Urban combined heat and power generation hydrogen synergistic system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy engineering, in particular to an urban combined heat and power generation hydrogen synergistic system which comprises a hydrogen preparation and optimization module, a combined heat and power generation and hydrogen synergistic combustion module, an intelligent control and management module, a hydrogen and heat energy storage module, a waste heat recycling module and a safety guarantee module. The hydrogen preparation and optimization module is used for preparing hydrogen through a water electrolysis device and methane reforming equipment, the combined heat and power generation and hydrogen collaborative combustion module is used for improving the combustion efficiency through mixed combustion of hydrogen and natural gas, and the intelligent control and management module is used for monitoring and optimizing system operation. The hydrogen and heat energy storage module stores and deploys energy through a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a heat energy storage tank, the waste heat recycling module uses waste heat for urban heating, and the safety guarantee module detects hydrogen leakage and cuts off hydrogen supply under the abnormal condition. According to the system, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, intelligent control and safety guarantee are realized, and the system is suitable for efficient, clean and safe management of an urban energy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy engineering, and in particular to a city cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the enhancement of environmental protection awareness, the way of energy production and utilization has gradually changed from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy. As an efficient way of energy utilization, urban cogeneration system can produce electricity and heat energy at the same time, and is widely used in urban heating and industrial heat. However, traditional cogeneration system mainly relies on the combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas and coal, resulting in high emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants, which is not conducive to environmental protection and sustainable development. In recent years, hydrogen, as a clean and efficient energy source, has gradually attracted widespread attention. Hydrogen combustion only produces water, without carbon dioxide emissions, and is considered to be one of the important energy sources to replace fossil fuels in the future.

[0003] Although hydrogen has broad application prospects in cogeneration systems, there are still some technical problems in the practical application of existing technologies. First, the energy consumption and hydrogen purity optimization problems in the hydrogen preparation process have not been effectively solved, resulting in high preparation costs and unstable hydrogen purity. Secondly, the efficiency and stability of the mixed combustion of hydrogen and natural gas are insufficient, and the design of existing gas turbines and hydrogen burners fails to fully utilize the high calorific value characteristics of hydrogen, resulting in low combustion efficiency. In addition, the waste heat recovery efficiency is not high, and the waste heat generated during the operation of the system is not fully recovered and utilized, resulting in energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above objectives, the present invention provides a city heat and power cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system.

[0005] The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system includes a hydrogen preparation and optimization module, a cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module, an intelligent control and management module, a hydrogen and thermal energy storage module, a waste heat recovery module and a safety assurance module, among which; The hydrogen preparation and optimization module includes a water electrolysis device and a methane reforming device. The water electrolysis device uses solar energy to produce hydrogen. The methane reforming device is used to prepare hydrogen from natural gas. Through a hydrogen purity optimization system based on machine learning, the hydrogen purity data is monitored in real time and the preparation parameters are automatically adjusted to ensure the optimization of hydrogen purity and output. The cogeneration and hydrogen synergistic combustion module includes a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a waste heat boiler and a hydrogen burner. The hydrogen burner mixes hydrogen and natural gas in a preset ratio to improve the combustion efficiency and power generation efficiency of the gas turbine. The waste heat boiler recovers the waste heat generated by the combustion of the gas turbine and hydrogen to drive the steam turbine for power generation and heat supply. The intelligent control and management module includes a sensor network, a data processing unit and a controller. The sensor network monitors the operating parameter data of the hydrogen preparation and optimization module and the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module in real time, including temperature, pressure, voltage, current, water level, flow rate and gas composition. The data processing unit analyzes the monitoring data using an intelligent algorithm to generate an optimized control strategy. The controller adjusts the operating status of each module according to the optimized control strategy. The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module includes a hydrogen storage tank and a thermal energy storage tank. The hydrogen storage tank is used to store the prepared hydrogen under high pressure, and the thermal energy storage tank is used to store the thermal energy recovered by the waste heat boiler. The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module dynamically allocates hydrogen and thermal energy according to the real-time energy consumption demand through a preset intelligent scheduling system to achieve efficient use of energy; The waste heat recovery module includes a waste heat recovery device, which recovers and utilizes the generated waste heat for urban heating and industrial heat; The safety guarantee module includes a gas leakage detector and an emergency cut-off device. The gas leakage detector detects hydrogen leakage in real time, and the emergency cut-off device automatically cuts off the hydrogen supply when an abnormality is detected.

