Method for evaluating applicability of hydrogen energy project in urban construction

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the applicability of a hydrogen energy project in urban construction, and the method comprises the steps: building an urban low-carbon energy system full-life-cycle optimization model of a current city with the minimum annual total cost of the city as a target; obtaining hydrogen potential evaluation data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and inputting the hydrogen potential evaluation data into the whole life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system to obtain the annual total cost minimum value of the city corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project; according to the minimum annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the leveling cost for measuring carbon dioxide emission reduction during transition from the city to the future low-carbon energy system is obtained; and the applicability of the current hydrogen energy project in urban construction is evaluated based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project and the leveling cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction, so that the evaluation efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of project evaluation, and in particular to a method for evaluating the applicability of a hydrogen energy project in urban construction. Background Art

[0002] At present, the applicability assessment of existing hydrogen energy projects in urban construction is mainly carried out by assessors relying on their own experience. However, since it is a manual assessment method, it at least has the problem of relatively low assessment efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction, which solves the technical problem of relatively low evaluation efficiency in the prior art.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction, comprising: constructing a full life cycle optimization model of the city's urban low-carbon energy system with the goal of minimizing the city's annual total cost; wherein the full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system includes an objective function and multiple constraints; obtaining hydrogen potential assessment data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and inputting the hydrogen potential assessment data into the full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system to obtain the minimum annual total cost of the city corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project; according to the minimized annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, obtaining the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction when the city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system; and evaluating the applicability of the current hydrogen energy project in urban construction based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0008] In a possible embodiment, the mathematical expression of the objective function of the urban low-carbon energy system life cycle optimization model is as follows:

[0009]

[0010] In the formula, Q represents the minimum annual total cost of the city; CRF represents the capital recovery factor; c pv Represents the unit capital cost of photovoltaics; I pv represents the new investment cost of photovoltaics; c elzI represents the unit capital cost of the electrolytic agent; elz represents the new investment cost of the electrolytic agent; c fc I represents the unit capital cost of the fuel cell; fc represents the new investment cost of the fuel cell; c hs I represents the unit capital cost of hydrogen storage; hs represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage; Represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of photovoltaics; It represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer; represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the fuel cell; s represents the number of days; ψ represents the number of days in a year; t represents the number of hours; T represents the number of hours in a day; c grid Indicates the electricity price of the power grid; represents the power value exchanged with the upper power grid at time t on the sth day; c cg represents the price of electricity from coal-fired generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from coal-fired generators at time t on day s; c ng represents the electricity price of natural gas generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator at time t on day s; c rg represents the electricity price of renewable energy generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from renewable energy generators at time t on day s; represents the industrial hydrogen sales price; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand of industry; represents the selling price of hydrogen in gasoline substitution; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand for gasoline replacement; represents the selling price of hydrogen in diesel substitution; Represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand for diesel replacement.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the plurality of constraints include a power system power balance constraint, and the mathematical expression of the power system power balance constraint is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, represents the output power of newly added photovoltaic power generation at time t on the sth day; represents the output power of the newly added fuel cell at time t on the sth day; represents the input power of the electrolyte at time t on the sth day; Indicates the system power load per hour.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the plurality of constraints include a photovoltaic penetration level constraint, and the mathematical expression of the photovoltaic penetration level constraint is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] 0≤I pv ;

[0017] 0≤I elz ;

[0018] 0≤I hs ;

[0019] 0≤I fc ;

[0020] I hs =φ·I elz ;

[0021] Where θ represents the ratio of annual photovoltaic power generation to total electricity consumption; φ represents the duration of hydrogen storage at the rated power of the electrolyzer.

