Electronic device

Abstract

The invention discloses electronic equipment. A radiating body comprises a feeding point and a switching point which are spaced from each other; the signal source is electrically connected with the feeding point; one end of the switch switching circuit is electrically connected with the switching point, and the other end of the switch switching circuit is grounded; the antenna unit forms a first resonance mode supporting a target frequency band when the switch switching circuit is in a disconnected state, and the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves formed by resonance current of the first resonance mode is a first radiation direction; the antenna unit forms a second resonant mode supporting a target frequency band when the switch switching circuit is in a conducting state, and the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves formed by resonant current of the second resonant mode is a second radiation direction; the resonance current of the first resonance mode and the resonance current of the second resonance mode are different in distribution, and the first radiation direction and the second radiation direction face different sides respectively. According to the invention, the radiation direction of the antenna is adjustable while the occupied space is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The radiation direction of the antenna in an electronic device has a great influence on the strength of the received and transmitted signals. As the portability of electronic devices increases, the internal space of electronic devices is becoming increasingly limited. How to reduce the occupied space while making the antenna radiation direction of the electronic device adjustable and the radiation pattern reconfigurable to improve the strength of the antenna signal reception and transmission has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an electronic device that can reduce the occupied space while achieving adjustable antenna radiation direction and reconfigurable radiation pattern to improve the antenna signal receiving and sending strength.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising an antenna assembly and a reference ground, the antenna assembly comprising at least one antenna unit, the antenna unit comprising:

[0005] A radiator, the radiator is spaced apart from the reference floor, and the radiator includes a feeding point and a switching point spaced apart from each other;

[0006] A signal source, the signal source being electrically connected to the feeding point;

[0007] a switch switching circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the switching point, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the reference ground;

[0008] The antenna unit forms a first resonance mode supporting the target frequency band when the switch switching circuit is in an off state, and the resonance current of the first resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction that is a first radiation direction;

[0009] The antenna unit forms a second resonance mode supporting the target frequency band when the switch switching circuit is in the on state, and the resonance current of the second resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction which is a second radiation direction; the resonance current of the first resonance mode and the resonance current of the second resonance mode are distributed differently, and the first radiation direction and the second radiation direction are respectively directed toward different sides of the reference floor.

[0010] In a second aspect, an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a back cover, a frame, at least one first antenna unit and at least one second antenna unit, the first antenna unit is the antenna unit, the second antenna unit is the antenna unit, the frame is surrounded by the peripheral side of the back cover, the frame includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge connected in sequence, the first antenna unit is arranged on the first side edge or the second side edge, the main radiator of the second antenna unit is arranged on the top edge, the parasitic radiator of the second antenna unit is located on the top edge, or, at least part of the parasitic radiator of the second antenna unit is located on the first side edge or the second side edge.

[0011] The present application designs the radiator of the antenna unit to include a feeding point and a switching point spaced apart, the signal source is electrically connected to the feeding point, one end of the switch switching circuit is electrically connected to the switching point, and the other end of the switch switching circuit is grounded. When the switch switching circuit is in an off state, the antenna unit forms a first resonance mode supporting the target frequency band, and the resonance current of the first resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction of the first radiation direction; when the switch switching circuit is in an on state, the antenna unit forms a second resonance mode supporting the target frequency band, and the resonance current of the second resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction of the second radiation direction; the resonance current of the first resonance mode and the resonance current of the second resonance mode are distributed differently, and the first radiation direction and the second radiation direction are respectively directed to different sides of the reference floor. In this way, the radiation direction of the antenna unit can be adjusted and the radiation pattern can be reconstructed by switching the state of the switch switching circuit, so as to improve the antenna signal reception and transmission strength and occupy less space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 3 is a top view of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a first antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 6is a current distribution diagram of a first resonant mode on a first antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 7 is a current distribution diagram on a first antenna unit and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 8 is a directional diagram of the first antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application in a first resonance mode;

[0021] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another first antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a first sub-mode on a first antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of current distribution on a first antenna unit and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of a second sub-mode on a first antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of current distribution on a first antenna unit and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig.14 is a radiation pattern of the first antenna unit in the second resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.15 is an axial ratio diagram of the first antenna unit in the second resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.16 is a structural schematic diagram of a first switch switching circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.17 is a structural schematic diagram of a second first switch switching circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.18 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.19 is a schematic structural diagram of a second radiator of a second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application on a middle frame;

[0032] Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a second antenna unit on a middle frame provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.21 is a current distribution diagram of the second antenna unit in the third resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig. 22 is a directional diagram of the second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application operating in a third resonance mode;

[0035] Fig.23 is a current distribution diagram of the second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application working in the fourth resonance mode;

[0036] Fig.24 is a current distribution diagram of a second radiator of a second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is disposed on the middle frame and operates in a fourth resonance mode;

[0037] Fig.25 is a floor current distribution diagram formed on the floor when the second antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application works in the fourth resonance mode;

[0038] Fig.26 is a directional diagram of the second antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application operating in a fourth resonance mode;

[0039] Fig. 27 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is provided with two first antenna units and one second antenna unit;

[0040] Fig.28 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is provided with two first antenna units and two second antenna units;

[0041] Fig.29 It is a circuit block diagram of a first control unit, a first switch switching circuit, and a second antenna switching circuit in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.30 It is a circuit block diagram of a second control unit, a first switch switching circuit, and a second antenna switching circuit in an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0044] Electronic device 1000; antenna assembly 100; display screen 200; middle frame 300; back cover 400; middle plate 310; frame portion 320; top edge 321; bottom edge 322; first side edge 323; second side edge 324; antenna unit 10; radiator 1; signal source 2; switch switching circuit 3; feeding point A; switching point B; reference floor 500; first antenna unit 10a; radiator 1; first radiator 1a; first feeding point A1; first switching point B1; first Switching circuit 3a; first matching circuit M1; first free end C; second free end D; first reference ground edge 510; first switch unit 31a; first switching branch 32a; second antenna unit 10b; second radiator 1b; second feeding point A2; second switching point B2; second switching circuit 3b; second matching circuit M2; main radiator 11b; parasitic radiator 12b; first grounding point E; third free end F; fourth free end G; second grounding point H. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0048] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a computer, a wearable device, a drone, a robot, a digital camera, and other devices with communication functions. The present embodiment of the present application is described using a mobile phone as an example, and other electronic devices may refer to this embodiment.

[0049] See also Figure 2 , the electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. The antenna assembly 100 can improve antenna efficiency.

[0050] See also Figure 2 , the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated by taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300 and a back cover 400 arranged in sequence along the thickness direction. Among them, the middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame portion 320 surrounding the periphery of the middle plate 310. The frame portion 320 may be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a middle plate 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 are stacked in sequence, and a receiving space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 to accommodate components such as a main board, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery, and various sensors. One side of the frame portion 320 is surrounded by the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame portion 320 is surrounded by the edge of the back cover 400 to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame portion 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integral structure, and the frame portion 320 and the back cover 400 may be separate structures. The above is the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0051] See also Figure 3 The frame portion 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 322 that are arranged opposite to each other, and a first side edge 323 and a second side edge 324 that are connected to the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000, and the bottom edge 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000. The first side edge 323 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000.