[0006] Optionally, the hydrogen preparation and optimization module specifically includes: Water electrolysis device: including solar panels and electrolyzers. The solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide power for the water electrolysis device. The electrolyzers are used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen. Methane reforming equipment: uses desulfurizer adsorption technology to remove impurities in natural gas, uses boilers to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, mixes steam with natural gas in proportion, and the mixed natural gas and steam enter the methane reforming equipment. Through nickel-based catalysts, methane and steam react to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Through the water-gas shift reaction, carbon monoxide reacts with steam to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Through cooling, pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation technology, high-purity hydrogen is separated; Hydrogen purity optimization system: Based on the random forest algorithm, it monitors hydrogen purity data in real time and automatically adjusts preparation parameters.

[0007] Optionally, the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module specifically includes: Gas turbine: It generates electricity by burning a mixture of hydrogen and natural gas to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which drives the gas turbine blades to rotate; Steam turbine: Use the steam generated by the waste heat boiler to generate electricity. The steam parameters are pressure 2-4 MPa and temperature 400-500℃; Waste heat boiler: used to recover waste heat generated by gas turbines and hydrogen burners. The heat energy is transferred to water through the heat exchange pipes of the waste heat boiler to generate high-pressure steam. The steam is used to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity and heat. Hydrogen burner: Mix hydrogen and natural gas in a preset ratio and burn them, using low-nitrogen combustion technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. The combustion temperature of the mixed gas is 1300-1500℃.

[0008] Optionally, the intelligent control and management module specifically includes: Sensor network: Sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, flow sensors and gas composition analyzers. The sensors are distributed on water electrolysis devices, methane reforming equipment, gas turbines, hydrogen burners, waste heat boilers and steam turbines. The data processing unit pre-processes the operating parameter data collected by the sensor network, including data cleaning and data standardization, and uses the support vector machine algorithm to analyze the processed data to generate an optimization control strategy, including: Feature extraction: Extract features that affect hydrogen purity and system operation status from the preprocessed operating parameter data, including the current, voltage, temperature and pressure of the water electrolysis device, the reaction temperature, pressure and gas composition of the methane reforming equipment, the temperature, pressure and flow of the gas turbine, and the temperature and gas composition of the hydrogen burner; Training the support vector machine model: Use historical operating parameter data and real-time operating parameter data to train the support vector machine model. Divide the historical operating parameter data into a training set and a test set for model training and verification. Use the training data to train the support vector machine model. Use test data to verify the performance of the model and adjust model parameters to improve prediction accuracy; Real-time monitoring and prediction: The real-time collected data is input into the trained support vector machine model to predict the hydrogen purity. The model's prediction results will be compared with the actual measured values ​​to evaluate the accuracy of the model; Generate optimal control strategy: Generate optimal control strategy based on the prediction results of the support vector machine model and the analysis of the data processing unit; Controller adjustment: The controller receives the optimization control strategy generated by the data processing unit and adjusts the operating status of the hydrogen preparation and optimization module and the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module in real time.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogen and thermal energy storage module specifically includes: Hydrogen storage tank: used for high-pressure storage of prepared hydrogen, with a storage pressure of 35-70 MPa. The storage tank is made of alloy steel or composite material to ensure storage safety; Thermal energy storage tank: uses phase change materials or high-efficiency thermal storage materials to store the heat energy recovered by the waste heat boiler. The thermal storage capacity is 100-500 kWh, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 50-100℃.

[0010] Optionally, the hydrogen and thermal energy storage module dynamically allocates hydrogen and thermal energy according to real-time energy consumption requirements through a preset intelligent scheduling system to achieve efficient use of energy, specifically including: Data collection: Install sensors on hydrogen storage tanks and thermal energy storage tanks, including pressure sensors, temperature sensors and flow sensors, to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the tanks, the temperature and flow data of the thermal energy storage medium in real time, and collect historical data on hydrogen and thermal energy demand, including hourly hydrogen demand, daily hydrogen demand, hourly thermal energy demand and daily thermal energy demand; Data preprocessing: Clean, filter and format the collected data to remove noise and outliers to ensure data accuracy and consistency; Model prediction: The autoregressive integrated moving average model is used to predict the future demand for hydrogen and thermal energy; Fuzzy logic control algorithm: Through the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the future hydrogen and thermal energy demand predicted by the model is used as input variables to generate control variables; Dynamic dispatch and execution: Based on the control quantity generated by the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the intelligent dispatch system formulates the dispatch strategy; The deployment strategy is executed through the preset regulator to adjust the operating parameters in real time.