[0022] In a possible embodiment, the plurality of constraints include power equipment operation constraints and ramp-up constraints, and the mathematical expressions of the power equipment operation constraints and ramp-up constraints are as follows:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, It represents the total value of electricity exchanged with the upper power grid during the year; represents the maximum value of electricity purchased from coal-fired generators; Indicates the maximum ramping capability of a coal-fired generator; represents the value of electricity purchased from the coal-fired generator at time t-1 on day s; represents the annual electricity production of coal-fired generators; Indicates the maximum value of electricity purchased from a natural gas generator; Indicates the maximum climbing capability of a natural gas generator; represents the value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator at time t-1 on day s; Represents the annual electricity production of natural gas generators.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the plurality of constraints include a renewable energy unit power generation constraint, and the mathematical expression of the renewable energy unit power generation constraint is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, represents the annual electricity generation of renewable energy generators; ps,t It indicates the output power of the unit PV unit calculated by the PV power conditioner.

[0028] In one possible embodiment, the plurality of constraints include electrolyte and fuel cell power generation constraints, and the mathematical expressions of the electrolyte and fuel cell power generation constraints are as follows:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage equipment on day s; represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage equipment on day s-1; η elz Indicates the conversion efficiency of the electrolyte; LHV is the lower heating value of hydrogen; η fc represents the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; ω represents the ratio of the maximum hydrogen demand to the hydrogen potential for each use case; represents the maximum hydrogen demand of industry; represents the maximum hydrogen demand for gasoline replacement; Represents the maximum hydrogen demand for diesel replacement.

[0031] In one possible embodiment, the mathematical expression of the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Where LCCM represents the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction; CM cg Represents the amount of CO2 emissions reduced by reducing electricity purchased from coal-fired units; CM ng Represents the amount of CO2 emissions reduced by reducing electricity purchased from natural gas units; CM grid Represents the amount of CO2 emissions reduced by reducing electricity purchased from the grid; CM hdi Indicates the annual reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from electrolytic hydrogen in industry; CM gs Indicates the annual reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from replacing gasoline with electrolytic hydrogen; CM ds Represents the annual reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from replacing diesel with electrolytic hydrogen.

[0034] In a possible embodiment, the mathematical expression of the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Where AEP represents the average hydrogen price; LOCE represents the levelized cost of electricity of newly installed photovoltaic power generation.

[0037] In a possible embodiment, the mathematical expression of the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Where AHP represents the average hydrogen price.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the method described in the first aspect or any optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0041] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor and the memory communicate through the bus, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in the first aspect or any optional implementation method of the first aspect is performed.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which, when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0043] (III) Beneficial effects

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction, and constructs a full life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system of the current city by taking the minimization of the annual total cost of the city as the goal; wherein the full life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system is used to solve the minimum annual total cost of the city each year, and obtain hydrogen potential evaluation data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and input the hydrogen potential evaluation data into the full life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system to obtain the minimum annual total cost of the city each year corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and according to the minimized annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, obtain the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction when the city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system, and evaluate the applicability of the current hydrogen energy project in urban construction based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction, which can improve the evaluation efficiency compared with the existing manual evaluation method.

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages to be achieved by the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specifically cites preferred embodiments and describes them in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for evaluating the applicability of a hydrogen energy project in urban construction provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] In order to solve the problem of relatively low evaluation efficiency existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction, and constructs a full life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system of the current city by taking the minimum annual total cost of the city as the goal; wherein the full life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system is used to solve the minimum annual total cost of the city each year, and obtain the hydrogen potential evaluation data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and input the hydrogen potential evaluation data into the full life cycle optimization model of the urban low-carbon energy system, and obtain the minimum annual total cost of the city corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and according to the minimized annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, obtain the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction when the city transitions to the future low-carbon energy system, and evaluate the applicability of the current hydrogen energy project in urban construction based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction. Compared with the existing manual evaluation method, it can improve the evaluation efficiency.

