Wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method and wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system

Abstract

The invention provides a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method and a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method comprises the following steps: predicting the wind power, the hydrogen load and the electricity price of a wind power plant in a wind power hydrogen production system in a future time period; and based on the predicted wind power, the predicted hydrogen consumption load and the predicted electricity price, determining energy scheduling among a plurality of components in the wind power hydrogen production system, so that at least one of the net income and the renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within the predetermined time period is maximum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wind power technology, and more specifically, to a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method and a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system. Background Art

[0002] At present, converting renewable energy such as wind and solar power into hydrogen energy through water electrolysis has become the focus of current research.

[0003] Traditional water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is connected to the power grid. The system operates under stable power supply conditions and belongs to the "source follows load" operation mode. The source of hydrogen production electricity cannot be defined as "green electricity", and true carbon reduction cannot be achieved. In the wind power hydrogen production system, the supply of electricity is volatile, intermittent, and random. The power supply is no longer stable. The electrolyzer as a load needs to have load regulation capabilities and can fluctuate with the power supply fluctuations. The electricity for hydrogen production comes entirely from renewable energy, and the system operation mode becomes "source-load interaction", thereby obtaining true green hydrogen and achieving the purpose of carbon reduction; at the same time, through source-load interaction, the fluctuating power of renewable energy can be targeted and the grid-connected power curve of renewable energy can be smoothed.

[0004] The wind power production, storage and hydrogen consumption system based on the "source-load interaction" mode has random wind energy as input and hydrogen consumption load on the demand side, which is also randomly variable. The system exhibits the characteristics of random fluctuations in energy on both the supply and demand sides, and there is a mismatch between demand and production. How to solve this dual random balance matching of energy is one of the difficulties of wind power hydrogen production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method and a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system.

[0006] In a general aspect, a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method is provided, the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method comprising: predicting the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of a wind farm in the wind power hydrogen production system in a future time period; based on the predicted wind power, predicted hydrogen load and predicted electricity price, determining the scheduling of energy between multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system so that at least one of the net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system in a predetermined time period is maximized.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of components include a chemical energy storage device and a hydrogen production device, the chemical energy storage device being used to store electrical energy from the wind farm, release the electrical energy to a power grid and / or release the electrical energy to the hydrogen production device.

[0008] Optionally, the wind power hydrogen production system is a two-sided energy fluctuation system, wherein, in the operational constraints of the scheduling model for determining the scheduling of the energy, the energy fluctuations in the two-sided energy fluctuation system include wind power fluctuations and hydrogen load fluctuations.

[0009] Optionally, the scheduling model determines the operating status of the multiple components based on bilateral energy forecasting, load management, and hydrogen storage depth.

[0010] Optionally, the scheduling includes: in response to the wind power being greater than the sum of the grid dispatching power of the wind farm and the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment, using at least a portion of the wind power to charge the chemical energy storage device; and / or in response to the wind power being less than the sum of the grid dispatching power of the wind farm and the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment, discharging the chemical energy storage device for hydrogen production by the hydrogen production equipment and / or providing primary frequency modulation to the grid.

[0011] Optionally, the chemical energy storage device includes a battery, wherein when the charge of the battery reaches a first charge threshold, charging of the battery is stopped, and when the charge of the battery reaches a second charge threshold, discharging of the battery is stopped.

[0012] Optionally, the plurality of components include a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen-consuming load, wherein the hydrogen production device is used to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device is used to receive hydrogen from the hydrogen production device and provide the hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming load.

[0013] Optionally, the scheduling includes: in response to wind power being greater than a first wind power threshold, increasing the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment, selling electricity to the power grid, storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage device, and providing hydrogen to hydrogen-using loads; and / or in response to wind power being less than a second wind power threshold, providing hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device to hydrogen-using loads, discharging the chemical energy storage device for hydrogen production by the hydrogen production equipment, and / or using the hydrogen production equipment to produce hydrogen by purchasing electricity from the power grid, wherein the second wind power threshold is less than the first wind power threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the scheduling includes: in response to insufficient hydrogen capacity of the hydrogen storage device when grid-connected wind power is used to produce hydrogen, using hydrogen production equipment to produce hydrogen using valley electricity or purchased electricity.

[0015] Optionally, the future time period includes a first time period and a second time period, wherein the step of determining the scheduling includes: predicting the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the first time period based on the measured values ​​of actual wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price in the time period that has occurred before the first time period; determining the scheduling of energy between the multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system based on the predicted wind power in the first time period, the predicted hydrogen load in the first time period and the predicted electricity price in the first time period, the predicted wind power in the predicted wind power in the future time period, the predicted hydrogen load in the predicted hydrogen load in the future time period and the predicted electricity price in the predicted electricity price in the future time period, so that the scheduling satisfies at least one of the maximum of the net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system in the predetermined time period under the operating constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0016] In a general aspect, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program is provided, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, any wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method as described above is implemented.

[0017] In a general aspect, a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system is provided, characterized in that the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system comprises: a processor; a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program implements any wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method as described above when executed by the processor.