[0052] The electronic device 1000 includes a reference floor 500. The shape of the reference floor 500 is roughly rectangular, wherein the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500 includes but is not limited to a straight edge or a regular edge. Because devices are set up in the mobile phone as needed or other structures are avoided, various grooves, holes, etc. are opened on the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes but is not limited to the metal alloy part of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal part of the circuit board (including the main board and the sub-board). Generally speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a rough rectangle, so it is called the reference floor 500. Among them, the reference floor 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is plate-like and is a rectangular plate.

[0053] The antenna assembly 100 includes at least one antenna unit 10. The structure of one antenna unit 10 is specifically described below by way of example.

[0054] See also Figure 4 The antenna unit 10 includes a radiator 1, a signal source 2 and a switch circuit 3.

[0055] The radiator 1 is a port for the antenna assembly 100 to send and receive radio frequency signals. The radio frequency signal is transmitted in the air medium in the form of an electromagnetic wave signal. The present application does not specifically limit the material of the radiator 1. Optionally, the material of the radiator 1 is a conductive material, including but not limited to conductive materials such as metals and alloys.

[0056] The present application does not specifically limit the shape of the radiator 1. For example, the shape of the radiator 1 includes but is not limited to a strip, a sheet, a rod, a coating, a film, and the like. Figure 4 The radiator 1 shown is only an example and does not limit the shape of the radiator 1 provided in the present application. In the present embodiment, the radiator 1 is in a strip shape. The present application does not limit the extension trajectory of the radiator 1. Optionally, the radiator 1 may extend along a curve or along a bending line. In the present embodiment, the radiator 1 is in a bending shape. The radiator 1 described above may be a line with uniform width on the extension trajectory, or may be a strip with unequal width such as a gradient width and a widened area.

[0057] The present application does not specifically limit the form of the radiator 1. Optionally, the form of the radiator 1 includes but is not limited to a metal frame, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame, a metal radiator 1 located in or on the frame portion 320, a flexible printed circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser direct structured antenna by laser direct structure (LDS), a printed direct structured antenna by printing direct structure (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (such as a metal bracket antenna), etc.

[0058] The reference floor 500 includes a first reference ground edge 510, and the radiator 1 is spaced apart from the first reference ground edge 510. Optionally, the radiator 1 is arranged in parallel with the first reference ground edge 510. Of course, in other embodiments, the extension direction of the radiator 1 may form a smaller angle with the extension direction of the first reference ground edge 510, for example, an angle less than 30°.

[0059] See also Figure 4 , the radiator 1 includes a feeding point A and a switching point B spaced apart from each other.

[0060] The signal source 2 is electrically connected to the feeding point A.

[0061] The first signal source 220 includes but is not limited to a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. The first signal source 220 is used to transmit a radio frequency signal (radio frequency current). After the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the radiator 1, it can excite the radiator 1 to partially or completely generate a resonant current to form a resonant mode to support the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the first signal source 220 is disposed on the mainboard. The electrical connection method between the first signal source 220 and the radiator 1 includes but is not limited to direct welding, or indirect connection through coaxial lines, microstrip lines, conductive springs, conductive adhesives, etc. Specifically, the first signal source 220 is electrically connected to the first feeding point AB through a feeding spring (conductive spring) disposed on the mainboard.

[0063] The switch switching circuit 3 may be arranged on a circuit board. One end of the switch switching circuit 3 is electrically connected to the switching point B, wherein the electrical connection method includes but is not limited to being electrically connected by a conductive spring, and the other end of the switch switching circuit 3 is grounded. Specifically, the other end of the switch switching circuit 3 is electrically connected to the reference ground 500.

[0064] The antenna unit 10 forms a first resonance mode supporting the target frequency band when the switch circuit 3 is in the off state, and the resonance current of the first resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction as a first radiation direction. The first radiation direction is a main radiation direction, that is, a main lobe direction.

[0065] The antenna unit 10 forms a second resonance mode supporting the target frequency band when the switch circuit 3 is in the on state, and the resonance current of the second resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction as a second radiation direction. The first radiation direction is the main radiation direction, that is, the main lobe direction.

[0066] In other words, the antenna unit 10 can form different resonance modes supporting the target frequency band when the switch circuit 3 switches between the disconnection state and the conduction state, thereby forming different electromagnetic wave radiation directions.

[0067] The resonant current of the first resonant mode and the resonant current of the second resonant mode are distributed differently, and the first radiation direction and the second radiation direction are respectively oriented toward different sides of the reference floor 500. Taking the electronic device 1000 as a reference, the top edge 321, the bottom edge 322, the first side edge 323, the second side edge 324, the back cover 400, and the display screen 200 of the electronic device 1000 are all located on different sides of the reference floor 500. When the switch switching circuit 3 switches between the disconnected state / the on state, the antenna unit 10 can change the side where the electromagnetic wave radiation direction of the antenna unit 10 is located. For example, the electromagnetic wave radiation direction of the antenna unit 10 switches from the top edge 321 to the bottom edge 322, and so on.

[0068] Optional, see Figure 4 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a matching circuit M. The matching circuit M is electrically connected between the feed point A and the signal source 2. The matching circuit M is used to adjust the impedance matching between the port of the signal source 2 and the port of the radiator 1. The matching circuit M includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. Further, the matching circuit M further includes a switch selection circuit, which is used to select devices with different impedances to work, so as to adjust the electrical length of the radiator 1, thereby changing the caliber of the radiator 1 and adjusting the electrical length of the radiator 1.

[0069] The present application designs the radiator 1 of the antenna unit 10 to include a feed point A and a switching point B spaced apart, the signal source 2 is electrically connected to the feed point A, one end of the switch switching circuit 3 is electrically connected to the switching point B, and the other end of the switch switching circuit 3 is grounded. When the switch switching circuit 3 is in the off state, the antenna unit 10 forms a first resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and the resonant current of the first resonant mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction of the first radiation direction. When the switch switching circuit 3 is in the on state, the antenna unit 10 forms a second resonant mode supporting the target frequency band, and the resonant current of the second resonant mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction of the second radiation direction. The resonant current of the first resonant mode is different from the resonant current distribution of the second resonant mode, and the first radiation direction and the second radiation direction are respectively oriented to different sides of the reference floor 500. In this way, by switching the state of the switch switching circuit 3, the radiation direction of the antenna unit 10 can be adjusted, and the radiation pattern can be reconstructed to improve the antenna signal receiving and transmitting strength, and occupy less space.

[0070] The structure of the antenna unit 10 provided in the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] See also Figure 5 For the sake of convenience, in this embodiment, the antenna unit 10 is defined as the first antenna unit 10a, the radiator 1 is the first radiator 1a, the feeding point A is the first feeding point A1, the switching point B is the first switching point B1, the switch switching circuit 3 is the first switch switching circuit 3a, and the matching circuit M is the first matching circuit M1.

[0072] The two ends of the first radiator 1a are respectively a first free end C and a second free end D. The first free end C is the end where a break is formed on the frame 320. Of course, the break next to the first free end C can be filled with insulating material to ensure the firmness of the connection between the first radiator 1a and other conductive structures.