[0051] In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0052] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1A flowchart of a method for evaluating the suitability of a hydrogen energy project in urban construction provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. It should be understood that the applicability evaluation method can be performed by a device for evaluating the suitability of a hydrogen energy project in urban construction, and the specific device of the device can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the device for evaluating the suitability can be a computer, or a server, etc. Specifically, the method for evaluating the suitability includes:

[0053] Step S110, with the goal of minimizing the annual total cost of the city, construct a full life cycle optimization model for the city's low-carbon energy system. The full life cycle optimization model for the city's low-carbon energy system includes an objective function and multiple constraints.

[0054] It should be understood that the objective function and related constraints of the urban low-carbon energy system full life cycle optimization model can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0055] Optionally, with the goal of minimizing the annual total cost of the city, a full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system is constructed. And the mathematical expression of the objective function of the full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, Q represents the minimum annual total cost of the city; CRF represents the capital recovery factor; c pv Represents the unit capital cost of photovoltaics; I pv represents the new investment cost of photovoltaics; c elz I represents the unit capital cost of the electrolytic agent; elz represents the new investment cost of the electrolytic agent; c fc I represents the unit capital cost of the fuel cell; fc represents the new investment cost of the fuel cell; c hs I represents the unit capital cost of hydrogen storage; hs represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage; Represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of photovoltaics; It represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer; represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the fuel cell; s represents the number of days; ψ represents the number of days in a year; t represents the number of hours; T represents the number of hours in a day; c grid Indicates the electricity price of the power grid; represents the power value exchanged with the upper power grid at time t on the sth day; c cg represents the price of electricity from coal-fired generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from coal-fired generators at time t on day s; cng represents the electricity price of natural gas generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator at time t on day s; c rg represents the electricity price of renewable energy generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from renewable energy generators at time t on day s; represents the industrial hydrogen sales price; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand of industry; represents the selling price of hydrogen in gasoline substitution; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand for gasoline replacement; represents the selling price of hydrogen in diesel substitution; Represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand for diesel replacement.

[0058] That is to say, the annual cost of the objective function includes the annual investment and fixed operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaics, power-to-hydrogen (P2H) and fuel cells (FC), the annual electricity purchase cost of the upper power grid, the annual electricity purchase cost of local existing thermal power units and renewable energy, and the annual income from hydrogen sales.

[0059] Optionally, the plurality of constraints include a power system power balance constraint, and the mathematical expression of the power system power balance constraint is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, represents the output power of newly added photovoltaic power generation at time t on the sth day; represents the output power of the newly added fuel cell at time t on the sth day; represents the input power of the electrolyte at time t on the sth day; Indicates the system power load per hour.

[0062] Optionally, the plurality of constraints include a photovoltaic penetration level constraint, and the mathematical expression of the photovoltaic penetration level constraint is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] 0≤I pv (4);

[0065] 0≤I elz (5);

[0066] 0≤I hs (6);

[0067] 0≤I fc (7);

[0068] Ihs =φ·I elz (8);

[0069] Where θ represents the ratio of annual photovoltaic power generation to total electricity consumption; φ represents the duration of hydrogen storage at the rated power of the electrolyzer.

[0070] And, formula (3) stipulates the photovoltaic penetration level; formula (4) to formula (7) respectively stipulate that the investment capacity of photovoltaic equipment, electrolyzer equipment, hydrogen storage equipment and fuel cell equipment is non-negative.

[0071] Optionally, the plurality of constraints include power equipment operation constraints and climbing constraints, and the mathematical expressions of the power equipment operation constraints and the climbing constraints are as follows:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, It represents the total value of electricity exchanged with the upper power grid during the year; represents the maximum value of electricity purchased from coal-fired generators; Indicates the maximum ramping capability of a coal-fired generator; represents the value of electricity purchased from the coal-fired generator at time t-1 on day s; represents the annual electricity production of coal-fired generators; Indicates the maximum value of electricity purchased from a natural gas generator; Indicates the maximum climbing capability of a natural gas generator; represents the value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator at time t-1 on day s; represents the annual power generation of natural gas generators, that is, Represents the power change of the coal-fired generator from time t-1 to time t.

