A mine rock blasting drilling equipment and a blasting method

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment, and particularly to a rock blasting drilling equipment for mines and a blasting method. The equipment includes a drill pipe, a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism. An air flow channel is provided in the middle of the drill pipe, and a pneumatic impactor and an impact bit are connected to the front end; the sliding mechanism includes a slide rail, a slide seat and a pushing mechanism; the driving mechanism realizes the rotation of the drill pipe through a power device, a base and a positioning sleeve. Particularly, a preloading buffer device can provide compressed air for the drill pipe and give an elastic thrust to ensure the stable operation of the drill pipe. In addition, the meshing design of the contact part between the transmission part and the drill pipe improves the transmission efficiency, and a multi-stage buffer structure is provided, effectively extending the service life of the equipment. This application achieves the technical effects of improving drilling efficiency, reducing energy consumption and enhancing the reliability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment, and in particular to a mining rock blasting drilling equipment and a blasting method. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the mining industry, blasting drilling is one of the main means to achieve large-scale rock and soil crushing. With the development of the mining industry and the advancement of technology, the requirements for improving the efficiency and accuracy of rock and soil drilling and reducing energy consumption are becoming increasingly higher.

[0003] In traditional mining rock and soil blasting drilling equipment, common design schemes include a base, a rotating rod and an impact drill bit. The base is generally fixed on a hydraulic boom, and a slide rail is provided on the base. A slide seat is slidably connected to the slide rail. The slide seat moves by a pushing mechanism such as a transmission chain, a screw rod or an electric telescopic rod, and the power device that connects the drill rod and provides rotational power for the drill rod is directly fixed on the slide seat. When working, it moves by the propulsion force of the pushing mechanism and provides downward pressure on the rotating rod, thereby realizing the drilling of rock and soil. Although it can meet general mining needs, it often seems powerless when faced with complex geological conditions and high-strength rock masses.

[0004] Although there are many improvement measures for traditional mining rock blasting drilling equipment on the market, there are still obvious deficiencies in practical applications. First, the power device of traditional equipment is fixed on the slide and moves with the slide, which increases the burden of the push mechanism and is not conducive to reducing power consumption. Secondly, in the initial key steps of positioning the drilling point and drilling direction, due to the long distance between the impact drill bit and the power device, the base is prone to shaking when moving, which brings great difficulties to the positioning operation. Especially in the process of oblique drilling, due to the gravity of the drill rod and the impact drill bit, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the drilling direction. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new mining rock blasting drilling equipment to improve drilling accuracy and efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs, and ensuring operation safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a mining rock blasting drilling equipment, which can improve the drilling accuracy and efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs, and ensuring operation safety.

[0006] This application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A mine rock blasting drilling device, comprising a drill pipe, a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism. An air flow channel arranged circumferentially is provided in the middle of the drill pipe. A pneumatic impactor is threadedly connected to the front end, and an impact drill bit is installed at the head of the pneumatic impactor. The sliding mechanism includes a slide rail and a slide seat slidably connected to the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on the frame. A pushing mechanism for controlling the movement of the slide seat is provided on the frame. The driving mechanism is used to provide rotational power for the drill pipe, and a plurality of abutting parts for transmitting torque are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the outer wall of the drill pipe. A preloading buffer device is provided on the slide seat. The preloading buffer device is used to connect with the tail of the drill pipe, provide compressed air for the drill pipe, and provide elastic thrust for the rotating rod. The driving mechanism includes a power device, a base fixed at the bottom of the frame, and a positioning sleeve rotatably connected in the base. The positioning sleeve has a hollow structure, and a plurality of transmission parts adapted to the abutting parts of the drill pipe are evenly distributed on the inner wall. The transmission parts are engaged with the abutting parts of the drill pipe and position the drill pipe. The power device is used to provide rotational power for the positioning sleeve.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the mine rock blasting drilling device significantly improves the drilling efficiency and operation accuracy. Specifically, there are abutting parts on the drill pipe, which creates conditions for the driving mechanism to be provided at the lower end of the base, and the abutting parts can enhance the overall structural strength of the drill pipe and improve the service life of the drill pipe. The driving mechanism is fixed at the bottom of the frame instead of on the slide seat, reducing the burden on the pushing mechanism, reducing energy consumption. And there is a positioning sleeve inside the driving mechanism, and the transmission parts evenly distributed on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve are engaged with the abutting parts of the drill pipe, ensuring the effective transmission of power, reducing energy loss, further reducing the energy consumption level, saving operation costs. It should be noted that the positioning sleeve realizes the positioning of the impact drill bit at a short distance, and the tail of the drill pipe is fixed on the preloading buffer device, realizing the two-point precise positioning of the drill pipe, avoiding the shaking of the drill pipe, and improving the drilling accuracy of the device. The application of the preloading buffer device provides a stable supply of compressed air and elastic thrust for the drill pipe, avoiding mechanical damage caused by instantaneous impact, enhancing the reliability and durability of the device, reducing the number of repairs and cost expenditures, and extending the service life.

