Soil runoff leaching device capable of simulating rainfall

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil runoff leaching device capable of simulating rainfall. The soil runoff leaching device comprises a plate trailer, a water supply unit, a rainfall unit, a soil box unit and a collection unit, the water supply unit comprises a water storage barrel, a mechanical pump and a pressure valve and is used for providing a water source. The rainfall unit is composed of a lifting rod, a rainfall plate and a rainfall sprayer and simulates the rainfall process. The soil box unit comprises a soil block filling box, a space bearing layer, a gradient adjusting plate, a leaching sampling bolt, a bottom plate and a telescopic rod and is used for bearing soil and adjusting the gradient. A soil block body, a quartz sand body and a filter screen are placed in the soil block filling box. The collection unit comprises a runoff sampling port, a profile sampling port, a first rain gauge and a second rain gauge and is used for collecting and analyzing soil runoff and a leaching water sample; through the cooperation of the water supply unit and the rainfall unit, the intensity, duration and distribution of rainfall can be accurately controlled, so that the natural rainfall process is simulated, and the research on the laws of soil runoff and leaching under different rainfall conditions is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a soil runoff leaching device, in particular to a soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall. Background Art

[0002] In soil science research, understanding the migration of water and solutes in soil is of great significance for guiding agricultural production, preventing and controlling soil pollution, and predicting the impact of global climate change on soil. However, traditional field observation methods are limited by various factors such as weather and topography, and it is difficult to accurately control experimental conditions. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an experimental device that can simulate natural rainfall processes and study the laws of soil runoff leaching.

[0003] Although there are some soil leaching experimental devices in the prior art, they often have problems such as complex structure, inconvenient operation or insufficient simulation accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a soil runoff leaching device that simulates rainfall to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a soil runoff leaching device simulating rainfall, comprising: a cart, a water supply unit, a precipitation unit, a soil box unit, and a collection unit; the water supply unit comprises a water storage barrel, a mechanical pump and a pressure valve, and the precipitation unit comprises a lifting rod, a rainfall plate and a rainfall nozzle; the mechanical pump extracts water in the water storage barrel and sprinkles it onto the soil box unit through the rainfall nozzle; the soil box unit comprises a soil block filling box, an air-bearing layer, a slope adjustment plate, a leaching sampling plug, a bottom plate and a telescopic rod connected in sequence; the soil block filling box is sequentially placed from top to bottom A soil block body, a quartz sand body, and a filter are arranged, one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the cart, and the other end is hinged to one end of the bottom plate, and the other end of the bottom plate is hinged to the cart; the collection unit includes a runoff sampling port, a profile sampling port, a first rain gauge and a second rain gauge; the runoff sampling port is used to collect the water flowing on the surface of the soil block body, and the profile sampling port is used to collect the water flowing in the soil block on the side of the soil block body; a V-shaped groove for imitating a ditch is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the soil block filling box, and one end of the V-shaped groove is connected to the runoff sampling port.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support column is welded to the bottom of the air-insulated load-bearing layer, and the air-insulated load-bearing layer is connected to a welding layer through the support column. The welding layer can be embedded in the slope adjustment plate, and a first leakage hole and a second leakage hole connected to the leaching sampling plug are opened on the air-insulated load-bearing layer.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the leaching sampling plug includes a first leaching sampling port and a second leaching sampling port; the first leaching sampling port is connected to the first leakage hole, and the second leaching sampling port is connected to the second leakage hole.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first quartz sand layer, a first filter layer, a first screen layer and a first sample liquid collection cover are sequentially arranged inside the runoff sampling port; the first quartz sand layer is close to the soil block filling box, the first filter layer is far away from the soil block filling box, and the first sample liquid collection cover is threadedly connected to the runoff sampling port.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second quartz sand layer, a second filter layer, a second screen layer and a second sample liquid collecting cover are sequentially arranged inside the profile sampling port; the second quartz sand layer is close to the soil block filling box, the second filter layer is far away from the soil block filling box, the second sample liquid collecting cover is threadedly connected to the profile sampling port, and the profile sampling port extends to the interior of the soil block body.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a leak plate is further provided in the soil block filling box, the leak plate is located at the bottom of the filter screen, and the leak plate abuts against the top of the air-insulated load-bearing layer.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, through holes are equidistantly formed on one side of the soil block filling box, the through holes are connected to the runoff sampling port, and the upper surface of the soil block body and the centers of the through holes and the runoff sampling port are on the same horizontal line.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the V-shaped groove is 2 to 3 cm; the height difference between the two sides of the V-shaped groove is 5 to 10 mm; and the higher side of the V-shaped groove is connected to the soil block body.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angles of the two sides of the spaced load-bearing layer toward the middle are 3 to 6 degrees; and the distance between the spaced load-bearing layer and the welding layer is 5 to 8 cm.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first rain gauge is connected to the runoff sampling port to store the amount of water flowing on the surface of the soil block body; the second rain gauge is connected to the profile sampling port to store the amount of water flowing in the soil block laterally inside the soil block body.