[0011] Optionally, the waste heat recovery device includes a heat exchanger, a thermal energy storage device, a heat pump system and a hot water pipe system, wherein; The heat exchanger transfers the heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine, hydrogen burner and other equipment to water or other heat transfer medium. The heat exchanger is designed to maximize the recovery efficiency of heat energy; The thermal energy storage device is used to store the thermal energy transferred through the heat exchanger so as to be dispatched and used according to demand; The heat pump system is used to raise the low-temperature waste heat to a higher temperature when the temperature of the waste heat is not high enough to be used directly for heating or industrial heat, thereby ensuring the effective use of thermal energy; Hot water pipe system: Heat energy is transported to the city heating network or industrial heating equipment through the hot water pipe system. The hot water pipe system is designed with good insulation measures to reduce heat energy loss.

[0012] Optionally, the security assurance module specifically includes: Gas leak detector: includes hydrogen sensor and control unit. Hydrogen sensor is installed in key locations where leakage may occur, such as hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen burner, transmission pipeline, etc., to detect hydrogen concentration. When abnormal concentration is detected, data is transmitted to control unit. Control unit is used to process sensor data to determine whether there is leakage. If hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, a cut-off signal is sent. Emergency shut-off device: includes a shut-off valve and a micro-control unit. The micro-control unit receives a shut-off signal, triggers the shut-off valve to shut off the hydrogen supply and prevent further leakage of hydrogen.

[0013] Optionally, the intelligent control and management module further includes: Remote monitoring: Through the Internet connection, the operating status and parameters of the hydrogen efficiency enhancement system can be remotely monitored, providing real-time data and analysis results. Users can manage the system through the remote control platform; Remote control: Users can adjust operating parameters and control strategies through the remote control platform to achieve remote management and optimization of the system.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention realizes efficient utilization and optimized management of energy by integrating multiple modules. The hydrogen preparation and optimization module utilizes a water electrolysis device and a methane reforming device, and through a hydrogen purity optimization system based on machine learning, monitors hydrogen purity data in real time and automatically adjusts preparation parameters to ensure high purity and high yield of hydrogen. The cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module improves the combustion efficiency and power generation efficiency of the gas turbine through the mixed combustion of hydrogen and natural gas. The waste heat boiler recovers the waste heat generated by the gas turbine and hydrogen combustion to drive the steam turbine for power generation and heating, further improving energy utilization. The waste heat recovery and utilization module recovers and utilizes the waste heat generated for urban heating and industrial heat, reducing energy waste and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0015] The present invention, the intelligent control and management module, realizes real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment of each module through a sensor network, a data processing unit and a controller. The sensor network monitors the operating parameters of each module in real time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data. The data processing unit uses an intelligent algorithm to analyze the monitoring data and generate an optimized control strategy to ensure that the system operates in the best state. The controller adjusts the operating state of each module in real time according to the optimized control strategy, dynamically adjusts the release rate of hydrogen and heat energy, optimizes energy utilization efficiency, and ensures stable and efficient operation of the system.

[0016] The present invention can monitor hydrogen leakage in real time and automatically cut off the hydrogen supply when an abnormal situation is detected, ensuring the safe operation of the system. The hydrogen sensor can detect hydrogen leakage in real time, ensuring that the leakage is discovered at an early stage and timely measures are taken. When the emergency shut-off device detects a hydrogen leak, it automatically triggers the shut-off valve to shut off the hydrogen supply, preventing the leakage from expanding and potential dangers, and improving the overall safety and reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system flow of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the intelligent control and management module flow in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiments", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0021] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system includes a hydrogen preparation and optimization module, a cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module, an intelligent control and management module, a hydrogen and thermal energy storage module, a waste heat recovery module and a safety assurance module, among which; The hydrogen preparation and optimization module includes a water electrolysis device and a methane reforming device. The water electrolysis device uses solar energy to produce hydrogen, and the methane reforming device is used to prepare hydrogen from natural gas. Through the hydrogen purity optimization system based on machine learning, the hydrogen purity data is monitored in real time and the preparation parameters are automatically adjusted to ensure the optimization of hydrogen purity and output; The cogeneration and hydrogen synergistic combustion module includes a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a waste heat boiler and a hydrogen burner. The hydrogen burner mixes hydrogen and natural gas in a preset ratio to improve the combustion efficiency and power generation efficiency of the gas turbine. The waste heat boiler recovers the waste heat generated by the combustion of the gas turbine and hydrogen to drive the steam turbine for power generation and heat supply. The intelligent control and management module includes a sensor network, a data processing unit and a controller. The sensor network monitors the operating parameter data of the hydrogen preparation and optimization module and the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module in real time, including temperature, pressure, voltage, current, water level, flow rate and gas composition. The data processing unit uses an intelligent algorithm to analyze the monitoring data and generate an optimized control strategy. The controller adjusts the operating status of each module according to the optimized control strategy. The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module includes a hydrogen storage tank and a thermal energy storage tank. The hydrogen storage tank is used to store the prepared hydrogen under high pressure, and the thermal energy storage tank is used to store the heat energy recovered by the waste heat boiler. The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module dynamically allocates hydrogen and thermal energy according to the real-time energy consumption demand through a preset intelligent scheduling system to achieve efficient use of energy. The waste heat recovery module includes a waste heat recovery device, which recovers and utilizes the generated waste heat for urban heating and industrial heat; The safety assurance module includes a gas leak detector and an emergency cut-off device. The gas leak detector detects hydrogen leakage in real time, and the emergency cut-off device automatically cuts off the hydrogen supply when an abnormal situation is detected.