[0009] Optionally, the preloading buffer device includes a cylinder sleeve and a piston slidably connected in the cylinder sleeve. A pressure storage cover is fixed at the upper end of the cylinder sleeve. A compressed air inlet is provided on the pressure storage cover, and the inner cavity of the pressure storage cover is communicated with the upper cavity of the cylinder sleeve. A first elastic member for providing elastic force for the piston to reset is provided in the lower cavity of the cylinder sleeve. A pipe body is fixed in the middle of the piston. The air inlet of the pipe body is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure storage cover, and a pneumatic valve is provided at the air inlet. A thrust ring is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the pipe body, and a docking sleeve for connecting with the head of the drill pipe is rotatably connected to the lower end of the thrust ring.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, the stability and reliability of the drilling operation are effectively improved. Specifically, the design of the preloading buffer device can not only provide a stable supply of compressed air for the drill pipe, but also use the air pressure of the compressed air itself to provide a downward pushing force on the piston, reducing energy consumption. Moreover, when the preloading buffer device uses air pressure to provide a downward pushing force, it can also reduce the impact of shock vibration on the equipment during the drilling process, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs; the pneumatic valve can automatically open when the air pressure in the pressure accumulation cover reaches a certain value, allowing compressed air to enter the pipe body. In addition, this device can also ensure that the drill pipe has good adaptability when subjected to external resistance, further improving the drilling efficiency and operation quality.

[0011] Optionally, a sealing device for abutting against the air inlet of the drill pipe is provided at the air outlet of the pipe body. The sealing device includes a connecting sleeve and a sealing sleeve. The connecting sleeve is installed at the air outlet of the pipe body. The sealing sleeve is slidably connected in the connecting sleeve, and a positioning shoulder is provided at the bottom end of the sealing sleeve; a second elastic member for providing elastic force for the reset of the sealing sleeve is provided between the positioning shoulder and the connecting sleeve; a clamping groove is provided at the tail end of the sealing sleeve, and a limiting clamp is provided in the clamping groove.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, the sealing device can effectively ensure good sealing performance between the pipe body and the drill pipe. Specifically, the combined design of the connecting sleeve and the sealing sleeve enables the sealing sleeve to closely fit the air inlet of the drill pipe under the action of air pressure, preventing gas leakage; at the same time, the second elastic member provides a reset elastic force for the sealing sleeve to ensure a stable sealing state even in a high-pressure environment, thereby improving the working stability and reliability of the equipment. The design of the limiting clamp further enhances the stability of the sealing device and avoids sealing failure caused by vibration or impact. In summary, this sealing device not only improves the overall sealing effect of the equipment, but also extends the service life and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0013] Optionally, a locking ring is fixed at the lower end of the cylinder sleeve, and a locking sleeve is fixed on the docking sleeve. The locking sleeve abuts against the locking ring under the action of the elastic force provided by the first elastic member.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, the automatic locking of the connecting sleeve can be achieved when the equipment stops supplying compressed air to the pipe, preventing the connecting sleeve from rotating. Specifically, when disassembling and assembling the drill pipe, the equipment pauses the supply of compressed air to the pipe, resulting in a decrease in the air pressure in the pressure accumulation cover. The docking sleeve can abut against the locking ring under the action of the elastic force provided by the first elastic member, and then the connecting sleeve is locked under the action of friction. A ratchet structure can also be provided on the locking ring and the locking sleeve.

[0015] Optionally, a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve, the transmission member is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a third elastic member is provided between the bottom of the sliding groove and the transmission member; a tapered sleeve is rotatably connected in the base, the upper port of the tapered sleeve has a conical surface structure, and guiding grooves for driving the transmission member to move synchronously are circumferentially distributed on the lower end surface; a pin adapted to the guiding groove is provided at the upper end of the transmission member.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding groove provided on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve enables the transmission member to slide freely in the radial direction, and the third elastic member provides a restoring force to ensure that the transmission member always closely fits the abutting portion on the drill pipe, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and stability. At the same time, the design of the tapered sleeve can guide the transmission member to be evenly distributed and move synchronously in the axial direction, further enhancing the reliability of the transmission and the accuracy of positioning, and avoiding failures caused by uneven stress on individual components.

[0017] Optionally, an arc transition portion is provided between adjacent abutting portions.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, an arc transition portion is provided between adjacent abutting portions. This design can not only effectively transmit torque, but also reduce the wear caused by stress concentration, further improving the durability of the drill pipe. At the same time, it creates conditions for the accurate positioning of the drill pipe. In addition, the design of the arc transition portion can also reduce the vibration generated during the rotation of the drill pipe, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the drilling operation.

[0019] Further optionally, a roller is rotatably connected to the contact end of the transmission member and the drill pipe, and the roller is adapted to the abutting portion and the transition portion.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the roller changes the friction between the transmission member and the drill pipe from sliding to rolling, thereby greatly reducing the friction resistance between the two. This not only improves the efficiency of power transmission, but also reduces the wear caused by long-term use, further extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, the roller is adapted to the abutting portion and the transition portion, ensuring that the transmission member can stably and smoothly transmit torque during the rotation of the drill pipe, improving the accuracy and stability of the drilling operation.