[0016] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The present invention can accurately control the intensity, duration and distribution of rainfall by coordinating the water supply unit with the precipitation unit, thereby simulating the natural rainfall process, which is helpful to study the laws of soil runoff and leaching under different rainfall conditions.

[0018] (2) The present invention can simulate terrains with different slopes through the slope adjustment plate. At the same time, the telescopic rod can also adjust the relative position of the soil box unit and the cart, thereby changing the angle between the soil box unit and the cart, so as to adapt to different experimental requirements, thereby making the device applicable to a variety of soil types and experimental scenarios.

[0019] (3) The present invention collects the amount of water flowing on the surface of the soil block and the amount of water infiltrating into the soil block through the runoff sampling port and the profile sampling port, respectively, and ensures the cleanliness of the sample by using its internal filtering structure. The V-shaped groove can simulate the ditch or farm canal scene, which helps to guide the runoff and improve the collection efficiency. At the same time, the profile sampling port extends to 3 to 5 cm inside the soil block body, which is used to explore the lateral flow of water in the soil, etc., so as to more accurately reflect the leaching conditions inside the soil.

[0020] (4) The present invention realizes convenient collection of leaching samples by connecting the air-bearing layer with the leaching sampling plug. In addition, the support column and the welding layer ensure the stability of the air-bearing layer. In addition, the leak plate is located at the bottom of the filter screen and abuts against the top of the air-bearing layer, ensuring that the filtered water can flow smoothly to the leaching sampling plug, avoiding the loss of samples.

[0021] (5) The present invention makes the bottom plate slightly angled, similar to a concave shape, in order to more centrally collect the leached water flow in the soil and direct it more centrally to the leaching sampling port without accumulating water at the bottom of the soil block, such as in the four corners.

[0022] (6) The present invention connects the through hole on one side of the soil block filling box with the runoff sampling port, so that the runoff sampling port can filter the water sample before collecting it, which reduces the burden on the subsequent sample processing steps and optimizes the runoff collection effect. At the same time, the V-shaped groove with a height difference and the inclination angle of the air-separated load-bearing layer further improve the practicality and accuracy of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention from another viewing angle;

[0026] Figure 3 is a bottom view schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a precipitation unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the precipitation unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air-insulated load-bearing layer of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a soil block filling box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the runoff sampling port of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cross-sectional sampling port of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the insulation load-bearing layer of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. cart; 2. water supply unit; 2.1. water storage barrel; 2.2. mechanical pump; 2.3. pressure valve; 3. precipitation unit; 3.1. lifting rod; 3.2. rain plate; 3.3. rainfall nozzle; 4. soil box unit; 4.1. soil block filling box; 4.2. air-bearing layer; 4.2.1. support column; 4.2.2. welding layer; 4.2.3. first leakage hole; 4.2.4. second leakage hole; 4.3. slope adjustment plate; 4.4. leaching sampling plug; 4.4.1. first leaching sampling port; 4.4.2. first leaching sampling port ; 4.5, bottom plate; 4.6, telescopic rod; 5, collection unit; 5.1, runoff sampling port; 5.1.1, first quartz sand layer; 5.1.2, first filter layer; 5.1.3, first sieve layer; 5.1.4, first sample liquid collection cover; 5.2, profile sampling port; 5.2.1, second quartz sand layer; 5.2.2, second filter layer; 5.2.3, second sieve layer; 5.2.4, second sample liquid collection cover; 5.3, first rain gauge; 5.4, second rain gauge; 6, V-shaped groove; 7, leaking plate; 8, soil block body; 9, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall includes: a cart 1, a water supply unit 2, a precipitation unit 3, a soil box unit 4, and a collection unit 5; Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the water supply unit 2 includes a water storage barrel 2.1, a mechanical pump 2.2 and a pressure valve 2.3, and the precipitation unit 3 includes a lifting rod 3.1, a rain plate 3.2 and a rain nozzle 3.3; the mechanical pump 2.2 extracts water from the water storage barrel 2.1 and sprinkles it to the soil box unit 4 through the rain nozzle 3.3; the soil box unit 4 includes a soil block filling box 4.1, an air-bearing layer 4.2, a slope adjustment plate 4.3, a leaching sampling plug 4.4, a bottom plate 4.5 and a telescopic rod 4.6 connected in sequence; the soil block filling box 4.1 is filled with water from top to bottom. A soil block body 8, a quartz sand body, and a filter are sequentially placed below; one end of a telescopic rod 4.6 is connected to the cart 1, and the other end is hinged to one end of a bottom plate 4.5, and the other end of the bottom plate 4.5 is hinged to the cart 1; the collection unit 5 includes a runoff sampling port 5.1, a profile sampling port 5.2, a first rain gauge 5.3, and a second rain gauge 5.4; the runoff sampling port 5.1 is used to collect the water flowing on the top of the soil block body 8, and the profile sampling port 5.2 is used to collect the water flowing in the soil block soil on the side of the soil block body 8; Figure 7 As shown, a V-shaped groove 6 is provided on one inner wall of the soil filling box 4.1, and one end of the V-shaped groove 6 is connected to the runoff sampling port 5.1.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the adjustable angle range between the bottom plate 4.5 and the cart 1 is 0 to 30 degrees, thereby ensuring that the maximum angle device is stable and safe in bearing weight; at the same time, universal wheels are provided at the bottom of the cart 1.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the optimal size of the soil block filling box 4.1 is 90*60*60; the thickness of the four side walls of the soil block filling box 4.1 is 0.5 cm.

