-second pipeline; 30-water pump; 40-speed meter, 50-level meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in combination with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0056] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another unit. For example, a first unit can be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit can be referred to as a first unit without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] It should be understood that the term "and / or" that may appear in this article is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. The term " / and" that may appear in this article describes another type of association object relationship, indicating that two relationships may exist. For example, A / and B can represent two situations: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " that may appear in this article generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] Example:

[0059] See also Figure 1 As shown, the measuring equipment for the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station provided in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to: a first pipeline 10, a second pipeline 20, a water pump 30, a tachometer 40 and a main control device; wherein, the first pipeline 10 is placed horizontally, and the second pipeline 20 passes through the first pipeline 10 in a vertical direction, so that it is equivalent to cross the two pipelines to form the aforementioned measuring equipment; at the same time, in this embodiment, two through holes are relatively arranged at the position where the second pipeline 20 is located in the first pipeline 10 to realize the circulation of river water in the two pipelines; optionally, for example, the two through holes are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction and have the same diameter; of course, the specific through hole diameter can be specifically set according to actual use and is not specifically limited here.

[0060] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, a velocimeter 40 and a water pump 30 are sequentially arranged in the first pipeline 10 along the flow direction of the river (i.e., the flow direction of the river in the pipeline); wherein, in a specific application, for example, the outlet of the water pump 30 is oriented toward the velocimeter 40, and the rated pumping rate of the water pump 30 is greater than the flow rate of the river channel, and at the same time, the main control device is electrically connected to the velocimeter 40 and the water pump 30 to control the operation of the water pump 30 and to obtain the speed measurement data generated by the velocimeter 40, and when the measuring device is working, the main control device controls the water pump 30 to pump water to the velocimeter 40.

[0061] In this way, this embodiment is equivalent to using the water production backwash (pumping backwash) method to measure the flow rate, that is, abandoning the traditional passive measurement method and adopting the active measurement method to achieve accurate measurement of the flow rate; at the same time, in the measurement process, this embodiment also takes into account the river slope, uneven instantaneous velocity, irregular river section and other issues, and introduces the aforementioned influencing factors into the flow measurement process, thereby improving the accuracy of the flow measurement; of course, the specific measurement process is described below.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, for example, a level meter 50 is also provided on the first pipe 10; see Figure 1 As shown, for example, the level meter 50 can be installed at the bottom of the first pipe 10, but is not limited to being installed. In this way, during the measurement process, the level meter 50 can be used to ensure that the measuring device is in a horizontal state, thereby preventing the measuring device from being offset and causing measurement errors; at the same time, for example, a water depth scale is also provided on the second pipe 20, see Figure 1 As shown; based on this, the depth of the equipment can be obtained through the water depth scale, and then, combined with the measurement results of the equipment, the flow rate and flow of the river at different water depths can be obtained.

[0063] Furthermore, the specific dimension parameters of the two pipes are disclosed as follows:

[0064] In a specific application, for example, the radii of the first pipe 10 and the second pipe 20 are the same, the length of the first pipe 10 is nr, and the length of the second pipe 20 is ar, wherein a and n both represent positive numbers (specifically, the length of the pipe is a multiple of the radius), and r represents the radius of the first pipe 10; optionally, for example, n and a can be, but are not limited to, 12 and 8. Of course, the specific length can be set according to actual use and is not limited to the aforementioned example.

[0065] The following discloses the installation positions of the water pump 30 and the tachometer 40 on the basis that the lengths of the first pipe 10 and the second pipe 20 are 12r and 8r.

[0066] See also Figure 1 As shown, for example, the water pump 30 is arranged at the position 8r~10r in the first pipe 10 (of course, the water pump is arranged at the position 8r~10r inside the first pipe 10 with the head end along the water flow direction as the starting point), and the speed meter 40 is arranged at the position 4r~6r in the first pipe 10 (similarly, the speed meter 40 is arranged in the same way as the water pump 30); of course, when the length of the first pipe 10 is different, the setting positions of the water pump 30 and the speed meter 40 can be adjusted accordingly, which is not limited to the above example.

[0067] Based on this, the working principle of the entire measuring device is:

[0068] The measuring device is placed in a river channel, and river water enters from the inlet of the first pipe, flows through the speed meter 40 and the water pump 30; at the same time, during the measurement process, the water pump 30 starts to work, and its outlet sprays water toward the speed meter 40; in this way, the speed measured by the speed meter 40 is the combined speed of the river water and the water sprayed by the water pump; based on this, on the basis of the known rated pumping rate of the water pump and the speed measured by the speed meter, the speed of the river at different times (this speed is the horizontal flow velocity) can be inferred.

[0069] Then, the main control equipment can calculate the real flow velocity of the river based on the horizontal flow velocity at different times and combined with the river slope value; then, the average velocity is obtained and the river cross-sectional function is constructed to calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point (i.e. the point where the measuring equipment is placed); finally, the average velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river can be used to obtain the flow of the river.