[0021] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a turntable, the turntable is rotatably connected in the base, and positioning sleeves are provided at both the upper end and the lower end of the turntable; the power device drives the turntable to rotate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, the drilling efficiency, operation precision and reliability are significantly improved. Specifically, positioning sleeves are arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the rotary table, making the power transmission more stable and uniform, avoiding power loss caused by a single transmission point. Especially when the connection parts at the head and tail of the drill pipe pass through the positioning sleeves, at least one transmission point can be ensured, so that the drill pipe will not suddenly lose power and get stuck, causing damage. At the same time, the design of double-end positioning ensures the stability of the drill pipe during high-speed rotation, reduces deviation and vibration, makes the drilling position more accurate, and improves the hole-forming quality. Moreover, the modular design facilitates the rapid replacement of damaged parts, reduces the maintenance difficulty and cost, and further ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0023] Optionally, the power device is a pneumatic motor. A wind hood is provided at the bottom end of the frame. A drill pipe sleeve is fixed in the wind hood. An impeller is rotatably connected to the drill pipe sleeve. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the wind hood. The air inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the pneumatic motor. And the air inlet is arranged along the oblique cutting direction of the impeller. A guide air hose is provided at the lower end of the wind hood. A bell-shaped flow guide cover is provided at the air inlet of the guide air hose. A shaping spring is provided between the flow guide cover and the wind hood.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solutions, the comprehensive performance of the mine rock blasting drilling equipment is significantly improved. Specifically, using a pneumatic motor as the power device, compared with the traditional electric or hydraulic drive mode, the pneumatic motor has a higher energy efficiency ratio and can provide a greater torque output at the same power, thus effectively improving the drilling efficiency and reducing energy consumption. A dust suction device is provided at the bottom end of the frame. The device includes a wind hood and a drill pipe sleeve fixed in the wind hood. An impeller is rotatably connected to the drill pipe sleeve. This design enables the high-pressure exhaust gas generated by the pneumatic motor to enter the wind hood through the air inlet and flow along the oblique cutting direction of the impeller, forming a strong vortex effect, effectively sucking the dust generated during the drilling process into the wind hood and discharging it to the dust collection device through the air outlet, greatly reducing the dust pollution at the operation site and improving the working environment of the workers. A bell-shaped flow guide cover is provided at the air inlet of the guide air hose. A shaping spring is provided between the flow guide cover and the wind hood. This design not only helps to expand the dust suction range, but also enables the guide air hose to maintain a certain shape stability, avoiding affecting the dust suction effect due to frequent swinging. And due to the elastic characteristics of the shaping spring, the flow guide cover can easily adapt to various inclined terrains. In summary, through the application of the above technical means, not only the working efficiency and environmental protection performance of the mine rock blasting drilling equipment are greatly improved, but also the working conditions of the operators are improved, meeting the requirements of modern green mine construction. More importantly, the dust suction device can use the exhaust gas of the pneumatic motor for dust suction, greatly saving energy consumption.

[0025] A method for blasting mine rocks, using any one of the above-mentioned mine rock blasting drilling equipment. Among them, a sensor for sensing the displacement of the drill rod is provided on the pre-pressure buffer device, and the sensor is electrically connected to the control unit of the equipment. The control unit adjusts the propulsion action of the pushing mechanism according to the value sensed by the sensor. The specific steps are as follows:

[0026] First step, install the drill rod and the drill bit. Insert the drill rod into the positioning sleeve, and align the connecting part at the upper end of the drill rod with the connecting part of the pre-pressure buffer device. When the connecting part of the pre-pressure buffer device is in the locked state, start the driving device, and the power device screws the drill rod into the connecting part of the pre-pressure buffer device. Then install a pneumatic impactor at the lower end of the drill rod;

[0027] Second step, position the drill bit and the drill rod. Align the impact drill bit of the equipment with the set drilling point, and then adjust the angle of the frame so that the drill rod advances and drills at the set angle;

[0028] Third step, drill. Start the equipment. The power device drives the drill rod to rotate, and the compressed air pipeline starts to introduce compressed air into the pre-pressure buffer device. The pre-pressure buffer device provides an elastic thrust for the rotating rod and drives the rotating rod to move downward. When the value sensed by the sensor reaches the set value, the control unit starts the pushing mechanism to move downward by a set distance, so as to gradually push and press the drill rod to work until the drilling is completed;

[0029] Fourth step, place explosives in the drill hole for blasting.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to monitor in real time the distance that the rotating rod moves relative to the sliding seat during the drilling process and feedback it to the control unit. The control unit dynamically adjusts the propulsion speed and force of the sliding seat according to the actual value, so as to ensure that the drill rod always maintains the best working state under different geological conditions. This intelligent control method not only improves the drilling efficiency and accuracy, but also effectively avoids the risk of equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, and further improves the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0031] To sum up, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. In the present application, the abutting parts circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the drill rod are engaged with the transmission parts on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve, ensuring the precise positioning of the drill rod and the efficient torque transmission, improving the drilling accuracy and efficiency, reducing energy loss at the same time, and lowering the energy consumption level;

[0033] 2. In the present application, the pre-pressure buffer device provides a stable supply of compressed air and elastic thrust for the drill rod, avoiding mechanical damage caused by instantaneous impact, enhancing the reliability and durability of the equipment, reducing the number of repairs and cost expenditures, and extending the service life;

[0034] 3. The power device of this application is fixed at the bottom of the frame instead of on the sliding seat, which reduces the burden on the pushing mechanism, lowers the energy consumption, and at the same time achieves two-point precise positioning of the drill pipe, avoiding the shaking of the drill pipe and improving the accuracy of the drilling direction, especially performing excellently during the oblique drilling process;

[0035] 4. The intelligent control method of this application not only improves the drilling efficiency and accuracy, but also effectively avoids the risk of equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the mine rock blasting drilling equipment described in Embodiment 1;

[0037] Figure 2 is a front view structural diagram of the drill pipe described in Embodiment 1;

