Wing-shaped column liquid cooling plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a wing-shaped column liquid cooling plate which guides cooling liquid to fully flow through a surface area of a bottom plate and improves heat transfer efficiency. The device comprises a bottom plate; the upper cover plate comprises a peripheral baffle and a top plate, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the top plate, and the water inlet and the water outlet are formed in the two ends of the top plate in the length direction; each group of wing-shaped columns sequentially comprises a front-end inflow end, a middle first width keeping end, a middle second width reducing end and a tail tip in the flow direction; a plurality of sets of wing-shaped columns are arranged in the center area of the upper surface of the bottom plate, the bottoms of the wing-shaped columns and the bottom plate are connected into a whole, the upper surfaces of the wing-shaped columns are tightly attached to the lower surface of the top plate, and the bottom of the peripheral baffle is welded to the corresponding upper surface of the bottom plate to form a liquid cooling cavity. And the plurality of wing-shaped columns are arranged in the liquid cooling cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of liquid cooling plate structures, in particular to an airfoil column liquid cooling plate. Background Art

[0002] Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are common key components in modern electronic power products. IGBTs are known for their high efficiency at high voltage and high current. They are widely used in automotive inverters, industrial drive devices and renewable energy converters in electric vehicles, playing a vital role. IGBTs have good power switching capabilities and can greatly improve the performance and life of electronic power systems. However, the heat generation capacity of IGBTs, especially its heat flux density, has increased significantly, and the operating efficiency of IGBTs will be restricted by the heat generation power. Most IGBT module failures are related to thermal failures. The accumulation of heat will increase thermal stress, reduce efficiency, and seriously affect the working performance of the device. Excessive temperature will pose a serious threat to most components and even the entire system, or even damage it. Therefore, a good thermal management solution must be selected to ensure the normal operation of IGBTs, and liquid cooling plates with efficient heat transfer functions have become a reliable cooling mechanism to ensure the normal operation of IGBTs.

[0003] The flow channel structure of the liquid cooling plate plays a key role in the performance of the cold plate. Generally speaking, for forced convection heat exchange, the larger the heat dissipation area, the higher the heat transfer efficiency. However, for conventional square columns, round columns, and elliptical columns, the flow separation phenomenon will occur after the fluid flows through the column, resulting in the overall surface area not being fully utilized. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a columnar structure that can optimize heat transfer so that its surface area can be fully utilized to improve its heat transfer efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an airfoil column liquid cooling plate, which guides the coolant to fully flow through the surface area of ​​the base plate to improve the heat transfer efficiency.

[0005] An airfoil column liquid cooling plate, characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] Base plate;

[0007] An upper cover plate, comprising an outer baffle plate and a top plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet are provided at two ends of the top plate in the length direction;

[0008] A plurality of airfoil columns, each group of airfoil columns sequentially including a front end inflow end, a middle first width maintaining end, a middle second width reducing end, and a tail tip along the flow direction, the front end inflow end is a semi-elliptical profile, the semi-elliptical profile is symmetrically arranged about a central axis X, the central axis X is arranged parallel to the length direction of the top plate or the bottom plate, the rear ends of both sides of the front end inflow end are butted against the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end, the rear ends of both side edges of the middle first width maintaining end are respectively butted against the starting sides of the middle second width reducing end, the corresponding side edges of the closing end of the second width reducing end are connected to the starting end of the corresponding hypotenuse of the tail tip, and the ends of the corresponding hypotenuse of the tail tip are connected and intersected with each other;

[0009] A plurality of groups of wing-shaped columns are arranged in a central area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate, the bottom of the wing-shaped column is connected to the base plate as a whole, the upper surface of the wing-shaped column is tightly attached to the lower surface of the top plate, and the bottom of the outer baffle is welded to the corresponding upper surface of the base plate to form a liquid cooling cavity, and a plurality of the wing-shaped columns are arranged in the liquid cooling cavity.