[0018] In a general aspect, a wind power hydrogen production system is provided, the wind power hydrogen production system comprising: a wind farm configured to generate electricity based on wind power; a hydrogen production device configured to produce hydrogen based on electric energy from the wind farm; a hydrogen storage device for receiving hydrogen from the hydrogen production device and providing hydrogen to a hydrogen-using load; a hydrogen-using load configured to use the hydrogen provided from the hydrogen storage device; a chemical energy storage device configured to store electric energy from the wind farm, release the electric energy to a power grid and / or release the electric energy to the hydrogen production device; and a controller configured to: predict the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in a future period; determine the scheduling of energy between the hydrogen production device, the hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen load and the chemical energy storage device based on the predicted wind power, the predicted hydrogen load and the predicted electricity price, so that at least one of the net profit and the renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within a predetermined period is maximized.

[0019] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, since a chemical energy storage device that can be used to store electricity from a wind farm, release the electricity to a power grid and / or release the electricity to a hydrogen production device is configured in the wind power hydrogen production system, it is possible to improve the dynamic power mismatch problem caused by the slow dynamic response of the hydrogen production equipment, and also improve the problem that the hydrogen production equipment cannot absorb excess wind power in real time.

[0020] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, chemical energy storage devices are used to reasonably schedule energy in a wind power hydrogen production system, so that energy fluctuations on both sides of the wind power hydrogen production system are reduced, which helps the wind power hydrogen production system to operate efficiently.

[0021] According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, since the battery can operate within a predetermined charge amount threshold range, damage to the battery can be reduced and the battery can be better protected.

[0022] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, by configuring a hydrogen storage device in a wind power hydrogen production system, the throughput of the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage device can be utilized to improve the imbalance problem between fluctuating wind energy and hydrogen load demand.

[0023] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, when the wind turbine output of a wind farm is large, the hydrogen production equipment can produce a large amount of hydrogen and store it in a hydrogen storage device, and / or sell electricity to the power grid; when the wind turbine output is insufficient, the surplus hydrogen storage can be used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen load, which helps to maximize the economic benefits of the wind power hydrogen production system and maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0024] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, when the storage tank capacity is insufficient when grid-connected wind power is used to produce hydrogen, valley power can be used to produce hydrogen or electricity can be purchased to produce hydrogen as needed, thereby solving the problem of energy imbalance over a large time scale and ensuring hydrogen demand.

[0025] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, since both relatively accurate wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price regarded as a short-term forecast or an ultra-short-term forecast and wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price regarded as a relatively long-term forecast with a relatively large time scale can be considered to determine the scheduling of energy between multiple components in a wind power hydrogen production system, at least one of the net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within a predetermined period can be maximized on a relatively large time scale with relatively high accuracy.

[0026] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the predicted wind power and hydrogen demand in a certain period of time in the future, combined with the throughput of hydrogen storage and energy storage, wind power can be scheduled for grid connection or hydrogen production to achieve maximum economic benefits under the conditions of grid constraints.

[0027] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system based on "source-load interaction" can make rolling forecasts of wind energy for multiple days in the future and several hours within a day (for example but not limited to 4 hours), solving the problem of inability to evaluate input energy.

[0028] According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the final optimal scheduling can be determined based on the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price corresponding to the ultra-short-term forecast and the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price corresponding to the remaining forecasts in the day-ahead forecast except the ultra-short-term forecast. Therefore, the scheduling is determined by combining the day-ahead scheduling of a relatively large time scale and the relatively high-precision intra-day rolling scheduling, so that the economic benefits of system operation and / or the utilization of green hydrogen can be maximized on a relatively large time scale.

[0029] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system can make decisions based on market information, energy demand, operating constraints and other conditions, and coordinate and control the orderly and stable operation of wind turbines, hydrogen production devices, hydrogen storage devices and energy storage systems as a whole, to ensure the continuous and reliable operation of the wind power hydrogen production system, and to improve the economy of the system as much as possible and achieve the purpose of maximizing the use of renewable energy for hydrogen production.

[0030] According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, by calculating the scheduling algorithm and considering the storage capacity of energy storage and hydrogen storage, under the premise of meeting the grid power limit, the power instructions for grid connection, energy storage, and hydrogen production in a certain period of time can be given as the operating boundary of source-load interactive control. From a specific time scale (for example, but not limited to a time scale of 4 hours to 1 day or even 3 days), energy transfer from wind energy to electricity or hydrogen energy is carried out to maximize the economic benefits of system operation and maximize the utilization of green hydrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The above and other objects and features of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which exemplarily illustrate an example, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a method for dispatching wind power hydrogen production energy according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for determining a schedule at each time scale according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 3 A block diagram of a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0035] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a wind power hydrogen production system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0036] Figure 5 A diagram illustrating an example of an energy scheduling method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing an energy scheduling method model according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Hereinafter, various example embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These example embodiments are provided to specifically describe the technical ideas of the disclosed concept, but are not intended to restrict the scope of the disclosed concept. It should be understood that all modifications that can be easily obtained by those skilled in the art from this specification and these example embodiments fall within the scope of the disclosed concept.