[0042] like Figure 4-6 As shown, a support column 4.2.1 is welded to the bottom of the air-bearing layer 4.2, and the air-bearing layer 4.2 is connected to a welding layer 4.2.2 through the support column 4.2.1. The welding layer 4.2.2 can be embedded in the slope adjustment plate 4.3. The air-bearing layer 4.2 is provided with a first leak hole 4.2.3 and a second leak hole 4.2.4 connected to the leaching sampling plug 4.4. The leaching sampling plug 4.4 includes a first leaching sampling port 4.4.1 and a second leaching sampling port 4.4.2; the first leaching sampling port 4.4.1 is connected to the first leak hole 4.2.3, and the second leaching sampling port 4.4.2 is connected to the second leak hole 4.2.4.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, the runoff sampling port 5.1 is provided with a first quartz sand layer 5.1.1, a first filter layer 5.1.2, a first screen layer 5.1.3 and a first sample liquid collection cover 5.1.4 in sequence; the first quartz sand layer 5.1.1 is close to the soil block filling box 4.1, the first filter layer 5.1.2 is far away from the soil block filling box 4.1, and the first sample liquid collection cover 5.1.4 is threadedly connected to the runoff sampling port 5.1.

[0044] like Fig. 9 As shown, the profile sampling port 5.2 is provided with a second quartz sand layer 5.2.1, a second filter layer 5.2.2, a second screen layer 5.2.3 and a second sample liquid collecting cover 5.2.4 in sequence; the second quartz sand layer 5.2.1 is close to the soil block filling box 4.1, the second filter layer 5.2.2 is far away from the soil block filling box 4.1, the second sample liquid collecting cover 5.2.4 is threadedly connected to the profile sampling port 5.2, and the profile sampling port 5.2 extends to the inside of the soil block body 8.

[0045] A leak plate 7 is also provided in the soil block filling box 4.1. The leak plate 7 is located at the bottom of the filter screen and abuts against the top of the air-insulated load-bearing layer 4.2. Through holes 9 are equidistantly provided on one side of the soil block filling box 4.1. The through holes 9 are connected to the runoff sampling port 5.1. The upper surface of the soil block body 8 is on the same horizontal line as the center of the through holes 9 and the runoff sampling port 5.1. The depth of the V-shaped groove 6 is 2 to 3 cm; the height difference between the two sides of the V-shaped groove 6 is 5 to 10 mm; the higher side of the V-shaped groove 6 is connected to the soil block body 8.

[0046] like Fig.10 As shown, the inclination angle of the two sides of the air-bearing layer 4.2 toward the middle is 3-6°; the distance between the air-bearing layer 4.2 and the welding layer 4.2.2 is 5-8 cm. The first rain gauge 5.3 is connected to the runoff sampling port 5.1, and the second rain gauge 5.4 is connected to the profile sampling port 5.2.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, high-quality sealing rings are added between the soil block filling box 4.1 and the air-bearing layer 4.2, the slope adjustment plate 4.3 and other components to prevent water leakage. At the same time, each connection part is precisely processed and strictly inspected to ensure that the sealing performance of the device reaches the best state.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the first rain gauge 5.3 and the second rain gauge 5.4 can be independently configured to direct the liquid to the sample bottle or the waste bottle, or can be separately configured so that one directs the liquid to the sample bottle and the other directs the liquid to the waste bottle.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the collection unit 5 also includes a runoff sampling switch, a profile sampling switch and a leaching sampling switch. The runoff sampling switch, the profile sampling switch and the leaching sampling switch are respectively used to control the working states of the runoff sampling port 5.1, the profile sampling port 5.2 and the leaching sampling plug 4.4 to achieve accurate sampling.