[0070] Specifically, the specific working process of the main control module in the following public measurement equipment:

[0071] First, the main control device is used to obtain the speed data of the speedometer 40 within a preset time period, wherein the speed data includes the speed values ​​at each moment within the preset time period; for example, assuming that the preset time period is 10 o'clock to 10 o'clock 1 minute, and the speedometer 40 measures once per second, then there is a speed value corresponding to 10 o'clock 1 second and a speed value corresponding to 10 o'clock 2 seconds, for a total of 60 speed values; of course, when the preset time period and the measurement interval are different, the speed data is also the same, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] After obtaining the speed measurement data, the main control module is used to determine the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each moment in the horizontal direction according to the rated pumping rate and the speed measurement data; optionally, in the specific implementation, it has been explained above that the rated pumping rate of the water pump 30 is greater than the flow velocity of the river; therefore, for example, but not limited to, the difference between the rated pumping rate and the speed measurement value at each moment in the speed measurement data can be used as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each moment; for example, assuming that the pumping rate is V p , the speed value at the tth moment within the preset time is V tn , then, at the tth moment, the horizontal flow velocity of the river is: V p -V tn ; Of course, the calculation method of the horizontal flow velocity at other different times is the same as the above example, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Next, the main control module is used to calculate the actual flow rate of the river at each moment based on the river slope value and the horizontal flow rate of the river at each moment, so as to determine the average flow rate of the river within a preset time period based on each actual flow rate.

[0074] Optional, see Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the river slope value actually represents the angle between the river and the horizontal direction. Figure 2 In, V fr Indicates the true flow rate, V f It represents the horizontal flow velocity. Therefore, it is necessary to use the river slope value to convert it into the real flow velocity. Taking any moment as an example, the calculation process of the real flow velocity is explained.

[0075] Wherein, for any moment, the actual flow velocity of the river at any moment can be calculated by, for example but not limited to, the following formula (1).

[0076]

[0077] In the above formula (1), represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any time, V ft represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any time, and θ represents the slope value of the river.

[0078] Thus, based on the above formula (1), the actual flow velocity of the river at each time can be calculated, and then the actual flow velocity can be used to calculate the average velocity.

[0079] In this embodiment, the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period can be calculated by, for example but not limited to, the following formula (2).

[0080]

[0081] In the above formula (2), It represents the average flow velocity of the river in the preset time, t 0 ,t n represents the starting time and the ending time of the preset duration, V fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at the tth moment within the preset time length.

[0082] From the above formula (2), it can be seen that it is equivalent to multiplying the actual flow velocity at each moment by time to obtain the flow distance of the river at each moment; then, the integration method is used to obtain the total flow distance within the preset time length; finally, the total flow distance is divided by the preset time length to obtain the average flow velocity; based on this, the problem of inaccurate flow velocity measurement caused by uneven instantaneous flow velocity can be avoided.

[0083] Based on this, after calculating the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period based on the aforementioned formula (2), this embodiment also constructs a river cross-section function to reduce the impact of river irregularities on flow measurement based on this function; wherein, the construction process of the river cross-section function is shown as follows.

[0084] The main control device is used to construct a river channel cross-sectional function, and based on the river channel cross-sectional function, calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point, wherein the measuring point is the placement point of the measuring device; in specific implementation, the river channel cross-sectional function is used to characterize the relationship between the radius of the first pipeline 10 and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first pipeline 10 is πr 2 Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be expressed by the cross-sectional area of ​​the first pipe. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first pipe 10 can be used to express the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel at different distances from the starting point of the reservoir (i.e., A(r) = πr 2 ), and then use the integration method to sum and take the average to get the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river.

[0085] Of course, the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point can be regarded as several times the radius of the first pipeline 10. In this case, the following formula (3) can be used to calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel.

[0086]

[0087] In the above formula (3), represents the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represents the distance between the starting point of the reservoir area of ​​the hydropower station and the measuring point, A(r) represents the cross-sectional function of the river channel, and r represents the radius of the first pipeline 10, and q represents the ratio of the distance between the starting point of the reservoir area of ​​the hydropower station to the measuring point and r, that is, a ratio constant.

[0088] Thus, based on the above formula (3), the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point can be calculated.

[0089] Finally, the main control device can be used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river, that is, the product of the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river is used as the flow rate of the river at the measuring point; at the same time, since what is measured is not the flow rate of the river at the measuring point, but the flow rate between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point, the product of the aforementioned average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river actually results in the flow rate of the river at the measuring point; based on this, it is necessary to multiply it by qr (that is, multiply it by the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point) to obtain the flow rate between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point.

[0090] Therefore, the calculation formula for the flow of a river within a preset time period is essentially:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, Q represents the flow rate of the river within the preset time period.