[0073] The first feeding point A1 is located at the first free end C or between the first free end C and the first switching point B1. The first switching point B1 is located at the second free end D or between the second free end D and the first feeding point A1. Specifically, the first feeding point A1 is located at the first free end C, and the first switching point B1 is located at the second free end D; or, the first feeding point A1 is located at the first free end C, and the first switching point B1 is located between the first feeding point A1 and the second free end D, and the distance between the first switching point B1 and the second free end D is smaller than the distance between the first switching point B1 and the first feeding point A1; or, the first feeding point A1 is located between the first switching point B1 and the first free end C, the first switching point B1 is located at the second free end D, and the first feeding point A1 1 and the first free end C is smaller than the distance between the first feeding point A1 and the first switching point B1; or, the first feeding point A1 is located between the first switching point B1 and the first free end C, the first switching point B1 is located between the second free end D and the first feeding point A1, and the distance between the first feeding point A1 and the first free end C is smaller than the distance between the first feeding point A1 and the first switching point B1, and the distance between the first switching point B1 and the second free end D is smaller than the distance between the first switching point B1 and the first feeding point A1. In the above, the first feeding point A1 is close to the first free end C or located at the first free end C, and the first switching point B1 is close to the second free end D or located at the second free end D, so that the length between the first feeding point A1 and the first switching point B1 accounts for a larger proportion of the length of the first radiator 1a, and the utilization rate of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode for the first radiator 1a is high.

[0074] See also Figure 6 When the first switch circuit 3a is in the off state, the first radiator 1a is not grounded, and both ends of the first radiator 1a are free ends, so that the first antenna unit 10a forms a dipole antenna. At this time, the current distribution of the first resonant mode formed by the first signal source 220 exciting the first radiator 1a is a dipole mode.

[0075] See also Figure 7 , the resonant current of the first resonant mode between the first free end C and the second free end D increases first and then decreases. That is, the resonant current distribution of the first resonant mode between the first free end C and the second free end D is small at both ends and large in the middle. The electrical length between the first free end C and the second free end D is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the target frequency band, and the first resonant mode is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the target frequency band.

[0076] See also Figure 6, the first radiator 1a is arranged along the first reference ground edge 510 and spaced from the first reference ground edge 510. The first radiation direction is the direction of the first radiator 1a away from the first reference ground edge 510. Optionally, the first radiator 1a is a conductive frame, and the first reference ground edge 510 is an edge of the circuit board close to the first radiator 1a.

[0077] See also Figure 6 , the first signal source 220 excites the first radiator 1a to form a first resonance mode supporting the target frequency band.

[0078] See also Figure 8 In this embodiment, the first radiator 1a is affected by the reference floor 500, and the direction of the radiation energy of the first resonance mode, that is, the first radiation direction, is that the first radiator 1a radiates in the direction away from the edge 510 of the first reference ground.

[0079] For example, the first radiator 1 a is disposed on the second side 324 , and the first radiation direction is substantially horizontal and toward the right.

[0080] The reference floor 500 includes a first reference ground edge 510, a second reference ground edge, a third reference ground edge, and a fourth reference ground edge. The first reference ground edge 510 and the third reference ground edge are edges in the length direction of the reference floor 500. The second reference ground edge and the fourth reference ground edge are edges in the width direction of the reference floor 500.

[0081] The distance between the first feeding point A1 and the first free end C is smaller than the distance between the first feeding point A1 and the midpoint of the first radiator 1a. In other words, the first feeding point A1 is close to the first free end C or is the first free end C. The distance between the first switching point B1 and the second free end D is smaller than the distance between the first switching point B1 and the midpoint of the first radiator 1a. In other words, the first switching point B1 is close to the second free end D or is the second free end D. In this way, the length between the first feeding point A1 and the first switching point B1 accounts for a larger proportion of the length of the first radiator 1a, and the electrical length of the resonant current formed on the first radiator 1a is longer, which can support a larger frequency band range.

[0082] See also Fig. 9, the first signal source 220, the first radiator 1a, the first switch switching circuit 3a and the first reference ground edge 510 surround to form a gap 511. When the first switch switching circuit 3a is in the on state, the second resonant mode is a circular polarization mode that supports the target frequency band. The second radiation direction is the direction of the side facing the reference floor 500. Specifically, the second radiation direction includes the direction of the reference floor 500 toward the back cover 400 and the direction of the reference floor 500 toward the display screen 200. Among them, the second radiation direction can be the normal direction of the reference floor 500 or an angle less than 90 degrees offset from the normal direction of the reference floor 500 toward the side where the top edge 321 is located, or an angle less than 90 degrees offset from the normal direction of the reference floor 500 toward the side where the bottom edge 322 is located.

[0083] For details, please refer to Fig. 9 Taking the first feeding point A1 as the first free end C and the first switching point B1 as the second free end D as an example, the second resonance mode formed by the first radiator 1a under the excitation of the first signal source 220 has different electric field polarization directions at different phases.

[0084] Specifically, the second resonant mode includes a first sub-mode operating at a first phase. The second resonant mode also includes a second sub-mode operating at a second phase. The difference between the first phase and the second phase is close to 90°. The polarization direction of the electric field formed by the resonant current of the first sub-mode is close to or perpendicular to the polarization direction of the electric field formed by the resonant current of the second sub-mode. The electric field formed by the resonant current of the first sub-mode has a similar amplitude to the electric field formed by the resonant current of the second sub-mode. The first sub-mode and the second sub-mode are orthogonal to each other and differ in phase by 90°, so a circular polarization mode can be synthesized.

[0085] Specifically, the equivalent electrical length between the first feeding point A1 and the first switching point B1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band, for example, 0.25-0.5λ. Taking the first phase as 0° as an example, the first sub-mode is a similar 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the target frequency band.

[0086] See also Fig.10 and Fig.11, the resonant current of the first sub-mode flows from the first feeding point A1 to the first switching point B1. The resonant current of the first sub-mode at the first feeding point A1 is smaller than the resonant current at the first switching point B1. Furthermore, the intensity of the resonant current of the first sub-mode at the first feeding point A1 is the smallest, and the current intensity of the resonant current of the first sub-mode gradually increases from the first feeding point A1 to the first switching point B1, and the intensity of the resonant current of the first sub-mode at the first switching point B1 is the largest. At this time, the resonant current of the first sub-mode of the first antenna unit 10a at the first phase is similar to or close to a monopole antenna mode of 1 / 4 wavelength.

[0087] See also Fig.11 , the electric field polarization direction formed by the resonant current of the first sub-mode is parallel to the direction of the first radiator 1a. For example, the first radiator 1a is arranged on the second side 324, and the resonant current of the first sub-mode is substantially vertically upward, that is, the first sub-mode is vertically polarized.

[0088] In this embodiment, when the first switch switching circuit 3a is switched from the off state to the on state, by adjusting the switch selection circuit in the first matching circuit M1, for example, adding a small series capacitor and reducing the electrical length of the first radiator 1a, the first radiator 1a can generate a resonant current similar to a 1 / 4 wavelength monopole antenna mode, thereby exciting a circular polarization mode.

[0089] For details, please refer to Fig.12 and Fig.13 , the resonant current of the second sub-mode includes a first sub-current and a second sub-current with opposite directions. The first sub-current flows from the first feeding point A1 to the first current weakness point between the first feeding point A1 and the first switching point B1. The second sub-current flows from the first switching point B1 to the first current weakness point. The current intensity of the second sub-mode at the first current weakness point is less than the current intensity of the second sub-mode at the first switching point B1. The current intensity of the second sub-mode at the first current weakness point is less than the current intensity of the second sub-mode at the first feeding point A1. In other words, the resonant current of the second sub-mode is small in the middle and large at both ends. At this time, the resonant current of the second sub-mode of the first antenna unit 10a is a slot antenna mode, similar to a half-wave slot.