[0050] Furthermore, high-precision flow sensors are installed at the runoff sampling port, profile sampling port and leaching sampling plug to monitor the water flow in real time. , so that the slight changes in water flow can be accurately captured.

[0051] Furthermore, an advanced PLC system is introduced as the centralized control unit of the entire device, which is responsible for receiving rainfall parameters (such as rainfall intensity, duration, rainfall distribution pattern, etc.) input by the user and accurately controlling the working state of the mechanical pump according to these parameters. The PLC system has high flexibility and stability and can adapt to various complex rainfall simulation requirements.

[0052] A variable frequency speed regulator is used in conjunction with a mechanical pump. The pump speed is adjusted by changing the power supply frequency of the motor, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of rainfall intensity. This makes it more precise and accurate than traditional mechanical adjustment and can meet the needs of high-precision control of rainfall intensity.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the water storage barrel and soil box unit are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance and durability and can adapt to the working environment of long-term contact with water and soil.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, a high-strength transparent observation window is provided on one side of the soil block filling box. It is made of special materials such as tempered glass. It has sufficient strength to withstand soil pressure and good light transmittance, which is convenient for users to observe the moisture migration inside the soil.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, multiple temperature and humidity sensors are installed at different depths in the soil block filling box to construct a comprehensive temperature and humidity monitoring network, so that the temperature and humidity changes inside the soil can be monitored in real time, and the data can be transmitted to the control system for analysis and processing.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, an adjustable soil compactor is provided on the soil filling box, and the user can adjust the pressure and shape of the compactor according to the experimental requirements to compact the soil to different degrees, thereby simulating the runoff and leaching process under different soil compaction conditions, thereby improving the diversity and practicality of the experiment.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, an emergency stop button is provided on the device, and an audible and visual signal alarm device is provided. Once an emergency or operation error occurs, the user can immediately press the emergency stop button, and the system will cut off all power supplies and power sources of moving parts in the shortest possible time to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, a closed-loop wastewater recovery system is set on one side of the soil filling box to collect the wastewater generated during the experiment into the recovery box. After simple filtration and sedimentation treatment, the wastewater can be used for the next experiment or discharged to a special sewage treatment system for treatment and reuse, thereby reducing the waste of water resources and avoiding the pollution of the environment by wastewater.

[0059] When the present invention is used, the mechanical pump 2.2 draws water from the water storage barrel 2.1 and adjusts the water pressure through the pressure valve 2.3 to ensure that the water can be stably and evenly supplied to the precipitation unit 3.

[0060] The lifting rod 3.1 of the precipitation unit 3 can adjust the height of the rain plate 3.2 and the rain nozzle 3.3 to simulate rainfall at different heights. The rain nozzle 3.3 evenly sprinkles water on the soil block body 8 of the soil box unit 4 in the form of simulated rainfall, starting the simulated rainfall process.

[0061] After rainwater falls on the soil block body 8, part of the water will form runoff and flow along the surface of the soil block body 8. The V-shaped groove 6 helps to guide the runoff so that it flows smoothly to the runoff sampling port 5.1. The groove depth and the height difference on both sides of the V-shaped groove ensure the effective collection of the runoff.

[0062] During the collection process, some water will penetrate into the soil block body 8, and further penetrate into the air-insulated load-bearing layer 4.2 through the filtering effect of the quartz sand body and the filter screen. The first leakage hole 4.2.3 and the second leakage hole 4.2.4 on the air-insulated load-bearing layer 4.2 allow the infiltrated water to pass through and flow to the first leaching sampling port 4.4.1 and the second leaching sampling port 4.4.2 respectively to collect the leaching sample.

[0063] A multi-layer filtering structure of a first quartz sand layer 5.1.1, a first filter layer 5.1.2 and a first screen layer 5.1.3 is arranged inside the runoff sampling port 5.1, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the runoff sample, and the runoff sample is collected through the first sample collection cover 5.1.4.

