Forming process of large-slope thick-wall ring forge piece
Through optimized heating, pre-rolling, ring sectioning and final rolling steps, combined with special mold design, the accuracy and quality problems of the existing technology in the manufacturing of large-slope thick-wall ring forgings are solved, and an efficient and accurate manufacturing process is achieved, reducing production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411870800.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when manufacturing large slope thick-wall ring forgings, it is difficult to ensure the dimensional accuracy and internal quality of the product, and the production cost is relatively high.
Optimized heating, pre-rolling, ring sectioning and final rolling steps are adopted, combined with special mold design, to achieve a new process of efficient and precise manufacturing of large-slope thick-wall ring forgings. Specific steps include cutting punching, pre-rolling, ring cutting and final rolling, and forging using pre-rolled tooling and final rolling tooling.
Through this process, the dimensional accuracy and internal quality of the product can be ensured, the utilization rate of materials can be improved, the ignition rate of molding can be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and the service life of the product can be extended.
Smart Images
Figure CN119549631A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of processing of ring parts, in particular to a forming process of a large-slope thick-walled ring forging. Background Art
[0002] With the development of modern industry, especially in the fields of aerospace, petrochemical, electric power and machinery manufacturing, the demand for high-performance and high-precision ring forgings is increasing. Traditional ring forging manufacturing methods mainly include free forging, die forging and ring rolling, but these methods have certain limitations when manufacturing ring forgings with complex shapes and specific performance requirements.
[0003] Although the existing free forging methods are highly flexible, it is difficult to ensure the dimensional accuracy and uniformity of the internal structure of the product, especially for thick-walled ring forgings. It is easy to have the phenomenon of non-rolling during forging and rolling, resulting in a large difference between the core structure and the outer surface structure; the die forging method can improve the dimensional accuracy, but for ring forgings with complex shapes, the die design and manufacturing are difficult and costly; the ring rolling method can better control the size and shape of the product, but when dealing with large-slope thick-walled ring forgings, problems such as uneven metal flow and many internal defects are prone to occur.
[0004] Therefore, developing a forming process for large-slope thick-walled ring forgings that can ensure product dimensional accuracy and internal quality while effectively controlling production costs has become an urgent problem to be solved. The present invention aims to provide a new process for efficiently and accurately manufacturing large-slope thick-walled ring forgings by optimizing the steps of heating, pre-rolling, ring splitting and final rolling, combined with a dedicated mold design, to meet the needs of high-end manufacturing. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a forming process for a large-slope thick-walled ring forging.
[0006] The main contents of the present invention include:
[0007] A forming process for a thick-walled ring forging with a large slope, the ring forging comprising an upper end surface in an inclined plane, a lower end surface with a concave arc surface, and an inner diameter peripheral surface and an outer diameter peripheral surface arranged oppositely; the forming process comprises the following steps:
[0008] S1. Blanking and punching: The blanks blanked according to the process requirements are heated and insulated, then roughened and punched to obtain a punching blank with a rectangular cross section;
[0009] S2. Pre-rolling: After the blank is heated and kept warm, it is subjected to multiple ring rolling, and then placed in a pre-rolling tool for pressing to obtain a pre-rolled piece, wherein the cross section of the pre-rolled piece includes two pre-rolled surfaces with concave arc surfaces disposed opposite to each other;
[0010] S3. Ring splitting: the pre-rolled piece is ring split along the axis of symmetry to obtain a die forging, wherein the die forging comprises a first surface having a concave arc surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and being a plane;
[0011] S4. Final rolling: After heating and heat preservation, the die forging is placed in a final rolling tool, and forged using a press to obtain the desired ring forging;
[0012] Among them, the final rolling tooling includes an upper die assembly and an upper die assembly, the upper die assembly has an upper profiling inclined surface corresponding to the upper end surface; the lower die assembly includes a forming groove, the forming groove includes an inner diameter profiling surface corresponding to the inner diameter circumferential surface, an outer diameter profiling surface corresponding to the outer diameter circumferential surface, and a groove bottom inclined surface connecting the inner diameter profiling surface and the outer diameter profiling surface.