[0090] See also Fig.13 , the electric field of the second sub-mode is the direction in which the first radiator 1a points to the first reference ground edge 510. For example, the first radiator 1a is disposed on the second side 324, and the electric field polarization direction of the second sub-mode is horizontal, for example, horizontal to the right, that is, the second sub-mode is horizontally polarized.

[0091] The second sub-mode is a slot antenna mode. The second sub-mode forms a half-wave magnetic current in the slot, and the direction of the magnetic current is from the first feeding point A1 to the first switching point B1 or from the first switching point B1 to the first feeding point A1. The second sub-mode is switched to the on state by the first switch switching circuit 3a, so that a slot is formed between the first signal source 220, the first radiator 1a, the first switch switching circuit 3a and the reference floor 500. The first signal source 220 excites the first radiator 1a to form a half-wave resonant current. Accordingly, a half-wave magnetic current is formed in the slot and radiates outward in the form of a magnetic current.

[0092] Optionally, when the first phase is 0°, the polarization direction of the first submode is parallel to the first radiator 1a. When the second phase is 90°, the polarization direction of the second submode is along the first reference ground edge 510 pointing to the first radiator 1a. The electric field of the first sub-mode is orthogonal to the electric field of the second sub-mode and has a phase difference of 90°. The first sub-mode and the second sub-mode work alternately. For example, at a phase of 0°, the first radiator 1a forms a resonant current of the first sub-mode under the excitation of the first signal source 220, forming a vertical polarization vertically upward; at a phase of 90°, the first radiator 1a forms a resonant current of the second sub-mode under the excitation of the first signal source 220, forming a horizontal polarization horizontally to the right; at a phase of 180°, the first radiator 1a forms a resonant current in the opposite direction to the resonant current of the first sub-mode under the excitation of the first signal source 220, forming a vertical polarization vertically downward; at a phase of 270°, the first radiator 1a forms a resonant current in the opposite direction to the resonant current of the second sub-mode under the excitation of the first signal source 220, forming a horizontal polarization horizontally to the left; and so on. The electric field vector of the first radiator 1a in the second resonant mode rotates along the circumferential direction in space, and the first radiator 1a supports the transmission of the first frequency band signal in a circularly polarized manner. Therefore, the second resonance mode is a circular polarization mode.

[0093] See also Fig.14 and Fig.15 , Fig.14 is the directional diagram of the first antenna unit 10a when the first switch circuit 3a is in the on state. Fig.15 is an axial ratio diagram of the first antenna unit 10a when the first switch circuit 3a is in the on state. Fig.14 It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the first antenna unit 10a when the first switch circuit 3a is in the on state is from the reference floor 500 to the back cover 400 or the display screen 200. Fig.15It can be seen that the axial ratio of the first antenna unit 10a in the range near the vertical axis of the reference floor 500 is small when the first switch switching circuit 3a is in the on state, that is, the first antenna unit 10a meets the circularly polarized wave performance in the range near the vertical axis of the reference floor 500 when the first switch switching circuit 3a is in the on state.

[0094] In the above, the state of the first switch switching circuit 3a is changed to change the structure of the first antenna unit 10a. The electrical length and impedance of the first radiator 1a are adjusted by adjusting the first matching circuit M1, so that the first radiator 1a forms a resonant mode with different resonant current distribution when the first switch switching circuit 3a is in the off state or the on state to form different radiation directions. In this way, the radiation pattern is reconstructed without adding additional antennas, and the first antenna unit 10a is switched between radiating horizontally to the right, radiating with the reference floor 500 toward the back cover 400, and radiating with the reference floor 500 toward the side of the display screen 200.

[0095] The structure of the first switch circuit 3a is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0096] Optional, see Fig.16 , the first switch switching circuit 3a includes a first switch unit 31a. One end of the first switch unit 31a is electrically connected to the first switching point B1, and the other end of the first switch unit 31a is grounded. In this embodiment, the first switch switching circuit 3a has an open state disconnected from the reference floor 500 and a short circuit state electrically connected to the reference floor 500.

[0097] For optional reference, see Fig.17 The first switch switching circuit 3a includes a first switch unit 31a and a plurality of first switch branches 32a. Each of the first switch branches 32a has a different impedance. One end of the first switch unit 31a is electrically connected to the first switch point B1. The other end of the first switch unit 31a can selectively conduct one end of at least one of the plurality of first switch branches 32a. One end of each of the first switch branches 32a away from the first switch unit 31a is grounded. The first switch branch 32a includes an inductor and / or a capacitor, etc.

[0098] In this embodiment, by setting the first switch switching circuit 3a to include multiple first switching branches 32a, the first switch switching circuit 3a can be switched to different impedances. In this way, the first switch switching circuit 3a can change the electrical length of the first radiator 1a, change the resonance mode or switch the frequency band supported by the first antenna unit 10a when the target frequency band remains unchanged, so that the first antenna unit 10a can switch the radiation direction in multiple frequency bands. For example, if the target frequency band is the MHB frequency band, the first switch switching circuit 3a can be switched to the first switching branch 32a electrically connected to a different frequency band through the first switch unit 31a, and switch the sub-band of the MHB frequency band, for example, from B1 to B3, etc.

[0099] The present application does not specifically limit the position where the first antenna unit 10a is set in the first embodiment. Optionally, the first antenna unit 10a can be set at any one of the top edge 321, the bottom edge 322, the first side edge 323, and the second side edge 324. Further, the present application does not specifically limit the number of the first antenna units 10a in the first embodiment. Optionally, the number of the first antenna units 10a can be one, two, three, or four.

[0100] See also Fig.18 For the sake of convenience, in this embodiment, the antenna unit 10 is defined as the second antenna unit 10b, the radiator 1 is the second radiator 1b, the feeding point A is the second feeding point A2, the switching point B is the second switching point B2, the switch switching circuit 3 is the second switch switching circuit 3b, and the matching circuit M is the second matching circuit M2.

[0101] See also Fig.18 The second radiator 1b includes a main radiator 11b and a parasitic radiator 12b.

[0102] See also Fig.18 , the main radiator 11b includes a first grounding point E, a second feeding point A2 and a third free end F which are arranged in sequence. The first grounding point E and the third free end F are two ends of the main radiator 11b. The first grounding point E is electrically connected to the reference ground 500. The third free end F is the end where the fracture is formed on the frame 320. Of course, the fracture next to the third free end F can be filled with insulating material to ensure the firmness of the connection between the main radiator 11b and other conductive structures.

[0103] See also Fig.18The parasitic radiator 12b includes a fourth free end G and a second grounding point H which are sequentially arranged. The second grounding point H and the fourth free end G are two ends of the parasitic radiator 12b. The second grounding point H is electrically connected to the reference ground 500. The fourth free end G is the end where the break is formed on the frame 320. Of course, the break next to the fourth free end G can be filled with an insulating material to ensure the firmness of the connection between the parasitic radiator 12b and other conductive structures.

[0104] There is a coupling gap between the third free end F and the fourth free end G, and the coupling gap is about 1-2 mm. The main radiator 11 b and the parasitic radiator 12 b can be coupled through the coupling gap. The second grounding point H is used to electrically connect to the reference ground 500 .