[0010] It is further characterized by:

[0011] It also includes two groups of water inlet and outlet nozzles, which are respectively welded to the corresponding water inlet and water outlet;

[0012] The plurality of wing-shaped columns are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate in a manner that an outer row of wing-shaped column groups and an inner row of wing-shaped column groups are arranged in sequence. Each group of outer row of wing-shaped column groups includes Y-direction outer wing-shaped columns located on both sides of the width direction of the liquid cooling chamber, and a plurality of first inner wing-shaped columns, the first inner wing-shaped columns are evenly arranged along the width between the Y-direction outer wing-shaped columns of the corresponding group, and each group of inner row of wing-shaped column groups includes a plurality of second inner wing-shaped columns, the second inner wing-shaped columns are arranged in the width direction of the wing-shaped columns of the adjacent row of outer row of wing-shaped column groups. The inner row of wing-shaped column groups are arranged in rows, each group of the second inner side wing-shaped column of the inner row of wing-shaped column groups is set inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer row of wing-shaped column groups at the inflow end, the outer row of wing-shaped column groups located in the outflow direction of the inflow direction are set inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer row of wing-shaped column groups at the inflow end, and a group of inner row of wing-shaped column groups is arranged in the interval area between two adjacent groups of outer row of wing-shaped column groups in the width direction, so that the coolant in the flow channel between the two adjacent groups of wing-shaped column groups in the width direction of the outer row of wing-shaped column groups can reliably pass through the rear inner row of wing-shaped column groups to perform heat exchange and guided cooling operations;

[0013] When the upper cover plate, the bottom plate and the wing-shaped columns are made of copper, a layer of copper welding sheet is provided on the upper surface of each group of wing-shaped columns, and the copper welding sheet is closely attached to the lower surface of the corresponding position of the top plate, which ensures that the wing-shaped columns can reliably conduct heat energy to the upper cover plate;

[0014] Preferably, the length L of each wing-shaped column is 4-6 mm, the end of the front inflow end is the widest part of the wing-shaped column, which is located at 20% of the length area of ​​the wing-shaped column, and the width B of the widest part is 1-1.5 mm;

[0015] The width direction interval La of each adjacent wing-shaped column in each row of wing-shaped column groups is 4B, which ensures that the wing-shaped columns corresponding to the wing-shaped column groups in adjacent rows are arranged behind or in front of the middle position of the width area of ​​the two groups of wing-shaped columns;

[0016] The distance between the front inflow end of the wing-shaped column of the outer row wing-shaped column group and the front inflow end of the wing-shaped column of the adjacent inner row wing-shaped column group is Lb, Lb = 0.6L ~ 1L;

[0017] The spacing distance between the front inflow end of the rear airfoil column and the front airfoil column of each row of airfoil columns is Lc, where Lc=1.6L~2L.

[0018] After adopting the structure of the present invention, the bottom plate includes a plurality of wing-shaped columns, the size of which meets the process standard of the forging process, and the material of the entire liquid cooling plate can be selected from aluminum or copper according to the heat dissipation performance requirements; the outer edge of the lower bottom plate changes according to the actual structure of the IGBT, and a similar long liquid cooling plate structure can be adapted to the arrangement of the IGBT heat source; the flow channel above the bottom plate is composed of staggered arranged wing-shaped columns; the liquid flow rate in the liquid cooling plate is lower than that of the air cooling, and the liquid flows through the semi-elliptical contour of the front inlet end of the wing-shaped plate, and the near-wall streamline can be close to the trailing edge surface of the wing, and the flow separation point is the intersection point where the ends of the corresponding hypotenuses of the tail tip are connected to each other, so that the boundary layer at the tail end is thinner, so that the surface area of ​​the wing-shaped column can be fully utilized, and the heat dissipation efficiency is significantly improved; the structure of the wing-shaped column not only has the effect of enhancing heat transfer and reducing flow resistance, but also can serve as a supporting column of the liquid cooling plate, so that its deformation under the action of external force during the processing and forming process is small, which can meet the processing requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional explosion schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the base plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic top view of a partial airfoil column arrangement applicable to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the bottom plate of comparative example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the bottom plate of comparative example 2 of the present invention;

