Energy-saving furnace cover, coke oven and cover opening method

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving furnace cover, a coke oven and a cover opening method, the energy-saving furnace cover comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, and the upper cover and the lower cover are in sealed connection; the lower end face of the lower cover is a spherical surface, and a sealed space formed between the upper cover and the lower cover is filled with heat insulation materials. By improving the furnace cover, the loss of heat energy can be reduced, and the operation safety performance can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coke oven equipment, and more specifically, to an energy-saving oven cover, a coke oven and a cover opening method. Background Art

[0002] A coke oven is a furnace used to refine coke. The cover needs to be opened during the coal loading process. The cover is opened by the automatic cover opening mechanism of the top-loading coke oven coal loading car. Since the existing top-loading coke oven covers are usually made of cast iron, the average surface temperature of the cover is above 300°C during the coking cycle, and the surrounding heat radiation environment temperature is higher than 50°C, resulting in serious waste of heat energy, and easy scalding of operators, and a harsh operating environment.

[0003] The furnace cover currently used in production has poor insulation effect and loose peripheral sealing, which causes the raw coal gas generated in the carbonization chamber to overflow, pollute the environment, and is flammable and explosive. Its main components will have an impact on the health of the operators.

[0004] In addition, when the furnace cover and the coke oven base are sealed in a straight line, a layer of sealing material is often used to seal the furnace cover and the coke oven base around them to prevent the escape of raw coal gas. The furnace cover needs to be opened again during the coal loading process. The existing operations are generally divided into two forms: manual and mechanical. During manual operation, a crowbar is used to knock off the sealing material on the periphery, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. When the mechanical form is adopted, the furnace cover is separated from the coke oven base by continuously increasing the current intensity through the automatic cover opening mechanism of the coke oven coal loading car. When the current continues to increase, the automatic cover opening mechanism is easily burned out, which causes damage to components and affects the coal loading operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving furnace cover and a coke oven, which can reduce the loss of heat energy and improve the operation safety performance through the improvement of the furnace cover.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for opening the cover of a coke oven, which can improve the efficiency of opening the cover while controlling the current.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve this technical problem is: an energy-saving furnace cover, comprising: An upper cover and a lower cover, wherein the upper cover is sealed and connected to the lower cover; The lower end surface of the lower cover is a spherical surface, and the sealed space formed between the upper cover and the lower cover is filled with a heat insulating material.

[0008] Preferably, an annular groove is processed on the upper surface of the upper cover, an annular fin structure is arranged in the annular groove, and the annular fin structure is made of magnetic conductive material.

[0009] Preferably, the lower cover is made of steel material with a thermal conductivity less than a threshold value and processed into a spherical sealing surface, and the contact surface between the lower cover and the gas in the coke oven is mirror-finished.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of grooves are processed on the upper surface of the upper cover outside the annular groove.

[0011] Preferably, a receiving groove is provided on the upper cover, the vacuum sealing assembly is arranged in the receiving groove, a sealing plate is arranged on the top of the receiving groove, and after the vacuum degree of the sealed space formed between the upper cover and the lower cover is less than a threshold value, the sealing plate is welded and sealed to the upper cover.

[0012] Preferably, the upper cover and the lower cover are connected by welding and / or fasteners.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning cone sleeve is provided at the center of the upper cover.