[0076] In addition, formula (9) limits the amount of electricity exchanged with the upper power grid; formula (10) and formula (11) limit the hourly power generation, maximum ramping capability and annual power value of coal-fired generators and natural gas generators respectively.

[0077] Optionally, according to the suitability evaluation method of claim 5, it is characterized in that the multiple constraints include a renewable energy unit power generation constraint, and the mathematical expression of the renewable energy unit power generation constraint is as follows:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, represents the annual electricity generation of renewable energy generators; p s,t represents the output power of the unit photovoltaic unit calculated by the photovoltaic power conditioner. And, formula (12) limits the hourly and annual power generation of renewable energy generators; formula (13) limits the output of newly installed photovoltaic power generation; formula (14) and formula (15) limit the input power of the electrolyte and the output power of the fuel cell respectively.

[0083] Optionally, the plurality of constraints include electrolyte and fuel cell power generation constraints, and the mathematical expressions of the electrolyte and fuel cell power generation constraints are as follows:

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage equipment on day s; represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage equipment on day s-1; η elz Indicates the conversion efficiency of the electrolyte; LHV is the lower heating value of hydrogen; η fc represents the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; ω represents the ratio of the maximum hydrogen demand to the hydrogen potential for each use case; represents the maximum hydrogen demand of industry; represents the maximum hydrogen demand for gasoline replacement; Represents the maximum hydrogen demand for diesel replacement.

[0090] And, formula (16) to formula (17) represent the operating constraints of daytime hydrogen storage; formula (18) to formula (20) respectively set the maximum daily hydrogen demand of industrial hydrogen, the maximum daily hydrogen demand of gasoline substitution and the maximum daily hydrogen demand of diesel substitution to 0.5 times their daily hydrogen demand potential (annual demand potential / 365).

[0091] Step S120, obtain the hydrogen potential assessment data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and input the hydrogen potential assessment data into the city's low-carbon energy system life cycle optimization model to obtain the minimum annual total cost of the city corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project. and

[0092] It should be understood that the specific process of obtaining the hydrogen potential assessment data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project can also be set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0093] Alternatively, electrolytic hydrogen is considered to be used in six different fields, namely, oil refining, steel production, ammonia production, methane production, gasoline substitution and diesel substitution, and the first four are considered as the use of hydrogen in industry. And, the annual hydrogen potential in ammonia production, oil refining, steel production, methane production and industry is shown in formula (21) to formula (25):

[0094]

[0095]

[0096]

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, denote the annual hydrogen potential for ammonia production, oil refining, steel production and methane production, respectively; ρ ap , or , isp , mp The annual amount of synthetic ammonia is A ap , Annual refining capacity A or , Annual steel production A isp and annual natural gas consumption A mp The conversion coefficient of Represents the industry's annual hydrogen demand potential.

[0100] At the same time, the hydrogen potential for gasoline and diesel substitution in each city each year can be obtained as follows:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, represents the maximum hydrogen potential in gasoline substitution; represents the maximum hydrogen potential in diesel substitution; ρgs and ρ ds Represents the conversion factors of gasoline and diesel consumption to gasoline and diesel substitution respectively; e gs and e ds Represents the average annual gasoline and diesel consumption per gasoline and diesel vehicle in the country, respectively; N gs and N ds Respectively represent the number of gasoline and diesel vehicles in the current city.

[0104] Step S130, based on the minimum annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, obtain the levelized cost for measuring carbon dioxide emission reduction when the city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system.

