Organic solvent recovery device

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic solvent recovery device. The device comprises a pretreatment mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a steam furnace and the like. The pretreatment mechanism is provided with a filter and a cooler for primarily treating a solvent; the adsorption mechanism is composed of a spiral activated carbon plate, a central electrode and an interlayer electrode, the adsorption process of a solvent is optimized through an electric field, and the service cycle of an adsorption material is prolonged. A vacuum adsorption pump is further arranged in the adsorption mechanism, and the adsorption effect of solvent steam is enhanced by generating a vacuum environment. In addition, the device is further provided with a reversible power supply, reverse regeneration of the adsorption material can be achieved, and the replacement frequency is reduced. The steam furnace is connected with the adsorption mechanism, and solvent recovery is conducted through steam heating. And the rear end of the device is connected with a chimney discharge system to ensure that waste gas discharge meets environmental protection requirements. Through the double adsorption mechanisms and the innovative electrode design, the recovery efficiency is remarkably improved, the operation and maintenance cost is reduced, the environmental protection standard is met, and high economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and in particular to an organic solvent recovery device. Background Art

[0002] Organic solvents are widely used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, coating, printing and other industries. Especially in the production process, a large amount of organic solvents are needed for dissolving, cleaning, diluting and other operations. With the increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, the emission of organic solvents has become one of the pollution sources. Especially in the production process, the emission of solvent vapor not only pollutes the environment, but also may pose a threat to the health of operators. Therefore, how to effectively recycle and reuse organic solvents, reduce pollution to the environment, and reduce production costs has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] At present, common organic solvent recovery technologies mainly include condensation recovery, adsorption recovery, membrane separation, distillation recovery, etc. Among them, the adsorption recovery method is widely used because of its simple operation, low energy consumption, and small equipment investment. Traditional adsorption recovery devices generally use activated carbon as the adsorption material, using its rich microporous structure on the surface to adsorb organic solvent vapor. However, during the activated carbon adsorption process, the adsorption material is easily saturated, resulting in a decrease in the adsorption effect. The activated carbon needs to be replaced or regenerated regularly, which increases the cost of maintenance and replacement.

[0004] In addition, it is often difficult to effectively monitor and control the adsorption effect during the adsorption recovery process, which can easily lead to a decrease in recovery efficiency. Traditional adsorption devices lack a sophisticated control mechanism and fail to fully utilize the adsorption capacity of activated carbon, resulting in solvent loss or poor recovery effects.

[0005] In view of these problems, the prior art has proposed some improvement plans, but there are still certain limitations. For example, the patent with publication number CN220257590U discloses an organic waste gas solvent recovery device, but it still has the following shortcomings: for some mixed solvents with complex components, the existing recovery device may not be able to achieve efficient separation and recovery. Different solvents have different physical properties such as boiling point and volatility. It is difficult to accurately control parameters such as temperature and pressure during the recovery process, resulting in some solvents being unable to be completely recovered, or the purity after recovery is not high. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic solvent recovery device that solves the problems existing in the prior art. The present invention effectively solves the problems of low adsorption efficiency, short life of adsorption materials and solvent waste existing in traditional organic solvent recovery devices through innovative design. By setting up a double adsorption mechanism, the processing capacity is improved and the service life of the adsorption material is extended; the spiral activated carbon plate and electrode system are adopted to optimize the adsorption process and improve the recovery efficiency; the reversible power supply is introduced to realize the reverse regeneration of the adsorption material, reducing the frequency of replacement of the adsorption material; the vacuum adsorption pump and steam furnace are combined to enhance the adsorption and recovery effect of the solvent; and the filter and cooler in the pretreatment system are used to optimize the state of the solvent and improve the recovery efficiency. At the same time, the chimney emission system ensures that the exhaust gas emissions meet environmental protection requirements. The overall design improves the efficiency of organic solvent recovery, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and achieves the dual goals of environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0007] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an organic solvent recovery device, comprising a pretreatment mechanism, a conveying pipeline is arranged on the left side of the pretreatment mechanism, an adsorption mechanism is fixed to the outlet of the conveying pipeline, the rear end of the adsorption mechanism is connected to a steam furnace through a pipeline, and a vacuum adsorption pump is arranged on the upper end of the adsorption mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a tank body, an activated carbon plate is fixed inside the tank body, an internal reinforcement column is arranged in the middle of the activated carbon plate, a central electrode is arranged in the middle of the internal reinforcement column, and an interlayer electrode is arranged inside the activated carbon plate.