[0038] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the drill pipe described in Embodiment 1;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pre-pressure buffer device described in Embodiment 1;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the thrust ring described in Embodiment 1;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing device described in Embodiment 1;

[0042] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the pneumatic valve described in Embodiment 1;

[0043] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the slip ring described in Embodiment 1;

[0044] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving mechanism described in Embodiment 1;

[0045] Figure 10 is a schematic layout structural diagram of the guiding groove and the dial pin described in Embodiment 1;

[0046] Figure 11 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the positioning sleeve described in Embodiment 1;

[0047] Figure 12 is a schematic layout structural diagram of the wind hood, the air guiding hose and the air deflector described in Embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 13 is a schematic layout structural diagram of the guiding groove and the dial pin described in Embodiment 2;

[0049] Figure 14 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the positioning sleeve described in the second embodiment;

[0050] Figure 15 It is a schematic layout structure diagram of the wind hood, air guide hose and air deflector described in the third embodiment;

[0051] Figure 16 It is a front view structure schematic diagram of the wind hood described in the third embodiment;

[0052] Figure 17 It is a top view structure schematic diagram of the wind hood described in the third embodiment;

[0053] Figure 18 It is a schematic structure diagram of the mine rock blasting drilling equipment described in the fourth embodiment;

[0054] Figure 19 It is a schematic structure diagram of the preloading buffer device described in the fourth embodiment.

[0055] In the figure: 1. Frame; 11. Slide rail; 12. Hinge seat; 13. Mounting plate; 2. Drill pipe; 21. Contact part; 22. Transition part; 23. Upper connection part; 24. Lower connection part; 25. Air flow channel; 3. Slide block; 31. Pushing mechanism; 4. Preloading buffer device; 41. Cylinder sleeve; 411. Pressure accumulator cover; 4111. Sensor; 412. Compressed air inlet; 413. Upper cover plate; 414. Lower cover plate; 42. Piston; 43. First elastic member; 44. Pipe body; 45. Pneumatic valve; 451. Valve sleeve; 452. Valve rod; 453. Valve cover; 454. Compression spring; 455. Slip ring; 4551. Slip hole; 46. Thrust ring; 461. Thrust bearing; 47. Docking sleeve; 48. Sealing device; 481. Connecting sleeve; 482. Sealing sleeve; 4821. Positioning shoulder; 4822. Limit clamp; 483. Second elastic member; 49. Locking sleeve; 5. Driving mechanism; 51. Power device; 52. Base; 521. Cover plate; 53. Positioning sleeve; 531. Chute; 54. Transmission member; 541. Pin; 542. Roller; 55. Third elastic member; 56. Tapered sleeve; 561. Guide groove; 57. Turntable; 6. Wind hood; 61. Drill pipe sleeve; 62. Impeller; 621. Rotating sleeve; 622. Fixed ring; 623. Blade; 63. Air guide hose; 64. Shaping spring; 65. Air deflector; 66. Suction port; 67. Air inlet; 68. Air outlet; 7. Pneumatic impactor; 71. Impact bit; 8. Excavator operating arm. Detailed implementation manners

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the present application. Embodiment

[0057] Refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present application discloses a rock blasting drilling device for mines, including a drill pipe 2, a sliding mechanism, and a driving mechanism 5. An air flow channel 25 arranged circumferentially is provided in the middle of the drill pipe 2, and a pneumatic impactor 7 is threadedly connected to the front end. An impact drill bit 71 is installed at the head of the pneumatic impactor 7. The sliding mechanism includes a slide rail 11 and a slide seat 3 slidably connected to the slide rail 11. Among them, the slide rail 11 is fixed on the frame 1, and the frame 1 can be fixed on the boom of an existing hydraulic crane, and the boom can adjust the position of the frame 1; a pushing mechanism 31 for controlling the movement of the slide seat 3 is provided on the frame 1, and the pushing mechanism 31 can be in the form of an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, or a threaded rod transmission; a preloading buffer device 4 is provided on the slide seat 3, and the preloading buffer device 4 is used to connect to the tail of the drill pipe 2, provide compressed air for the drill pipe 2, and provide elastic thrust for the drill pipe 2; and the driving mechanism 5 is fixed at the bottom of the frame 1, used to provide rotational power for the drill pipe 2 and position the drill pipe 2.

[0058] Refer to Figures 2 - 3 , an upper connection part 23 is provided at the upper end of the drill pipe 2, and a lower connection part 24 is provided at the lower end. The upper connection part 23 and the lower connection part 24 are used for the docking between drill pipes 2 or the connection between the drill pipe 2 and the pneumatic impactor 7, and a threaded structure can be adopted; four abutting parts 21 for transmitting torque are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the drill pipe 2, and the abutting parts 21 are arranged along the axial direction of the drill pipe 2. These abutting parts 21 can be in the form of protrusions or grooves. In order to effectively transmit torque, reduce wear caused by stress concentration, further improve the durability of the drill pipe 2, and at the same time create conditions for the precise positioning of the drill pipe 2, an arc transition part 22 is provided between adjacent abutting parts 21. The design of the arc transition part 22 can adopt different radii and curvatures according to actual needs to achieve the best smooth transition effect. For example, a larger radius can be selected to reduce stress concentration, or a smaller radius can be selected to improve rigidity.