[0023] The hydrogen preparation and optimization module specifically includes: Water electrolysis device: including solar panels and electrolyzers. The solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide power for the water electrolysis device. The electrolyzers are used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen. Methane reforming equipment: uses desulfurizer adsorption technology to remove impurities in natural gas, uses boilers to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, mixes steam with natural gas in proportion, and the mixed natural gas and steam enter the methane reforming equipment. At a high temperature of 800°C to 1000°C, methane and steam react to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen through a nickel-based catalyst. Through the water-gas shift reaction, carbon monoxide reacts with steam to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen. High-purity hydrogen is separated through cooling, pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation technology; Hydrogen purity optimization system: Based on the random forest algorithm, it monitors hydrogen purity data in real time and automatically adjusts preparation parameters. The specific process includes: Data collection: Real-time collection of preparation parameter data, including hydrogen purity, temperature, current and pressure, through a sensor network; Feature extraction: Extract key features from the collected data, including temperature changes, current fluctuations, and pressure changes; Model training: Use historical data sets to train the random forest model. The training formula is: ; in, is the predicted value, is the number of trees, For the The prediction results of each tree; Real-time prediction: Input real-time data into the trained random forest model to predict the impact of current preparation parameters on hydrogen purity; Parameter adjustment: According to the prediction results, the voltage and current of the electrolyzer and the reaction temperature and pressure of the methane reforming equipment are automatically adjusted.

[0024] The cogeneration and hydrogen combustion module specifically includes: Gas turbine: It generates electricity by burning a mixture of hydrogen and natural gas to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which drives the gas turbine blades to rotate. The mixture ratio of hydrogen to natural gas is 10-30% hydrogen and 70-90% natural gas. By mixing and burning hydrogen and natural gas, the combustion efficiency and power generation efficiency are improved. The high temperature generated by the combustion of hydrogen can make the gas turbine run at a higher temperature, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the overall system. Steam turbine: Use the steam generated by the waste heat boiler to generate electricity. The steam parameters are pressure 2-4 MPa and temperature 400-500℃; The high combustion value and clean characteristics of hydrogen significantly improve the efficiency of gas turbines and reduce greenhouse gas emissions; Waste heat boiler: used to recover waste heat generated by gas turbines and hydrogen burners. The heat energy is transferred to water through the heat exchange pipes of the waste heat boiler to generate high-pressure steam. The steam is used to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity and heat. Through efficient waste heat recovery, energy utilization efficiency is significantly improved and energy waste is reduced; Hydrogen burner: Mix hydrogen and natural gas in a preset ratio and burn them. Low-nitrogen combustion technology is used to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. The combustion temperature of the mixed gas is 1300-1500℃. The high combustion value and clean characteristics of hydrogen significantly improve the efficiency of gas turbines and reduce greenhouse gas emissions; The cogeneration and hydrogen synergistic combustion module has significant advantages in improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing environmental pollution, and can provide cities with efficient and clean energy solutions.