[0014] When the surface connecting the coke oven body and the energy-saving furnace cover is an inclined structure, the contact surface between the coke oven and the furnace cover adopts a linear seal; or, When the surface connecting the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover is an inclined structure, the contact surface between the coke oven and the furnace cover adopts a linear seal, and the periphery of the connection between the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover is sealed by a sealing material; or, When the surface connecting the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover is a concave spherical structure, the contact surface between the coke oven and the furnace cover adopts a spherical seal. Preferably, when a sealing material is provided between the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover, the upper surface of the upper cover is coaxially processed with two groups of annular grooves, namely an outer annular groove and an inner annular groove, and annular tracks are provided in the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove, and the annular fin structure can be rotatably provided in the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove around the center of the circle; The annular fin comprises: a fin base, two groups of fin modules one and two groups of fin modules two. The fin base is an annular structure and is slidably installed on an annular track. Fin module one and fin module two are staggeredly installed on the fin base. The magnetic permeability of fin module one is greater than that of fin module two. Positioning grooves are provided on fin module one.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for opening a coke oven cover, which is used for an energy-saving oven cover, and an automatic cover-opening mechanism of a top-loading coke oven coal-charging car is used to open the oven cover. The automatic cover-opening mechanism comprises: a mechanical arm, a cover-opening seat, an electromagnetic suction cup mechanism, a controller, a visual recognition robot and a temperature detector; the mechanical arm is used to drive the cover-opening seat to move or rotate, and 8 groups of electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms are arranged one by one at positions corresponding to fin module 1 and fin module 2 on the cover-opening seat, the electromagnetic suction cup mechanism is electrically connected to the controller and the controller can control each electromagnetic suction cup mechanism separately, the controller is connected to the visual recognition robot, and the visual recognition robot is used to recognize the contour of the upper cover and send the information to the controller; The opening method comprises the following steps: S1, rotating the annular fin through the positioning groove, so that the fin module 1 of the outer annular groove is opposite to the fin module 2 of the inner annular groove; the controller detects the upper cover contour information through the visual recognition robot to adjust and locate the position of the cover opening seat, and then lowers the cover opening seat through the mechanical arm, opens all electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms, and lifts the furnace cover for a certain period of time; S2, if the furnace cover is not separated from the coke oven seat body, the sealing material between the furnace cover and the coke oven seat has fallen off, the peripheral temperature of the coke oven seat body is detected by a temperature detector and the part of the coke oven seat body with the lowest temperature is selected, the annular fin is rotated until the fin module 1 of the outer annular groove and the fin module 1 of the inner annular groove are both located in the fan-shaped area corresponding to the part with the lowest temperature of the coke oven seat body, the electromagnetic suction cup mechanism corresponding to the fan-shaped area is controlled by a controller to open, the electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms in other areas are powered off, and the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time and then powered off, and then the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time, and this process is repeated; S3, then turn on all the electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms, lift up the furnace cover, and complete opening the cover.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the energy-saving furnace cover of the present invention can reduce the heat dissipation of the furnace cover by 50%, and the surface temperature of the furnace cover can be reduced by more than 150°C during the coking cycle, which has good economic and environmental benefits and is worthy of promotion. This solution eliminates the phenomenon that the electromagnet of the automatic cover opening mechanism of the top-loading coke oven coal loading car is easily burned due to the high surface temperature of the furnace cover and insufficient magnetic attraction to increase the current.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the energy-saving furnace cover of the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the energy-saving furnace cover of the present invention; Figure 3Schematic diagram of the linear seal between the coke oven body and the oven cover of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the spherical seal between the coke oven body and the oven cover of the present invention; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy-saving furnace cover in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving furnace cover in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1-upper cover, 2-insulating material layer, 3-lower cover, 4-annular groove, 5-annular fin structure, 6-straight groove, 7-accommodating groove, 8-sealing plate, 9-vacuum sealing assembly, 10-positioning cone sleeve, 11-fin module one, 12-fin module two, 13-positioning groove, 14-coke oven seat body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly pointed out that the technical solutions and technical features provided in each part of the present invention, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] In addition, the embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations, and its specific implementation process is as follows: like Figure 1~2 As shown, the present invention provides an energy-saving furnace cover, comprising: An upper cover 1 and a lower cover 3, wherein the upper cover 1 is sealed and connected to the lower cover 3; The lower end surface of the lower cover 3 is a spherical surface, and the sealed space formed between the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3 is filled with a heat insulating material layer 2, and the heat insulating material can be a heat insulating blanket, so as to prevent heat from being conducted to the surface of the upper cover 1.

[0023] In the above technical solution, when the lower cover 3 is used on the coke oven, the close fit between the upper cover and the lower cover, as well as the filling of the insulation material layer, together form a relatively closed sealed space, which has a good self-sealing effect after loading coal, avoids the escape of raw coal gas, reduces the escape of raw coal gas, improves the gas yield, and reduces the environmental pollution of the coke oven. The insulation material is arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover to improve the thermal insulation performance of the furnace cover. In addition, due to the good self-sealing effect, employees do not need to frequently perform manual sealing and adjustment during operation, thereby simplifying the operation process and reducing the labor intensity of employees.