[0093] Through the above-mentioned detailed description of the structure and working principle of the measuring equipment, the present invention reduces the influence of media such as silt on flow velocity measurement through the active measurement method of pumping backwash. At the same time, the river slope is introduced into the flow velocity measurement process to obtain the real flow velocity of the river, and based on this, the average speed of the river is obtained; then, by constructing the river cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the reservoir area and the measuring point is obtained, so that the influence of the irregularity of the river on the flow measurement can be reduced; finally, according to the average speed and the average cross-sectional area, the real flow of the river can be obtained; thus, the present invention solves the influence of factors such as uneven instantaneous flow velocity, river slope and irregular river on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity measurement and flow measurement of the runoff hydropower station river; therefore, it is very suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, the second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station, wherein the method is executed based on the main control device in the measuring device for the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station described in the first aspect of the embodiment, and the operating steps of the method can be but are not limited to the following steps S1 to S6.

[0095] S1. Obtain the river channel slope value, the rated pumping rate of the water pump 30 and the speed measurement data of the speed meter 40 within a preset time period, wherein the speed measurement data includes the speed measurement values ​​at each time within the preset time period.

[0096] S2. Determine several horizontal flow velocities of the river in the horizontal direction according to the rated pumping rate and the speed measurement data, wherein each horizontal flow velocity corresponds to a moment; in specific implementation, for example but not limited to, the difference between the rated pumping rate and the speed measurement value at each moment in the speed measurement data is used as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each moment.

[0097] After obtaining the horizontal flow velocity of the river at different times, the actual flow velocity of the river at each time can be calculated in combination with the river slope value; wherein the calculation process can be but is not limited to as shown in the following step S3.

[0098] S3. Based on the river slope value and several horizontal flow rates, the actual flow rate of the river at each moment is calculated. In this embodiment, any moment is taken as an example to illustrate the calculation process of the actual flow rate, wherein, for any moment, the actual flow rate of the river at any moment can be calculated according to the following formula (1) but is not limited thereto.

[0099]

[0100] In the above formula (1), represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any time, V ft represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any time, and θ represents the slope value of the river.

[0101] In this way, after obtaining the actual flow velocity of the river at each time based on the aforementioned step S3, the average flow velocity can be calculated, and the calculation process is shown in the following step S4.

[0102] S4. Using the actual flow velocity at each moment, determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period; in specific implementation, for example, but not limited to, the following formula (2) can be used to calculate the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period.

[0103]

[0104] In the above formula (2), It represents the average flow velocity of the river in the preset time, t 0 ,t n represents the starting time and the ending time of the preset duration, V fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at the tth moment within the preset time length.

[0105] Therefore, after calculating the average flow velocity of the river channel based on the aforementioned formula (2), it is also necessary to construct a river channel cross-sectional function so as to reduce the impact of river channel irregularities on flow measurement based on this; wherein, the process of constructing the river channel cross-sectional function and the process of calculating the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be but is not limited to as shown in the following step S5.

[0106] S5. Construct a river channel cross-sectional function, and based on the river channel cross-sectional function, calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point, wherein the measuring point is the placement point of the measuring device; in this embodiment, the river channel cross-sectional function can be expressed as A(r)=πr 2 .

[0107] Thus, on this basis, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be calculated by, for example but not limited to, the following formula (3).

[0108]

[0109] In the above formula (3), represents the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represents the distance between the starting point of the reservoir area of ​​the hydropower station and the measuring point, A(r) represents the cross-sectional function of the river channel, r represents the radius of the first pipeline 10, and q represents the ratio of the distance between the starting point of the reservoir area of ​​the hydropower station to the measuring point and r.

[0110] In this way, after calculating the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point through the aforementioned formula (3), the flow of the river in the river channel can be calculated in combination with the aforementioned average flow velocity. The process is shown in the following step S6.

[0111] S6. Calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river. In this embodiment, for example, but not limited to, the product of the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river is used as the flow rate of the river at the measuring point, and then multiplied by qr to obtain the flow rate of the river within the preset time period.

[0112] Therefore, through the aforementioned steps S1 to S6, the actual flow of the river can be calculated; of course, the working details and technical effects of the method provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] like Figure 4 As shown, the third aspect of this embodiment provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a transceiver that are communicatively connected in sequence, wherein the memory is used to store computer programs, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program to execute the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of the embodiment.

[0114] For example, the memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, first-in-first-out memory (FIFO) and / or first-in-last-out memory (FILO), etc. Specifically, the processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). At the same time, the processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state.