[0025] The intelligent control and management module specifically includes: Sensor network: Sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, flow sensors and gas composition analyzers. Sensors are distributed on water electrolysis devices, methane reforming equipment, gas turbines, hydrogen burners, waste heat boilers and steam turbines, including: Water electrolysis device: The temperature sensor is installed in the electrolytic cell to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte during the electrolysis process to ensure that the temperature is within the optimal range. The pressure sensor is installed at the gas outlet of the electrolytic cell to monitor the pressure of the generated hydrogen and oxygen to prevent damage to the equipment due to excessive pressure. The flow sensor is installed in the water input pipeline and the hydrogen output pipeline to monitor the flow of electrolyzed water and hydrogen to ensure the stability of the electrolysis process. The current sensor is installed at the power input end of the electrolytic cell to monitor the change of the current during the electrolysis process to ensure that the current is within the safe range. The voltage sensor is installed at the power input end of the electrolytic cell to monitor the electrolysis voltage to ensure voltage stability. Methane reforming equipment: The temperature sensor is installed in the reactor to monitor the temperature of the reforming reaction and ensure that the reaction is carried out within the optimal temperature range. The pressure sensor is installed at the reactor outlet to monitor the pressure of the gas produced by the reaction to prevent damage to the equipment caused by excessive pressure. The flow sensor is installed on the natural gas and steam input pipelines to monitor the feed flow rate and ensure the accurate ratio of the reactants. The gas composition analyzer is installed at the reactor outlet to analyze the composition of the gas produced by the reaction and monitor the hydrogen purity and carbon monoxide content. Gas turbine: Temperature sensors are installed in the combustion chamber and turbine inlet to monitor the combustion temperature and turbine inlet temperature to prevent excessive temperature from damaging the equipment. Pressure sensors are installed in the combustion chamber and turbine inlet to monitor the combustion pressure and turbine inlet pressure to ensure the stability of the combustion process. Flow sensors are installed in the fuel input pipeline to monitor the fuel flow rate to ensure the efficiency of the combustion process. Gas composition analyzers are installed at the exhaust gas outlet to analyze the composition of the exhaust gas after combustion and monitor pollutant emissions. Hydrogen burner: The temperature sensor is installed in the combustion chamber to monitor the temperature of the mixed combustion of hydrogen and natural gas to ensure combustion efficiency. The pressure sensor is installed in the combustion chamber to monitor the combustion pressure to ensure safe combustion. The flow sensor is installed in the hydrogen and natural gas input pipelines to monitor the fuel mixing ratio to ensure the best combustion effect. The gas composition analyzer is installed at the combustion outlet to monitor the composition of the combustion generated gas to ensure complete combustion and reduce pollutant emissions. Waste heat boiler: temperature sensors are installed at the inlet and outlet of the boiler to monitor the temperature of the gas entering and exiting the boiler to ensure the efficiency of waste heat recovery. Pressure sensors are installed inside the boiler to monitor the steam pressure inside the boiler to prevent equipment damage caused by excessive pressure. Flow sensors are installed in the steam output pipeline to monitor the steam flow to ensure stable steam supply. Water level sensors are installed in the boiler water tank to monitor the water level to prevent dry burning or overflow. Steam turbine: Temperature sensors are installed at the steam inlet and outlet to monitor the steam temperature entering and exiting the steam turbine to ensure power generation efficiency. Pressure sensors are installed at the steam inlet and outlet to monitor the steam pressure to ensure safe operation of the steam turbine. Flow sensors are installed in the steam input pipeline to monitor the steam flow to ensure adequate steam supply. The data processing unit pre-processes the operating parameter data collected by the sensor network, including data cleaning and data standardization, and uses the support vector machine algorithm to analyze the processed data to generate an optimization control strategy, including: Feature extraction: Extract features that affect hydrogen purity and system operation status from the preprocessed operating parameter data, including the current, voltage, temperature and pressure of the water electrolysis device, the reaction temperature, pressure and gas composition of the methane reforming equipment, the temperature, pressure and flow of the gas turbine, and the temperature and gas composition of the hydrogen burner; Training support vector machine model: Use historical operating parameter data and real-time operating parameter data to train the support vector machine model. The goal of the support vector machine regression model is to find a function To predict the purity of hydrogen, the historical operating parameter data is divided into a training set and a test set for model training and verification. The training data is used to train the support vector machine model. The goal is to find a function , so that the loss function is minimized, expressed as: ; in, is the penalty parameter, is the loss function, commonly used The -insensitive loss function is defined as follows: ; Use test data to verify the performance of the model and adjust model parameters to improve prediction accuracy; Real-time monitoring and prediction: The real-time collected data is input into the trained support vector machine model to predict the hydrogen purity. The model's prediction results will be compared with the actual measured values ​​to evaluate the accuracy of the model; Generate an optimized control strategy: Based on the prediction results of the support vector machine model and the analysis of the data processing unit, generate an optimized control strategy. The specific steps are as follows: Analyze results: Analyze the hydrogen purity predicted by the model and the operating parameters of the module to identify the key factors affecting system efficiency; Optimization strategy generation: Based on the analysis results, the optimization control strategy is generated, including adjusting the current and voltage of the water electrolysis device, the reaction temperature and feed flow rate of the methane reforming equipment, etc.; Controller adjustment: The controller receives the optimization control strategy generated by the data processing unit and adjusts the operating status of the hydrogen preparation and optimization module and the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module in real time, including: Water electrolysis device: adjust current and voltage to control electrolysis speed and hydrogen production; Methane reforming equipment: adjust reaction temperature and feed flow to optimize hydrogen production and purity; Gas turbine: adjust combustion parameters according to the mixing ratio of hydrogen and natural gas to improve combustion efficiency; Hydrogen burner: dynamically adjust the mixing ratio of hydrogen and natural gas to ensure the best combustion effect; The intelligent control and management module can efficiently and accurately monitor and optimize the operation of the urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system to ensure the efficiency, safety and stability of the system.