[0009] Preferably, the activated carbon plate is spiral-shaped, and the central electrode is arranged on the central axis of the spiral of the activated carbon plate.

[0010] Preferably, the interlayer electrode is a metal sheet, which is spirally embedded inside the activated carbon plate.

[0011] Preferably, the central electrode and the interlayer electrodes are insulated from the activated carbon plates.

[0012] Preferably, wiring tubes are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the tank body.

[0013] Preferably, a reversible power supply is provided at the bottom of the tank body, and the positive and negative electrodes of the reversible power supply are connected to the two ends of the central electrode. The reversible power supply is used to generate an electric field. In the adsorption stage, it provides a suitable electric field for the central electrode. After the positive and negative electrodes are connected to the two ends of the central electrode, the central electrode generates an electric field around the activated carbon plate, thereby enhancing the adsorption effect of the organic solvent molecules. Moreover, since it is a reversible power supply, in the desorption stage, the direction of the electric field can be changed by changing the direction of the current, so that the organic solvent molecules originally adsorbed on the activated carbon plate are subjected to the opposite electric field force to that during adsorption, thereby promoting the desorption of the organic solvent molecules from the activated carbon plate, and realizing the recycling of the adsorption tank.

[0014] Preferably, the number of adsorption mechanisms is two, forming a parallel processing mechanism, even if one of the adsorption tanks has some minor faults during operation or the adsorption effect fluctuates slightly, the other adsorption tank can still work normally and continue to adsorb the exhaust gas, thereby ensuring the stability and continuity of the whole system's adsorption of organic solvents.

[0015] Preferably, the vacuum adsorption pump and the adsorption mechanism are connected via a pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, a chimney is provided at the rear end of the fixing frame.

[0017] (III) Beneficial effects The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic solvent recovery device, which effectively solves the problems of low adsorption efficiency, short life of adsorption materials and solvent waste in traditional organic solvent recovery devices. By setting up a double adsorption mechanism, the processing capacity is improved and the service life of the adsorption material is extended; the spiral activated carbon plate and electrode system are adopted to optimize the adsorption process and improve the recovery efficiency; the reversible power supply is introduced to realize the reverse regeneration of the adsorption material, reducing the frequency of replacement of the adsorption material; the vacuum adsorption pump and steam furnace are combined to enhance the adsorption and recovery effect of the solvent; and the filter and cooler in the pretreatment system are used to optimize the state of the solvent and improve the recovery efficiency. At the same time, the chimney emission system ensures that the exhaust gas emissions meet environmental protection requirements. The overall design improves the efficiency of organic solvent recovery, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and achieves the dual goals of environmental protection and resource recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an overall organic solvent recovery device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an adsorption mechanism in an organic solvent recovery device of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an activated carbon plate in an organic solvent recovery device of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 An enlarged view of point A in a schematic diagram of an activated carbon plate in an organic solvent recovery device; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a pretreatment mechanism in an organic solvent recovery device of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of overall adsorption and discharge in an organic solvent recovery device of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of overall desorption and solvent recovery in an organic solvent recovery device of the present invention; In the figure: 1-pretreatment mechanism, 2-transport pipeline, 3-adsorption mechanism, 4-steam furnace, 5-vacuum adsorption pump, 6-chimney, 11-filter, 12-cooler, 31-tank body, 32-activated carbon plate, 33-internal reinforcement column, 34-center electrode, 35-interlayer electrode, 36-wiring pipe, 37-reversible power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the attached examples of the present invention Figure 1-Figure 7 A clear and complete description is given to the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides a technical solution: an organic solvent recovery device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fixed frame 1, a pretreatment mechanism 2 is arranged on the right side of the fixed frame 1, an adsorption mechanism 3 is fixed to the lower end of the fixed frame 1, a steam furnace 4 is connected to the rear end of the adsorption mechanism 3 through a pipeline, and a vacuum adsorption pump 5 is arranged on the upper end of the adsorption mechanism 3.