[0059] Refer to Figures 4 - 6, the preloading buffer device 4 mainly includes components such as a cylinder liner 41, a piston 42, a pressure accumulator cover 411, a first elastic member 43, a pipe body 44, a thrust ring 46, and a docking sleeve 47. Among them, the cylinder liner 41 is fixed on the sliding seat 3. An upper cover plate 413 is fixed to the upper end surface of the cylinder liner 41 by bolts, and a lower cover plate 414 is fixed to the lower end surface by bolts; the piston 42 is slidably connected in the cylinder liner 41; the pressure accumulator cover 411 is fixed to the upper end of the upper cover plate 413 of the cylinder liner 41 by bolts. A compressed air inlet 412 is provided on the pressure accumulator cover 411, and the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover 411 communicates with the upper cavity of the cylinder liner 41; the first elastic member 43 is a spring and is arranged in the lower cavity of the cylinder liner 41 between the piston 42 and the lower cover plate 414 to provide elastic force for the piston 42 to reset; a pipe body 44 is fixed in the middle of the piston 42. The air inlet of the pipe body 44 communicates with the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover 411, and a pneumatic valve 45 is provided on the air inlet. The pneumatic valve 45 can be automatically opened when the air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 reaches a certain value; a thrust ring 46 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the pipe body 44 by bolts. The lower end of the thrust ring 46 is rotatably connected by a bearing to a docking sleeve 47 for connecting with the connecting portion 23 on the drill pipe 2. Specifically, the docking sleeve 47 is fixed to the pipe body 44 by a roller bearing. In order to improve the reliability of the device and reduce the load on the roller bearing, a thrust bearing 461 is also provided between the thrust ring 46 and the docking sleeve 47; during drilling, when high-pressure air enters the pressure accumulator cover 411 from the compressed air inlet 412, the air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 increases, thereby driving the piston 42 to move downward against the elastic force of the first elastic member 43 to provide a top pressure for the drill pipe 2 to improve the drilling efficiency. After the compressed air with a relatively high air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 pushes open the pneumatic valve 45, it enters the air passage of the pipe body 44 and then supplies air to the drill pipe 2 to drive the pneumatic impactor 7 to work; it should be noted that during the drilling process of the equipment, due to the compressibility of the air in the pressure accumulator cover 411, the preloading buffer device 4 can also reduce the vibration and impact during drilling, ensure that the drill pipe 2 has good adaptability when encountering external resistance, and improve the drilling accuracy and the service life of the equipment.

[0060] Refer to Figures 4 - 6, in order to effectively ensure the good sealing performance between the pipe body 44 and the drill pipe 2, a sealing device 48 for abutting against the air inlet of the drill pipe 2 is provided at the air outlet of the pipe body 44. Among them, the sealing device 48 includes a connecting sleeve 481 and a sealing sleeve 482; the connecting sleeve 481 is threadedly connected to the air outlet of the pipe body 44, a guiding hole is provided at the lower end of the connecting sleeve 481, and a sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the guiding hole; the sealing sleeve 482 is slidably connected in the guiding hole, and a positioning shoulder 4821 is provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 482; a second elastic member 483 for providing elastic force for the reset of the sealing sleeve 482 is provided between the positioning shoulder 4821 and the connecting sleeve 481; in order to prevent the sealing sleeve 482 from slipping off from the connecting sleeve 481, a clamping groove is provided at the tail end of the sealing sleeve 482, and a limiting clamp 4822 is provided in the clamping groove. When the sealing sleeve 482 is not in contact with the drill pipe 2, the elastic force of the second elastic member 483 drives the limiting clamp to abut against the sliding hole 4551, and when the sealing sleeve 482 is docked with the drill pipe 2, the elastic force of the second elastic member 483 can drive the air outlet of the sealing sleeve 482 to closely adhere to the air inlet of the drill hole to achieve the sealing effect. In order to improve the sealing effect, a rubber pad can be provided on the lower end surface of the sealing sleeve 482.

[0061] Referring to Figures 7 - 8 , the pneumatic valve 45 includes a valve sleeve 451, a valve rod 452, a compression spring 454 and a valve cover 453. The valve sleeve 451 is threadedly connected to the air inlet end of the pipe body 44, and a shoulder is provided in the valve sleeve 451, and a sliding ring 455 is positioned and installed on the shoulder; the valve rod 452 is slidably connected in a sliding hole 4551 provided in the middle of the sliding ring 455; a gas hole is provided in the middle of the valve cover 453, and the valve cover 453 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the valve sleeve 451; the compression spring 454 is sleeved on the valve rod 452 and is placed between the valve rod 452 and the sliding ring 455. Under the elastic force provided by the compression spring 454, the tapered head of the valve rod 452 abuts against the gas hole of the valve cover 453. When the air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 reaches the set value, the valve rod 452 can be pushed open from the gas hole to achieve ventilation. It should be noted that in general, the pneumatic valve 45 can also adopt a common pressure reducing valve.