[0039] It will be understood that when the term “comprising” is used in this specification, it specifies the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0040] It will also be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or part from another element, component, region, layer or part. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. When a statement such as "at least one of..." follows a column of elements, the statement modifies the entire column of elements, rather than modifying a single element of the column.

[0041] Figure 1 A flow chart of a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 In step S110, the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the wind power hydrogen production system in the future period can be predicted.

[0043] Various existing technologies can be used to respectively predict the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of a wind farm in a wind power hydrogen production system. For example, as an example only, the wind power of a wind farm in a wind power hydrogen production system can be predicted based on weather forecasts and historical wind power data. For example, as an example only, the hydrogen load can be predicted based on historical hydrogen load and / or a future hydrogen load schedule. For example, as an example only, the electricity price can be predicted based on historical electricity prices. Here, the electricity price may include at least one of the electricity purchase price and the electricity sales price.

[0044] In addition, the future time period may be any time period. For example, the future time period may include but is not limited to 3 days before the date, 1 day before the date, within 4 hours of the day, etc.

[0045] In step S120, the energy scheduling between multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system can be determined based on the predicted wind power, the predicted hydrogen load and the predicted electricity price, so that at least one of the net income and the renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system in a predetermined period is maximized. Figure 4 , which is used to determine the energy scheduling model such as Figure 6 As shown, the optimization objectives of the dispatch model include at least one of maximizing daily net revenue and maximizing renewable energy consumption rate.

[0046] In addition, the wind power hydrogen production system can be a double-sided energy fluctuation system. In the operation constraints of the scheduling model, the energy fluctuations in the double-sided energy fluctuation system include wind power fluctuations and hydrogen load fluctuations. The operation constraints may include one or more constraints and / or one or more conditions to be described later. The scheduling model can decide the operating status of multiple components based on double-sided energy prediction, load management, and hydrogen storage depth. Figure 6 A more specific description is given.

[0047] In an example where the net income within the predetermined period corresponds to the daily net income, the maximum daily net income can be expressed by the following formula (1):

[0048]

[0049] In formula (1), maxB net It can represent the maximum daily net profit, and T can represent the index of multiple time periods within a day. It can represent the net profit in period t.

[0050] In one example, the net income for period t is It is composed of electricity sales revenue, hydrogen sales revenue, wind turbine operation and maintenance costs, electricity purchase costs, and hydrogen production equipment operation and maintenance costs. Its objective function expression is shown in the following formula (2):

[0051]

[0052] In formula (2), It can represent the revenue from hydrogen sales. It can represent the income from electricity sales. It can represent the cost of purchasing electricity. It can represent the operation and maintenance cost of hydrogen production equipment. It can represent the operation and maintenance cost of wind turbine.

[0053] In one embodiment, multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system may include a chemical energy storage device and a hydrogen production device. The chemical energy storage device can be used to store electrical energy from the wind farm, release the electrical energy to the power grid and / or release the electrical energy to the hydrogen production device. Since a chemical energy storage device that can be used to store electrical energy from the wind farm, release the electrical energy to the power grid and / or release the electrical energy to the hydrogen production device is configured in the wind power hydrogen production system, the dynamic power mismatch problem caused by the slow dynamic response of the hydrogen production device can be improved, and the problem that the hydrogen production device cannot absorb excess wind power in real time can also be improved.

[0054] For example, the scheduling of energy can be determined based on the relationship between the predicted wind power of the wind farm and "the sum of the power of the grid dispatching power of the wind farm and the power of the hydrogen production equipment". In one example, in response to the wind power being greater than the sum of the power of the grid dispatching power of the wind farm and the power of the hydrogen production equipment, at least a portion of the wind power can be used to charge the chemical energy storage device. In another example, in response to the wind power being less than the sum of the power of the grid dispatching power of the wind farm and the power of the hydrogen production equipment, the chemical energy storage device is discharged for hydrogen production by the hydrogen production equipment and / or to provide primary frequency modulation to the power grid. It should be understood that the above examples can be combined in various ways. By using a chemical energy storage device to reasonably schedule the energy in the wind power hydrogen production system, the energy fluctuations on both sides of the wind power hydrogen production system are reduced, which helps to facilitate the efficient operation of the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0055] As an example only, the chemical energy storage device may include but is not limited to a battery. In this example, when the charge of the battery reaches a first charge threshold, charging of the battery is stopped, and when the charge of the battery reaches a second charge threshold, discharging of the battery is stopped. Since the battery can operate within a predetermined charge threshold range, damage to the battery can be reduced and the battery can be better protected.

[0056] In an embodiment where multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system may include a chemical energy storage device and a hydrogen production device, the net benefit of time period t It is composed of electricity sales revenue, hydrogen sales revenue, wind turbine operation and maintenance costs, electricity purchase costs, hydrogen production equipment operation and maintenance costs, and chemical energy storage device operation and maintenance costs. Its objective function expression is shown in the following formula (3):

[0057]

[0058] In formula (3), It can represent the operation and maintenance cost of chemical energy storage devices.