[0105] In the first implementation, see Fig.18 and Fig.19 , the second switching point B2 is located at the second grounding point H, that is, the second switch switching circuit 3b is electrically connected to the second grounding point H. In this embodiment, when the second switch switching circuit 3b is in the on state, one end of the parasitic radiator 12b is coupled with the main radiator 11b, and one end of the parasitic radiator 12b away from the main radiator 11b is grounded, and the parasitic radiator 12b can be coupled with the main radiator 11b through the coupling gap, thereby achieving a current-guiding effect on the main radiator 11b. When the second switch switching circuit 3b is in the off state, the parasitic radiator 12b is disconnected from the reference ground 500, the parasitic radiator 12b is a suspended branch, and the parasitic radiator 12b does not form a current-guiding effect on the main radiator 11b.

[0106] In the second implementation, see Fig. 20 The second switching point B2 is located at the fourth free end G, that is, the second switch switching circuit 3b is electrically connected to the fourth free end G, and the second grounding point H is directly grounded.

[0107] In this embodiment, when the second switch switching circuit 3b is in the on state, both ends of the parasitic radiator 12b are grounded, the parasitic radiator 12b is integrated with the reference ground 500, and the parasitic radiator 12b does not form a current-guiding effect on the main radiator 11b. When the second switch switching circuit 3b is in the off state, the fourth free end G of the parasitic radiator 12b is coupled with the main radiator 11b, and the parasitic radiator 12b is grounded away from the second grounding point H of the main radiator 11b, and the parasitic radiator 12b can be coupled with the main radiator 11b through the coupling gap.

[0108] The electrical length between the first ground point E and the third free end F is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the target frequency band.

[0109] See also Fig.21, when the second switch switching circuit 3b switches to the parasitic radiator 12b and does not form a current-guiding effect on the main radiator 11b, specifically including the second switching point B2 being located at the second grounding point H, and the second switch switching circuit 3b being in the disconnected state, or the second switching point B2 being located at the fourth free end G, and the second switch switching circuit 3b being in the on state.

[0110] See also Fig.21 At this time, the resonant mode of the second antenna unit 10b (i.e., the resonant mode formed by the signal source 2 exciting the main radiator 11b) is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode operating between the first ground point E and the third free end F. The resonant current of this resonant mode flows from the first ground point E to the third free end F. At this time, the second antenna unit 10b is an IFA antenna.

[0111] See also Fig. 22 In this embodiment, the second radiator 1b is affected by the reference floor 500, and the direction of the resonant mode radiation energy of the second antenna unit 10b is the direction in which the main radiator 11b is away from the first reference ground edge 510. For example, the main radiator 11b is provided at the top edge 321, and the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b is the direction in which the top edge 321 is away from the reference floor 500.

[0112] The electrical length of the parasitic radiator 12b is 0.2-0.3 times the wavelength of the target frequency band, and the electrical length of the parasitic radiator 12b is close to 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the target frequency band.

[0113] See also Fig.23 , when the second switch switching circuit 3b switches to the parasitic radiator 12b and the main radiator 11b, specifically including the second switching point B2 is located at the second grounding point H, and the second switch switching circuit 3b is in the on state, or the second switching point B2 is located at the fourth free end G, and the second switch switching circuit 3b is in the off state.

[0114] See also Fig.23 and Fig.24At this time, the resonant mode of the second antenna unit 10b (i.e., the resonant mode formed by the signal source 2 exciting the main radiator 11b) forms a third sub-current between the first grounding point E and the third free end F, and generates a fourth sub-current in the opposite direction of the third sub-current between the fourth free end G and the second grounding point H. The current mode of the third sub-current is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode. The intensity of the third sub-current is greater than the intensity of the fourth sub-current. The direction of the third sub-current is opposite to that of the fourth sub-current. Among them, the fourth sub-current is the current formed on the parasitic radiator 12b due to the current-guiding effect of the parasitic radiator 12b on the main radiator 11b. Among them, the parasitic radiator 12b does not form a current-guiding effect on the main radiator 11b, which means that the parasitic radiator 12b no longer forms the above-mentioned fourth sub-current, or no coupling current coupled with the main radiator 11b is formed on the parasitic radiator 12b, that is, the parasitic radiator 12b is not coupled with the main radiator 11b.

[0115] Please also read Fig.24 and Fig.25 The parasitic radiator 12 b directs the current to the side where the parasitic radiator 12 b is located, so as to stimulate more current on the reference floor 500 from the side of the reference floor 500 away from the second radiator 1 b .

[0116] See also Fig.26 , the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b is the direction in which the reference floor 500 is away from the main radiator 11b.

[0117] In this embodiment, the second antenna unit 10b is a mouth-to-mouth antenna. The parasitic radiator 12b excites a reverse current of 1 / 4 wavelength under the coupling effect of the main radiator 11b. At this time, the parasitic radiator 12b is equivalent to a parasitic capacitor to direct the current to the side of the parasitic radiator 12b. On the one hand, the radiation energy formed by the reverse current on the parasitic radiator 12b can offset the radiation energy on the main radiator 11b. On the other hand, the parasitic radiator 12b directs the current to the side where the parasitic radiator 12b is located, so as to excite more current on the reference floor 500 away from the side of the second radiator 1b, so that the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b is the direction of the reference floor 500 away from the main radiator 11b.

[0118] Optional, see Fig.26 The direction in which the reference floor 500 deviates from the main radiator 11b includes but is not limited to the direction from the main radiator 11b to the adjacent reference edge on the reference floor 500, and may also be a direction having a decreasing angle with the direction from the main radiator 11b to the adjacent reference edge on the reference floor 500.

[0119] Optionally, the parasitic radiator 12b and the main radiator 11b may be disposed on the same side or different sides of the frame 320. For example, the entire main radiator 11b is disposed on the top side 321, a portion of the parasitic radiator 12b is disposed on the top side 321, and another portion is disposed on the second side 324. For another example, the entire main radiator 11b is disposed on the top side 321, the entire parasitic radiator 12b is disposed on the top side 321, and the parasitic radiator 12b is disposed at a position close to the first side 323 or the second side 324.

[0120] See also Fig.18 For example, the main radiator 11b of the second antenna unit 10b is disposed on the top edge 321, a portion of the parasitic radiator 12b is disposed on the top edge 321, and another portion of the parasitic radiator 12b is disposed on the second side edge 324.

[0121] The angle difference between the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b and the direction from the top edge 321 to the bottom edge 322 is less than or equal to 60°. Further, the angle difference between the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b and the direction from the top edge 321 to the bottom edge 322 is less than or equal to 45°. In other words, when the parasitic radiator 12b does not form a current-directing effect on the main radiator 11b, the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b is in the direction toward the top edge 321. When the parasitic radiator 12b is working, the parasitic radiator 12b directs the directional pattern to the side where the bottom edge 322 is located, thereby realizing the reconstruction of the directional pattern.

[0122] The structure of the second switch circuit 3b is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0123] Optional, for reference Fig.16 , the second switch switching circuit 3b includes a second switch unit. One end of the second switch unit is electrically connected to the second switching point B2, and the other end of the second switch unit is grounded. In this embodiment, the second switch switching circuit 3b has an open state disconnected from the reference floor 500 and a short circuit state electrically connected to the reference floor 500.

[0124] Optional, please refer to Fig.17 The second switch switching circuit 3b includes a second switch unit and a plurality of second switch branches. The impedance of each second switch branch is different. One end of the second switch unit is electrically connected to the second switch point B2. The other end of the second switch unit can selectively conduct one end of at least one of the plurality of second switch branches. One end of each second switch branch away from the second switch unit is grounded. The second switch branch includes an inductor and / or a capacitor, etc.