[0021] The pretreatment mechanism 2 is mainly used for preliminary treatment of waste gas containing organic solvents. It includes a filter and a cooler, which can remove impurities in the waste gas, such as particulate matter, dust, etc., to prevent these impurities from entering subsequent adsorption tanks and other equipment, avoiding damage to the equipment or clogging the pores of activated carbon, affecting the adsorption effect. At the same time, the pretreatment mechanism can also adjust the temperature, humidity and other parameters of the waste gas to make the waste gas reach a state more suitable for subsequent recycling and treatment. The adsorption mechanism 3 is used to adsorb the pretreated waste gas to remove most of the organic solvents.

[0022] The steam furnace 4 is used to provide steam for the desorption of the activated carbon in the adsorption tank. After the activated carbon is saturated with adsorption, the steam generated by the steam furnace enters the adsorption tank, and the high temperature and high energy of the steam are used to promote the desorption of organic solvent molecules from the surface of the activated carbon. At the same time, the steam can also clean the pores of the activated carbon, restore the adsorption performance of the activated carbon, extend the service life of the activated carbon, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the adsorption tank. The vacuum adsorption pump 5 is used to reduce the pressure in the adsorption tank during the desorption process, promote the desorption of organic solvents from the surface of the activated carbon, and also prevent abnormal pressure in the system to ensure the safe operation of the system. The function of the chimney 6 is to provide a safe exhaust gas discharge channel for the entire organic solvent recovery system.

[0023] The adsorption mechanism 3 includes a tank body 31, an activated carbon plate 32 is fixed inside the tank body 31, an internal reinforcement column 33 is arranged in the middle of the activated carbon plate 32, a central electrode 34 is arranged in the middle of the internal reinforcement column 33, and an interlayer electrode 35 is arranged inside the activated carbon plate 32. The tank body 31 is the main structure of the adsorption mechanism, which provides a relatively closed space environment for the entire adsorption process. Its function is to accommodate other internal components, such as activated carbon plates, internal reinforcement columns, electrodes, etc., to ensure that the exhaust gas can fully contact with the activated carbon plate in the tank body to perform the adsorption operation of the organic solvent, while preventing exhaust gas leakage, and ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the adsorption process. The activated carbon plate 32 is a key component for adsorbing organic solvents. Activated carbon itself has a huge specific surface area and rich pore structure, and can adsorb organic solvent molecules in the exhaust gas on its surface and in its pores through physical adsorption. The internal reinforcement column 33 mainly plays a role in enhancing the structural strength of the activated carbon plate.

[0024] The central electrode 34 is located in the internal reinforcement column in the middle of the activated carbon plate. When the power is turned on, the central electrode can generate an electric field around the activated carbon plate. For polar organic solvent molecules in the exhaust gas, the electric field can cause them to be oriented and more easily adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon plate; for non-polar molecules, it can also induce them to produce polarization, thereby enhancing the adsorption effect with the activated carbon plate. In addition, the electric field can also change the charge distribution on the surface of the activated carbon plate, increase the adsorption sites, and further improve the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon plate for organic solvents.

[0025] The interlayer electrode 35 is arranged inside the activated carbon plate, and its main function is to cooperate with the central electrode to optimize the electric field distribution inside the activated carbon plate. When the central electrode of the central axis is energized to generate an electric field, the interlayer electrode will be charged by electrostatic induction, thereby forming a more uniform and effective electric field inside the activated carbon plate. This helps to ensure that the electric field can penetrate all parts of the activated carbon plate, especially the pore area, so that the organic solvent molecules can be subjected to a relatively uniform electric field regardless of their position inside the activated carbon plate, and adsorption can be achieved more efficiently, further improving the adsorption effect of the entire adsorption tank on the organic solvent.