[0024] The present technical scheme may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: an annular groove 4 is processed on the upper surface of the upper cover 1, and an annular fin structure 5 is arranged in the annular groove 4. The annular fin structure 5 is made of magnetic conductive material, such as carbon steel, to save costs. The setting of the annular groove 4 increases the area of ​​the upper surface of the upper cover 1, which not only increases the convective heat exchange with the ambient air and reduces the surface temperature of the furnace cover, but also avoids the situation where the temperature of the furnace cover is too high and the automatic opening mechanism of the top-loaded coke oven coal loading car is used to magnetically attract the furnace cover, and the high temperature causes the electronic components or circuits of the opening mechanism to burn out; in addition, the setting of the annular groove 4 can also reduce the weight of the furnace cover and save the cost of the furnace cover.

[0025] The present technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the lower cover 3 is made of a steel material having a thermal conductivity less than a threshold value, which may be a high alloy steel material, a carbon steel material, a cast steel material, etc., and the lower cover is processed into a spherical sealing surface; and the contact surface between the lower cover 3 and the gas in the coke oven is mirror-treated to reflect thermal radiation and reduce heat dissipation.

[0026] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: Figure 5 As shown, the upper surface of the upper cover 1 is processed with a plurality of straight grooves 6 on the outside of the annular groove 4, but it is not limited to straight grooves, and can also be other groove structures. The extension line of the straight groove 6 intersects with the central axis of the upper cover 1. The straight groove 6 can not only increase the convection heat exchange with the ambient air and reduce the surface temperature of the furnace cover, but also reduce the weight of the furnace cover and save the cost of the furnace cover. The energy-saving furnace cover structure in this embodiment can reduce the heat dissipation of the furnace cover by 50%, and the surface temperature of the furnace cover is reduced by more than 150°C during the coking cycle. It has good economic and environmental benefits and is worthy of promotion.

[0027] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: a receiving groove 7 is provided on the upper cover 1, the vacuum sealing assembly 9 is arranged in the receiving groove 7, a sealing plate 8 is arranged on the top of the receiving groove 7, and after the vacuum degree of the sealed space formed between the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3 is less than the threshold value, the sealing plate 8 is welded and sealed with the upper cover 1. The sealed space formed by the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3 is evacuated by connecting the vacuum sealing assembly through the vacuum device, which greatly reduces the convective heat transfer of the air inside the furnace cover and greatly reduces the surface temperature of the furnace cover. In addition, after the vacuum is evacuated by the vacuum device, the sealing plate 8 is welded and sealed to avoid the problem of leakage of the vacuum device causing the vacuum degree of the above-mentioned sealed space to decrease and increase the convective heat transfer of the air inside the furnace cover.

[0028] The present technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3 are connected by welding, thereby avoiding the problem of reduced vacuum in the sealed space formed by the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3 and increased convective heat transfer of the air inside the furnace cover.

[0029] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the upper cover 1 and the lower cover 3 are connected by fasteners, which may be bolts in this embodiment, but are not limited thereto, so that they can be easily disassembled and repaired. In addition, the upper cover and the lower cover may also be connected by bolts combined with welding.

[0030] The present technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: a positioning cone sleeve 10 is provided at the center of the upper cover 1 for positioning the upper cover 1 by the automatic cover opening mechanism of the top-loading coke oven coal-charging car.

[0031] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: Figure 3 As shown, when the surface connecting the coke oven seat body 14 and the energy-saving furnace cover is an inclined structure, the contact surface between the coke oven and the furnace cover adopts a linear seal, thereby reducing the contact area between the coke oven and the furnace cover and reducing heat transfer; or, like Figure 3 As shown, when the surface connecting the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover is an inclined structure, the contact surface between the coke oven and the furnace cover adopts a linear seal, and the periphery of the connection between the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover is sealed by a sealing material; or, like Figure 4 As shown, when the surface connecting the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover is a concave spherical structure, the contact surface between the coke oven and the furnace cover adopts a spherical seal, thereby ensuring the sealing effect.

