Damage early warning method, device and equipment for boiler heating surface and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a boiler heating surface damage early warning method, device and equipment and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis of industrial boiler equipment, and discloses a boiler heating surface damage early warning method which comprises the steps that preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of a boiler heating surface are acquired; establishing a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data, and establishing a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data; calculating the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode influence strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point; according to the monitoring point damage amount and the damage diffusion model, comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface is obtained; and establishing a heating surface damage trend chart according to the accumulation and control chart strategy and the boiler heating surface comprehensive damage, and obtaining a damage early warning result according to the heating surface damage trend chart. The boiler heating surface damage is analyzed by establishing a model, and early warning of the boiler heating surface damage is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis of industrial boiler equipment, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for early warning of damage to a boiler heating surface. Background Art

[0002] The heating surface of the boiler operates for a long time under extreme conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion, which is prone to the superposition effect of multiple damage mechanisms, such as creep, corrosion, fatigue, and wear. These damage mechanisms have different action mechanisms, but they manifest as complex stress and deformation distribution on the heating surface. In order to ensure the safe operation of the boiler, it is necessary to monitor the damage state of the heating surface in real time, and to accurately predict and warn it.

[0003] However, traditional fault monitoring methods usually rely on the monitoring of a single parameter, which makes it difficult to capture the multi-dimensional dynamic changes of damage, and cannot fully distinguish the independent effects of different damage mechanisms. Traditional boiler heating surface fault monitoring technology is mainly based on single-point monitoring or fixed threshold judgment. The core problem is the lack of dynamic coupling analysis capabilities for multiple damage mechanisms, especially in the modeling of damage diffusion paths and cumulative trends. In addition, traditional methods cannot achieve accurate separation of monitoring point damage and regional comprehensive analysis, resulting in inaccurate assessment of the overall damage status of the heating surface, thus affecting the reliability of damage warning.

[0004] The above contents are only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute an admission that the above contents are prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a damage warning method, device, equipment and storage medium for the heating surface of a boiler, aiming to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and evaluate the overall damage status, thereby failing to effectively realize damage warning of the heating surface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present application proposes a boiler heating surface damage early warning method, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface;

[0008] Establishing a damage model based on the preset monitoring point data, and establishing a damage diffusion model based on the historical fault data;

[0009] Calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0010] Obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model;

[0011] A heating surface damage trend diagram is established according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and a damage warning result is obtained according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

[0012] In one embodiment, the steps of establishing a heating surface damage trend graph according to the cumulative sum control graph strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and obtaining a damage warning result according to the heating surface damage trend graph include:

[0013] Determine the preset tolerance value, preset damage threshold and warning threshold according to the cumulative and control chart strategy;

[0014] According to the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface, an initial damage state of the monitoring point is obtained;

[0015] Calculate the cumulative deviation according to the preset tolerance value, the preset damage threshold and the initial damage state to obtain the cumulative deviation;

[0016] Comparing the early warning threshold with the accumulated deviation to determine the abnormal point of the monitoring point;

[0017] A damage trend diagram of the heated surface is generated according to the abnormal points, and a damage warning result is obtained according to the damage trend diagram of the heated surface.

[0018] In one embodiment, the step of calculating the cumulative deviation according to the preset tolerance value, the preset damage threshold and the initial damage state to obtain the cumulative deviation includes:

[0019] Obtaining a tolerance range according to the preset tolerance value and the preset damage threshold;

[0020] Comparing the initial damage state with the tolerance range to obtain a damage deviation value;

[0021] In a preset comparison period, the damage deviation value is recorded to obtain a target damage deviation set;

[0022] According to the target damage deviation set, a damage deviation trend is obtained;

[0023] The damage deviation trend is compared with a preset damage threshold to obtain a cumulative deviation.

[0024] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model comprises:

[0025] Determining the damage state and damage rate of the monitoring point according to the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0026] Determining a diffusion rate of a monitoring point according to the damage state and the damage rate;

[0027] Determining the damage diffusion path of the monitoring point according to the damage diffusion model;

[0028] Obtaining a damage impact range according to the damage diffusion path and the diffusion rate;

[0029] The comprehensive damage amount is determined according to the damage impact range.

[0030] In one embodiment, the step of calculating the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point includes:

[0031] Calculate single damage according to the damage model and the current monitoring point data, wherein the single damage includes creep damage, corrosion damage, fatigue damage and wear damage;

[0032] Obtain the impact, occurrence rate and detectability of single damage based on historical fault data;

[0033] Obtaining risk priority according to the impact degree, the occurrence rate, and the detectability;

[0034] Determining the weight of the single damage according to the risk priority, the weight including creep weight, corrosion weight, fatigue weight and wear weight;

[0035] The damage amount of the monitoring point is calculated according to the single damage and the weight.

[0036] In one embodiment, the step of establishing a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data includes:

[0037] Obtain the material constant, stress index, gas constant, temperature, corrosion constant, current time, fatigue damage accumulation factor, preset cycle, endurance limit, wear coefficient and material hardness of the boiler heating surface;

[0038] According to the preset monitoring point data, stress, creep activation energy, corrosion activation energy, wear volume, normal force and sliding distance are obtained;

[0039] Constructing a creep model according to the material constant, the stress exponent, the gas constant, the temperature, the stress, and the activation energy;

[0040] Constructing a corrosion model according to the corrosion constant, the current time, the corrosion activation energy, the gas constant and the temperature;

[0041] Constructing a fatigue model according to the fatigue damage accumulation factor, the preset cycle and the durability limit;

[0042] constructing a wear model according to the wear coefficient, the material hardness, the wear volume, the normal force and the sliding distance;

[0043] A damage model is established according to the creep model, the corrosion model, the fatigue model and the wear model.

[0044] In one embodiment, the step of establishing a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data includes:

[0045] Obtaining the position of the first monitoring point and the position of the second monitoring point;

[0046] Obtaining a monitoring point distance according to the first monitoring point position and the second monitoring point position;

[0047] Obtaining a damage diffusion coefficient and a historical damage amount according to the historical fault data;

[0048] A damage diffusion model is established according to the monitoring point distance, the damage diffusion coefficient and the historical damage amount.

[0049] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a damage warning device for a boiler heating surface, the damage warning device for a boiler heating surface comprising: an acquisition module, used to acquire preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface;

[0050] An establishment module, used to establish a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data, and to establish a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data;

[0051] A calculation module, used to calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0052] An obtaining module, used for obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model;

[0053] The early warning module is used to establish a heating surface damage trend diagram according to the cumulative and control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface, and obtain a damage early warning result according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

[0054] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a damage warning device for a boiler heating surface, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the boiler heating surface damage warning method as described above.

[0055] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the boiler heating surface damage warning method as described above are implemented.

[0056] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the boiler heating surface damage warning method as described above.

[0057] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0058] By adopting technical means based on the combination of damage model and damage diffusion model, based on the preset monitoring point data, the damage models of creep, corrosion, fatigue and wear are established, and the damage diffusion model is constructed using historical fault data. The cumulative and control chart strategies are combined to dynamically monitor the changing trend of boiler heating surface damage. By calculating the single damage amount, comprehensive damage amount and damage diffusion range of the monitoring point, the problem of the inability to effectively distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and the difficulty in accurately evaluating the overall damage state of the heating surface in the existing technology is solved. Compared with the traditional method that relies on single-point monitoring or fixed thresholds, this scheme can realize dynamic correlation analysis between multiple monitoring points and comprehensive prediction of the damage state of the heating surface, significantly improving the accuracy and real-time performance of the boiler heating surface damage warning, and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the boiler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0061] Figure 1 A flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for early warning of damage to a heating surface of a boiler according to the present application;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a one-way isolation device provided in Embodiment 1 of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler of the present application;

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the sensor structure provided for Embodiment 1 of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler of the present application;

[0064] Figure 4 A flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the present application;

[0065] Figure 5 A flow chart of Embodiment 3 of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the present application;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the equipment structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the boiler heating surface damage warning method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0069] Ethernet interface 101; interface 102; outer insulating layer 103; conductive shielding layer 104; isolation and support layer 105; micro shock absorbing layer 106; sensitive element 107; spring support 108.