[0026] The activated carbon plate 32 is spiral-shaped, and the central electrode 34 is arranged on the central axis of the spiral activated carbon plate 32. The spiral activated carbon plate 32 and the central electrode 34 arranged on the central axis. The spiral design of the spiral activated carbon plate 32 means that when the exhaust gas flows through the activated carbon plate in the tank body, the flow path is no longer a simple straight line, but it moves in a circuitous way along the spiral channel. This greatly prolongs the contact time between the exhaust gas and the activated carbon plate, allowing the organic solvent molecules in the exhaust gas to have more opportunities to fully contact the surface and pores of the activated carbon plate, thereby increasing the probability of the organic solvent being adsorbed and enhancing the adsorption effect. In the limited tank space, the spiral structure can make more effective use of space. Compared with traditional flat-plate or other simple-shaped activated carbon plates, more activated carbon materials can be arranged, further increasing the effective area available for adsorption, which helps to improve the adsorption capacity of organic solvents.

[0027] The central electrode 34 is arranged on the central axis of the spiral activated carbon plate 32, and the electric field generated after power is turned on can radiate in a relatively uniform manner. Since the activated carbon plate is spirally wrapped around the electrode, this layout allows the electric field to penetrate the entire activated carbon plate more evenly, ensuring that each part can be affected by the electric field, so that the organic solvent molecules at different positions of the activated carbon plate can be subjected to a relatively consistent adsorption force enhancement effect, thereby improving the uniformity and overall efficiency of adsorption. The position of the central axis allows the electric field force to act effectively along the radial direction of the spiral activated carbon plate. For polar organic solvent molecules in the exhaust gas, they will move radially toward the surface of the activated carbon plate under the action of the electric field force, making them easier to be adsorbed; for non-polar molecules, they can also be better adsorbed by the polarization induced by the electric field, giving full play to the strengthening effect of the electric field on the adsorption process.

[0028] The interlayer electrode 35 is a metal sheet, which is spirally embedded in the activated carbon plate 32. The interlayer electrode 35 is made of metal sheet, which can effectively conduct current and ensure that the expected electric field effect can be generated after power is turned on or induced charging. At the same time, the relatively thin nature of the metal sheet makes it easier to bend into a shape that matches the spiral activated carbon plate, which is convenient for embedded installation inside the activated carbon plate. The interlayer electrode 35, which is spirally embedded in the activated carbon plate, further optimizes the electric field distribution inside the activated carbon plate by cooperating with the central electrode 34 of the central axis. When the central electrode is energized to generate an electric field, the interlayer electrode will be charged due to electrostatic induction, forming a more complex and detailed electric field network inside the activated carbon plate. This electric field network can penetrate into each fine pore area of ​​the activated carbon plate, so that the adsorption process of organic solvent molecules inside the activated carbon plate is subject to more comprehensive and accurate electric field regulation, further improving the adsorption efficiency.

[0029] Enhanced adsorption effect: The electric field formed by the interlayer electrode 35 can work in synergy with the electric field of the central electrode 34, providing a stronger adsorption driving force for organic solvent molecules in the exhaust gas, whether polar or non-polar. For example, polar molecules will be more firmly adsorbed on the activated carbon plate due to the combined effect of electric field forces from different directions; non-polar molecules can also be further enhanced under the influence of this synergistic electric field, thereby improving the adsorption capacity of the entire activated carbon plate for organic solvents.

[0030] The working principle is divided into the following stages: 1. Pretreatment stage: When the waste gas containing organic solvents enters the pretreatment mechanism 1, the pretreatment process begins. First, impurities such as particulate matter and dust in the waste gas are filtered out. The temperature and humidity of the waste gas are adjusted.