[0105] Specifically, this application considers two types of CO2 reduction technologies:

[0106] The first type is shown in the following formulas (28) to (30), which reduces carbon dioxide emissions by reducing the electricity purchased from coal-fired generators, natural gas generators and power grids; the second type is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by applying electrolytic hydrogen instead of coal in industry and electrolytic hydrogen instead of gasoline and diesel in transportation. In addition, considering that 20.2 kg of carbon dioxide is emitted from the production of 1 kg of hydrogen from coal, the annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of industrial electrolytic hydrogen can also be calculated using formula (31). Considering that the carbon dioxide emission reduction values ​​per kilogram of gasoline and diesel are 3.15 kg and 3.06 kg respectively, combined with the mass ratio of hydrogen, diesel and gasoline consumed for the same driving distance, it can be concluded that the carbon dioxide emission reduction values ​​per kilogram of hydrogen can reach 24.09 kg and 18.36 kg. The annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of electrolytic hydrogen replacing gasoline and diesel can only be calculated according to formulas (32) to (33). In formula (34), define ω rg To ensure that the electricity used to produce hydrogen is zero-carbon, formula (35) gives the total annual carbon dioxide emission reduction calculation formula, which is as follows:

[0107]

[0108]

[0109]

[0110]

[0111]

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] CM=CM cg+CM ng +CM grid +CM hdi +CM gs +CM ds (35);

[0115] In the formula, CM cg CM ng CM grid Respectively represent the carbon dioxide emission reduction achieved by reducing the electricity purchased from coal-fired units, natural gas units and power grid; e cg 、e ng and e grid Respectively represent the carbon dioxide emission coefficient when coal, natural gas and their combination are used to produce each kilowatt-hour of electricity in the power grid; CM hdi CM gs and CM ds They represent the annual carbon dioxide emission reductions from hydrogen electrolysis in industry, the annual carbon dioxide emission reductions from hydrogen electrolysis replacing gasoline, and the annual carbon dioxide emission reductions from hydrogen electrolysis replacing diesel; e hdi 、e gs and e ds They respectively represent the carbon dioxide emission coefficient per kilogram of hydrogen produced by coal, the carbon dioxide emission coefficient per kilogram of gasoline produced by coal, and the carbon dioxide emission coefficient per kilogram of diesel produced by coal.

[0116] Furthermore, the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction is used to measure the cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction when a city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system, and the mathematical expression of the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] Where LCCM represents the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction; Q represents the minimum annual total cost of the city.

[0119] Step S140, evaluating the applicability of current hydrogen energy projects in urban construction based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy projects, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy projects and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

[0120] It should be understood that the mathematical expression of the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project and the mathematical expression of the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0121] Optionally, formula (37) calculates the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of newly installed photovoltaic power generation based on technical and economic parameters and hourly solar power generation data; formula (38) reveals the calculation formula for the average hydrogen price AEP. The average hydrogen price of a city is determined by the upper limit of the grid-connected electricity price, the grid-connected electricity prices of coal-fired power generation units, natural gas power generation units, and renewable energy power generation units, the cost of electricity of newly added photovoltaic power generation, and the corresponding power generation share; formula (39) reveals the calculation formula for the average hydrogen price AHP. In addition, the average hydrogen price of a city is determined by the maximum daily hydrogen demand for industrial hydrogen, the maximum daily hydrogen demand for gasoline substitution, and the maximum daily hydrogen demand for diesel substitution, specifically:

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] In the formula, LOCE represents the levelized cost of electricity of newly installed photovoltaic power generation; represents the investment and operation and maintenance costs of photovoltaic power generation equipment; n represents the life cycle in years; N represents the time period (multiple life cycles); r represents the interest rate; It represents the annual output power of new photovoltaic power generation; AHP represents the average hydrogen price; AEP represents the average hydrogen price.

[0127] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned average hydrogen price corresponding to current hydrogen energy projects, the average hydrogen price corresponding to current hydrogen energy projects and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction, since the lower the AEP and the higher the AHP, the easier it is to develop hydrogen energy in the city (that is, the lower the AEP, the lower the cost of hydrogen electrolysis, and the higher the AHP, the more it can promote the process of hydrogen electrolysis, thereby achieving urban decarbonization) and the lower the LCCM, the lower the carbon dioxide emission reduction cost when the city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system, it is possible to evaluate the applicability of current hydrogen energy projects in urban construction based on the above-mentioned evaluation criteria.