[0125] In this embodiment, by setting the second switch switching circuit 3b to include multiple second switching branches, the second switch switching circuit 3b can be switched to different impedance grounds. In this way, the second switch switching circuit 3b can change the electrical length of the parasitic radiator 12b and tune a 1 / 4 wavelength reverse current on the parasitic radiator 12b.

[0126] The present application does not specifically limit the position of the second antenna unit 10b in the first embodiment. Optionally, the second antenna unit 10b can be set at any one of the top edge 321, the bottom edge 322, the first side edge 323, and the second side edge 324. Further, the present application does not specifically limit the number of the second antenna units 10b in the first embodiment. Optionally, the number of the second antenna units 10b can be one, two, three, or four.

[0127] Furthermore, the second matching circuit M2 also includes a switch selection circuit, which is used to select devices with different impedances to work, so as to adjust the electrical length of the radiator 1, thereby changing the aperture of the radiator 1 and adjusting the electrical length of the radiator 1. The switch switching circuit 3b supported by the second antenna unit 10b can be switched to a second switching branch with a different electrical connection through the second switch unit, thereby switching the sub-band of the MHB frequency band, for example, from B1 to B3, etc.

[0128] By changing the state of the second switch switching circuit 3b, the structure of the second antenna unit 10b is changed so that the second radiator 1b forms a resonant mode with different resonant current distribution when the second switch switching circuit 3b is in an off state or a on state to form different radiation directions. In this way, the reconstruction of the radiation pattern is achieved without adding additional antennas, and the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b is switched between the opposite sides (top edge 321 and bottom edge 322, first side edge 323 and second side edge 324).

[0129] An electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a back cover 400, a frame 320, at least one of the aforementioned first antenna units 10a, and at least one of the aforementioned second antenna units 10b.

[0130] The frame 320 surrounds the circumference of the back cover 400. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321, a first side edge 323, a bottom edge 322, and a second side edge 324 connected in sequence. The first antenna unit 10a is disposed on the first side edge 323 or the second side edge 324.

[0131] Optionally, the main radiator 11 b of the second antenna unit 10 b is disposed on the top edge 321 , and the parasitic radiator 12 b of the second antenna unit 10 b is located on the top edge 321 .

[0132] Optionally, at least a portion of the parasitic radiator 12 b of the second antenna unit 10 b is located on the first side 323 or the second side 324 .

[0133] The above implementations can all enable the second antenna unit 10b to radiate toward the top edge 321 when the parasitic radiator 12b does not form a current-directing effect on the main radiator 11b, and the second antenna unit 10b to radiate toward the bottom edge 322 when the parasitic radiator 12b is working, so as to switch the radiation direction of the second antenna unit 10b to the top edge 321 or the bottom edge 322 by switching the second switch switching circuit 3b.

[0134] Optional, see Fig. 27 The antenna assembly 100 includes a first antenna unit 10a arranged on the first side 323, a second antenna unit 10b arranged on the top side 321, and a first antenna unit 10a on the second side 324. In this way, by switching the first switch switching circuit 3a of the first antenna unit 10a and the second switch switching circuit 3b of the second antenna unit 10b, the antenna radiation direction in the electronic device 1000 can be switched among the top side 321 side, the bottom side 322 side, the side facing the reference floor 500 (including the side facing the display screen 200 and the side facing the back cover 400), the side where the first side 323 is located, and the side where the second side 324 is located. In this way, the antenna radiation direction in the electronic device 1000 can cover the top side 321 side, the bottom side 322 side, the side facing the reference floor 500, the side where the first side 323 is located, and the side where the second side 324 is located, thereby achieving full coverage and reducing signal blind spots.

[0135] Optional, see Fig.28 , the number of the first antenna units 10a is two. One of the first antenna units 10a is disposed on the first side 323 , and the other of the first antenna units 10a is disposed on the second side 324 . The antenna assembly 100 includes a first antenna unit 10a arranged on the second side 324, a first antenna unit 10a arranged on the first side 323, a second antenna unit 10b arranged on the top side 321, and a second antenna unit 10b arranged on the bottom side 322. In this way, by switching the first switch switching circuit 3a of the first antenna unit 10a and the second switch switching circuit 3b of the second antenna unit 10b, the antenna radiation direction in the electronic device 1000 can be switched among the top side 321 side, the bottom side 322 side, the side facing the reference floor 500, the side where the second side 324 is located, and the side where the first side 323 is located. In this way, the antenna radiation direction in the electronic device 1000 can cover the top side 321 side, the bottom side 322 side, the side facing the reference floor 500, the side where the second side 324 is located, and the side where the first side 323 is located, thereby achieving full coverage and reducing signal blind spots.

[0136] Furthermore, the distance between each of the first antenna units 10a and the top edge 321 is smaller than the distance between each of the first antenna units 10a and the bottom edge 322. In other words, the first antenna units 10a are disposed at the upper half of the electronic device 1000 to prevent the hand from shielding the first antenna units 10a disposed at the first side edge 323 and the second side edge 324 when the electronic device 1000 is held in one hand.

[0137] See also Fig.28 , the number of the second antenna units 10b is two, one of the second antenna units 10b is arranged on the top edge 321, and the other second antenna unit 10b is arranged on the bottom edge 322, and the orthographic projection of the second antenna unit 10b arranged on the top edge 321 in the extension direction of the first side edge 323 is at least partially staggered with the second antenna unit 10b on the bottom edge 322. For example, one second antenna unit 10b is arranged on the top edge 321 near the second side edge 324 (or near the first side edge 323), and the other second antenna unit 10b is arranged on the bottom edge 322 near the first side edge 323 (or near the second side edge 324). That is, the two second antenna units 10b are arranged at two corners respectively, so as to avoid the two hands from blocking the two second antenna units 10b at the same time when holding with both hands, so as to achieve the ability to radiate energy toward the top edge 321 or the bottom edge 322 when holding with both hands.

[0138] In the embodiment where one of the first antenna units 10a is disposed on the first side 323, another of the first antenna units 10a is disposed on the second side 324, one of the second antenna units 10b is disposed on the top side 321, and another of the second antenna units 10b is disposed on the bottom side 322, the four antenna units 10 may support the same frequency band, for example, two of the first antenna units 10a and two of the second antenna units 10b form a cellular antenna supporting 4×4 MIMO. In other embodiments, the four antenna units 10 may also support different frequency bands, for example, at least one of the two first antenna units 10a and the two second antenna units 10b is used to support at least one of the Wi-Fi frequency band, the GPS frequency band, and the Bluetooth frequency band, so as to realize intelligent switching of the directional pattern when supporting the Wi-Fi frequency band / GPS frequency band / Bluetooth frequency band.

[0139] The second antenna unit 10b in the present application switches the parasitic element to work through the second switch switching circuit 3b to adjust the radiation pattern, and the first antenna unit 10a changes the working state through the first switch switching circuit 3a to achieve radiation patterns with different beam directions.

[0140] See also Fig.29, the electronic device 1000 further includes a first control unit 600. The first control unit 600 is electrically connected to the first switch switching circuit 3a in the first antenna unit 10a and the second switch switching circuit 3b in the second antenna unit 10b. The first control unit 600 is used to control the switching state of the first switch switching circuit 3a in the first antenna unit 10a and the switching state of the second switch switching circuit 3b in the second antenna unit 10b according to the signal strength of the first antenna unit 10a and the signal strength of the second antenna unit 10b.