[0026] The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module specifically includes: Hydrogen storage tank: used for high-pressure storage of prepared hydrogen, with a storage pressure of 35-70 MPa. The storage tank is made of alloy steel or composite material to ensure storage safety; Thermal energy storage tank: uses phase change materials or high-efficiency thermal storage materials to store the heat energy recovered by the waste heat boiler. The thermal storage capacity is 100-500 kWh, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 50-100℃.

[0027] The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module dynamically allocates hydrogen and thermal energy according to real-time energy consumption demand through a preset intelligent scheduling system to achieve efficient energy utilization, including: Data collection: Install sensors on hydrogen storage tanks and thermal energy storage tanks, including pressure sensors, temperature sensors and flow sensors, to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the tanks, the temperature and flow data of the thermal energy storage medium in real time, and collect historical data on hydrogen and thermal energy demand, including hourly hydrogen demand, daily hydrogen demand, hourly thermal energy demand and daily thermal energy demand; Data preprocessing: Clean, filter and format the collected data to remove noise and outliers to ensure data accuracy and consistency; Model prediction: The autoregressive integrated moving average model is used to predict the future demand for hydrogen and thermal energy, including: Model training: Use historical data to train the model and estimate the parameters of the autoregressive integrated moving average model by the least squares method; Model verification: The Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion were used to evaluate the fitting effect of the model. The calculation formula is as follows: Akaike Information Criterion in, is the number of model parameters, is the maximum likelihood function value; Bayesian Information Criterion in, is the sample size; Fuzzy logic control algorithm: Through the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the future hydrogen and thermal energy demand predicted by the model is used as input variables to generate control variables. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Fuzzification: Fuzzify the prediction results; For example, hydrogen demand can be divided into "low", "medium" and "high"; hydrogen storage tank pressure can be divided into "low pressure", "medium pressure" and "high pressure"; (2) Fuzzy rule base: Fuzzy rules are formulated based on experience and actual needs to guide the allocation of hydrogen and thermal energy, for example: If the hydrogen demand is "high" and the hydrogen tank pressure is "medium", the hydrogen release rate should be "high"; If the heat demand is "low" and the thermal storage tank temperature is "high", the heat release rate should be "low"; (3) Fuzzy reasoning: Use fuzzy reasoning methods (such as Mamdani reasoning method) to reason about input variables according to fuzzy rules and generate fuzzy outputs; Defuzzification: converting fuzzy output into specific control quantities, i.e., the release rate of hydrogen and heat energy; Dynamic dispatch and execution: Based on the control quantity generated by the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the intelligent dispatch system formulates a dispatch strategy, including: Adjust hydrogen release rate: According to the real-time monitored hydrogen demand and hydrogen storage tank pressure, the hydrogen release rate is adjusted by controlling the valve to ensure the balance between supply and demand; Adjust the heat release rate: According to the real-time monitored heat demand and the temperature of the heat storage tank, the heat release rate is adjusted by controlling the valves and heat exchangers to ensure stable heat supply; Execute the deployment strategy through the preset regulator and adjust the operating parameters in real time; The intelligent scheduling system can effectively predict future hydrogen and thermal energy demand, and combine fuzzy logic control algorithms to generate optimized control strategies to achieve efficient use of hydrogen and thermal energy.