[0013] Preferably, the molding groove further includes a first limiting guide surface, and the first limiting guide surface is formed above the outer diameter profiling surface; the upper mold assembly includes a molding upper mold, and the molding upper mold includes an upper mold left rib, an upper mold right rib, and an upper mold molding surface arranged between the upper mold left rib and the right rib, and the upper mold right rib has an upper mold guide plane corresponding to the first limiting guide surface;
[0014] The upper contoured inclined surface is formed on the upper die forming surface.
[0015] Preferably, the upper mold forming surface also includes an upper mold limiting plane formed on the left side of the upper contoured slope, and the upper mold limiting plane corresponds to the upper surface of the lower mold assembly.
[0016] Preferably, the lower mold assembly includes a molding lower mold and a molding centering barrel, the upper surface of the molding lower mold is provided with a lower mold step surface, and the lower mold step surface includes a lower mold side surface and a lower mold bottom surface; the left side surface of the molding centering barrel includes, from bottom to top, a first middle barrel limiting surface, a middle barrel profiling surface, and a second middle barrel limiting surface;
[0017] The first middle barrel limiting surface abuts against the right side surface of the molding lower mold; the lower mold step surface and the middle barrel contour surface form the molding groove; the upper mold limiting plane is molded on the second middle barrel limiting surface.
[0018] Preferably, the steps of placing the die forging into the final rolling tool are as follows:
[0019] S41. Assemble the lower mold and the centering barrel to obtain a lower mold assembly, and place the lower mold assembly on the upper table of the press;
[0020] S42. Place the forged part into the forming groove of the lower die assembly;
[0021] S43. Place the forming upper die on the forged piece, so that the upper die limit plane of the forming upper die abuts against the first limit guide surface; the upper die limit plane abuts against the upper surface of the forming lower die.
[0022] Preferably, a lower die clamping step is convexly provided on the left side surface of the lower forming die.
[0023] Preferably, the left rib of the upper die includes an upper die clamping step.
[0024] Preferably, in S1, the blank is heated to 950°C-1200°C and kept warm for 0.5 to 5 hours, and then the blank is transported to a press to perform upsetting and punching on the blank.
[0025] Preferably, in S2, a high-temperature gas furnace is used to heat the punched blank to a high temperature of 850°C-1200°C, and the temperature is kept for 0.5 to 5 hours. Then the forging is transferred to a ring rolling mill for multi-fire ring rolling preforming, and the deformation is controlled at 10%-40%; after ring rolling, it is pressed on a press.
[0026] Preferably, in S4, the die forging is heated to 900° C.-1120° C. and kept warm for 0.5 to 5 hours.
[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes a forming process for a large-slope thick-walled ring forging, which first uses a pre-rolling tool to roll and split the ring for multiple times to obtain a die forging with a concave arc surface, and then uses a final forging tool to obtain the product; the concave arc surface of the forging pre-rolled makes its contour close to the contour of the product, avoiding possible damage to the product streamline integrity during the final forging process, and improving the service life of the product. Compared with direct forging and die forging, the forming process of the present invention has a high material utilization rate while ensuring the uniformity of the product grains, and reduces the number of forming fires, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ring forging product;
[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a punched blank;
[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pre-rolled piece;
[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the die forging;
[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of using pre-rolling tooling to press high;
[0033] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the final rolling tooling;
[0034] Figure 7 It is the state diagram of the final rolling process;
[0035] Reference numerals:
[0036] 1-ring forging; 1-1-punched blank; 1-2-pre-rolled piece; 1-3-piece to be forged; 10-upper end surface; 11-lower end surface; 12-inner diameter circumference; 13-outer diameter circumference; 14-pre-rolled surface; 15-first surface; 16-second surface;
[0037] 2-Pre-rolling tooling; 21-First fixture; 22-Second fixture;