[0059] In another embodiment, the multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system may include a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, and a hydrogen load, wherein the hydrogen production device is used to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device is used to receive hydrogen from the hydrogen production device and provide hydrogen to the hydrogen load. In other words, the hydrogen storage device may have a throughput capacity of the hydrogen storage capacity. Therefore, by configuring a hydrogen storage device in the wind power hydrogen production system, the throughput of the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage device can be used to improve the imbalance problem between the fluctuating wind energy and the hydrogen load demand.

[0060] For example, the scheduling of energy can be determined based on the predicted power size of the wind farm. In one example, in response to the wind power being greater than the first wind power threshold, the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment is increased, electricity is sold to the power grid, hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage device, and / or hydrogen is provided to the hydrogen load. In another example, in response to the wind power being less than the second wind power threshold, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device is provided to the hydrogen load, the chemical energy storage device is discharged for hydrogen production by the hydrogen production equipment, and / or hydrogen is produced by using the hydrogen production equipment by purchasing electricity from the power grid, wherein the second wind power threshold is less than the first wind power threshold. It should be understood that the above examples can be combined in various ways. Therefore, when the wind turbine output of the wind farm is large, the hydrogen production equipment can produce a large amount of hydrogen and store it in the hydrogen storage device; when the wind turbine output is insufficient, the hydrogen storage surplus can be used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen load, which helps to maximize the economic benefits of the wind power hydrogen production system and maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0061] In this example, the net income for period t is It is composed of electricity sales revenue, hydrogen sales revenue, wind turbine operation and maintenance costs, electricity purchase costs, hydrogen production equipment operation and maintenance costs, and hydrogen storage operation and maintenance costs. Its objective function expression is shown in the following formula (4):

[0062]

[0063] In formula (3), It can represent the operation and maintenance cost of hydrogen storage.

[0064] The maximum renewable energy consumption rate can be expressed by the following formula (5):

[0065]

[0066] in, is the wind power generation in period t (kWh), is the electricity sales in period t (kWh), is the electricity consumption of the hydrogen production equipment during period t (kWh).

[0067] In addition, in an embodiment where multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system may include a chemical energy storage device, the maximum renewable energy consumption rate may be expressed by the following formula (6):

[0068]

[0069] in, is the charging capacity of the chemical energy storage device during period t (kWh).

[0070] In addition, in one embodiment, the determined energy scheduling may include: in response to the insufficient capacity of the hydrogen storage device when the grid-connected wind power is used to produce hydrogen, the hydrogen production equipment is used to produce hydrogen by using valley electricity or purchased electricity. That is, when the storage tank capacity is insufficient when the grid-connected wind power is used to produce hydrogen, valley electricity or purchased electricity can be used as needed to produce hydrogen, thereby solving the problem of energy imbalance within a large time scale.

[0071] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for determining a schedule according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0072] exist Figure 2 In the method for determining energy scheduling according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure shown in , the future period may include a first period and a second period. For example, as an example only, the future period may correspond to multiple days in the future (for example, as an example only, one day in the future), the first period may correspond to a sub-time period within the multiple days in the future (for example, as an example only, 4 hours within a day), and the second period may correspond to other periods within the multiple days in the future except the first period.

[0073] Reference Figure 2 In step S210, the wind power of the wind farm in the first time period may be predicted based on the measured values ​​of the actual wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price in the time period that has occurred before the first time period.

[0074] Since the first period is shorter than the future period, compared with the predicted wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the future period, the forecast of wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the first period can be regarded as a short-term forecast or an ultra-short-term forecast, and has a relatively high forecast accuracy.

[0075] In step S220, the energy scheduling between multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system can be determined based on the predicted wind power in the first time period, the predicted hydrogen load in the first time period and the predicted electricity price in the first time period, the predicted wind power in the second time period in the predicted wind power in the future time period, the predicted hydrogen load in the second time period in the predicted hydrogen load in the future time period and the predicted electricity price in the second time period in the predicted electricity price in the future time period, so that the scheduling satisfies at least one of the maximum net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system in a predetermined time period under the operating constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0076] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, since both relatively accurate wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price regarded as a short-term forecast or an ultra-short-term forecast and wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price regarded as a relatively long-term forecast with a relatively large time scale can be considered to determine the scheduling of energy between multiple components in a wind power hydrogen production system, at least one of the net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within a predetermined period can be maximized on a relatively large time scale with relatively high accuracy.

[0077] In one example, the operation constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system may include the upper and lower grid constraints of the wind farm. The upper and lower grid constraints may be expressed by the following formulas 7 to 11:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] in, For Internet access power, Predict the maximum power generation for the wind turbine, is the grid power, For online status, In offline state, S T %、B T % are the upper limits of the percentage of the total on-grid and off-grid electricity consumed in the whole year broken down into future periods (e.g., three days).

[0084] Optionally, the operation constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system may also include power balance. The power balance can be expressed by the following formula 12: P wt =P grid +P bat，ch +P el +P waste Formula (12)

[0085] Among them, P wt It can represent the wind power of the wind farm, P grid Can represent the online power, P el Can represent hydrogen production power, P bat It can represent the power of chemical energy storage device, P waste It can represent the wind power abandoned.