[0031] 2. Primary adsorption stage: The pre-treated waste gas enters the adsorption mechanism 3 through the pipeline. In the tank 31 of the adsorption mechanism, the waste gas begins to contact the spiral activated carbon plate 32. The activated carbon plate 32 physically adsorbs the organic solvent molecules in the waste gas with its huge specific surface area and rich pore structure. When the waste gas flows in the spiral channel, the organic solvent molecules will be adsorbed in the pores of the activated carbon plate and separated from the waste gas. The waste gas is discharged from the pipeline into the chimney 10. At the same time, the central electrode 34 located in the activated carbon plate 32 and the interlayer electrode 35 inside the activated carbon plate play a role. The central electrode 34 is connected to the reversible power supply 37 at the bottom of the tank 31, and the power supply is connected to the electrode through the wiring tube 36 symmetrically arranged at the bottom. After power is turned on, the central electrode generates an electric field, and the interlayer electrode is charged by electrostatic induction, forming a complex and effective electric field environment inside the activated carbon plate. For polar organic solvent molecules in the exhaust gas, the electric field causes them to be oriented, move toward the surface of the activated carbon plate and be adsorbed; for non-polar molecules, the electric field induces their polarization, which enhances the adsorption effect with the activated carbon plate. In addition, the electric field also changes the charge distribution on the surface of the activated carbon plate, increases the adsorption sites, and further improves the adsorption efficiency.

[0032] 3. Desorption (when the activated carbon plate is saturated): When the activated carbon plate 32 is saturated with adsorption, the desorption process begins. First, the steam channel is opened, and the hot steam in the steam furnace 4 is passed into the adsorption mechanism 3. The hot steam has a high temperature and energy. For the solvent molecules adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon, the heat carried by the hot steam can be transferred to these solvent molecules, so that they can obtain enough energy to overcome the adsorption force between them and the activated carbon. Hot steam can also increase the ambient temperature in the adsorption tank and increase the activity of the solvent molecules. At higher temperatures, the thermal motion of the solvent molecules is more intense, and their fluidity in the pores of the activated carbon is also greatly enhanced. This is conducive to the diffusion of solvent molecules from the surface of the activated carbon and the inside of the pores to the pore mouth, creating favorable conditions for subsequent desorption.

[0033] Then, the steam channel is closed and the pressure in the adsorption tank is reduced by the vacuum adsorption pump 5. The reduced pressure reduces the partial pressure of the solvent molecules in the gas phase, breaks the adsorption equilibrium between the solvent molecules on the activated carbon surface and the gas phase, and promotes the desorption of the solvent molecules from the activated carbon surface.

[0034] At the same time, the reversible power supply 37 adjusts the direction or intensity of the electric field. Changing the direction of the electric field can convert the electric field force originally used for adsorption into a force that pushes the solvent molecules away from the surface of the activated carbon, reduce the electric field intensity to weaken the adsorption bond between the solvent molecules and the activated carbon, and make it easier for the solvent molecules to detach from the surface of the activated carbon. Under the synergistic effect of decompression and electric field changes, the solvent molecules are accelerated to desorb from the surface of the activated carbon.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic solvent recovery device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pretreatment mechanism (1), a delivery pipeline (2) being arranged on the left side of the pretreatment mechanism (1), an adsorption mechanism (3) being fixed at the outlet of the delivery pipeline (2), a rear end of the adsorption mechanism (3) being connected to a steam furnace (4) via a pipeline, and a vacuum adsorption pump (5) being arranged at the upper end of the adsorption mechanism (3).

2. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (3) comprises a tank body (31), an activated carbon plate (32) is fixed inside the tank body (31), an internal reinforcement column (33) is arranged in the middle of the activated carbon plate (32), a central electrode (34) is arranged in the middle of the internal reinforcement column (33), and an interlayer electrode (35) is arranged inside the activated carbon plate (32).

3. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The activated carbon plate (32) is spiral-shaped, and the central electrode (34) is arranged on the central axis of the spiral shape of the activated carbon plate (32).

4. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interlayer electrode (35) is a metal sheet and is spirally embedded inside the activated carbon plate (32).

5. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the tank body (31) is symmetrically provided with wiring tubes (36).

6. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reversible power supply (37) is provided at the bottom of the tank body (31), and the positive and negative electrodes of the reversible power supply (37) are connected to the two ends of the central electrode (34).

7. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the adsorption mechanisms (3) is two.

8. An organic solvent recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central electrode (34) and the interlayer electrode (35) are insulated from the activated carbon plate (32).

9. The organic solvent recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter (11) and a cooler (12) are provided inside the pretreatment mechanism (1).

10. The organic solvent recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the fixing frame (1) is connected to a chimney (6) via a pipeline.

Images