[0115] In some embodiments, the processor may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. For example, the processor may not be limited to a microprocessor of the STM32F105 series, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessor, an X86 or other architecture processor, or a processor with an integrated embedded neural network processor (NPU); the transceiver may be, but is not limited to, a wireless fidelity (WIFI) wireless transceiver, a Bluetooth wireless transceiver, a general packet radio service technology (Genera l Packet Rad ioService, GPRS) wireless transceiver, a ZigBee protocol (a low-power LAN protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, ZigBee) wireless transceiver, a 3G transceiver, a 4G transceiver and / or a 5G transceiver, etc. In addition, the device may also include, but is not limited to, a power module, a display screen and other necessary components.

[0116] The working process, working details and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first and second aspects of the embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0117] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a storage medium storing instructions for the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of the embodiment, that is, the storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are run on a computer, the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of the embodiment is executed.

[0118] The storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, which may include but is not limited to a floppy disk, a CD, a hard disk, a flash memory, a USB flash drive and / or a memory stick, etc. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0119] The working process, working details and technical effects of the storage medium provided in this embodiment can be found in the first and second aspects of the embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0120] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of the embodiment, wherein the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the flow of a river in a run-of-river hydropower station, characterized in that: The measuring device is placed in the river channel of the hydropower station, and the measuring device includes: A first pipeline (10) and a second pipeline (20), wherein the first pipeline (10) is placed horizontally, the second pipeline (20) penetrates the first pipeline (10) in a vertical direction, and two through holes are arranged opposite to each other at a portion of the second pipeline (20) located inside the first pipeline (10), and the two through holes are arranged sequentially in a horizontal direction; A velocimeter (40) and a water pump (30) are sequentially arranged in the first pipeline (10) along the flow direction of the river, wherein the water outlet of the water pump (30) faces the velocimeter (40), and the rated pumping rate of the water pump (30) is greater than the flow rate of the river in the river channel; a main control device, the main control device being electrically connected to the speed meter (40) and the water pump (30), wherein when the measuring device is working, the main control device controls the water pump (30) to pump water into the speed meter (40), so as to obtain speed measurement data of the speed meter (40) within a preset time period, and the speed measurement data includes speed measurement values ​​at various moments within the preset time period; The main control device is used to determine the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments in the horizontal direction according to the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, and calculate the actual flow velocity of the river at various moments based on the river slope value and the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments, so as to determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period according to each actual flow velocity; A main control device is used to construct a river section function and calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point based on the river section function, wherein the measuring point is the placement point of the measuring device; The main control device is also used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river.

2. The device for measuring the flow of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipe (10) is also provided with a level gauge.

3. The device for measuring the flow of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pipe (20) is also provided with a water depth gauge.

4. The device for measuring the flow rate of a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the first pipe (10) and the radius of the second pipe (20) are the same, wherein the length of the first pipe (10) is nr, where n represents a positive number and r represents the radius of the first pipe (10).

5. The device for measuring the flow rate of a river channel of a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the first pipeline (10) is 12r, wherein the water pump (30) is arranged at a position of 8r to 10r in the first pipeline (10), and the speed meter (40) is arranged at a position of 4r to 6r in the first pipeline (10).

6. A method for measuring the flow of a river in a run-of-river hydropower station, characterized in that: The method is executed based on the main control device in the measuring device of the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises: Obtaining a river channel slope value, a rated pumping rate of a water pump (30), and speed measurement data of a speed meter (40) within a preset time period, wherein the speed measurement data includes speed measurement values ​​at each time within the preset time period; Determine a plurality of horizontal flow velocities of the river in the horizontal direction according to the rated pumping rate and the measured velocity data, wherein each horizontal flow velocity corresponds to a moment; Based on the river channel slope value and a number of horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river channel at each time is calculated; Using the actual flow velocity at each time, the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period is determined; Constructing a river channel cross-sectional function, and based on the river channel cross-sectional function, calculating the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point, wherein the measuring point is the placement point of the measuring device; The flow rate of the river in the river within a preset time period is calculated using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that According to the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, several horizontal flow velocities of the river in the horizontal direction are determined, including: The difference between the rated pumping rate and the measured speed value at each moment in the speed measurement data is used as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each moment.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Based on the river slope value and several horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river at each time is calculated, including: At any time, the actual flow velocity of the river at any time is calculated according to the following formula (1); In the above formula (1), represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any time, V ft represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any time, and θ represents the slope value of the river.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Using the actual flow rate at each time, the average flow rate of the river within a preset time period is determined, including: According to the following formula (2), the average flow velocity of the river in the river channel within a preset time period is calculated; In the above formula (2), V represents the average flow velocity of the river in the preset time, t0,t n represents the starting time and the ending time of the preset duration, V fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at the tth moment within the preset time length.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Based on the river section function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point is calculated, including: According to the following formula (3), the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is calculated; In the above formula (3), A represents the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represents the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point, and A(r) represents the cross-sectional function of the river channel, wherein r represents the radius of the first pipeline (10), and q represents the ratio of the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measuring point to r.

Images