[0070] The purpose, features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0072] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0073] The main solution of the embodiment of the present application is to obtain preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface;

[0074] Establishing a damage model based on the preset monitoring point data, and establishing a damage diffusion model based on the historical fault data;

[0075] Calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0076] Obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model;

[0077] A heating surface damage trend diagram is established according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and a damage warning result is obtained according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

[0078] In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, the following description is made by taking the damage warning device for identifying the heating surface of a boiler as the execution subject.

[0079] Since it is difficult for the existing technology to accurately distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and evaluate the overall damage status, it is impossible to effectively realize the damage warning of the heating surface. The present application provides a solution. By adopting a technical means based on the combination of damage model and damage diffusion model, based on the preset monitoring point data, a damage model of creep, corrosion, fatigue and wear is established, and a damage diffusion model is constructed using historical fault data. The cumulative and control chart strategies are combined to dynamically monitor the changing trend of boiler heating surface damage. By calculating the single damage amount, comprehensive damage amount and damage diffusion range of the monitoring point, the problem of the inability to effectively distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and the difficulty in accurately evaluating the overall damage status of the heating surface in the existing technology is solved. Compared with the traditional method that relies on single-point monitoring or fixed thresholds, this solution can realize dynamic correlation analysis between multiple monitoring points and comprehensive prediction of the damage status of the heating surface, significantly improving the accuracy and real-time performance of the boiler heating surface damage warning, and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the boiler.

[0080] It should be noted that the execution subject of this embodiment may be a computing service device with data processing, network communication and program running functions, such as a tablet computer, a personal computer, a mobile phone, etc., or an electronic device capable of realizing the above functions, a damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler, etc. The following takes the damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the following embodiments.

[0081] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for early warning of damage to the heating surface of a boiler, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler of the present application.

[0082] In this embodiment, the boiler heating surface damage early warning method includes steps S10 to S50:

[0083] Step S10, obtaining preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface;

[0084] It should be noted that the boiler heating surface refers to the surface area inside the boiler that is in direct contact with the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of fuel and absorbs heat. These heating surfaces transfer the absorbed heat to the working fluid inside the boiler, such as water or steam, and are the main structure for transferring heat in the boiler. The boiler heating surface is usually composed of different parts such as water-cooled walls, superheaters, reheaters and economizers. Their design and material selection need to be resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion. The boiler heating surface plays a key role in heat transfer during boiler operation. Due to direct contact with high-temperature flue gas, these surface areas are often affected by damage mechanisms such as creep, corrosion, fatigue and wear, and may experience problems such as material fatigue, oxidation corrosion, and local deformation. Therefore, monitoring and early warning of damage to the boiler heating surface are very important to ensure the safe operation of the boiler and extend the life of the equipment.

[0085] In addition, it should be noted that the preset monitoring point data refers to the data of the monitoring points arranged in advance at the key positions of the boiler. The locations of the monitoring points are selected according to the areas where the boiler heating surface may be greatly affected by stress, temperature, corrosion, etc. For example, monitoring points can be selected in areas with higher risk of damage, such as high-temperature areas close to flames, stress concentration points, corrosion active areas, etc. These points are representative of the overall damage of the boiler due to the importance of their location in the boiler structure. For different areas of the heating surface, the damage generally spreads from the key points to the surrounding areas. For example, in the high-temperature area of ​​the boiler, the creep damage of the tube wall will gradually spread to the adjacent areas; and in the corrosion active area, the corrosion damage may also gradually spread to the surrounding areas. Using this diffusion or transmission mechanism, the damage in other areas can be inferred from the data of adjacent key points, so the monitoring points can be arranged according to the specific needs of the boiler.

[0086] Exemplarily, the heating surface of a boiler pipe is divided into five areas, namely A, B, C, D, and E, where area A is the most severely heated high-temperature area, area B is located at the bend of the pipe, that is, the stress concentration area, and the temperature and stress in areas C, D, and E are relatively gentle. A temperature sensor can be arranged in area A, that is, the high-temperature area, because the temperature change in this area will directly affect the creep damage. Area B is a stress concentration area, and stress sensors are arranged to monitor stress fluctuations and fatigue damage in this area. The temperature data collected from area A can be used to infer the heat conduction around area A. Since the temperature will be transferred to the adjacent areas, the increase in the temperature of area A will usually lead to an increase in the temperature of areas B and C. Therefore, the temperature data of area A can be used as the temperature reference of areas A, B, and C.

[0087] It should be noted that the preset monitoring point data includes but is not limited to parameters such as temperature, pressure, and stress. The preset monitoring point data is the basis for monitoring the damage condition of the boiler heating surface. The preset monitoring point data can be derived from sensors distributed at the boiler monitoring points. The preset monitoring point data can be transmitted from the boiler equipment to the data analysis equipment through a one-way isolation device. Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a one-way isolation device according to the first embodiment of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler of the present application.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown, node 1 and node 2 represent two communication nodes in the network. Node 1 is the data source, and node 2 is the data receiving end. Data is transmitted from node 1 to node 2 through a unidirectional isolation device in the middle to ensure that data can only flow from node 1 to node 2 and cannot be transmitted in the reverse direction. The 100M Ethernet interface 101 is used to connect to the network and provide a basic environment for data communication. The RJ45 interface 102 is used for physical connection of the network. As a standard interface of Ethernet, the RJ45 interface 102 realizes data transmission through a physical cable. The two RJ45 interfaces 102 are connected to a unidirectional isolation device to ensure that data can only flow from the left to the right to prevent reverse data flow.

[0089] It is understandable that under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, electromagnetic interference is intensified, and signal crosstalk or induced voltage may occur between different sensors, resulting in increased data noise. However, filtering measures are difficult to completely eliminate this environmental interference, resulting in increased data volatility and difficulty in stabilization. It is also difficult for filters and shielding measures to completely avoid electromagnetic interference generated in high temperature and high humidity environments. Even data enhancement algorithms find it difficult to completely correct such severely fluctuating data, affecting the system's prediction accuracy. The internal pressure of the boiler continues to fluctuate violently, especially in the case of instantaneous pressure changes, such as when the boiler is started, shut down, or the fuel is switched. The sensor will suffer mechanical fatigue due to repeated pressure shocks. Long-term pressure fluctuations can cause damage to the internal structure of the sensor, reduce the sensor's response speed and accuracy, and even cause the sensor to fail. In this embodiment, an electromagnetically and shock-proof sensor can be used to collect boiler data. Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor structure of the first embodiment of the damage warning method for the boiler heating surface of the present application.