[0038] 3-final rolling tool; 30-forming upper die; 30-1-upper die left rib; 30-2-upper die right rib; 30-3-upper die forming surface; 300-upper imitation profiling inclined surface; 301-upper die guide plane; 302-upper die limiting plane; 303-upper die clamping step; 31-forming lower die; 31-1-lower die step surface; 310-forming groove; 3100-groove bottom inclined surface; 3101-inner diameter profiling surface; 3102-outer diameter profiling surface; 311-lower die side; 312-lower die bottom surface; 313-lower die clamping step; 32-forming centering barrel; 320-first middle barrel limiting surface; 3200-first limiting guide surface; 321-middle barrel profiling surface; 322-second middle barrel limiting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] The technical solution protected by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0040] The forming process of the ring forging proposed in the present invention is aimed at the ring forgings with large slope and thick wall, such as Figure 1 The cross section of the ring forging to be formed is shown, the ring forging 1 includes an upper end face 10 in an inclined plane, a lower end face 11 with a concave arc surface, and an inner diameter peripheral surface 12 and an outer diameter peripheral surface 13 arranged oppositely; the distance between the inner diameter peripheral surface 12 and the outer diameter peripheral surface 13 is the wall thickness; the upper end face 10 of the molded product has a large inclination, and the lower end face 11 has a concave arc surface. Since the blank is a rectangular block, during the forging process, the contour of the rectangular block is quite different from the contour of the molded product. If direct forging or die forging is used alone, it is easy to cause incomplete product flow lines and affect the quality of the product; the molding process of the present invention combines direct forging and die forging processes, which can not only ensure the molding quality, but also save materials. The molding process includes the following steps:
[0041] S1. Blanking and punching: The blanks blanked according to the process requirements are heated and kept warm, then roughened and punched to obtain a punching blank 1-1 with a rectangular cross section.
[0042] Specifically, the blank is heated to 950°C-1200°C in a high-temperature gas furnace and kept warm for 1.5 to 3 hours. For a specific material, a suitable heating temperature is selected. For example, in one embodiment, the blank is heated to 1000°C and kept warm for 1.5 hours. Then the blank is taken out of the high-temperature gas furnace and transported to a press, and the blank is upset and punched to obtain a cross section such as Figure 2 The punched blank 1-1 is shown.
[0043] S2. Pre-rolling: The punched blank is heated in a high temperature gas furnace, and the heating temperature range can be 850℃-1200℃, and the temperature is kept for 1 to 3 hours. In one embodiment, the punched blank 1-1 is heated to 1000℃, and kept for 2 hours. Then, the forging is taken out of the high temperature gas furnace and transferred to a ring rolling mill for multi-fire ring rolling preforming, and the deformation is controlled at 10%-40%; then it is placed in a pre-rolling tool for pressing to obtain a pre-rolled piece 1-2, and the cross section of the obtained pre-rolled piece 1-2 is as shown Figure 3 As shown, the pre-rolled piece 1 - 2 includes two pre-rolled surfaces 14 with concave arc surfaces which are arranged opposite to each other.
[0044] Wherein, the pre-rolling tool is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the pre-rolling tooling includes a first jig 21 and a second jig 22 used in conjunction with each other, wherein the first jig 21 and the second jig 22 have pre-rolling grooves for accommodating the punched blank 1-1, and the first jig 21 and the second jig 22 are respectively arranged at the inner diameter and outer diameter positions of the punched blank 1-1, and then a ring rolling machine is used to perform multiple ring rolling, so that the pre-rolled surface 14 of the obtained pre-rolled piece 1-2 has a concave arc surface close to the concave arc surface of the lower surface of the ring forging 1, so as to avoid the problem of incomplete product flow line in the subsequent die forging process.
[0045] S3. Ring splitting: The pre-rolled piece 1-2 is split into rings along the axis of symmetry to obtain a part to be forged 1-3, that is, one pre-rolled piece 1-2 contains two parts to be forged 1-3. After ring splitting, the part to be forged 1-3 includes a first surface 15 with a concave arc surface and a second surface 16 that is flat and opposite to the first surface 15.