[0028] The waste heat recovery device includes a heat exchanger, a thermal energy storage device, a heat pump system and a hot water pipe system, wherein; The heat exchanger transfers the heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by gas turbines, hydrogen burners and other equipment to water or other heat transfer media. The heat exchanger is designed to maximize the efficiency of heat energy recovery; Thermal energy storage devices are used to store the thermal energy transferred through the heat exchanger so that it can be dispatched and used according to demand; The heat pump system is used when the temperature of waste heat is not high enough to be used directly for heating or industrial heat. The heat pump system raises the low-temperature waste heat to a higher temperature to ensure the effective use of heat energy. Hot water pipe system: Heat energy is transported to the city heating network or industrial heating equipment through the hot water pipe system. The hot water pipe system is designed with good insulation measures to reduce heat energy loss.

[0029] The security module specifically includes: Gas leak detector: includes hydrogen sensor and control unit. Hydrogen sensor is installed in key locations where leakage may occur, such as hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen burner, transmission pipeline, etc., to detect hydrogen concentration. When abnormal concentration is detected, data is transmitted to control unit. Control unit is used to process sensor data to determine whether there is leakage. If hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, a cut-off signal is sent. Emergency shut-off device: includes a shut-off valve and a micro-control unit. The micro-control unit receives a shut-off signal, triggers the shut-off valve to shut off the hydrogen supply and prevent further leakage of hydrogen.

[0030] The intelligent control and management module further includes: Remote monitoring: Through the Internet connection, the operating status and parameters of the hydrogen efficiency enhancement system can be remotely monitored, providing real-time data and analysis results. Users can manage the system through the remote control platform; Remote control: Users can adjust operating parameters and control strategies through the remote control platform to achieve remote management and optimization of the system.

[0031] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system, characterized in that: It includes hydrogen preparation and optimization module, cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module, intelligent control and management module, hydrogen and thermal energy storage module, waste heat recovery module and safety assurance module, among which; The hydrogen preparation and optimization module includes a water electrolysis device and a methane reforming device. The water electrolysis device uses solar energy to produce hydrogen. The methane reforming device is used to prepare hydrogen from natural gas. Through a hydrogen purity optimization system based on machine learning, the hydrogen purity data is monitored in real time and the preparation parameters are automatically adjusted. The cogeneration and hydrogen synergistic combustion module includes a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a waste heat boiler and a hydrogen burner. The hydrogen burner mixes hydrogen and natural gas in a preset ratio to improve the combustion efficiency and power generation efficiency of the gas turbine. The waste heat boiler recovers the waste heat generated by the combustion of the gas turbine and hydrogen to drive the steam turbine for power generation and heat supply. The intelligent control and management module includes a sensor network, a data processing unit and a controller. The sensor network monitors the operating parameter data of the hydrogen preparation and optimization module and the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module in real time, including temperature, pressure, voltage, current, water level, flow rate and gas composition. The data processing unit analyzes the monitoring data using an intelligent algorithm to generate an optimized control strategy. The controller adjusts the operating status of each module according to the optimized control strategy. The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module includes a hydrogen storage tank and a thermal energy storage tank. The hydrogen storage tank is used to store the prepared hydrogen under high pressure, and the thermal energy storage tank is used to store the thermal energy recovered by the waste heat boiler. The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module dynamically allocates hydrogen and thermal energy according to the real-time energy consumption demand through a preset intelligent scheduling system to achieve efficient use of energy; The waste heat recovery module includes a waste heat recovery device, which recovers and utilizes the generated waste heat for urban heating and industrial heat; The safety guarantee module includes a gas leakage detector and an emergency cut-off device. The gas leakage detector detects hydrogen leakage in real time, and the emergency cut-off device automatically cuts off the hydrogen supply when an abnormality is detected.

2. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen preparation and optimization module specifically includes: Water electrolysis device: including solar panels and electrolyzers. The solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide power for the water electrolysis device. The electrolyzers are used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen. Methane reforming equipment: uses desulfurizer adsorption technology to remove impurities in natural gas, uses boilers to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, mixes steam with natural gas in proportion, and the mixed natural gas and steam enter the methane reforming equipment. Through nickel-based catalysts, methane and steam react to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Through the water-gas shift reaction, carbon monoxide reacts with steam to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Through cooling, pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation technology, high-purity hydrogen is separated; Hydrogen purity optimization system: Based on the random forest algorithm, it monitors hydrogen purity data in real time and automatically adjusts preparation parameters.

3. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module specifically includes: Gas turbine: It generates electricity by burning a mixture of hydrogen and natural gas to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which drives the gas turbine blades to rotate; Steam turbine: uses steam generated by waste heat boiler to generate electricity; Waste heat boiler: used to recover waste heat generated by gas turbines and hydrogen burners. The heat energy is transferred to water through the heat exchange pipes of the waste heat boiler to generate high-pressure steam. The steam is used to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity and heat. Hydrogen burner: Mixes hydrogen and natural gas in a preset ratio and burns them, using low-nitrogen combustion technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.

4. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The intelligent control and management module specifically includes: Sensor network: Sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, flow sensors and gas composition analyzers. The sensors are distributed on water electrolysis devices, methane reforming equipment, gas turbines, hydrogen burners, waste heat boilers and steam turbines. The data processing unit pre-processes the operating parameter data collected by the sensor network, including data cleaning and data standardization, and uses the support vector machine algorithm to analyze the processed data to generate an optimization control strategy, including: Feature extraction: Extract features that affect hydrogen purity and system operation status from the preprocessed operating parameter data, including the current, voltage, temperature and pressure of the water electrolysis device, the reaction temperature, pressure and gas composition of the methane reforming equipment, the temperature, pressure and flow of the gas turbine, and the temperature and gas composition of the hydrogen burner; Training support vector machine model: Use historical operating parameter data and real-time operating parameter data to train the support vector machine model. Divide the historical operating parameter data into a training set and a test set for model training and verification. Use the training data to train the support vector machine model, use the test data to verify the performance of the model, and adjust the model parameters to improve the prediction accuracy. Real-time monitoring and prediction: The real-time collected data is input into the trained support vector machine model to predict the hydrogen purity. The model's prediction results will be compared with the actual measured values ​​to evaluate the accuracy of the model; Generate optimal control strategy: Generate optimal control strategy based on the prediction results of the support vector machine model and the analysis of the data processing unit; Controller adjustment: The controller receives the optimization control strategy generated by the data processing unit and adjusts the operating status of the hydrogen preparation and optimization module and the cogeneration and hydrogen coordinated combustion module in real time.

5. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module specifically includes: Hydrogen storage tank: used for high-pressure storage of prepared hydrogen, the storage tank material is alloy steel or composite material; Thermal energy storage tank: uses phase change materials or high-efficiency thermal storage materials to store the heat energy recovered by the waste heat boiler.

6. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrogen and thermal energy storage module dynamically allocates hydrogen and thermal energy according to real-time energy consumption requirements through a preset intelligent scheduling system to achieve efficient use of energy, specifically including: Data collection: Install sensors on hydrogen storage tanks and thermal energy storage tanks, including pressure sensors, temperature sensors and flow sensors, to monitor the hydrogen pressure in the tanks, the temperature and flow data of the thermal energy storage medium in real time, and collect historical data on hydrogen and thermal energy demand, including hourly hydrogen demand, daily hydrogen demand, hourly thermal energy demand and daily thermal energy demand; Data preprocessing: Clean, filter and format the collected data to remove noise and outliers; Model prediction: The autoregressive integrated moving average model is used to predict the future demand for hydrogen and thermal energy; Fuzzy logic control algorithm: Through the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the future hydrogen and thermal energy demand predicted by the model is used as input variables to generate control variables; Dynamic deployment and execution: Based on the control quantity generated by the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the intelligent scheduling system formulates a deployment strategy, executes the deployment strategy through the preset regulator, and adjusts the operating parameters in real time.

7. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery device includes a heat exchanger, a thermal energy storage device, a heat pump system and a hot water pipeline system, wherein; The heat exchanger transfers the heat from the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine, hydrogen burner and other equipment to water or other heat transfer medium; The thermal energy storage device is used to store the thermal energy transferred through the heat exchanger so as to be dispatched and used according to demand; The heat pump system is used to raise the low-temperature waste heat to a higher temperature when the temperature of the waste heat is not high enough to be used directly for heating or industrial heat; Hot water pipe system: The heat energy is transported to the city heating network or industrial heating equipment through the hot water pipe system.

8. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The security assurance module specifically includes: Gas leak detector: includes a hydrogen sensor and a control unit. The hydrogen sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration. When an abnormal concentration is detected, the data is transmitted to the control unit. The control unit is used to process the sensor data to determine whether there is a leak. If the hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, a cut-off signal is sent; Emergency shut-off device: includes a shut-off valve and a micro-control unit. The micro-control unit receives a shut-off signal, triggers the shut-off valve to shut off the hydrogen supply and prevent further leakage of hydrogen.

9. The urban cogeneration hydrogen efficiency enhancement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent control and management module further includes: Remote monitoring: Remotely monitor the operating status and parameters of the hydrogen enhancement system through Internet connection, and provide real-time data and analysis results; Remote control: Users can adjust operating parameters and control strategies through the remote control platform to achieve remote management and optimization of the system.

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