[0090] like Figure 3As shown, the outer insulating layer 103 is the outermost insulating layer, which can be made of high-temperature resistant insulating materials such as ceramics or special polymers. Its main function is to prevent static electricity accumulation and provide preliminary thermal isolation protection for the interior. The insulating layer isolates the external high temperature and moisture, forming the first line of protection for the internal conductive shielding layer. The conductive shielding layer 104 is a conductive layer located inside the insulating layer, which can be made of metal or metal composite materials to shield electromagnetic interference. After the layer is grounded, it can effectively absorb and dissipate high-frequency electromagnetic interference from the outside world, reducing the impact on the sensor signal. The isolation and support layer 105 is made of heat-resistant isolation materials, such as ceramic fibers. This layer provides physical isolation between the conductive shielding layer and the sensor sensitive element to prevent the conductive material from directly affecting the sensitive element. At the same time, it also plays a supporting role to ensure the stability of the sensor structure and prevent displacement in a high vibration environment. The micro-shock-absorbing layer 106 is directly adjacent to the sensitive element 107 of the sensor. The micro-shock-absorbing layer 106 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber or silicone to absorb the impact caused by the pressure fluctuation inside the boiler, relieve the mechanical stress of the sensitive element, and prevent it from being damaged. The sensor sensitive element 107 is the core component of the sensor, which is used to directly detect physical parameters such as temperature or pressure in the boiler. The component is protected by a multi-layer structure to reduce the impact of external interference on the measurement accuracy. The spring support 108 at the bottom of the figure is used for further shock absorption to help disperse the vibration and impact force caused by the boiler environment. The spring support works together with the micro shock-absorbing layer to ensure the stability of the sensitive element. Through the multi-layer structure design, the sensor can simultaneously provide electromagnetic interference shielding effect and mechanical shock absorption protection, ensuring that the sensor can still provide accurate and stable data under extreme conditions, and effectively adapt to the high temperature, high humidity and high vibration operating environment of the boiler.

[0091] It should be noted that historical fault data is a record of faults during the past operation of the boiler, including information on creep, corrosion, fatigue and other damage mechanisms experienced by the heating surface. These data usually contain detailed information such as the time of the fault, the fault mode, and the degree of damage, which are helpful for the subsequent establishment of damage models and damage diffusion analysis. For example, historical fault data can come from information obtained from maintenance data, or from the experience of experts who provide guidance on the boiler line.

[0092] Step S20, establishing a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data, and establishing a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data;

[0093] It should be noted that the damage model is a mathematical model used to quantitatively analyze the damage accumulation of materials under specific conditions. For boiler heating surfaces, common damage types include creep, corrosion, fatigue and wear. These types of damage will cause the performance of the material to gradually degrade, and may eventually lead to equipment failure. The damage model will estimate the accumulation of each type of damage based on the preset monitoring point data. Damage models include creep models, corrosion models, fatigue models and wear models, and different damage accumulations can be calculated according to different damage models. Creep refers to the process in which metal materials slowly deform under constant stress in a high temperature environment. Corrosion is a chemical or electrochemical reaction between the surface of the material and the environment, resulting in material loss. Fatigue refers to the process in which a material is gradually damaged under cyclic stress, and is often used to describe the loss caused by pressure fluctuations. Wear is the phenomenon that the surface material of the material is lost due to friction or impact, which is suitable for describing surface wear.

[0094] In addition, it should be noted that the damage diffusion model is a model that describes how damage spreads from a monitoring point to the surrounding area. The diffusion model simulates the propagation process of damage in space and estimates the possible impact range of damage through the diffusion rate and diffusion path of the damage.

[0095] In a feasible implementation, step S20 may include steps A21 to A31:

[0096] Step A21, obtaining the material constant, stress index, gas constant, temperature, corrosion constant, current time, fatigue damage accumulation factor, preset cycle, endurance limit, wear coefficient and material hardness of the boiler heating surface;

[0097] It should be noted that material constants refer to some basic physical or chemical properties of a specific material under specific conditions. For boiler heating surfaces, material constants may involve the behavior of materials under high temperature and high pressure environments, such as thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, etc. Stress exponent is used to describe the sensitivity of materials to stress. It indicates the deformation characteristics of materials under stress, which is particularly important for creep analysis. Stress exponent affects the calculation of creep rate and reflects the deformation trend of materials under long-term stress. Gas constant refers to the ideal gas constant. It is used in the formula for temperature and energy conversion in damage analysis, especially in the calculation of activation energy of corrosion or creep. The gas constant helps to relate the effect of temperature on corrosion or creep rate. Corrosion constant is used to describe the corrosion rate of materials under specific environments. It is related to the chemical properties of materials and boiler environment, such as water quality, oxygen content, etc., and is used to predict the progress of corrosion damage. The current time is used to calculate the cumulative damage. The calculation of the damage amount is usually related to the accumulation of time, such as the accumulation of creep and corrosion. The total operating time and the cumulative damage amount of the material can be determined through the current time. The fatigue damage accumulation factor refers to the cumulative damage amount of the material under repeated stress cycles. The preset cycle is the time interval for damage monitoring or data collection. The endurance limit is the maximum stress amplitude that the material can withstand, below which the material can undergo an unlimited number of cycles without fatigue failure. The wear coefficient is used to describe the wear characteristics of materials in frictional contact. The hardness of the material describes the ability of the material to resist deformation.

[0098] Step A22, obtaining stress, creep activation energy, corrosion activation energy, wear volume, normal force and sliding distance according to the preset monitoring point data;

[0099] It should be noted that stress is the internal force of a material under the action of an external force, usually expressed as force per unit area. Creep activation energy describes the energy that a material needs to overcome during creep, and is usually related to temperature. The creep activation energy can be determined through the temperature data and material properties of the boiler. Corrosion activation energy is the minimum energy required for a material to undergo a corrosion reaction, and can be estimated through the temperature data of the heated surface and environmental parameters such as oxygen concentration. Wear volume refers to the volume of material removed during friction contact, and the wear volume can be calculated using the wear rate and operating time in the monitoring point data. Normal force is the force acting perpendicularly on the surface of a material, such as the pressure on the heating surface of a boiler due to the flow of high-pressure flue gas. Sliding distance refers to the total sliding distance between friction contact surfaces, and is usually used to assess wear damage.

[0100] Step A23, constructing a creep model according to the material constant, the stress index, the gas constant, the temperature, the stress and the activation energy; It is understood that creep is a slow, gradual plastic deformation phenomenon that occurs when a material is subjected to high temperature and constant stress for a long time. In the high temperature environment of a boiler, the metal heating surface will creep due to continuous high temperature stress during long-term operation, causing the material to gradually deform and possibly crack or fail. The creep model is used to describe and predict the creep behavior of materials at high temperatures. The creep model is constructed as follows: (Formula 1) In the formula, is the creep strain rate, is the material constant, is stress, is the stress index, is the activation energy, is the gas constant, is the absolute temperature.

[0104] Step A24, constructing a corrosion model according to the corrosion constant, the current time, the corrosion activation energy, the gas constant and the temperature;

[0105] It is understood that corrosion is a material loss process under chemical or electrochemical reactions. On the boiler heating surface, corrosion is usually affected by factors such as boiler water quality, gas environment, such as oxygen, sulfur dioxide and other gases and temperature, causing the metal surface to gradually become thinner or form an oxide layer. The corrosion model is used to calculate the corrosion rate and material loss. The construction of the corrosion model is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Where ΔC is the corrosion depth increment, k c is the corrosion constant, t is the time, E a is the activation energy of the corrosion reaction, R is the gas constant, and T is the operating temperature.

[0108] Step A25, constructing a fatigue model according to the fatigue damage accumulation factor, the preset cycle and the durability limit;

[0109] It is understandable that fatigue refers to the phenomenon that materials suffer cumulative damage under periodic stress, which eventually leads to material failure. In the frequent temperature and pressure fluctuations of the boiler, the metal heating surface will be subjected to repeated alternating stress, resulting in fatigue damage. The fatigue model is constructed as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Where D fatigue is the fatigue damage accumulation factor, n iis the number of cycles under a specific stress amplitude, N i is the endurance limit of the material under this stress amplitude.