[0046] S4. Final rolling: The die forgings 1-3 are heated to 900°C-1120°C in a high-temperature gas furnace and kept warm for 0.5 to 2 hours. In one embodiment, the die forgings are heated to 1120°C in a high-temperature gas furnace and kept warm for 0.5 hours. Then, they are placed in a final rolling tool and forged using a press to obtain the desired ring forging 1.
[0047] Among them, see Figure 6 and Figure 7The final rolling tool 3 includes an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly. Specifically, the upper die assembly includes a forming upper die 30, and the lower die assembly includes a forming lower die 31 and a forming centering barrel 32 that cooperates with the forming lower die 31 and the forming upper die 30; wherein the forming upper die 30 has an upper imitation profiling inclined surface 300 corresponding to the upper end surface 11; and the forming lower die 31 and the forming centering barrel 32 surround a forming groove 310, and the forming groove 310 includes an inner diameter profiling surface 3101 corresponding to the inner diameter peripheral surface 12, an outer diameter profiling surface 3102 corresponding to the outer diameter peripheral surface 13, and a groove bottom inclined surface 3100 connecting the inner diameter profiling surface and the outer diameter profiling surface, and the groove bottom inclined surface 3100 is a plane. During die forging, the die forging pieces 1-3 are placed in the forming groove 310, and the forming upper die 30 is placed thereon, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the press is pressed down so that the inner and outer diameters of the forged pieces 1-3 to be die-formed respectively fit the inner diameter profiling surface 3101 and the outer diameter profiling surface 3102, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, as the upper contoured inclined surface 300 presses the second surface 16 of the forged piece 1 - 3 to be die-formed, the ring forging 1 is formed.
[0048] Further, the molding upper mold 30 includes an upper mold left rib 30-1, an upper mold right rib 30-2, and an upper mold molding surface 30-3 arranged between the upper mold left rib 30-1 and the upper mold right rib 30-2, wherein the upper mold molding surface 30-3 includes an upper mold limiting plane 302 and an upper imitation shape inclined surface 300 arranged in sequence, that is, the upper imitation shape inclined surface 300 is formed on the upper mold molding surface 30-3; and the upper mold right rib is a vertical surface, formed with an upper mold guide plane 301; correspondingly, the upper surface of the molding lower mold 31 is opened A lower mold step surface 31-1 is provided, and the lower mold step surface 31-1 includes a lower mold side surface 311 and a lower mold bottom surface 312; the sides of the molding upper mold 30 and the molding lower mold 31 facing the molding centering barrel are sequentially formed with a first middle barrel limiting surface 320, a middle barrel profiling surface 321 and a second middle barrel limiting surface 322 from bottom to top; wherein, the lower mold side surface 311 is used to form the inner diameter profiling surface 3101, the lower mold bottom surface 312 is used to form the groove bottom inclined surface 3100, and the middle barrel profiling surface 321 is formed with an outer diameter profiling surface 3102.
[0049] Furthermore, when the molding lower mold 31 and the molding centering barrel 32 are assembled into the lower mold assembly, the first middle barrel limiting surface 320 abuts against the right side surface of the molding lower mold 31 to achieve limiting; when the molding lower mold 30 is placed, the upper mold guide plane on the upper mold right retaining edge 30-2 of the molding lower mold slides along the first limiting plane 3200 formed on the second middle barrel limiting surface 322 to achieve the guidance of the molding lower mold 30, and when the upper mold limiting plane 302 on the upper mold molding surface 30-3 of the molding lower mold 30 abuts against the upper surface of the molding lower mold 31, it indicates that it has been pressed into place.
[0050] In other embodiments, in order to facilitate the robot to take the molding upper mold 30 and the molding lower mold 31, the upper mold left rib 30-1 includes an upper mold clamping step 303, and a lower mold clamping step 313 is convexly provided on the left side of the molding lower mold 31.