[0062] Referring to Figures 9 - 11, the driving mechanism 5 includes a power device 51, a base 52, a turntable 57 and a positioning sleeve 53. Among them, the power device 51 can be of various types such as a pneumatic motor, an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and the specific selection depends on the requirements of the actual application scenario; the base 52 is fixed on the mounting plate 13 provided at the bottom end of the frame 1, and the positioning sleeve 53 is rotatably connected in the base 52 through the turntable 57. Specifically, a through hole is provided in the middle of the turntable 57, and it is rotatably connected in the base 52 through a bearing, and positioning sleeves 53 are fixed at both the upper and lower ends of the turntable 57 by bolts, making the power transmission more stable and uniform, avoiding power loss caused by a single transmission point. Especially when the connection parts at the head and tail ends of the drill pipe 2 pass through the positioning sleeve 53, at least one transmission point can be ensured, so that the drill pipe 2 will not suddenly lose power and get stuck, causing damage; at the same time, the double-end positioning design ensures the stability of the drill pipe 2 during high-speed rotation, reduces offset and vibration, makes the drilling position more accurate, and improves the hole-forming quality; and the modular design is convenient for quickly replacing damaged parts, reduces the maintenance difficulty and cost, and further ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0063] Refer to Figure 11 , the positioning sleeve 53 is of a hollow structure, and four transmission parts 54 adapted to the abutting parts 21 of the drill pipe 2 are evenly distributed on the inner wall. The transmission parts 54 are engaged with the abutting parts 21 of the drill pipe 2 and position the drill pipe 2; the power device 51 is used to provide rotational power for the positioning sleeve 53. Specifically, a chute 531 is provided on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 53, the transmission part 54 is slidably connected in the chute 531, and a third elastic member 55 is provided between the bottom of the chute 531 and the transmission part 54. For the convenience of processing, the chute 531 penetrates the positioning sleeve 53. At the same time, a cover plate 521 is fixed on the outer wall of the positioning sleeve 53 by bolts, and the third elastic member 55 is arranged between the cover plate 521 and the transmission part 54; in order to ensure the synchronism of the movement of each transmission part 54 to realize the positioning of the drill pipe 2, a tapered sleeve 56 is rotatably connected in the positioning sleeve 53 through a bearing. A guiding groove 561 for driving the transmission parts 54 to move synchronously is provided at the lower end of the tapered sleeve 56, and a pin 541 adapted to the guiding groove 561 is provided at the upper end of the transmission part 54; in order to preliminarily position the drill pipe 2, the upper port of the tapered sleeve 56 is of a conical surface structure.

[0064] Refer to Figure 12, a wind hood 6 is provided on the lower end face of the bottom mounting plate 13 of the frame 1. The wind hood 6 is communicated with a vacuum cleaner, and a wind guide hose 63 is provided at the lower end of the wind hood 6. A horn-shaped diversion cover 65 is provided at the air inlet 67 of the wind guide hose 63. A shaping spring 64 is provided between the diversion cover 65 and the wind hood 6. During operation, the diversion cover 65 covers the drilling opening to prevent dust driven by the exhaust gas of the pneumatic impactor 7 from overflowing. The dust in the wind hood 6, under the action of the suction of the vacuum cleaner and the exhaust gas of the pneumatic impactor 7, is guided by the ventilation pipe and collected in the designated equipment, which can improve the working conditions of the operators and also meet the requirements of modern green mine construction. Among them, a horn-shaped diversion cover 65 is provided at the air inlet 67 of the wind guide hose 63, and a shaping spring 64 is provided between the diversion cover 65 and the wind hood 6. This design not only helps to expand the dust collection range but also enables the wind guide hose 63 to maintain a certain shape stability, avoiding affecting the dust collection effect due to frequent swinging. Moreover, due to the elastic characteristics of the shaping spring 64, the diversion cover 65 can easily adapt to various inclined terrains.

[0065] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By fixing the power device 51 at the bottom of the frame 1 instead of moving with the slide 3, the burden on the pushing mechanism 31 is significantly reduced, and the power consumption is lowered. At the same time, the contact part 21 on the drill pipe 2 and the transmission part 54 in the positioning sleeve 53 are combined to ensure the effective transmission of power, improving the drilling efficiency and accuracy. The application of the preloading and buffering device 4 further enhances the stability and reliability of the equipment, reduces the number of repairs and cost expenditures, and extends the service life. Embodiment

[0066] Refer to Figures 13 - 14 , the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a roller 542 is rotatably connected to the contact end of the transmission part 54 and the drill pipe 2. The roller 542 is adapted to the contact part 21 and the transition part 22. Specifically, the design of the roller 542 changes the friction between the transmission part 54 and the drill pipe 2 from sliding to rolling, thus greatly reducing the friction resistance between the two. This not only improves the efficiency of power transmission but also reduces the wear caused by long-term use, further extending the service life of the equipment. The roller 542 can be made of various materials, such as a steel roller 542, a ceramic roller 542, or a composite material roller 542. The specific selection depends on the actual application requirements and cost considerations.

[0067] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By setting a roller 542 at the contact end of the transmission part 54 and the drill pipe 2, the original sliding friction is changed to rolling friction, significantly improving the efficiency and stability of power transmission. This design is particularly suitable for high-load and long-term continuous working scenarios, which can effectively extend the service life of the equipment and reduce the maintenance cost. Embodiment

[0068] Refer to Figures 15 - 17, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power device 51 is a pneumatic motor, and a dust suction device is provided at the bottom end of the frame 1. The dust suction device includes a wind hood 6 and a drill pipe sleeve 61 fixed in the wind hood 6; the inner wall of the drill pipe sleeve 61 can accommodate the drill pipe 2 to pass through, and an impeller 62 is rotatably connected to the outer wall; the impeller 62 includes a rotating sleeve 621 and a fixed ring 622 fixed on the rotating sleeve 621 through support bars, and a plurality of vertically arranged blades 623 are evenly distributed on the fixed ring 622; an air inlet 67 and an air outlet 68 are provided on the wind hood 6, and the air inlet 67 is communicated with the air outlet 68 of the pneumatic motor; and the air inlet 67 is arranged along the oblique cutting direction of the impeller 62; a guide air hose 63 is provided at the lower end of the wind hood 6, and a horn-shaped flow guide cover 65 is provided at the air inlet 67 of the guide air hose 63, and a shaping spring 64 is provided between the flow guide cover 65 and the wind hood 6.