[0112] Step A26, constructing a wear model according to the wear coefficient, the material hardness, the wear volume, the normal force and the sliding distance;

[0113] It is understood that wear is the process of gradual loss of material due to friction between contact surfaces. In boilers, wear usually occurs between the airflow and the surface of the heating surface pipe. Long-term friction will lead to the gradual loss of metal materials. The wear model is constructed as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Where V wear is the wear volume, k w is the wear coefficient, F is the normal force, L is the sliding distance, and H is the material hardness.

[0116] Step A27, establishing a damage model according to the creep model, the corrosion model, the fatigue model and the wear model.

[0117] It should be noted that the damage model is a complete model obtained by integrating four damage mechanisms: creep, corrosion, fatigue and wear. It can estimate the overall damage state of the boiler heating surface and can accumulate on the basis of each individual model to generate a quantitative value reflecting the comprehensive damage, which is convenient for further analysis.

[0118] It is understandable that different weights can be set for different damage mechanisms. The weights can be assigned based on the risk priority of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) assessment. The four damage quantities are added according to the weights by weighted average or cumulative method to obtain a comprehensive damage quantity, which is the output result of the damage model.

[0119] Step A28, obtaining the position of the first monitoring point and the position of the second monitoring point;

[0120] It should be noted that the first monitoring point position refers to the position of the monitoring point on the boiler heating surface where damage has occurred, that is, the spatial coordinates or position number. This point is where the damage begins. The second monitoring point position refers to the position of other monitoring points that are adjacent to the first monitoring point and may be affected by the diffusion.

[0121] Step A29, obtaining a monitoring point distance according to the first monitoring point position and the second monitoring point position;

[0122] It can be understood that, assuming there are two monitoring points A and B on the boiler heating surface, point A has already suffered initial damage, and point B is in its adjacent area. The distance between the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point can be calculated using the coordinate position. This calculated distance is the monitoring point distance.

[0123] Step A30, obtaining a damage diffusion coefficient and a historical damage amount according to the historical fault data;

[0124] It should be noted that historical fault data comes from various monitoring data accumulated during the long-term operation of the boiler heating surface, usually including regular damage detection records, maintenance data, fault reports, shutdown maintenance data, etc. These data are collected during the normal operation of the system or the maintenance process after the failure occurs, reflecting the degradation trend of the boiler under actual use conditions. For example, common historical fault data include the degree of damage of each monitoring point in different time periods, such as wall thickness corrosion, crack growth, etc.; the frequency, location, scope and severity of damage events; environmental parameters and operating conditions, such as the impact of temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. on materials; maintenance measures and repair records. The damage diffusion coefficient represents the diffusion rate of damage between different areas. Based on influencing factors such as material properties and temperature gradients, it is usually necessary to estimate from historical data. The historical damage volume refers to the total amount of damage recorded at each monitoring point in history, which is used to calibrate the diffusion model to ensure that the model conforms to the actual situation.

[0125] It is understandable that by analyzing the damage change trends of multiple adjacent monitoring points in historical fault data, it is possible to observe whether the damage gradually spreads from one location to another. For example, in a certain fault event, if the damage first appears at a monitoring point A and then gradually spreads to the adjacent monitoring point B, it can be determined that the damage diffuses between A and B. According to the cumulative changes in actual historical data, the characteristic parameters of damage diffusion are fitted to determine a suitable diffusion rate parameter, namely the damage diffusion coefficient.

[0126] In addition, it is understandable that by checking the damage change records of each monitoring point at different times, the cumulative damage amount of the point can be obtained. For example, the wall thickness corrosion measured at each inspection or maintenance can be gradually accumulated to form a cumulative damage amount data, which represents the total damage accumulation at this point in history. The historical damage amount is not only the direct cumulative value of a single point, but also the speed and cause of its damage can be understood by observing the trend of damage accumulation at this point. For example, if the damage rate of a monitoring point is significantly higher under specific temperature and pressure conditions, then this indicates that the area will be damaged rapidly under similar environments, and its historical damage amount should be appropriately increased.

[0127] It is understandable that in some cases, based on material degradation models or historical experience, the amount of damage can be appropriately adjusted. When adjusting, factors such as the actual service life of the material and the extreme conditions of the operating conditions can be considered to ensure that the historical damage amount reflects a more realistic situation.

[0128] Step A31, establishing a damage diffusion model according to the monitoring point distance, the damage diffusion coefficient and the historical damage amount.

[0129] It can be understood that the damage diffusion model uses the distance between monitoring points, the damage diffusion coefficient, and the historical damage amount to calculate the impact range of damage diffusion. The damage diffusion model is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] Where D i,j is the damage estimate of point (i, j), D k is the damage value of the key point k, which can be obtained from the above four models. α is the damage diffusion coefficient, which determines the rate of damage attenuation. i,j is the distance from (i,j) to k.

[0132] For example, the damage value monitored at a key point in a high-temperature creep region is 100, the unit can be defined according to the actual situation of the boiler, the damage diffusion coefficient is 0.1, and the damage estimation value of the point 2 meters away from the key point without a sensor can be approximately equal to 82. The superposition of the damage diffusion model of different damage models can be calculated by addition.

[0133] Step S30, calculating the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0134] It should be noted that the damage amount of the monitoring point is the result of calculation by the damage model and failure mode impact strategy, reflecting the cumulative damage value of the monitoring point under the current conditions. The damage amount is a combination of multiple damage types, which is used to reflect the overall damage status of the monitoring point.

[0135] For example, the creep damage amount of a monitoring point is 0.5, the corrosion damage amount is 0.3, and the fatigue damage amount is 0.2. According to the weights of different damages, the comprehensive damage amount can be obtained as 0.7 by weighted summation.

[0136] Step S40, obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model;

[0137] It should be noted that the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface is the overall damage value of the heating surface obtained by weighted calculation of the damage amounts of multiple monitoring points and superimposing the damage diffusion model. The comprehensive damage amount provides a quantitative indicator of the overall health status of the boiler heating surface, helping to determine the overall damage degree of the heating surface.

[0138] Step S50, establishing a heating surface damage trend diagram according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and obtaining a damage warning result according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

[0139] It should be noted that the Cumulative SUM (CUSUM) strategy is a statistical process control method used to detect trends and mutations in data. By accumulating data deviations, small trend changes can be more keenly detected. In the CUSUM algorithm, a reference point and a small allowable range of changes can be set. If the data continues to deviate from the reference point, even if each deviation is small, but the cumulative deviation is large enough, an alarm will be triggered. Using the CUSUM algorithm, trend anomalies in temperature or pressure can be detected earlier, rather than just a single instantaneous situation of exceeding the threshold. The heating surface damage trend chart is a graph drawn using the cumulative sum control chart strategy, which shows the trend of the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface over time. The trend chart can help identify the acceleration or abnormal increase in the amount of damage, and provide an early warning basis for potential damage. When the cumulative deviation or the curve of the trend chart exceeds the warning line, an early warning will be generated, indicating that there may be a risk of damage to the boiler heating surface and measures need to be taken. This early warning is the damage warning result.

[0140] This embodiment provides a method for early warning of damage to the heating surface of a boiler. By adopting a technical means combining preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data, and historical fault data, the accuracy of early warning of damage to the heating surface of the boiler is solved, achieving the beneficial effects of improving boiler operation safety and extending equipment life. By establishing a damage model and a damage diffusion model, and applying a cumulative and control chart strategy, this method can effectively monitor and predict the damage state of the heating surface of the boiler, and timely discover damage trends, thereby providing a scientific basis for the maintenance and management of the boiler, reducing unexpected downtime and maintenance costs, and ensuring the stable operation of the boiler system.