[0032] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: Figure 6As shown, when a sealing material is provided between the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving oven cover, two groups of annular grooves 4 are coaxially processed on the upper surface of the upper cover 1, namely, an outer annular groove 4 and an inner annular groove 4, and annular tracks are provided in the outer annular groove 4 and the inner annular groove 4, and the annular fin structure 5 is rotatable around the center of the circle and is provided in the outer annular groove 4 and the inner annular groove 4; The annular fin comprises: a fin base, two groups of fin modules 11 and two groups of fin modules 2 12, the fin base is an annular structure, which is slidably installed on the annular track, the fin module 1 1 and the fin module 2 12 are staggeredly installed on the fin base, the two groups of fin modules 1 11 and the two groups of fin modules 2 12 are enclosed to form an annular fin, the magnetic permeability of the fin module 1 11 is greater than the magnetic permeability of the fin module 2 12, and the fin module 1 11 is provided with a positioning groove 13; Since a sealing material is provided between the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover, the energy-saving furnace cover can be separated from the coke oven seat body only if the current intensity is continuously increased. However, the continuous increase in current can easily cause the automatic cover opening mechanism to burn out. Therefore, a cover opening method for the energy-saving furnace cover is designed, and the cover is opened by the automatic cover opening mechanism of the top-loading coke oven coal loading car. The automatic cover opening mechanism of the top-loading coke oven coal loading car is the prior art. The structure of the automatic cover opening mechanism is improved according to the cover opening method of the present application. The automatic cover opening mechanism comprises: a mechanical arm, a cover opening seat body, an electromagnetic suction cup mechanism, a controller, a visual recognition robot and a temperature detector; the mechanical arm is used to drive the cover opening seat body to move or rotate, and 8 groups of electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms are provided on the cover opening seat body corresponding to the positions of the fin module 11 and the fin module 2 12, and the electromagnetic suction cup mechanism is electrically connected to the controller and the controller can control each electromagnetic suction cup mechanism separately. The controller is connected to the visual recognition robot, and the visual recognition robot is used to identify the contour of the upper cover 1 and send the information to the controller; The opening method comprises the following steps: S1. The annular fin is rotated through the positioning groove 13 so that the fin module 1 11 of the outer annular groove 4 is opposite to the fin module 2 12 of the inner annular groove 4. When the annular fin is rotated and adjusted, a corresponding adjustment mechanism can be designed or a stick can be inserted into the positioning groove 13 manually to adjust the position of the annular fin; the controller detects the contour information of the upper cover 1 through the visual recognition robot to adjust and position the position of the cover opening seat, and then lowers the cover opening seat through the mechanical arm, opens all electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms, and lifts the furnace cover for a certain period of time; S2. If the furnace cover is not separated from the coke oven seat body, the sealing material between the furnace cover and the coke oven seat has fallen off. The current of the electromagnetic suction cup is determined according to the starting current of the conventional cover opening mechanism and the actual on-site experience. The peripheral temperature of the coke oven seat body is detected by a temperature detector and the part with the lowest temperature of the coke oven seat body is selected. The annular fins are rotated until the fin module 11 of the outer annular groove 4 and the fin module 11 of the inner annular groove 4 are both located in the fan-shaped area corresponding to the part with the lowest temperature of the coke oven seat body. The electromagnetic suction cup mechanism corresponding to the fan-shaped area is controlled by the controller to open, the electromagnetic suction cup mechanism in other areas is powered off, and the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time and then powered off, and then the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time, and so on. The number of reciprocating times also needs to be determined according to on-site operation experience. In step S2, the power of other areas is increased without increasing the overall current. The magnetic suction cup mechanism is powered off, so that the local current of the local electromagnetic suction cup mechanism in the low-temperature area increases, thereby increasing the suction force, so that the sealing material that has not fallen off can fall off quickly. In this way, the furnace cover can be sucked up with a smaller current to avoid the need to increase the current and cause easy burning. It should be noted that when the temperature of the relative areas on the outside of the coke oven seat body is relatively low, it means that the relative parts of the sealing materials on the outer periphery between the furnace cover and the coke oven seat have not fallen off, and the annular fins can also be rotated until the fin module 11 of the outer annular groove 4 and the fin module 11 of the inner annular groove 4 are located in two relative fan-shaped areas with lower temperatures of the coke oven seat body. The electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms corresponding to the two fan-shaped areas are controlled by the controller to open, and the electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms in the other two areas are powered off, and the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time and then powered off, and then the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time, and so on. S3, then turn on all the electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms, lift up the furnace cover, and complete opening the cover.