[0069] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: The pneumatic motor is used as the power device 51. Compared with the traditional electric or hydraulic drive mode, the pneumatic motor has a higher energy efficiency ratio and can provide a greater torque output at the same power, thereby effectively improving the drilling efficiency and reducing energy consumption. More importantly, the high-pressure exhaust gas generated at the air outlet 68 of the pneumatic motor can enter the wind hood 6 through the air inlet 67 and flow along the oblique cutting direction of the impeller 62, forming a strong vortex effect, effectively sucking the dust generated during the drilling process into the wind hood 6 and discharging it to the dust collection device through the air outlet 68, realizing the reasonable utilization of energy and greatly saving energy consumption. Embodiment

[0070] Reference Figures 18 - 19 , this embodiment also discloses a method for blasting mine rocks. Any of the mine rock blasting drilling equipment in the above embodiments is adopted. Among them, a sensor 4111 for sensing the displacement of the drill pipe 2 relative to the sliding seat 3 is provided on the pre-pressure buffer device 4. The sensor 4111 is electrically connected to the control unit of the equipment. The control unit adjusts the advancement of the sliding seat 3 according to the value sensed by the sensor 4111. Specifically, the sensor 4111 is a distance sensor 4111, which is installed at the head of the pressure storage cover 411, and determines the displacement distance of the drill pipe 2 relative to the sliding seat 3 by detecting the distance between the piston 42 and the sensor 4111. The specific steps are as follows:

[0071] The first step is to install the drill pipe 2 and the drill bit. The drill pipe 2 is inserted into the positioning sleeve 53, and the connecting part at the upper end of the drill pipe 2 is aligned with the connecting part of the docking sleeve 47. The docking sleeve 47 is in a locked state when the pressure storage cover 411 is not ventilated. In this state, the power device 51 is started, and the positioning sleeve 53 is driven by the power device 51 to rotate, and the drill pipe 2 is screwed into the docking sleeve 47, and then a pneumatic impactor 7 is installed at the lower end of the drill pipe 2;

[0072] Second step, position the drill bit and the drill pipe 2. Align the impact drill bit 71 of the equipment with the set drilling point, and then adjust the angle of the frame 1 so that the drill pipe 2 is advanced and drilled at the set angle. Specifically, a hinge seat 12 can be provided on the frame 1, and the frame 1 can be installed on the existing operating arm 8 of the excavator, and the movement ability and hydraulic system of the excavator are used to adjust the position and angle of the equipment for blasting holes in mine rocks;

[0073] Third step, drilling. Start the equipment. The driving device drives the drill pipe 2 to rotate, and the compressed air pipeline starts to introduce compressed air into the pre-pressure buffer device 4. The pre-pressure buffer device 4 provides elastic thrust for the rotating rod and drives the rotating rod to move downward. When the value sensed by the sensor 4111 reaches the set value, the control unit starts the slide base 3 to move downward by a set distance, so as to gradually push the drill pipe 2 to work until the drilling is completed. Specifically, the compressed air enters the pressure accumulator cover 411. On the one hand, the compressed gas enters the pipe body 44 from the pneumatic valve 45 and enters the pneumatic impactor 7 through the air passage in the drill pipe, driving the pneumatic impactor 7 to work. On the other hand, when the air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 increases, the piston 42 moves downward and presses the drill pipe 2 through the thrust ring 46 to work. When the value sensed by the distance sensor 4111 reaches the set value, the control unit starts the pushing mechanism 31 to move downward by a set distance, so as to gradually push the drill pipe 2 to work until the drilling is completed;

[0074] Fourth step, place explosives in the drilled hole for blasting.

[0075] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: it can monitor the air pressure value in the pressure accumulator cover 411 in real time during the drilling process and feedback it to the control unit. The control unit dynamically adjusts the advancing speed and force of the slide base 3 according to the actual air pressure value, so as to ensure that the drill pipe 2 always maintains the best working state under different geological conditions. This intelligent regulation method not only improves the drilling efficiency and accuracy, but also effectively avoids the risk of equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, and further improves the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A mining rock blasting drilling device, comprising a drill rod (2), a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism (5), wherein an air flow channel (25) arranged along the axial direction is provided in the middle of the drill rod (2), a pneumatic impactor (7) is threadedly connected to the front end, and an impact drill bit (71) is installed on the head of the pneumatic impactor (7); the sliding mechanism comprises a slide rail (11) and a slide seat (3) slidably connected to the slide rail (11), and the slide rail (11) is fixed on a frame (1); a pushing mechanism (31) for controlling the movement of the slide seat (3) is provided on the frame (1); the driving mechanism (5) is used to provide rotational power for the drill rod (2), and is characterized in that: The outer wall of the drill rod (2) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of abutment portions (21) for transmitting torque. The slide seat (3) is provided with a pre-load buffer device (4). The pre-load buffer device (4) is used to connect with the rear end of the drill rod (2) to provide compressed air for the drill rod (2) and to provide elastic thrust for the drill rod. The driving mechanism (5) comprises a power device (51), a base (52) fixed at the bottom end of the frame (1), and a positioning sleeve (53) rotatably connected to the base (52). The positioning sleeve (53) is a hollow structure with an inner wall uniformly distributed with a plurality of abutment portions (21) for transmitting torque. A plurality of transmission members (54) adapted to the abutment portion (21) of the drill rod (2) are arranged; the transmission members (54) mesh with the abutment portion (21) of the drill rod (2) and position the drill rod (2); the power device (51) is used to provide rotational power for the positioning sleeve (53); the driving mechanism (5) comprises a rotating disk (57), the rotating disk (57) is rotatably connected to the base (52), and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating disk (57) are both provided with positioning sleeves (53); the power device (51) drives the rotating disk (57) to rotate.

2. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-pressure buffer device (4) comprises a cylinder sleeve (41) and a piston (42) slidably connected in the cylinder sleeve (41); a pressure accumulator cover (411) is fixed at the upper end of the cylinder sleeve (41); a compressed air inlet (412) is provided on the pressure accumulator cover (411), and the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover (411) is communicated with the upper cavity of the cylinder sleeve (41); a first elastic member (43) for providing elastic force for resetting the piston (42) is provided in the lower cavity of the cylinder sleeve (41); a pipe body (44) is fixed at the middle of the piston (42); the air inlet of the pipe body (44) is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover (411), and a pneumatic valve (45) is provided on the air inlet; a thrust ring (46) is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the pipe body (44); a docking sleeve (47) for connecting to the head of a drill pipe (2) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the thrust ring (46).

3. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing device (48) for abutting against an air inlet of a drill pipe (2) is provided on the air outlet of the tube body (44), the sealing device (48) comprising a connecting sleeve (481) and a sealing sleeve (482), the connecting sleeve (481) being mounted on the air outlet of the tube body (44), the sealing sleeve (482) being slidably connected in the connecting sleeve (481), and a positioning shoulder (4821) being provided at the bottom end of the sealing sleeve (482); a second elastic member (483) for providing elastic force for resetting the sealing sleeve (482) is provided between the positioning shoulder (4821) and the connecting sleeve (481); a clamping groove is provided at the rear end of the sealing sleeve (482), and a limit clamp (4822) is provided in the clamping groove.

4. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A locking ring is fixed to the lower end of the cylinder sleeve (41), a locking sleeve (49) is fixed to the docking sleeve (47), and the locking sleeve (49) abuts against the locking ring under the action of the elastic force provided by the first elastic member (43).

5. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the positioning sleeve (53) is provided with a slide groove (531), the transmission member (54) is slidably connected in the slide groove (531), and a third elastic member (55) is provided between the bottom of the slide groove (531) and the transmission member (54); a conical sleeve (56) is rotatably connected to the base (52), the upper end of the conical sleeve (56) is in a conical structure, and the lower end surface is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction with guide grooves (561) for driving the transmission member (54) to move synchronously; and a detent pin (541) adapted to the guide groove (561) is provided at the upper end of the transmission member (54).

6. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc transition portion (22) is provided between adjacent abutment portions (21).

7. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The contact end of the transmission member (54) and the drill rod (2) is rotatably connected with a roller (542), and the roller (542) is adapted to the abutment portion (21) and the transition portion (22).

8. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device (51) is a pneumatic motor. A wind shield (6) is provided at the bottom end of the frame (1). A drill rod sleeve (61) is fixed in the wind shield (6). An impeller (62) is rotatably connected to the drill rod sleeve (61). An air inlet (67) and an air outlet (68) are provided on the wind shield (6). The air inlet (67) is communicated with the air outlet (68) of the pneumatic motor. The air inlet (67) is arranged along the oblique direction of the impeller (62). An air guide hose (63) is provided at the lower end of the wind shield (6). A trumpet-shaped air guide shield (65) is provided at the air inlet (67) of the air guide hose (63). A shaping spring (64) is provided between the air guide shield (65) and the wind shield (6).

9. A method for rock blasting in a mine, characterized in that: A mining rock blasting drilling device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, wherein a sensor (4111) for sensing the displacement of a drill rod (2) is provided on the preload buffer device (4), the sensor (4111) is electrically connected to a control unit of the device, and the control unit regulates the propulsion action of the push mechanism (31) according to the value sensed by the sensor (4111), specifically comprising the following steps: The first step is to install the drill rod (2) and the drill bit, insert the drill rod (2) into the positioning sleeve (53), and align the upper end connection portion of the drill rod (2) with the connection portion of the pre-pressure buffer device (4). The connection portion of the pre-pressure buffer device (4) is locked, and the driving device is started. The power device (51) screws the drill rod (2) into the connection portion of the pre-pressure buffer device (4), and then installs the pneumatic impactor (7) at the lower end of the drill rod (2); The second step is to position the drill bit and the drill rod (2), align the impact drill bit (71) of the equipment with the set drilling point, and then adjust the angle of the frame (1) so that the drill rod (2) is pushed forward to drill the hole at the set angle; The third step is drilling. The equipment is started. The power device (51) drives the drill rod (2) to rotate, and the compressed air pipeline starts to introduce compressed air into the pre-pressure buffer device (4). The pre-pressure buffer device (4) provides elastic thrust for the rotating rod and drives the rotating rod to move downward. When the value sensed by the sensor (4111) reaches the set value, the control unit starts the pushing mechanism (31) to move downward by a set distance, thereby gradually pushing the drill rod (2) to work until the drilling is completed. The fourth step is to place explosives in the drill hole to carry out blasting.

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