[0025] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0026] Bottom plate 10, upper cover plate 20, outer baffle plate 21, top plate 22, water inlet 23, water outlet 24, wing-shaped column 30, front inlet end 31, middle first width maintaining end 32, middle second width reducing end 33, tail tip 34, water inlet and outlet nozzle 40, liquid cooling chamber 50, outer row of wing-shaped column group 60, Y-direction outer side wing-shaped column 61, first inner side wing-shaped column 62, inner row of wing-shaped column group 70, second inner side wing-shaped column 71. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] A wing-shaped column liquid cooling plate, see Figure 1-Figure 4 , which includes a bottom plate 10, an upper cover plate 20, a plurality of wing-shaped columns 30, and two sets of water inlet and outlet nozzles 40;

[0028] The upper cover plate 20 includes an outer baffle plate 21 and a top plate 22. The top plate 22 is provided with a water inlet 23 and a water outlet 24. The water inlet 23 and the water outlet 24 are arranged at both ends of the top plate 22 in the length direction.

[0029] Each set of wing-shaped columns 30 (see Figure 4 ) along the flow direction, it includes a front end inflow end 31, a middle first width maintaining end 32, a middle second width reducing end 33, and a tail tip 34 in sequence, the front end inflow end 31 is a semi-elliptical profile, the semi-elliptical profile is symmetrically arranged about a central axis X, the central axis X is arranged parallel to the length direction of the top plate 22 or the bottom plate 10, the rear ends of both sides of the front end inflow end 31 are butted against the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end 32, the rear ends of both side edges of the middle first width maintaining end 32 are respectively butted against the starting sides of the middle second width reducing end 33, the corresponding side edges of the closing end of the second width reducing end 33 are connected to the starting ends of the corresponding hypotenuses of the tail tip 34, and the ends of the corresponding hypotenuses of the tail tip are connected and intersected with each other;

[0030] A plurality of groups of wing-shaped columns 30 are arranged in the central area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate 10, the bottom of the wing-shaped column 30 is connected to the base plate 10 as a whole, the upper surface of the wing-shaped column 30 is close to the lower surface of the top plate 22, and the bottom of the outer baffle 21 is welded to the corresponding upper surface of the base plate 10 to form a liquid cooling cavity 50, and a plurality of wing-shaped columns 30 are arranged in the liquid cooling cavity 50, and the inlet and outlet nozzles 40 are respectively welded to the corresponding water inlet 23 and the water outlet 24.

[0031] In a specific implementation, the arrangement of the plurality of wing-shaped columns is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 10 in the manner of an outer row of wing-shaped column groups 60 and an inner row of wing-shaped column groups 70 arranged in sequence. Each group of outer row of wing-shaped column groups 60 includes Y-direction outer wing-shaped columns 61 located on both sides of the width direction of the liquid cooling chamber, and a plurality of first inner wing-shaped columns 62. The first inner wing-shaped columns 62 are evenly arranged along the width between the Y-direction outer wing-shaped columns 61 of the corresponding group. Each group of inner row of wing-shaped column groups 70 includes a plurality of second inner wing-shaped columns 71. The second inner wing-shaped columns 71 are located in the width direction of the wing-shaped columns 30 of the outer row of wing-shaped column groups 60 of the adjacent row. The arrangement is arranged in the spacing area, and each group of second inner wing-shaped columns 71 of the inner row wing-shaped column group 70 is set inward along the X direction relative to the outer row wing-shaped column group 60 at the inlet end, and the outer row wing-shaped column group 60 located in the outflow direction of the inflow direction is set inward along the X direction relative to the outer row wing-shaped column group 60 at the inlet end, and a group of inner row wing-shaped column group 70 is arranged in the spacing area between two adjacent groups of outer row wing-shaped column groups 60, which allows the coolant in the flow channel between the two adjacent groups of wing-shaped columns 30 in the width direction of the outer row wing-shaped column group 60 to reliably pass through the rear inner row wing-shaped column group 70 to perform heat exchange guided cooling operations.