[0141] For example, the first control unit 600 detects the signal strength of the first antenna unit 10a on the first side 323 when the first switch switching circuit 3a is in an off state and in an on state, the signal strength of the first antenna unit 10a on the second side 324 when the first switch switching circuit 3a is in an off state and in an on state, the signal strength of the second antenna unit 10b on the top side 321 when the second switch switching circuit 3b is in an off state and in an on state, and the signal strength of the second antenna unit 10b on the bottom side 322 when the second switch switching circuit 3b is in an off state and in an on state. The target radiation direction is determined based on these signal strengths. The target radiation direction is the optimal signal radiation direction. The target antenna unit 10 and the target switching state of the switch switching circuit 3 in the target antenna unit 10 are determined based on the target radiation direction. The target antenna unit 10 is at least one of the first antenna unit 10a provided on the top edge 321, the first antenna unit 10a provided on the bottom edge 322, the second antenna unit 10b provided on the first side edge 323, and the second antenna unit 10b provided on the second side edge 324. Finally, the working state of the switch switching circuit 3 in the target antenna unit 10 is controlled to be the target switching state, so as to realize switching of the four antenna units 10 and the directional pattern state (towards up, down, left, right, front, and back) based on the intelligent algorithm according to the actual communication environment to ensure user experience.

[0142] See also Fig.30 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a second control unit 700. The second control unit 700 is electrically connected to the first switch switching circuit 3a in the first antenna unit 10a and the second switch switching circuit 3b in the second antenna unit 10b. The second control unit 700 is used to control the switch switching circuit 3 of the first antenna unit 10a to switch to a radiation direction toward the side where the back cover 400 is located when a human head is detected approaching the display screen 200 of the electronic device 1000.

[0143] The first control unit 600 and the second control unit 700 may have the same structure or different structures. The first control unit 600 may be a separately packaged chip or an integrated chip. The second control unit 700 may be a separately packaged chip or an integrated chip.

[0144] Furthermore, a metal support plate (such as copper foil) is provided at the bottom of the display screen 200 of the electronic device 1000, and the metal support plate is used to reflect the radiation direction of the first antenna unit 10a when the switching circuit is in the on state to the side facing the back cover 400. In this way, when the second control unit 700 detects that a person's head is close to the display screen 200 of the electronic device 1000 (for example, during a call), the switch switching circuit 3 of the first antenna unit 10a is controlled to switch to the on state. At this time, the radiation direction is toward the side where the back cover 400 is located, thereby effectively reducing SAR (specific absorption rate of electromagnetic waves) and improving the OTA index of the cellular antenna while meeting SAR compliance.

[0145] Mobile terminal antenna direction Figure 1 Generally, it radiates omnidirectionally, and the direction of the main beam of the directional pattern is random. The performance in scenarios requiring directional communication (for example, GPS, Bluetooth) is uncontrollable, and it cannot be adjusted according to the user's posture and the orientation of the phone. This application can achieve the function of beam controllability and switching according to the usage scenario and user posture through the above design, and can be effectively applied to the following scenarios.

[0146] The first application scenario: When a user uses a Bluetooth headset and puts the phone in his pocket, the phone is usually facing top or bottom. The Bluetooth antenna pattern of the phone cannot meet the user's optimal performance in a specific situation no matter which end it faces. Even if it is designed to omnidirectionally radiate up and down, it will face the problem of low gain (the antenna radiation energy is not concentrated. If it radiates in one direction, it is unpredictable for the user's usage habits). This application can monitor the signal strength of each antenna unit 10 in different working states to determine the optimal signal direction of the Bluetooth antenna, and then control the beam of the Bluetooth antenna to face the direction of the optimal signal strength.

[0147] The second application scenario: the mobile phone GPS antenna often only guarantees the upper hemisphere share performance. When the user lays the phone flat or upside down, the energy share of the GPS antenna toward the sky satellite will not be guaranteed. This application monitors the signal strength of each antenna unit 10 in different working states to determine the best signal direction of the GPS antenna, and then controls the GPS antenna beam to face the direction of the best signal strength.

[0148] The third application scenario: The directional pattern of the mobile phone cellular antenna has blind spots for the 360°×180° coverage of the entire sphere. The multi-beam switching characteristics of the reconfigurable antenna are used to make up for the blind spots and expand the coverage. At the same time, if multiple directional pattern reconfigurable antennas are adopted, such as replacing all conventional 4×4 MIMO cellular antennas with reconfigurable antennas with directional patterns radiating at all angles, the effective omnidirectional radiated power (EIRP) radiated by the mobile phone in all directions can be increased, and the communication capability of the whole machine will be doubled. In addition, in the use scenarios of single-handed holding, double-handed holding, head and hand, and other human bodies close to the mobile phone, the performance of conventional antennas is greatly reduced due to human body absorption. The antenna unit 10 in this application forms a reconfigurable antenna by switching the state of the switch switching circuit 3. The reconfigurable antenna can reduce the impact of the human body to a certain extent by changing the radiation direction of the directional pattern, and the simultaneous use of multiple reconfigurable antennas will further reduce the impact of the human body and ensure signal quality.

[0149] In one implementation, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is a reconfigurable antenna architecture, comprising four reconfigurable antenna units 10 controlled by a switch switching circuit 3. Among them, two first antenna units 10a are respectively located on the left and right sides of the mobile phone, and the electrical length of each antenna unit 10 is half a wavelength (a capacitor / inductor can be connected in series between the first switch switching circuit 3a and the reference ground 500 to change the overall electrical length of the antenna unit 10 to half a wavelength), and the first switch switching circuit 3a electrically connected to the ground with the signal source 2 at both ends of the antenna unit 10 controls the two states of grounding / open circuit.

[0150] The two second antenna units 10b are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the mobile phone (for example, staggered at two corners), each antenna unit 10 is a quarter-wavelength IFA antenna, and the free end of the antenna unit 10 is loaded with a parasitic branch (the equivalent electrical length is greater than / less than a quarter wavelength), and the open end of the parasitic branch faces the antenna unit 10. The parasitic branch grounding point or the free end is loaded with a second switch switching circuit 3b electrically connected to the ground to control the grounding / open circuit states.

[0151] The above-mentioned four antenna units 10, each antenna unit 10 realizes two different directional pattern states based on the open / closed states of the switch switching circuit 3. The four antenna units 10 realize a total of 8 different directional patterns, as well as more directional pattern combinations, to achieve full coverage of the entire sphere centered on the mobile phone and avoid signal blind spots.

[0152] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the present application has a single antenna unit 10 that cooperates with the switch switching circuit 3 to realize two different directional pattern states, has a directional beam and has a higher gain than a conventional omnidirectional antenna. Multiple antenna units 10 (for example, four cellular communication antennas) work simultaneously, each with a beam facing in different directions, to achieve full coverage and eliminate signal blind spots; according to the actual communication environment, the antenna unit 10 and the directional pattern state (towards up, down, left, right, front, and back) are switched based on an intelligent algorithm to ensure user experience. Since each antenna unit 10 on the four sides of the mobile phone has the function of beam switching, it can effectively prevent the situation of being held to death by the human body / human hand; for the single-handed holding situation, even if the second antenna unit 10b on the bottom edge 322 is held to death, the other three antenna units 10 can achieve full coverage. For the two-handed game mode, only the second antenna unit 10b on the bottom edge 322 or the top edge 321 will be held to death (staggered design), but the other three antenna units 10 can effectively radiate to achieve full coverage.