[0128] For example, when there is only one hydrogen energy project, AEP, AHP and LCCM can be compared with their corresponding preset values. If the AEP of the current hydrogen energy project is less than or equal to the AEP preset value, the AHP of the current hydrogen energy project is greater than or equal to the AHP preset value, and the LCCM of the current hydrogen energy project is less than or equal to the LCCM preset value, then the current hydrogen energy project is determined to be suitable for the construction of the current city;

[0129] For another example, when there are multiple hydrogen energy projects, AEP, AHP and LCCM can be compared with their corresponding preset values. If the AEP of the current hydrogen energy project is less than or equal to the AEP preset value, the AHP of the current hydrogen energy project is greater than or equal to the AHP preset value, and the LCCM of the current hydrogen energy project is less than or equal to the LCCM preset value, then at least two hydrogen energy projects that meet the above standards can be determined from the multiple hydrogen energy projects. At this time, the absolute value of the difference between AEP, AHP and LCCM and their corresponding preset values ​​can be further combined to select the optimal hydrogen energy project from the at least two hydrogen energy projects that meet the above standards.

[0130] Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction, by taking the minimization of the city's annual total cost as the goal, constructing a full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system; wherein the full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system is used to solve the minimum annual total cost of the city each year, and to obtain hydrogen potential assessment data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and the hydrogen potential assessment data is input into the full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system to obtain the minimum annual total cost of the city corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and based on the minimized annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, obtain the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction when the city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system, and evaluate the applicability of the current hydrogen energy project in urban construction based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction. Compared with the existing manual evaluation method, it can improve the evaluation efficiency.

[0131] In addition, based on the above technical solutions, after using low-carbon energy systems, cities will produce almost no carbon emissions in the process of energy production and consumption. By promoting the application of hydrogen energy and gradually replacing traditional fossil fuels, the city's carbon emissions will be greatly reduced. The city's air quality will be significantly improved, reducing environmental pollution problems such as haze. At the same time, it will also help protect the ecological environment and promote biodiversity protection. It will enable cities to achieve decarbonization in energy as soon as possible so that they can quickly achieve carbon neutrality.

[0132] It should be understood that the above-mentioned method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications based on the above-mentioned method, and the modified scheme also falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0133] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0134] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions.

[0135] It should be noted that in the claims, any reference numerals placed between brackets shall not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same hardware. The use of the words first, second, third, etc., is for convenience of expression only and does not indicate any order. These words may be understood as part of the component name.

[0136] In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0137] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments after knowing the basic creative concept. Therefore, the claims should be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0138] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention should also include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the applicability of hydrogen energy projects in urban construction, characterized in that: include: Taking the minimization of the annual total cost of the city as the goal, a full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system is constructed; wherein the full life cycle optimization model of the city's low-carbon energy system includes an objective function and multiple constraints; Obtain hydrogen potential assessment data corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, and input the hydrogen potential assessment data into the city's low-carbon energy system life cycle optimization model to obtain the minimum annual total cost of the city corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project; Based on the minimized annual cost corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, a levelized cost for measuring carbon dioxide emission reduction when the city transitions to a future low-carbon energy system is obtained; The applicability of the current hydrogen energy project in urban construction is evaluated based on the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project, the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project and the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

2. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mathematical expression of the objective function of the urban low-carbon energy system life cycle optimization model is as follows: Where Q represents the minimum annual total cost of the city; CRF represents the capital recovery factor; c pv Represents the unit capital cost of photovoltaics; I pv represents the new investment cost of photovoltaics; c elz I represents the unit capital cost of the electrolytic agent; elz represents the new investment cost of the electrolytic agent; c fc I represents the unit capital cost of the fuel cell; fc represents the new investment cost of the fuel cell; c hs I represents the unit capital cost of hydrogen storage; hs represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage; represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic system; represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the electrolytic agent; represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of the fuel cell; s represents the number of days; ψ represents the number of days in a year; t represents the number of hours; T represents the number of hours in a day; c grid Indicates the electricity price of the power grid; represents the power value exchanged with the upper power grid at time t on the sth day; c cg represents the price of electricity from coal-fired generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from the coal-fired generator at time t on the sth day; c ng represents the electricity price of natural gas generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator at time t on the sth day; c rg represents the electricity price of renewable energy generators; represents the value of electricity purchased from the renewable energy generator at time t on the s-th day; represents the industrial hydrogen sales price; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand of industry; represents the selling price of hydrogen in gasoline substitution; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand for said gasoline replacement; represents the selling price of hydrogen in diesel substitution; represents the maximum daily hydrogen demand for the diesel replacement.

3. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of constraints include a power system power balance constraint, and the mathematical expression of the power system power balance constraint is as follows: In the formula, represents the output power of newly added photovoltaic power generation at time t on the sth day; represents the output power of the newly added fuel cell at time t on the sth day; represents the input power of the electrolyte at time t on the sth day; Indicates the system power load per hour.

4. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of constraints include a photovoltaic penetration level constraint, and the mathematical expression of the photovoltaic penetration level constraint is as follows: 0≤I pv ； 0≤I elz ； 0≤I hs ； 0≤I fc ； I hs =φ·I elz ; Where θ represents the ratio of annual photovoltaic power generation to total electricity consumption; φ represents the duration of hydrogen storage at the rated power of the electrolyzer.

5. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of constraints include power equipment operation constraints and climbing constraints, and the mathematical expressions of the power equipment operation constraints and climbing constraints are as follows: In the formula, It represents the total value of electricity exchanged with the upper power grid during the year; represents the maximum value of electricity purchased from the coal-fired generator; Indicates the maximum ramping capability of a coal-fired generator; represents the value of electricity purchased from the coal-fired generator at time t-1 on the sth day; represents the annual electricity production of coal-fired generators; represents the maximum value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator; Indicates the maximum climbing capability of the natural gas generator; represents the value of electricity purchased from the natural gas generator at time t-1 on the sth day; Represents the annual electricity production of natural gas generators.

6. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of constraints include a renewable energy unit power generation constraint, and the mathematical expression of the renewable energy unit power generation constraint is as follows: In the formula, represents the annual power generation of the renewable energy generator; p s,t It indicates the output power of the unit PV unit calculated by the PV power conditioner.

7. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of constraints include electrolyte and fuel cell power generation constraints, and the mathematical expressions of the electrolyte and fuel cell power generation constraints are as follows: In the formula, represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage equipment on day s; represents the new investment cost of hydrogen storage equipment on day s-1; η elz represents the conversion efficiency of the electrolyte; LHV is the lower heating value of hydrogen; η fc represents the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; ω represents the ratio of the maximum hydrogen demand to the hydrogen potential for each use case; represents the maximum hydrogen demand of industry; represents the maximum hydrogen demand for said gasoline replacement; represents the maximum hydrogen requirement for the diesel replacement.

8. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mathematical expression of the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction is as follows: Where LCCM represents the levelized cost of carbon dioxide emission reduction; CM cg Represents the amount of CO2 emissions reduced by reducing electricity purchased from coal-fired units; CM ng Represents the amount of CO2 emissions reduced by reducing electricity purchased from natural gas units; CM grid Represents the amount of CO2 emissions reduced by reducing electricity purchased from the grid; CM hdi Indicates the annual reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from electrolytic hydrogen in industry; CM gs Indicates the annual reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from replacing gasoline with electrolytic hydrogen; CM ds Represents the annual reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from replacing diesel with electrolytic hydrogen.

9. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mathematical expression of the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project is as follows: Wherein, AEP represents the average hydrogen price; LOCE represents the levelized cost of electricity of newly installed photovoltaic power generation.

10. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mathematical expression of the average hydrogen price corresponding to the current hydrogen energy project is as follows: Wherein, AHP represents the average hydrogen price.

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