[0141] Based on the first embodiment of the present application, in the second embodiment of the present application, the same or similar contents as those in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in the following. Figure 4 The step S30 of the boiler heating surface damage warning method includes steps S31 to S35:

[0142] Step S31, calculating single damage according to the damage model and the current monitoring point data, wherein the single damage includes creep damage, corrosion damage, fatigue damage and wear damage;

[0143] It is understandable that after obtaining the current monitoring point data, the data is substituted into the corresponding damage model to calculate the amount of each type of single damage. By calculating creep, corrosion, fatigue and wear separately, the independence and accuracy of each type of damage can be ensured, which is helpful to further analyze the superposition effect of different damage mechanisms and accurately evaluate the impact of various types of single damage on the boiler heating surface.

[0144] Step S32, obtaining the impact, occurrence rate and detectability of a single damage according to historical fault data;

[0145] It should be noted that the impact level refers to the impact of a specific single damage, such as creep or corrosion, on the overall operation and safety of the boiler, and is usually measured by importance level, such as high, medium, and low. In the historical fault data, analyze the severity of system failures or damage caused by each damage. For example, if a certain type of damage, such as creep, has caused boiler shutdowns many times, it means that the impact level of the damage is large and can be marked as "high". Conversely, if a certain damage rarely has a significant impact on operation, its impact level may be "low". The occurrence rate refers to the frequency of occurrence of a specific type of single damage during boiler operation, usually expressed in terms of probability or frequency, such as the number of failures / total operating time. Analyze the total number of occurrences of each damage in the historical data and the total operating time or number of cycles of the system to calculate the frequency of occurrence of each damage. For example, if corrosion damage has occurred many times in the past few years, the incidence rate will be high. The detectability refers to the difficulty of detecting and identifying the damage before it reaches a significant impact, usually expressed as the detection success rate or detection sensitivity. Whether the damage was detected at an early stage in the historical data. If the history shows that a certain damage is detected by the sensor or system at an early stage many times, then the detectability of the damage is high. For example, if fatigue damage is detected early in many stress cycles, then its detectability is high. On the other hand, if some damage, such as creep, is not detected until it is severe, the detectability may be low.

[0146] Step S33, obtaining a risk priority according to the impact degree, the occurrence rate and the detectability;

[0147] It should be noted that the Risk Priority Number (RPN) is a comprehensive score used to evaluate the priority of each damage. It is generally obtained by multiplying the scores of the impact degree, occurrence rate and detectability. The higher the value, the higher the priority, indicating that the risk of the damage is greater. According to the analysis of the impact degree in step S32, the impact degree is quantified according to a certain scoring standard. The score range is usually 1 to 10 points, 1 point indicates the smallest impact, and 10 points indicates the largest impact. For example, if creep damage has caused boiler shutdowns many times and has a great impact, it is assigned a high score, such as 9 points. The incidence of each damage is scored on a scale of 1 to 10, and the higher the frequency, the higher the score. For example, if fatigue damage occurs frequently during operation, it may be scored as 8 points; while if wear damage occurs less frequently, it may be scored as 3 points. The higher the score of detectability, the greater the difficulty of detection, indicating that it is not easy to be discovered in advance. For example, if corrosion damage is difficult to detect in the early stage, it may be scored as 8 points; while if fatigue damage is easy to detect in the early stage, it may be scored as 2 points. Multiply the scores of impact, occurrence, and detectability to obtain the risk priority value. All damages are ranked according to the RPN value of each damage type. Damages with high risk priority will be given higher priority in system monitoring and early warning to ensure that priority is given to damages with greater potential impact. Damages with high RPN values ​​will be handled first so that operators can take timely measures to reduce accident risks.

[0148] Step S34, determining the weight of the single damage according to the risk priority, the weight including creep weight, corrosion weight, fatigue weight and wear weight;

[0149] It should be noted that the weight refers to the relative contribution of each single damage to the overall damage. Damage types with high risk priority will be given higher weights, indicating that they have a greater impact on the damage to the boiler heating surface. The weight is usually set between 0 and 1 to proportionalize the impact of different types of damage on the overall damage, ensuring that the calculated comprehensive damage amount accurately reflects the importance of each type of damage. The RPN of each damage has been calculated in step S33, and the weight can be determined based on the RPN of each damage.

[0150] Exemplarily, the RPN value of each damage type is creep: 315; corrosion: 210; fatigue: 105; wear: 70. The relative weight of each damage is calculated, that is, creep weight = 315 / (315+210+105+70) = 0.45; corrosion weight = 210 / (315+210+105+70) = 0.30; fatigue weight = 105 / (315+210+105+70) = 0.15; wear weight = 70 / (315+210+105+70) = 0.10.

[0151] It is understandable that in some scenarios, the weights can be fine-tuned according to the special needs of boiler operation. For example, if corrosion damage is more difficult to detect in actual operation, the weight can be slightly increased to improve its responsiveness in early warning.

[0152] Step S35, calculating the damage amount of the monitoring point according to the single damage and the weight.

[0153] It can be understood that the total damage amount of each monitoring point is the weighted sum of each single damage amount and its weight. After the weighted sum calculation, the comprehensive damage amount of the monitoring point can be obtained. It can ensure that the contribution of each damage mechanism to the overall damage amount is in line with its risk priority, thereby making the damage amount of the monitoring point more accurate and scientific.

[0154] In a feasible implementation manner, step S40 of the boiler heating surface damage early warning method includes steps S41 to S45:

[0155] Step S41, determining the damage state and damage rate of the monitoring point according to the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0156] It should be noted that the damage state indicates the damage situation of the current monitoring point, which usually includes the cumulative effect of different damage mechanisms, including but not limited to the comprehensive manifestation of the current fatigue, creep or corrosion degree of the heated surface. The damage rate refers to the speed at which the damage changes over time, reflecting the deterioration trend of the damage at the monitoring point.

[0157] It is understandable that the damage status is classified according to the preset damage level. For example, several damage status levels may be set, such as mild, moderate, and severe, and each level corresponds to a certain range of damage values. According to the amount of damage at the monitoring point, it is classified into the corresponding damage state. For example, a damage amount of 0.3 may correspond to a "moderate damage" state, and a damage amount of 0.6 is "severe damage". This embodiment does not limit the specific loss state classification. The damage rate is the degree of change of the damage of the monitoring point over time. By observing historical data and calculating the change in the damage amount of the monitoring point within a certain time interval, the damage rate of the monitoring point can be obtained. Exemplarily, if the damage amount increases from 0.2 to 0.3 in the past hour, the damage rate is 0.1 / hour.

[0158] Step S42, determining the diffusion rate of the monitoring point according to the damage state and the damage rate;

[0159] It should be noted that the diffusion rate refers to the speed at which damage propagates from a point in the heated surface area to the surrounding area. The diffusion rate is usually proportional to the current damage state and damage rate of the monitoring point.

[0160] It is understood that a higher damage state will generally result in a faster damage diffusion rate. For example, a monitoring point with "severe damage" will have a higher diffusion rate than a "moderate damage". The higher the current damage rate, the higher the diffusion rate may be. For example, a monitoring point with a damage rate of 0.1 may result in a diffusion rate of 1.5 units / hour, while a damage rate of 0.3 may correspond to a diffusion rate of 2.5 units / hour.

[0161] Step S43, determining the damage diffusion path of the monitoring point according to the damage diffusion model;

[0162] It is understandable that the damage diffusion model with the distance of the monitoring point marked can determine the diffusion path in combination with the specific location of the monitoring point and the characteristics of the surrounding structure. For example, if the monitoring point is at the center of the heated surface, the diffusion path may extend symmetrically around; while for the monitoring point at the edge, the diffusion path may only extend inward.