[0032] In specific implementation, when the upper cover plate 20, the bottom plate 10, and the wing-shaped columns 30 are made of copper, a layer of copper welding sheet is provided on the upper surface of each group of wing-shaped columns 30, and the copper welding sheet is tightly attached to the lower surface of the corresponding position of the top plate 22, which ensures that the wing-shaped column 30 can reliably conduct heat energy to the upper cover plate 20.

[0033] In the specific implementation, three liquid cooling plates with the same heat dissipation area were designed, including three structures: wing-shaped column, cylinder, and elliptical column;

[0034] The specific embodiment is an airfoil column liquid cooling plate, wherein the length L of each airfoil column 30 is 5 mm, the end of the front inflow end is the widest part of the airfoil column, which is located at 20% of the length area of ​​the airfoil column 30, and the width B of the widest part is 1 mm;

[0035] The width direction interval La of each adjacent wing-shaped column 30 in each row of wing-shaped column groups is 4 mm, which ensures that the wing-shaped columns 30 corresponding to the wing-shaped column groups in adjacent rows are arranged behind or in front of the middle position of the width area of ​​the two groups of wing-shaped columns 30;

[0036] The distance Lb between the front inflow end 31 of the wing-shaped column 30 of the outer row wing-shaped column group 60 and the front inflow end 31 of the wing-shaped column 30 of the adjacent inner row wing-shaped column group 70 is Lb, Lb=4 mm;

[0037] The spacing distance between the front inflow end of the rear airfoil column and the front airfoil column of each row of airfoil columns is Lc, Lc = 8 mm.

[0038] Comparative Example 1: The cylindrical arrangement of the cylindrical liquid cooling plate is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0039] Comparative Example 2: The elliptical cylinder arrangement of the elliptical cylinder liquid cooling plate is as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0040] The contactable heat-conducting areas formed by all the heat exchange columns in the specific embodiment and comparative examples 1 and 2 are substantially equal.

[0041] The comprehensive performance of the radiator can be quantitatively evaluated using the comprehensive factor η:

[0042]

[0043] The larger the value, the better the performance. Nu is the Nusselt number, which represents the speed of heat transfer and the temperature difference from the heat source surface to the water inlet ΔT = T case -T inlet Inversely proportional;

[0044] f is the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor, which represents the dimensionless pressure drop and is proportional to the radiator pressure drop.

[0045] When other conditions are the same, we can define a new parameter η similarly * , to characterize the comprehensive performance of the radiator, where Δp0 and ΔT0 are the pressure drop and temperature difference under standard working conditions (airfoil):

[0046]

[0047] The following table data is obtained through measurement:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] The results show that under the same heat dissipation area conditions, the overall performance of the airfoil structure is improved by about 3% compared with the elliptical cylinder structure, and the performance is improved by about 28% compared with the circular structure.

[0051] Its working principle is as follows: after the lower surface of the base plate is connected to the heat source of the IGBT chip through thermal conductive glue, the heat is quickly absorbed by heat conduction and transferred to the base plate and the wing-shaped column. The low-temperature liquid flows from the inlet and outlet nozzles along the water inlet into the liquid cooling cavity covered with wing-shaped columns. The liquid exchanges heat with the wing-shaped columns, the upper cover plate, and the base plate in the flow channel through convection heat transfer. Finally, the heated liquid flows out from the outlet and transfers the heat to the low-temperature environment to release the heat, and the work is repeated over and over again. The bottom plate includes several airfoil columns, whose dimensions meet the process standards of the forging process. The material of the entire liquid cooling plate can be selected from aluminum or copper according to the heat dissipation performance requirements; the outer edge of the lower bottom plate changes according to the actual structure of the IGBT, and a similar long liquid cooling plate structure can adapt to the arrangement of the IGBT heat source; the flow channel above the bottom plate is composed of staggered airfoil columns; the liquid flow rate in the liquid cooling plate is lower than that of the air cooling, and the liquid flows through the semi-elliptical contour of the front inlet end of the airfoil plate. The near-wall streamline can be close to the trailing edge surface of the airfoil, and the flow separation point is the intersection point where the ends of the corresponding beveled edges of the tail tip are connected to each other, so that the boundary layer at the tail end is thinner, so that the surface area of ​​the airfoil column can be fully utilized, and the heat dissipation efficiency is significantly improved; the structure of the airfoil column not only has the effect of enhancing heat transfer and reducing flow resistance, but also can act as a supporting column for the liquid cooling plate, so that its deformation under the action of external force during the processing and forming process is small, which can meet the processing requirements.