[0064] The profile sampling port 5.2 is also provided with a multi-layer filtering structure, and collects water samples infiltrated into the soil block body 8 through the second sample liquid collection cover 5.2.4. The first rain gauge 5.3 is connected to the runoff sampling port 5.1 to measure the runoff rainfall. The second rain gauge 5.4 is connected to the profile sampling port 5.2 to measure the amount of water infiltrated into the soil block body 8.

[0065] The slope adjustment plate 4.3 allows the slope of the soil box unit 4 to be adjusted to simulate soil runoff and leaching under different slopes. The telescopic rod 4.6 allows the soil box unit 4 to adjust its relative position with the cart 1 as needed, facilitating experimental operation and sample collection.

[0066] The leak plate 7 is located at the bottom of the filter screen and abuts against the top of the air-insulated load-bearing layer 4.2, ensuring that the filtered water can flow smoothly to the leaching sampling plug 4.4.

[0067] The through holes 9 equidistantly provided on one side of the soil filling box 4.1 are connected to the runoff sampling port 5.1, which helps to evenly collect and guide the runoff. The inclination angle of the air-bearing layer 4.2 and the distance between it and the welding layer 4.2.2 optimize the water penetration and collection effect.

[0068] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall, comprising: A cart, a water supply unit, a precipitation unit, a soil box unit, and a collection unit; characterized in that the water supply unit includes a water storage barrel, a mechanical pump and a pressure valve, and the precipitation unit includes a lifting rod, a rainfall plate and a rainfall nozzle; the mechanical pump extracts water from the water storage barrel and sprinkles it to the soil box unit through the rainfall nozzle; the soil box unit includes a soil block filling box, an air-bearing layer, a slope adjustment plate, a leaching sampling plug, a bottom plate and a telescopic rod connected in sequence; the soil block filling box is provided with a soil block body, a quartz sand body, a filter screen from top to bottom. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the cart, and the other end is hinged to one end of the bottom plate, and the other end of the bottom plate is hinged to the cart; the collection unit includes a runoff sampling port, a profile sampling port, a first rain gauge and a second rain gauge; the runoff sampling port is used to collect the water flowing on the surface of the soil block body, and the profile sampling port is used to collect the water flowing in the soil block on the side of the soil block body; a V-shaped groove is provided on one side inner wall of the soil block filling box for imitating a ditch, and one end of the V-shaped groove is connected to the runoff sampling port.

2. A soil runoff elution device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column is welded to the bottom of the air-insulated load-bearing layer, and the air-insulated load-bearing layer is connected to a welding layer through the support column. The welding layer can be embedded in the slope adjustment plate, and a first leakage hole and a second leakage hole connected to the leaching sampling plug are opened on the air-insulated load-bearing layer.

3. A soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The leaching sampling plug includes a first leaching sampling port and a second leaching sampling port; the first leaching sampling port is communicated with the first leakage hole, and the second leaching sampling port is communicated with the second leakage hole.

4. The soil runoff elution device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The runoff sampling port is provided with a first quartz sand layer, a first filter layer, a first screen layer and a first sample liquid collection cover in sequence; the first quartz sand layer is close to the soil block filling box, the first filter layer is far away from the soil block filling box, and the first sample liquid collection cover is threadedly connected to the runoff sampling port.

5. The soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second quartz sand layer, a second filter layer, a second screen layer and a second sample liquid collecting cover are sequentially arranged inside the profile sampling port; the second quartz sand layer is close to the soil block filling box, the second filter layer is far away from the soil block filling box, the second sample liquid collecting cover is threadedly connected to the profile sampling port, and the profile sampling port extends to the interior of the soil block body.

6. The soil runoff elution device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A leaking plate is also provided in the soil block filling box. The leaking plate is located at the bottom of the filter screen and abuts against the top of the air-insulated load-bearing layer.

7. The soil runoff elution device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the soil block filling box is provided with through holes at equal intervals, the through holes are connected to the runoff sampling port, and the upper surface of the soil block body and the centers of the through holes and the runoff sampling port are on the same horizontal line.

8. The soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the V-shaped groove is 2 to 3 cm; the height difference between the two sides of the V-shaped groove is 5 to 10 mm; and the higher side of the V-shaped groove is connected to the soil block body.

9. A soil runoff leaching device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inclination angles of the two sides of the spaced load-bearing layer toward the middle are 3 to 6 degrees; the distance between the spaced load-bearing layer and the welding layer is 5 to 8 cm.

10. The soil runoff elution device for simulating rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rain gauge is connected to the runoff sampling port and is used to store the amount of water flowing on the surface of the soil block body; the second rain gauge is connected to the profile sampling port and is used to store the amount of water flowing in the soil block laterally inside the soil block body.

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