[0086] Optionally, the operation constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system may also include the operation boundaries of the wind turbines in the wind farm. The operation boundaries of the wind turbines can be expressed by formula 13:

[0087] 0<P wt ≤P wtmax Formula (13)

[0088] Among them, P wtmax Predict the maximum power of the wind turbine, P wt is the optimal operating power of the wind turbine.

[0089] Optionally, the operation constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system may further include the operation boundary of the hydrogen production equipment. The operation boundary of the hydrogen production equipment may include a hot standby state (STANDBY), a normal operation state (RUN) and a shutdown state (CLOSE). As an example only, the hot standby state, the normal operation state and the shutdown state may be represented by Formulas 14 to 16, respectively:

[0090] 0<P el ≤x%P elmax Formula (14)

[0091] x%P elmax <P el ≤P elmax Formula (15)

[0092] P el =0 Formula (16)

[0093] Among them, P el It can represent the power of hydrogen production equipment, P elmax may represent the maximum power of the hydrogen production equipment, and x may represent a predetermined value.

[0094] Optionally, when the wind power hydrogen production system includes a hydrogen storage device, the operation constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system may also include a hydrogen storage operation boundary. As an example only, the hydrogen storage operation boundary may be expressed by Formula 17 and Formula 18:

[0095] SOCH min ≤SOCH(t)≤SOCH max Formula (17)

[0096]

[0097] Among them, SOCH min It can represent the minimum hydrogen storage depth of the hydrogen storage device. SOCH(t) can represent the hydrogen storage depth of the hydrogen storage device. SOCH max It can indicate the maximum hydrogen storage depth of the hydrogen storage device, Q H2sto (t) can represent the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage device, Q H2sto-max(t) can represent the maximum hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage device.

[0098] The hydrogen storage device can use gaseous hydrogen storage, and its hydrogen storage capacity is expressed by the following formulas 19 to 22:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] Q H2sp (t0+Δt)=Q H2sto-max -Q H2sto (t0+Δt) Formula (22)

[0103] Among them, Q H2sto (t0) is the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank at time t0, in Nm3, and Δt is the time interval; Q is the net air intake rate at time t, in Nm3 / min. H2space (t0+Δt) is the remaining storage space of the hydrogen storage tank at the time t0+Δt, in Nm3.

[0104] Optionally, when the wind power hydrogen production system includes a chemical energy storage device, the operation constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system may further include an operation boundary of the chemical energy storage device.

[0105] According to the charge status of the chemical energy storage device and the load demand at that time, the chemical energy storage device can work in the charging mode and the discharging mode. The charging and discharging processes of the chemical energy storage device cannot be carried out at the same time. In order to protect the chemical energy storage device, when the charge (SOC) of the chemical energy storage device exceeds the first charge threshold (for example, 80%), charging should be stopped; when the SOC of the chemical energy storage device is less than the second charge threshold (for example, 20%), discharging should be stopped, because overcharging or overdischarging can cause great damage to the chemical energy storage device.

[0106] As an example only, the chemical energy storage device operating boundary can be expressed by equations 23 to 26:

[0107] SOC min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC max Formula (23)

[0108]

[0109] 0≤P ch (t)≤P chmax Formula (25)

[0110] 0≤P disch (t)≤Pdischmax Formula (26)

[0111] Among them, SOC min and SOC max are the upper and lower limits of the state of charge of the chemical energy storage device; P chmax is the maximum charging power of the chemical energy storage device; E bat (t) is the current storage capacity of the chemical energy storage device, E batmax is the capacity of the chemical energy storage device; P dischmax is the maximum discharge power; η ch is the charging efficiency; η disc is the discharge efficiency; Δt is the time step; P ch (t) is the charging power, P disch (t) is the discharge power.

[0112] Figure 3 A block diagram of a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0113] Reference Figure 3 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system 400 may include a processor 310 and a memory 320. Here, the memory 320 stores a computer program, wherein the computer program implements any wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method of the present disclosure when executed by the processor 310. For the sake of simplicity, any wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method described with reference to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and executed by the processor 310 will not be repeatedly described here.

[0114] Figure 4 A block diagram of a wind power hydrogen production system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0115] Reference Figure 4 The wind power hydrogen production system may include a wind farm, a hydrogen storage device (eg, a hydrogen production electrolyzer), a hydrogen load, a chemical energy storage device (eg, an energy storage battery), and a controller. The controller may be various processors (eg, a central processing unit).

[0116] The wind farm can generate electricity based on wind power. The hydrogen production equipment can produce hydrogen based on the electric energy from the wind farm. The hydrogen storage device can receive hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and provide hydrogen to the hydrogen load. The hydrogen load can use the hydrogen provided by the hydrogen storage device. The chemical energy storage device can store the electric energy from the wind farm, release the electric energy to the power grid and / or release the electric energy to the hydrogen production equipment. The controller can predict the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the future period, and based on the predicted wind power, predicted hydrogen load and predicted electricity price, determine the energy scheduling between the hydrogen production equipment, the hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen load and the chemical energy storage device, so that at least one of the net income and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within a predetermined period is maximized. That is, the controller can execute the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method corresponding to the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system according to the example embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0117] The wind farm, hydrogen production device, and energy storage battery can be physically connected through a collector line (e.g., a 35kV collector line). The wind turbines of the wind farm can be connected to the collector line through a transformer of the collector line; the hydrogen production and energy storage devices are connected to the collector line through a power converter (AC / DC) and a step-down transformer.