[0052] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0053] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wing-shaped column liquid cooling plate, characterized in that: It includes: Base plate; An upper cover plate, comprising an outer baffle plate and a top plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are provided at two ends of the top plate in the length direction; A plurality of airfoil columns, each group of airfoil columns sequentially including a front end inflow end, a middle first width maintaining end, a middle second width reducing end, and a tail tip along the flow direction, the front end inflow end is a semi-elliptical profile, the semi-elliptical profile is symmetrically arranged about a central axis X, the central axis X is arranged parallel to the length direction of the top plate or the bottom plate, the rear ends of both sides of the front end inflow end are butted against the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end, the rear ends of both side edges of the middle first width maintaining end are respectively butted against the starting sides of the middle second width reducing end, the corresponding side edges of the closing end of the second width reducing end are connected to the starting end of the corresponding hypotenuse of the tail tip, and the ends of the corresponding hypotenuse of the tail tip are connected and intersected with each other; A plurality of groups of wing-shaped columns are arranged in a central area of ​​the upper surface of the base plate, the bottom of the wing-shaped column is connected to the base plate as a whole, the upper surface of the wing-shaped column is tightly attached to the lower surface of the top plate, and the bottom of the outer baffle is welded to the corresponding upper surface of the base plate to form a liquid cooling cavity, and a plurality of the wing-shaped columns are arranged in the liquid cooling cavity.

2. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two groups of water inlet and outlet nozzles, which are respectively welded and connected to the corresponding water inlet and water outlet.

3. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of wing-shaped columns are arranged along the length direction of the base plate in a manner that an outer row of wing-shaped column groups and an inner row of wing-shaped column groups are arranged in sequence. Each group of outer row of wing-shaped column groups includes Y-direction outer wing-shaped columns located on both sides of the width direction of the liquid cooling chamber, and a plurality of first inner wing-shaped columns, the first inner wing-shaped columns are evenly arranged along the width between the Y-direction outer wing-shaped columns of the corresponding group, each group of inner row of wing-shaped column groups includes a plurality of second inner wing-shaped columns, the second inner wing-shaped columns are arranged in the width direction interval area of ​​the wing-shaped columns of the outer row of wing-shaped column groups in adjacent rows, each group of second inner wing-shaped columns of the inner row of wing-shaped column groups is inwardly set relative to the outer row of wing-shaped column groups at the inlet end along the X direction, the outer row of wing-shaped column groups located in the outflow direction of the inflow direction are inwardly set relative to the outer row of wing-shaped column groups at the inlet end along the X direction, and a group of inner row of wing-shaped column groups is arranged in the interval area between two adjacent groups of outer row of wing-shaped column groups.

4. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the upper cover plate, the bottom plate and the wing-shaped columns are made of copper, a layer of copper welding sheet is provided on the upper surface of each group of wing-shaped columns, and the copper welding sheet is closely attached to the lower surface of the corresponding position of the top plate.

5. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L of each airfoil column is 4-6 mm, the end of the front inlet end is the widest part of the airfoil column, which is located at 20% of the length area of ​​the airfoil column, and the width B of the widest part is 1-1.5 mm.

6. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width direction interval La between adjacent wing-shaped columns in each row of wing-shaped column groups is 4B, which ensures that the wing-shaped columns corresponding to the wing-shaped column groups in adjacent rows are arranged behind or in front of the middle position of the width area of ​​the two groups of wing-shaped columns.

7. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spacing distance between the front inflow end of the wing-shaped column of the outer row wing-shaped column group and the front inflow end of the wing-shaped column of the adjacent inner row wing-shaped column group is Lb, Lb = 0.6L ~ 1L.

8. The airfoil column liquid cooling plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spacing distance between the front inflow end of the rear airfoil column and the front airfoil column of each row of airfoil columns is Lc, where Lc=1.6L~2L.

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