[0051] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A forming process for a large slope thick wall ring forging, characterized in that: The ring forging comprises an upper end surface in the form of an inclined plane, a lower end surface with a concave arc surface, and an inner diameter peripheral surface and an outer diameter peripheral surface arranged oppositely; the forming process comprises the following steps: S1. Blanking and punching: The blanks blanked according to the process requirements are heated and insulated, then roughened and punched to obtain a punching blank with a rectangular cross section; S2. Pre-rolling: After the punched blank is heated and kept warm, it is subjected to multiple ring rolling, and then placed in a pre-rolling tool for pressing to obtain a pre-rolled piece, wherein the cross section of the pre-rolled piece includes two pre-rolled surfaces with concave arc surfaces disposed opposite to each other; S3. Ring splitting: the pre-rolled piece is ring split along the axis of symmetry to obtain a die forging, wherein the die forging comprises a first surface having a concave arc surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and being a plane; S4. Final rolling: After heating and heat preservation, the die forging is placed in a final rolling tool, and forged using a press to obtain the desired ring forging; Among them, the finishing tooling includes an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, the upper die assembly has an upper profiling inclined surface corresponding to the upper end surface; the lower die assembly includes a forming groove, the forming groove includes an inner diameter profiling surface corresponding to the inner diameter circumferential surface, an outer diameter profiling surface corresponding to the outer diameter circumferential surface, and a groove bottom inclined surface connecting the inner diameter profiling surface and the outer diameter profiling surface.
2. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The molding groove further includes a first limiting guide surface, and the first limiting guide surface is formed above the outer diameter profiling surface; the upper mold assembly includes a molding upper mold, and the molding upper mold includes an upper mold left rib, an upper mold right rib, and an upper mold molding surface arranged between the upper mold left rib and the upper mold right rib, and the upper mold right rib has an upper mold guide plane corresponding to the first limiting guide surface; The upper contoured inclined surface is formed on the upper die forming surface.
3. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper mold forming surface also includes an upper mold limiting plane formed on the left side of the upper imitation contour slope, and the upper mold limiting plane corresponds to the upper surface of the lower mold assembly.
4. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower mold assembly includes a molding lower mold and a molding centering barrel, the upper surface of the molding lower mold is provided with a lower mold step surface, and the lower mold step surface includes a lower mold side surface and a lower mold bottom surface; the left side surface of the molding centering barrel includes a first middle barrel limiting surface, a middle barrel profiling surface and a second middle barrel limiting surface from bottom to top; The first middle barrel limiting surface abuts against the right side surface of the molding lower mold; the lower mold step surface and the middle barrel contour surface form the molding groove; the upper mold limiting plane is molded on the second middle barrel limiting surface.
5. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The steps for placing the die forgings into the final rolling fixture are as follows: S41. Assemble the lower mold and the centering barrel to obtain a lower mold assembly, and place the lower mold assembly on the upper table of the press; S42. Place the forged part into the forming groove of the lower die assembly; S43. Place the forming upper die on the forged piece, so that the upper die limit plane of the forming upper die abuts against the first limit guide surface; the upper die limit plane abuts against the upper surface of the forming lower die.
6. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left side surface of the lower forming die is convexly provided with a lower die clamping step.
7. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left rib of the upper die includes an upper die clamping step.
8. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, the blank is heated to 950°C-1200°C and kept at this temperature for 0.5 to 5 hours, and then the blank is transported to a press to perform upsetting and punching on the blank.
9. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a high-temperature gas furnace is used to heat the punched blank to a high temperature of 850°C-1200°C, and the temperature is kept for 0.5 to 5 hours. Then the forging is transferred to a ring rolling mill for multi-fire ring rolling preforming, and the deformation is controlled at 10%-40%; after ring rolling, it is pressed on a press.
10. The forming process of a large slope thick wall ring forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the die forging is heated to 900°C-1120°C and kept at this temperature for 0.5 hour to 5 hours.