[0118] Optionally, the wind power hydrogen production system may also include a source-load interaction controller. In one example, the wind power hydrogen production system may be based on "source-load interaction". The source-load interaction controller communicates with the wind turbines, hydrogen production master control, and energy storage process control system of the wind farm through a high-speed optical fiber communication network to exchange information. This module is mainly responsible for power distribution and tracking during the system operation process and belongs to the lower real-time power control layer.

[0119] The hydrogen production energy dispatching system is the upper energy management layer of wind power hydrogen production. Combined with the throughput of hydrogen storage and energy storage, it can dispatch energy over a large time scale and provide the system's operating boundary for the lower power control layer. The hydrogen production energy dispatching system can dispatch or control the working status of hydrogen production devices, energy storage batteries, hydrogen storage devices, and source-load interactive controllers. For example, the day-ahead energy dispatching layer and the intraday rolling dispatching layer in the hydrogen production energy dispatching system can dispatch the working status of hydrogen production devices, energy storage batteries, and hydrogen storage devices. The intraday real-time dispatching layer in the hydrogen production energy dispatching system can dispatch the working status of the source-load interactive controller.

[0120] In addition, by adjusting the working power of hydrogen production equipment and tracking the output power of wind power in real time, green electricity can be converted into green hydrogen. Based on the predicted wind power and hydrogen demand in a certain period of time in the future, combined with the throughput of hydrogen storage and energy storage, wind power can be connected to the grid or dispatched for hydrogen production to maximize economic benefits under the conditions of grid access constraints.

[0121] The energy dispatch of the hydrogen production system is divided into day-ahead dispatch and intraday rolling dispatch. Day-ahead optimization is to optimize D-day on D-1, or even D+1 and D+2, and intraday optimization is to optimize D-day within D-day.

[0122] The day-ahead optimization decision can give priority to satisfying the system power balance, energy balance, maximum absorption of renewable energy and the economy of system operation, and secondly satisfying the grid-connected power plan. In order to avoid the situation where, for example, the hydrogen load is large and the wind power is small on the third day, and the hydrogen storage tank and battery are insufficient on the third day, and the hydrogen demand can only be met by purchasing a large amount of electricity from the external power grid, a rolling day-ahead optimization is performed 3 days in advance. The specific process is to predict the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price at each predetermined interval (for example, 15 minutes as an example only) on D-1 day, D+1 day and D+2 day; then, on the premise of satisfying the power balance and energy balance of each time period, the energy is reasonably transported through hydrogen storage tanks and batteries, and the time for purchasing electricity for hydrogen production and purchasing electricity for energy storage is reasonably planned according to the changes in electricity prices; on D day, D+1 day, D+2 day and D+3 day are optimized 3 days in advance, and the production plan and electricity purchase and sales plan of the rolling decision system are made.

[0123] The intraday optimization decision is made within the D day, with the current time to the end time of the D day (23:45) as the optimization period. Based on the actual wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price measurements in the past period, the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price in the future period are predicted in the ultra-short term, and the ultra-short term prediction period is 4 hours.

[0124] More specifically, in order to solve the scheduling of large time scales, the energy scheduling system of the hydrogen production system can perform rolling optimization on the scheduling of the three days before the day. For example, on the third day, the hydrogen load is large and the wind power is small. At the same time, on the third day, the hydrogen storage tank and the battery are insufficient, and the hydrogen demand can only be met by purchasing a large amount of electricity from the external power grid. In order to avoid this, a rolling day-ahead optimization is performed three days in advance. The minimum granularity of the rolling day-ahead optimization is 15 minutes, with a total of 288 time periods. The optimization results of the first day (the first 96 time periods) of the three-day optimization results are used as the day-ahead optimization results of the next day, and guidance is given to the production plan of the next day. The next day's online power curve that needs to be reported to the power grid is formulated. This method also includes a rolling optimization strategy for 24 hours before the day.

[0125] On the day of dispatch, ultra-short-term forecasts of wind power, hydrogen load and electricity prices in the future can be made based on the measured values ​​of actual wind power, hydrogen load and electricity prices in the existing time period. The ultra-short-term forecast cycle is 4 hours, with a total of 16 time periods.

[0126] Therefore, the wind power hydrogen production energy dispatching system based on "source-load interaction" can make rolling forecasts of wind energy for multiple days in the future and within 4 hours of the day, solving the problem of the inability to evaluate energy at the input end.

[0127] In one embodiment, the final optimal scheduling can be determined based on the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price corresponding to the ultra-short-term forecast and the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price corresponding to the remaining forecasts in the day-ahead forecast except the ultra-short-term forecast. Therefore, the scheduling is determined by combining the day-ahead scheduling on a relatively large time scale and the relatively high-precision intra-day rolling scheduling, so that the economic benefits of system operation and / or the utilization of green hydrogen can be maximized on a relatively large time scale.