[0163] Step S44, obtaining a damage impact range according to the damage diffusion path and the diffusion rate;

[0164] It should be noted that the damage impact range refers to the area of ​​the heated surface to which the damage may spread. According to the damage diffusion path and diffusion rate, the range to which the damage will spread within a certain period of time is calculated. For example, the diffusion path propagates along the boiler pipe, and the diffusion rate is 1.5 units / hour, so the damage impact range within 3 hours is 4.5 units. The unit is limited by the specific scenario of the boiler. The damage diffusion path can be used as a reference, and the diffusion rate is used as the increment of the time dimension to calculate the extension distance of the damage in each direction. The damage impact range can be expressed as an area on the heated surface. For example, the damage diffusion range of a certain monitoring point may cover 3 to 5 adjacent monitoring points, forming a damage area centered on the monitoring point. This area is the damage impact range.

[0165] Step S45, determining the comprehensive damage amount according to the damage impact range.

[0166] It can be understood that by adding the damage amounts of each monitoring point within the impact range, the comprehensive damage amount of the area can be obtained. For example, if the damage amounts of the three monitoring points within the impact range are 0.3, 0.5 and 0.4 respectively, the comprehensive damage amount is 1.2. After calculating the comprehensive damage amount, the overall damage state of the heating surface area can be evaluated, thereby realizing global damage monitoring of the boiler and providing data support for further early warning and maintenance decisions.

[0167] This embodiment provides a damage warning method for boiler heating surface, which solves the accuracy of boiler heating surface damage assessment and the responsiveness of the warning system by comprehensively considering the technical means of single damage calculation, historical fault data analysis, risk priority assessment and damage diffusion model, and achieves the beneficial effect of improving boiler operation safety and maintenance efficiency. It can more accurately identify and quantify the impact of different damage mechanisms on the overall health of the boiler heating surface, achieve more effective damage monitoring and warning, thereby reducing the risk of failure and extending the life of the equipment.

[0168] Based on the first embodiment of the present application, in the third embodiment of the present application, the same or similar contents as those in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in the following. Figure 5 The step S50 of the boiler heating surface damage warning method includes steps S51 to S55:

[0169] Step S51, determining a preset tolerance value, a preset damage threshold, and a warning threshold according to a cumulative sum control chart strategy;

[0170] It is understandable that CUSUM can identify potential damage problems in advance by analyzing the cumulative change trend of damage data. It displays the change trend of damage values ​​in cumulative form, so that it is more clearly observed whether the damage exceeds the normal range. The preset tolerance value refers to the upper and lower limits of the normal fluctuation range of the monitoring point data, that is, the range of damage changes allowed under normal operating conditions.

[0171] It is understandable that the tolerance value can be determined by analyzing a large amount of historical data and combining it with the damage characteristics of the boiler during normal operation. If the historical data shows that the damage value fluctuating within a specific range has no impact on the safety of the equipment, then this range is the tolerance value. For example, through statistical analysis of historical data, it may be concluded that during daily operation, the damage amount of the boiler heating surface changes between 0.05 and 0.15 and will not affect the equipment, then this range is the preset tolerance value.

[0172] In addition, it should be noted that the preset damage threshold is a reference value used to reflect the normal damage level or allowable damage limit of the boiler heating surface.

[0173] It is understandable that the preset damage threshold can be set based on the historical data of the equipment or the data of the equipment during stable operation. For example, if the temperature change of the boiler under normal working conditions fluctuates within a range, then the median or average value of the fluctuation range can be used as the preset damage threshold. This baseline value represents the degree of damage of the equipment in a safe state. When the damage level approaches or exceeds this value, it means that the damage state of the equipment may no longer be controllable.

[0174] It should be noted that the warning threshold is a set critical value. When the cumulative sum statistic, that is, the cumulative deviation of the damage change exceeds the threshold, it will be judged that a sudden abnormality has occurred and a warning signal will be issued.

[0175] Step S52, obtaining the initial damage state of the monitoring point according to the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface;

[0176] It should be noted that the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface refers to the damage situation obtained after an overall evaluation of the damage data of all monitoring points on the boiler heating surface. This comprehensive evaluation usually includes the superposition and calculation results of different damage types such as creep, corrosion, fatigue, and wear at each monitoring point. It reflects the overall degree of damage to the boiler heating surface and is a quantitative indicator that includes multiple damage factors. The initial damage state refers to the initial value or baseline value of the damage at the monitoring point at the current moment. The initial damage state will be used as a reference point for subsequent calculations to track and analyze the evolution trend of the damage at the monitoring point over time.

[0177] It can be understood that, based on the comprehensive damage, a specific initial damage state is defined for each monitoring point.

[0178] Step S53, calculating the cumulative deviation according to the preset tolerance value, the preset damage threshold and the initial damage state to obtain the cumulative deviation;

[0179] It should be noted that the preset tolerance value refers to a small tolerance range k, which is used to tolerate normal fluctuations of the system without triggering an alarm. For example, the temperature is tolerated to fluctuate within a small range of 0.5°C around the reference value.

[0180] It can be understood that the cumulative deviation is the cumulative amount of the damage value of the monitoring point deviating from the baseline value, which is used to determine whether the damage continues to accumulate or is abnormal.

[0181] In a feasible implementation, step S53 may include steps S531 to S535:

[0182] Step S531, obtaining a tolerance range according to the preset tolerance value and the preset damage threshold;

[0183] It should be noted that the tolerance range is a range consisting of a preset tolerance value and a preset damage threshold, which is used to define the safety limit of damage. For example, the set tolerance range can include an interval between the tolerance value and the damage threshold to ensure that the monitoring point is considered to be in a normal state when it fluctuates within the range.

[0184] Step S532, comparing the initial damage state with the tolerance range to obtain a damage deviation value;

[0185] It can be understood that the initial damage state is compared with the upper and lower limits of the tolerance range to obtain the damage deviation value. The deviation value indicates the degree of deviation of the current damage state of the monitoring point relative to the tolerance range.

[0186] Step S533, in a preset comparison period, recording the damage deviation value to obtain a target damage deviation set;

[0187] It should be noted that the preset comparison period is a time period for periodically recording the damage deviation value, such as every hour or every day. In this embodiment, the size of the preset comparison period is not limited. At the end of each comparison period, the deviation value will be recorded and accumulated to form a target damage deviation set. The accumulation of the deviation set is used for subsequent trend analysis to observe the change of damage over time.

[0188] It can be understood that, taking temperature as an example, the damage deviation value is calculated as follows:

[0189] For anomaly detection of temperature rise:

[0190]

[0191] For anomaly detection of temperature drop:

[0192]

[0193] In the formula, x t is the temperature or pressure data at the current moment, X0 is the reference value, and k is the tolerance to avoid normal small fluctuations triggering warnings. and is the cumulative sum at time t, which is used to detect positive and negative sudden anomalies respectively.

[0194] The warning threshold is the cumulative sum statistic and The set threshold, when the cumulative sum exceeds the threshold, it is considered a sudden abnormality. This threshold can be set based on the volatility of historical data and the actual operation of the boiler. For example, if the temperature cumulative sum exceeds the set 3℃ cumulative amount, it may be a precursor to leakage or structural problems.

[0195] Step S534, obtaining a damage deviation trend according to the target damage deviation set;

[0196] It should be noted that the damage deviation trend indicates the growth or change trend of the damage, such as whether it is gradually increasing or remaining stable.

[0197] It can be understood that by analyzing the data in the target damage deviation set, the growth pattern of the damage, such as linear growth, periodic fluctuation or abnormal rise, can be observed, thereby forming a damage deviation trend.

[0198] Step S535: compare the damage deviation trend with a preset damage threshold to obtain a cumulative deviation.