[0033] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An energy-saving furnace cover, characterized in that: include: An upper cover and a lower cover, wherein the upper cover is sealed and connected to the lower cover; The lower end surface of the lower cover is a spherical surface, and the sealed space formed between the upper cover and the lower cover is filled with a heat insulating material.

2. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove is processed on the upper surface of the upper cover, an annular fin structure is arranged in the annular groove, and the annular fin structure is made of magnetic conductive material.

3. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cover is processed into a spherical sealing surface using a steel material with a thermal conductivity lower than a threshold value, and the contact surface between the lower cover and the gas in the coke oven is mirror-finished.

4. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the upper cover is processed with a plurality of grooves outside the annular groove.

5. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover is provided with a receiving groove, the vacuum sealing assembly is arranged in the receiving groove, a sealing plate is arranged on the top of the receiving groove, and after the vacuum degree of the sealed space formed between the upper cover and the lower cover is less than a threshold value, the sealing plate is welded and sealed to the upper cover.

6. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The upper cover and the lower cover are connected by welding and / or fasteners.

7. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning cone sleeve is arranged at the center of the upper cover.

8. The energy-saving furnace cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: When a sealing material is provided between the coke oven seat body and the energy-saving furnace cover, the upper surface of the upper cover is coaxially processed with two groups of annular grooves, namely an outer annular groove and an inner annular groove, and annular tracks are provided in the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove, and the annular fin structure can be rotatably provided in the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove around the center of the circle; The annular fin comprises: a fin base, two groups of fin modules one and two groups of fin modules two. The fin base is an annular structure and is slidably installed on an annular track. Fin module one and fin module two are staggeredly installed on the fin base. The magnetic permeability of fin module one is greater than that of fin module two. Positioning grooves are provided on fin module one.

9. A method for opening a coke oven cover, which is used for the energy-saving oven cover as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The automatic cover-opening mechanism of the top-loading coke oven coal-charging car is used to open the furnace cover. The automatic cover-opening mechanism includes: a mechanical arm, a cover-opening seat, an electromagnetic suction cup mechanism, a controller, a visual recognition robot and a temperature detector; the mechanical arm is used to drive the cover-opening seat to move or rotate, and 8 groups of electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms are arranged one by one at the positions corresponding to the fin module 1 and the fin module 2 on the cover-opening seat. The electromagnetic suction cup mechanism is electrically connected to the controller and the controller can control each electromagnetic suction cup mechanism separately. The controller is connected to the visual recognition robot, and the visual recognition robot is used to identify the contour of the upper cover and send the information to the controller; The opening method comprises the following steps: S1, rotating the annular fin through the positioning groove, so that the fin module 1 of the outer annular groove is opposite to the fin module 2 of the inner annular groove; the controller detects the upper cover contour information through the visual recognition robot to adjust and locate the position of the cover opening seat, and then lowers the cover opening seat through the mechanical arm, opens all electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms, and lifts the furnace cover for a certain period of time; S2, if the furnace cover is not separated from the coke oven seat body, the sealing material between the furnace cover and the coke oven seat has fallen off, the peripheral temperature of the coke oven seat body is detected by a temperature detector and the part of the coke oven seat body with the lowest temperature is selected, the annular fin is rotated until the fin module 1 of the outer annular groove and the fin module 1 of the inner annular groove are both located in the fan-shaped area corresponding to the part with the lowest temperature of the coke oven seat body, the electromagnetic suction cup mechanism corresponding to the fan-shaped area is controlled by a controller to open, the electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms in other areas are powered off, and the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time and then powered off, and then the furnace cover is lifted for a certain period of time, and this process is repeated; S3, then turn on all the electromagnetic suction cup mechanisms, lift up the furnace cover, and complete opening the cover.

10. A coke oven, characterized in that: include: The energy-saving furnace cover and coke oven body as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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