[0128] According to the example embodiments of the present disclosure, the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling system can make decisions based on market information, energy demand, operating constraints and other conditions, and coordinate and control the orderly and stable operation of wind turbines, hydrogen production devices, hydrogen storage devices and energy storage systems as a whole, to ensure the continuous and reliable operation of the wind power hydrogen production system, and to improve the economy of the system as much as possible and achieve the purpose of maximizing the use of renewable energy for hydrogen production.

[0129] Figure 5 A diagram illustrating an example of an energy scheduling method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0130] Reference Figure 5 , data related to the wind power forecast of the wind farm, data related to the load curve of the hydrogen load, data related to the energy storage state of the chemical energy storage device, data related to the hydrogen storage state of the hydrogen storage device, and data related to the power information of the power grid can be input as input data to the scheduling algorithm for determining the scheduling. For example, the wind power forecast may include the day-ahead power forecast and the intraday power forecast. The power information may include one or more of the peak and valley electricity prices, the on-grid electricity prices, and the purchased electricity prices.

[0131] The dispatch algorithm may include data integration, computational analysis, data processing, and statistical output. The dispatch algorithm can optimize the target in combination with the system operation constraints and boundaries, thereby providing optimization instructions for the system operation. For example, the dispatch algorithm can output power purchase and sales plans, hydrogen production plans, energy storage charging and discharging plans, and data reports.

[0132] Through the calculation of the dispatching algorithm, taking into account the storage capacity of energy storage and hydrogen storage, under the premise of meeting the grid power limit, the power instructions for grid connection, energy storage, and hydrogen production in a certain period of time can be given as the operating boundary of source-load interactive control. From a specific time scale (for example, a time scale of 4 hours to 1 day or even 3 days), energy transfer from wind energy to electricity or hydrogen energy is carried out to maximize the economic benefits of system operation and maximize the utilization of green hydrogen.

[0133] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the scheduling of energy according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0134] The scheduling of energy can be abstracted as a two-port network with one input and multiple outputs, converting the input of wind energy into the output of electricity and hydrogen energy.

[0135] In order to better illustrate the energy scheduling strategy, Figure 6 As shown, the hydrogen storage tank and the battery are shown as a large water tank. The water inlet of the hydrogen storage tank represents the available wind energy, the water outlet represents the hydrogen load, and the water replenishment represents the purchase of electricity to produce hydrogen or the discharge of the battery to produce hydrogen. The water inlet of the battery represents the surplus wind energy beyond the grid dispatching and hydrogen production needs, and the water outlet represents the discharge of the battery to produce hydrogen or provide primary frequency modulation to the grid.

[0136] exist Figure 6 In the figure, water flow corresponds to power, the amount of water in a period of time ΔT corresponds to the amount of electricity stored or consumed, and the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of water flow. Wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling is to schedule the amount of water in a period of time ΔT.

[0137] Reference Figure 6 , predicted wind power P wt Can be dispatched as power grid dispatch P grid 、Energy storage bat and hydrogen production el At least one of the following. The chemical energy storage device can store energy P bat The chemical energy storage device is charged and the electric energy is released to the grid and / or hydrogen production equipment according to the schedule. The SOC of the chemical energy storage device may change due to charging and discharging. The hydrogen production device including the hydrogen production equipment and the hydrogen storage device may be configured according to the hydrogen production P el , electricity from chemical energy storage devices and hydrogen production from electricity purchase P buy At least one of the above can be used to produce and store hydrogen. The hydrogen storage device can be used according to the hydrogen load P Hz to consume hydrogen.

[0138] As mentioned above, Figure 6 The scheduling model corresponding to the scheduling in the scheduling can decide the operating status of the multiple components according to the double-side energy prediction, load management, and hydrogen storage depth. More specifically, in one example, when the wind power fluctuation indicates that the wind power is small, the scheduling model can provide electricity to the hydrogen production device by purchasing electricity from the power grid and / or releasing the electricity of the chemical energy storage device to produce hydrogen. In another example, when the wind power fluctuation indicates that the wind power is large, the scheduling model can increase the grid scheduling P grid 、Energy Storage bat and hydrogen production el In another example, when the hydrogen load fluctuation indicates that the hydrogen load is large, the dispatch model can purchase electricity from the power grid, release the power of the chemical energy storage device, and / or adjust the hydrogen production P elIn another example, when the hydrogen load fluctuation indicates that the hydrogen load is small, the dispatch model can sell electricity to the grid by using the hydrogen production device, charge the chemical energy storage device, and / or adjust the hydrogen production P el In another example, when the hydrogen storage depth is outside the predetermined range, the scheduling model can purchase electricity from the power grid to produce hydrogen, release the power of the chemical energy storage device, use the hydrogen production device to sell electricity to the power grid, charge the chemical energy storage device, and / or adjust the hydrogen production P el To control the hydrogen storage depth so that it is within a reasonable range.

[0139] In addition, the method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer program in a computer-readable recording medium. Those skilled in the art can implement the computer program according to the description of the above method. When the computer program is executed in a computer, the above method of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0140] In addition, it should be understood that the various units in the device according to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented as hardware components and / or software components. Those skilled in the art can, for example, use a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to implement the various units according to the processing performed by the defined various units.