[0199] It can be understood that the comparison process is: comparing the damage deviation trend data with the preset damage threshold. When the deviation trend exceeds the threshold or rapidly approaches the threshold, the system records the cumulative deviation. The cumulative deviation can be used for subsequent early warning judgments to indicate possible risk points.

[0200] Step S54, comparing the warning threshold and the accumulated deviation to determine the abnormal point of the monitoring point;

[0201] It should be noted that an abnormal point refers to a monitoring point where the cumulative deviation exceeds the warning threshold, indicating that the damage status of the point has exceeded the normal range.

[0202] It is understandable that the cumulative deviation value of the current monitoring point is first obtained and compared with the warning threshold. If the cumulative deviation is less than the warning threshold, it means that the damage level is still within the normal range and the system does not issue a warning. If the cumulative deviation reaches or exceeds the warning threshold, the system regards the monitoring point as an abnormal point, indicating that the damage accumulation of the monitoring point has exceeded the safety threshold and may cause a failure.

[0203] For example, if 310°C is set as a fixed threshold, an alarm will be triggered only when the temperature exceeds 310°C. Assume that the normal temperature fluctuation of the boiler is within the fixed threshold warning range of 300±2°C. If the temperature gradually rises but is always below 309°C, this method will not trigger an alarm and may miss potential fault warnings.

[0204] In the CUSUM algorithm, the baseline value is set to 300°C, the tolerance is 1°C, and the warning threshold, that is, the cumulative threshold, is 3°C. Even if the temperature deviates by less than 1°C each time, such as increasing from 300°C to 301°C and then to 302°C, if this small deviation continues for a period of time, the CUSUM will gradually accumulate until the total deviation exceeds 3°C, triggering an alarm. This can warn of a gradually rising temperature trend instead of waiting for a sudden temperature surge.

[0205] Step S55, generating a damage trend graph of the heated surface according to the abnormal point, and obtaining a damage warning result according to the damage trend graph of the heated surface.

[0206] It should be noted that, based on the identified abnormal points, the damage accumulation data of the monitoring points can be visualized. Set the time axis as the horizontal axis, the damage amount, or the cumulative deviation as the vertical axis, and draw the cumulative deviation value of each abnormal point on the graph. By connecting the damage data of these abnormal points, a damage trend line can be formed to show the changing trend of how the damage gradually accumulates over time. If there are multiple monitoring points, multiple trend graphs can be generated separately, or different colors and line types can be used in the same graph to display them separately, so as to compare the damage changes of each monitoring point.

[0207] It is understandable that the cumulative trend of damage can be analyzed based on the morphological characteristics of the trend graph. If the damage curve shows a rapid upward trend or fluctuates at a higher damage level, it indicates that the damage has a tendency to accumulate at an accelerated rate. An early warning signal is generated based on the proximity of the damage trend graph to the preset damage threshold. If the damage curve exceeds the damage threshold or rapidly approaches the threshold, a strong early warning will be issued, indicating that the damaged area needs to be inspected and maintained immediately. If the damage curve is still accumulating slowly within the tolerance range, a low-level early warning will be generated, and the development of the damage needs to be closely monitored.

[0208] This embodiment provides a method for early warning of damage to the heating surface of a boiler. By applying the cumulative sum control chart strategy and the technical means of damage threshold analysis, the problem of early identification and early warning of damage to the heating surface of the boiler is solved, and the beneficial effects of early detection of damage trends, accurate early warning and enhanced boiler operation safety are achieved. Through this method, small changes in damage can be effectively monitored, and abnormal trends of damage accumulation can be identified in a timely manner, so that preventive measures can be taken before the damage develops to a critical state, reducing potential failure risks and improving the operating efficiency of the boiler and the timeliness of maintenance.

[0209] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to understand the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the damage warning method for the heating surface of the boiler of the present application. More simple transformations based on this technical concept are all within the protection scope of the present application.

[0210] This application also provides a boiler heating surface damage warning device, please refer to Figure 6 , the boiler heating surface damage warning device comprises:

[0211] An acquisition module 10 is used to acquire preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface;

[0212] Establishing module 20, used to establish a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data, and establish a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data;

[0213] A calculation module 30, configured to calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data, and obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0214] An obtaining module 40 is used to obtain the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model;

[0215] The early warning module 50 is used to establish a heating surface damage trend diagram according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface, and obtain a damage early warning result according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

[0216] The damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the present application adopts the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler in the above-mentioned embodiment, which can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and evaluate the overall damage state, thereby failing to effectively realize the damage warning of the heating surface. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the other technical features of the damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler are the same as the features disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which will not be repeated here.

[0217] In one embodiment, the early warning module 50 is also used to determine a preset tolerance value, a preset damage threshold and a warning threshold according to the accumulation and control chart strategy; obtain the initial damage state of the monitoring point according to the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface; calculate the cumulative deviation according to the preset tolerance value, the preset damage threshold and the initial damage state to obtain the cumulative deviation; compare the warning threshold and the cumulative deviation to determine the abnormal point of the monitoring point; generate a heating surface damage trend graph according to the abnormal point, and obtain a damage warning result according to the heating surface damage trend graph.

[0218] In one embodiment, the early warning module 50 is further used to obtain a tolerance range based on the preset tolerance value and the preset damage threshold; compare the initial damage state with the tolerance range to obtain a damage deviation value; record the damage deviation value in a preset comparison period to obtain a target damage deviation set; obtain a damage deviation trend based on the target damage deviation set; compare the damage deviation trend with the preset damage threshold to obtain a cumulative deviation.

[0219] In one embodiment, the obtaining module 40 is also used to determine the damage state and damage rate of the monitoring point according to the damage amount of the monitoring point; determine the diffusion rate of the monitoring point according to the damage state and the damage rate; determine the damage diffusion path of the monitoring point according to the damage diffusion model; obtain the damage influence range according to the damage diffusion path and the diffusion rate; and determine the comprehensive damage amount according to the damage influence range.

[0220] In one embodiment, the calculation module 30 is also used to calculate single damage based on the damage model and the current monitoring point data, and the single damage includes creep damage, corrosion damage, fatigue damage and wear damage; obtain the impact degree, occurrence rate and detectability of the single damage based on historical fault data; obtain the risk priority based on the impact degree, the occurrence rate and the detectability; determine the weight of the single damage based on the risk priority, and the weight includes creep weight, corrosion weight, fatigue weight and wear weight; calculate the monitoring point damage amount based on the single damage and the weight.

[0221] In one embodiment, the establishment module 20 is also used to obtain the material constant, stress index, gas constant, temperature, corrosion constant, current time, fatigue damage accumulation factor, preset cycle, endurance limit, wear coefficient and material hardness of the boiler heating surface; according to the preset monitoring point data, stress, creep activation energy, corrosion activation energy, wear volume, normal force and sliding distance are obtained; a creep model is constructed according to the material constant, the stress index, the gas constant, the temperature, the stress and the activation energy; a corrosion model is constructed according to the corrosion constant, the current time, the corrosion activation energy, the gas constant and the temperature; a fatigue model is constructed according to the fatigue damage accumulation factor, the preset cycle and the endurance limit; a wear model is constructed according to the wear coefficient, the material hardness, the wear volume, the normal force and the sliding distance; a damage model is established according to the creep model, the corrosion model, the fatigue model and the wear model.

[0222] In one embodiment, the establishment module 20 is further used to obtain the first monitoring point position and the second monitoring point position; obtain the monitoring point distance according to the first monitoring point position and the second monitoring point position;

[0223] A damage diffusion coefficient and a historical damage amount are obtained according to the historical fault data; and a damage diffusion model is established according to the monitoring point distance, the damage diffusion coefficient and the historical damage amount.