[0153] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises an antenna assembly and a reference ground, wherein the antenna assembly comprises at least one antenna unit, and the antenna unit comprises: A radiator, the radiator is spaced apart from the reference floor, and the radiator includes a feeding point and a switching point spaced apart from each other; A signal source, the signal source being electrically connected to the feeding point; a switch switching circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the switching point, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the reference ground; The antenna unit forms a first resonance mode supporting the target frequency band when the switch switching circuit is in an off state, and the resonance current of the first resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction that is a first radiation direction; The antenna unit forms a second resonance mode supporting the target frequency band when the switch switching circuit is in the on state, and the resonance current of the second resonance mode forms an electromagnetic wave radiation direction which is a second radiation direction; the resonance current of the first resonance mode and the resonance current of the second resonance mode are distributed differently, and the first radiation direction and the second radiation direction are respectively directed toward different sides of the reference floor.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The two ends of the radiator are respectively a first free end and a second free end, the feeding point is located at the first free end or between the first free end and the switching point, and the switching point is located at the second free end or between the second free end and the feeding point.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the switch switching circuit is in an off state, the resonant current of the first resonant mode between the first free end and the second free end first increases and then decreases, and the first resonant mode is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the target frequency band.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reference floor comprises a reference ground edge, the radiator is arranged along the reference ground edge and spaced apart from the reference ground edge, and the first radiation direction is a direction of the radiator away from one side of the reference ground edge.

5. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the feeding point and the first free end is smaller than the distance between the feeding point and the midpoint of the radiator, and the distance between the switching point and the second free end is smaller than the distance between the switching point and the midpoint of the radiator.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reference floor includes a reference ground edge, and the radiator is arranged along the reference ground edge and spaced apart from the reference ground edge; the signal source, the radiator, the switching circuit and the reference ground edge surround a gap, and when the switch circuit is in an on state, the second resonant mode is a circular polarization mode supporting the target frequency band, and the second radiation direction is the direction of the side facing the reference floor.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second resonant mode includes a first sub-mode operating in a first phase, a resonant current of the first sub-mode flows from the feeding point to the switching point, and a resonant current of the first sub-mode at the feeding point is smaller than a resonant current at the switching point.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second resonant mode also includes a second sub-mode operating in a second phase, the resonant current of the second sub-mode includes a first sub-current and a second sub-current in opposite directions, the first sub-current flows from the feeding point to a first current weakness point between the feeding point and the switching point, the second sub-current flows from the switching point to the first current weakness point, the current intensity of the second sub-mode at the first current weakness point is less than the current intensity of the second sub-mode at the switching point, and the current intensity of the second sub-mode at the first current weakness point is less than the current intensity of the second sub-mode at the feeding point.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric field of the second sub-mode is in the direction where the radiator points to the edge of the reference ground; The second sub-mode is a slot antenna mode. The second sub-mode forms a magnetic current in the slot. The direction of the magnetic current is from the feeding point to the switching point or from the switching point to the feeding point.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The polarization direction of the first sub-mode is parallel to the radiator, the polarization direction of the second sub-mode is along the edge of the reference ground pointing to the radiator, and the polarization direction of the first sub-mode is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second sub-mode.

11. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator includes a main radiator and a parasitic radiator, the main radiator includes a first grounding point, the feeding point and a third free end arranged in sequence, the parasitic radiator includes a fourth free end and a second grounding point arranged in sequence, the first grounding point is grounded, a coupling gap is formed between the third free end and the fourth free end, the second grounding point is electrically connected to the reference floor, and the switching point is located at the second grounding point or the fourth free end.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The reference floor comprises a reference ground edge, and the radiator is arranged along the reference ground edge and spaced from the reference ground edge; When the switch circuit switches to the state where the parasitic radiator does not form a current-directing effect on the main radiator, the resonant mode of the antenna unit is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode operating between the first ground point and the third free end, and the radiation direction of the antenna unit is the direction in which the main radiator is away from the edge of the reference ground.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The electrical length of the parasitic radiator is 0.2-0.3 times the wavelength of the target frequency band; When the switch circuit is switched to couple the parasitic radiator with the main radiator, the resonant mode of the antenna unit forms a third sub-current between the first ground point and the third free end, and generates a fourth sub-current opposite to the third sub-current between the fourth free end and the second ground point, and the radiation direction of the antenna unit is the direction in which the reference floor is away from the main radiator.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The switching point is located at the second grounding point, and when the switch switching circuit is in an on state, the parasitic radiator is coupled with the main radiator; when the switch switching circuit is in an off state, the parasitic radiator does not form a current-guiding effect on the main radiator; or, The switching point is located at the fourth free end. When the switch switching circuit is in an off state, the parasitic radiator is coupled to the main radiator; when the switch switching circuit is in an on state, the parasitic radiator does not form a current-guiding effect on the main radiator.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The switch switching circuit comprises a switch unit, one end of the switch unit is electrically connected to the switch point, and the other end of the switch unit is grounded; or, The switch switching circuit includes a switch unit and multiple switch branches, each of the switch branches has a different impedance, one end of the switch unit is electrically connected to the switch point, and the other end of the switch unit can selectively conduct one end of at least one of the multiple switch branches, and one end of each switch branch away from the switch unit is grounded.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a back cover, a frame, at least one first antenna unit and at least one second antenna unit, the first antenna unit is the antenna unit described in any one of claims 1-10, the second antenna unit is the antenna unit described in any one of claims 11-15, the frame is surrounded by the circumference of the back cover, the frame includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge connected in sequence, the first antenna unit is arranged on the first side edge or the second side edge, the main radiator of the second antenna unit is arranged on the top edge, the parasitic radiator of the second antenna unit is located on the top edge, or, at least part of the parasitic radiator of the second antenna unit is located on the first side edge or the second side edge.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The number of the first antenna units is two, one of which is arranged on the first side, and the other of which is arranged on the second side. The distance between each of the first antenna units and the top side is smaller than the distance between each of the first antenna units and the bottom side.

18. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The number of the second antenna units is two, one second antenna unit is arranged on the top edge, and the other second antenna unit is arranged on the bottom edge. The orthographic projection of the second antenna unit arranged on the top edge in the extension direction of the first side edge is at least partially offset from the second antenna unit on the bottom edge.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The two first antenna units and the two second antenna units form a cellular antenna supporting 4×4 MIMO; Alternatively, at least one of the two first antenna units and the two second antenna units is used to support at least one of a Wi-Fi frequency band, a GPS frequency band, and a Bluetooth frequency band.

20. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The electronic device also includes a first control unit, which is electrically connected to the switch switching circuit in the first antenna unit and the switch switching circuit in the second antenna unit. The first control unit is used to control the switching state of the switch switching circuit in the first antenna unit and the switching state of the switch switching circuit in the second antenna unit according to the signal strength of the first antenna unit and the signal strength of the second antenna unit.

21. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The electronic device also includes a second control unit, which is electrically connected to the switch switching circuit in the first antenna unit and the switch switching circuit in the second antenna unit. The second control unit is used to control the switch switching circuit of the first antenna unit to switch to a radiation direction toward the side where the back cover is located when it is detected that a human head is close to the display screen of the electronic device.

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