[0141] Although the present disclosure includes specific examples, it will be clear to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made in these examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims and their equivalents. The examples described herein should be considered to be descriptive only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each example should be considered to be applicable to similar features or aspects in other examples. If the described techniques are performed in a different order, and / or if the components in the described systems, architectures, devices, or circuits are combined in different ways, and / or replaced or supplemented by other components or their equivalents, suitable results can be achieved. Therefore, the scope of the disclosure is not limited by specific embodiments, but by the claims and their equivalents, and all changes within the scope of the claims and their equivalents should be interpreted as included in the disclosure.

Claims

1. A wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method, characterized in that: The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method comprises: Predict the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the wind power hydrogen production system in the future period; Based on the predicted wind power, predicted hydrogen load and predicted electricity price, the energy scheduling between multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system is determined so that at least one of the net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within a predetermined period is maximized.

2. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of components include a chemical energy storage device and a hydrogen production device, the chemical energy storage device being used to store electrical energy from a wind farm, release the electrical energy to a power grid and / or release the electrical energy to a hydrogen production device.

3. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind power hydrogen production system is a double-sided energy fluctuation system, wherein, in the operation constraints of the scheduling model used to determine the scheduling of the energy, the energy fluctuations in the double-sided energy fluctuation system include wind power fluctuations and hydrogen load fluctuations.

4. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The scheduling model determines the operating status of the multiple components according to double-side energy forecasting, load management, and hydrogen storage depth.

5. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The scheduling includes: In response to the wind power being greater than the sum of the power of the grid dispatching of the wind farm and the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment, using at least a portion of the wind power to charge the chemical energy storage device; and / or In response to the wind power being less than the sum of the grid dispatching power of the wind farm and the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment, the chemical energy storage device is discharged to provide hydrogen production for the hydrogen production equipment and / or provide primary frequency modulation to the grid.

6. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Chemical energy storage devices include batteries, When the charge amount of the storage battery reaches a first charge amount threshold, charging of the storage battery is stopped, and when the charge amount of the storage battery reaches a second charge amount threshold, discharging of the storage battery is stopped.

7. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multiple components include a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen-consuming load, wherein the hydrogen production device is used to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device is used to receive hydrogen from the hydrogen production device and provide the hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming load.

8. The method for dispatching wind power hydrogen production energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The scheduling includes: In response to the wind power being greater than a first wind power threshold, increasing the hydrogen production power of the hydrogen production equipment, selling electricity to the power grid, storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage device, and / or providing hydrogen to a hydrogen-using load; and / or In response to the wind power being less than a second wind power threshold, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device is provided to the hydrogen-using load, the chemical energy storage device is discharged for hydrogen production equipment to produce hydrogen, and / or the hydrogen production equipment is used to produce hydrogen by purchasing electricity from the power grid, wherein the second wind power threshold is less than the first wind power threshold.

9. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The scheduling includes: In response to the insufficient hydrogen capacity of the hydrogen storage device when producing hydrogen with grid-connected wind power, hydrogen is produced using hydrogen production equipment by using valley electricity or purchased electricity.

10. The wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The future period includes the first period and the second period. The step of determining the scheduling includes: Based on the measured values ​​of actual wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price in the period before the first period, predict the wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of the wind farm in the first period; Based on the predicted wind power in the first time period, the predicted hydrogen load in the first time period and the predicted electricity price in the first time period, the predicted wind power in the future time period, the predicted hydrogen load in the future time period and the predicted electricity price in the future time period, the scheduling of energy between the multiple components in the wind power hydrogen production system is determined so that the scheduling satisfies at least one of the maximum of the net profit and renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within the predetermined time period under the operating constraints of the wind power hydrogen production system.

11. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

12. A wind power hydrogen production energy dispatching system, characterized in that: The wind power hydrogen production energy dispatching system comprises: processor; Memory, The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the wind power hydrogen production energy scheduling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

13. A wind power hydrogen production system, characterized in that: The wind power hydrogen production system comprises: A wind farm configured to generate electricity based on wind power; a hydrogen production device configured to produce hydrogen based on the electricity from the wind farm; A hydrogen storage device, used for receiving hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and providing hydrogen to a hydrogen-consuming load; A hydrogen load configured to use hydrogen provided from a hydrogen storage device; a chemical energy storage device configured to store electrical energy from the wind farm, release the electrical energy to a grid, and / or release the electrical energy to a hydrogen production facility; and The controller is configured as: Predict wind power, hydrogen load and electricity price of wind farms in future periods; Based on the predicted wind power, predicted hydrogen load and predicted electricity price, the energy scheduling between the hydrogen production equipment, the hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen load and the chemical energy storage device is determined so that at least one of the net profit and the renewable energy consumption rate of the wind power hydrogen production system within a predetermined time period is maximized.

14. The wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 13, characterized in that: in, The wind farm, hydrogen production device and energy storage battery are physically connected through a 35kV collector line. The wind turbines of the wind farm are connected to the 35kV collector line through the transformer of the collector line. The hydrogen production device and the chemical energy storage device are connected to the 35kV collector line through a power converter and a step-down transformer.

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