[0224] The present application provides a boiler heating surface damage warning device, the boiler heating surface damage warning device includes: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the boiler heating surface damage warning method in the above-mentioned embodiment one.

[0225] Reference below Figure 7 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a boiler heating surface damage warning device suitable for implementing the embodiment of the present application. The boiler heating surface damage warning device in the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptop computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Descriptions), PMPs (Portable Media Players), vehicle-mounted terminals (such as vehicle-mounted navigation terminals), etc., and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, etc. Figure 7 The damage warning device for the boiler heating surface shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the function and scope of use of the embodiment of the present application.

[0226] like Figure 7As shown, the damage warning device for the heating surface of the boiler may include a processing device 1001 (such as a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 to a random access memory (RAM) 1004. Various programs and data required for the operation of the damage warning device for the heating surface of the boiler are also stored in the RAM 1004. The processing device 1001, the ROM 1002, and the RAM 1004 are connected to each other via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems may be connected to the I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, a touch screen, a touchpad, a keyboard, a mouse, an image sensor, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and communication devices 1009. The communication device 1009 may allow the damage warning device for the heating surface of the boiler to communicate with other devices wirelessly or by wire to exchange data. Although the figure shows the damage warning device for the heating surface of the boiler with various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all the systems shown. More or fewer systems may be implemented or have instead.

[0227] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments disclosed in the present application include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication device, or installed from a storage device 1003, or installed from a ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 1001, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiment disclosed in the present application are executed.

[0228] The damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the present application adopts the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler in the above-mentioned embodiment, which can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and evaluate the overall damage state, thereby failing to effectively realize the damage warning of the heating surface. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the damage warning method for the heating surface of a boiler provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the other technical features of the damage warning device for the heating surface of a boiler are the same as the features disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0229] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0230] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0231] The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (ie, computer programs) stored thereon, and the computer-readable program instructions are used to execute the boiler heating surface damage warning method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0232] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the present application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, systems or devices, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, system or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0233] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the damage warning device for the heating surface of the boiler; or may exist independently without being assembled into the damage warning device for the heating surface of the boiler.

[0234] The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the damage warning device for the boiler heating surface, the damage warning device for the boiler heating surface: obtains preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data, and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface;

[0235] Establishing a damage model based on the preset monitoring point data, and establishing a damage diffusion model based on the historical fault data;

[0236] Calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point;

[0237] Obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model;

[0238] A heating surface damage trend diagram is established according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and a damage warning result is obtained according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

[0239] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present application may be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0240] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0241] The modules involved in the embodiments described in this application may be implemented by software or hardware, wherein the name of the module does not constitute a limitation on the unit itself in some cases.

[0242] The readable storage medium provided by the present application is a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., computer programs) for executing the above-mentioned boiler heating surface damage warning method, which can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and evaluate the overall damage state, thereby failing to effectively implement the damage warning of the heating surface. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the boiler heating surface damage warning method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0243] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the steps of the above-mentioned boiler heating surface damage warning method when executed by a processor.

[0244] The computer program product provided by the present application can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately distinguish the independent effects of multiple damage mechanisms and evaluate the overall damage state, thereby failing to effectively implement damage warning of the heating surface. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the damage warning method for the heating surface of the boiler provided by the above embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0245] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A boiler heating surface damage early warning method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface; Establishing a damage model based on the preset monitoring point data, and establishing a damage diffusion model based on the historical fault data; Calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point; Obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model; A heating surface damage trend diagram is established according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and a damage warning result is obtained according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of establishing a heating surface damage trend diagram according to the cumulative sum control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the heating surface of the boiler, and obtaining a damage warning result according to the heating surface damage trend diagram include: Determine the preset tolerance value, preset damage threshold and warning threshold according to the cumulative and control chart strategy; According to the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface, an initial damage state of the monitoring point is obtained; Calculate the cumulative deviation according to the preset tolerance value, the preset damage threshold and the initial damage state to obtain the cumulative deviation; Comparing the early warning threshold with the accumulated deviation to determine the abnormal point of the monitoring point; A damage trend diagram of the heated surface is generated according to the abnormal points, and a damage warning result is obtained according to the damage trend diagram of the heated surface.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of calculating the cumulative deviation according to the preset tolerance value, the preset damage threshold and the initial damage state to obtain the cumulative deviation comprises: Obtaining a tolerance range according to the preset tolerance value and the preset damage threshold; Comparing the initial damage state with the tolerance range to obtain a damage deviation value; In a preset comparison period, the damage deviation value is recorded to obtain a target damage deviation set; According to the target damage deviation set, a damage deviation trend is obtained; The damage deviation trend is compared with a preset damage threshold to obtain a cumulative deviation.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model comprises: Determining the damage state and damage rate of the monitoring point according to the damage amount of the monitoring point; Determining a diffusion rate of a monitoring point according to the damage state and the damage rate; Determining the damage diffusion path of the monitoring point according to the damage diffusion model; Obtaining a damage impact range according to the damage diffusion path and the diffusion rate; The comprehensive damage amount is determined according to the damage impact range.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of calculating the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point comprises: Calculate single damage according to the damage model and the current monitoring point data, wherein the single damage includes creep damage, corrosion damage, fatigue damage and wear damage; Obtain the impact, occurrence rate and detectability of single damage based on historical fault data; Obtaining risk priority according to the impact degree, the occurrence rate, and the detectability; Determining the weight of the single damage according to the risk priority, the weight including creep weight, corrosion weight, fatigue weight and wear weight; The damage amount of the monitoring point is calculated according to the single damage and the weight.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of establishing a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data includes: Obtain the material constant, stress index, gas constant, temperature, corrosion constant, current time, fatigue damage accumulation factor, preset cycle, endurance limit, wear coefficient and material hardness of the boiler heating surface; According to the preset monitoring point data, stress, creep activation energy, corrosion activation energy, wear volume, normal force and sliding distance are obtained; Constructing a creep model according to the material constant, the stress exponent, the gas constant, the temperature, the stress, and the activation energy; Constructing a corrosion model according to the corrosion constant, the current time, the corrosion activation energy, the gas constant and the temperature; Constructing a fatigue model according to the fatigue damage accumulation factor, the preset cycle and the durability limit; constructing a wear model according to the wear coefficient, the material hardness, the wear volume, the normal force and the sliding distance; A damage model is established according to the creep model, the corrosion model, the fatigue model and the wear model.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of establishing a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data include: Obtaining the position of the first monitoring point and the position of the second monitoring point; Obtaining a monitoring point distance according to the first monitoring point position and the second monitoring point position; Obtaining a damage diffusion coefficient and a historical damage amount according to the historical fault data; A damage diffusion model is established according to the monitoring point distance, the damage diffusion coefficient and the historical damage amount.

8. A boiler heating surface damage warning device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is used to acquire preset monitoring point data, current monitoring point data and historical fault data of the boiler heating surface; An establishment module, used to establish a damage model according to the preset monitoring point data, and to establish a damage diffusion model according to the historical fault data; A calculation module, used to calculate the damage of the monitoring point according to the damage model, the failure mode impact strategy, the current monitoring point data and the historical fault data to obtain the damage amount of the monitoring point; An obtaining module, used for obtaining the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface according to the damage amount of the monitoring point and the damage diffusion model; The early warning module is used to establish a heating surface damage trend diagram according to the cumulative and control diagram strategy and the comprehensive damage of the boiler heating surface, and obtain a damage early warning result according to the heating surface damage trend diagram.

9. A boiler heating surface damage warning device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the boiler heating surface damage warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the boiler heating surface damage warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

Images