Water conservancy project planning method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engineering planning, and particularly discloses a hydraulic engineering planning method and system. Historical data of hydrology, geography, climate and land utilization in a water conservancy project planning area are collected to serve as the design basis of the water conservancy project, an environment simulation reality planning area model is established according to the hydrology, the geography and the climate, then the historical data of the land utilization are imported into the planning area model, and the data of the water conservancy project planning area in efficient land utilization are calculated. According to the method, the minimum irrigation water quantity is required under the condition that the economic benefit of the land is maximized, then a water conservancy project is designed according to the minimum irrigation water quantity, a diversion canal of the water conservancy project is designed firstly, then an irrigation system, a drainage system and a water storage project are designed according to a diversion canal scheme, and the design scheme of the water conservancy project is completed; a set of water conservancy project meeting the novel farmland water demand is formed, the agricultural production efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the economic benefits of the farmland are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of engineering planning, and in particular relates to a water conservancy engineering planning method and system. Background Art

[0003] With the large-scale renovation of farmland, the water conservancy and irrigation facilities of old farmland also need to be re-planned. Farmland water conservancy infrastructure is of great significance to ensuring food security and promoting agricultural modernization. Some old water conservancy facilities cannot meet the use needs of new farmland, and there are problems such as incomplete supporting facilities and water waste, which affects agricultural production efficiency and reduces the economic benefits of farmland. It is necessary to re-plan the irrigation water conservancy projects of farmland. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water conservancy project planning method and system to solve the problem of backward farmland water conservancy irrigation projects, which reduces agricultural production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A water conservancy project planning method, comprising:

[0007] S1. Collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the water conservancy project planning area, and establish a planning area model based on the historical data on hydrology, geography and climate;

[0008] S2. Input the land use data into the planning area model to calculate the minimum irrigation water volume to maximize the economic benefits of the land;

[0009] S3. Plan water conservancy projects that meet the minimum irrigation water volume and design water diversion channels for conveying water;

[0010] S4. Design irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project according to the design plan of water diversion channel, and determine the design plan of water conservancy project;

[0011] S5. Input the engineering design schemes of the irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project into the planning area model, conduct simulation analysis and judge the rationality of the engineering planning.

[0012] Preferably, in S1, the hydrological historical data of the planning area include precipitation, the direction and flow of rivers in the area, and water level changes; the geographical historical data of the planning area include topography and water body distribution; the climate historical data of the planning area include temperature and its seasonal variation patterns and precipitation frequency; the historical data of land use include soil water storage capacity and its seasonal variation patterns, planted crop varieties, evapotranspiration of planted crops and its seasonal variation patterns.

[0013] Preferably, in S2, the minimum irrigation water volume of the planning area model is expressed as Q=ETc+WP, where:

[0014] Q is the minimum irrigation water volume,

[0015] ETc represents crop evaporation, which is expressed in the form of ETc=ETo×Kc, where ETo=0.408×Δ×(Rn-G)+γ×900 / (T+273)×u2×(es-ea) / Δ+0.34×u2, ETo represents the standard evapotranspiration of the reference crop, Δ represents the difference between the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure, Rn represents the net radiation, G represents the soil heat flux, γ represents the psychological constant, T represents the average temperature, u2 represents the wind speed at 2 meters, es represents the saturated vapor pressure, ea represents the actual vapor pressure, and Kc represents the crop coefficient.

[0016] W is the soil water storage capacity, which can be expressed as W = 10aγh, where a is the soil mass moisture content, γ is the soil bulk density, and h is the soil depth.

[0017] P is the precipitation.

[0018] Preferably, in S3, the specific steps of designing the water diversion channel include:

[0019] Select a water source with higher terrain within the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and choose a flat land near the water source as the water inlet of the water diversion channel;

[0020] Select a water source with low terrain within the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and choose a flat land near the water source as the drainage outlet of the water diversion channel;

[0021] According to the annual water demand of crops, the farmland in the water conservancy project planning area is divided into different regional blocks, and the irrigation water demand center line is determined in the water conservancy project planning area. The annual demand of the regional blocks on both sides of the irrigation water demand center line is equal;

[0022] Connect the two ends of the irrigation water demand centerline to the water inlet and the water outlet of the diversion channel in a straight line to serve as the pre-designed diversion channel route;

[0023] The pre-designed water diversion channel route is revised based on the comprehensive cost of water diversion channel construction and the cost of diverting water to the fields for irrigation, and the design route of the water diversion channel is determined.

[0024] Preferably, the water diversion channel is designed in sections according to the height difference between the water inlet and the water diversion channel outlet, and the slope of each section of the water diversion channel is set to 0.1% to 1%. The minimum irrigation water flow is calculated from the minimum irrigation water volume as the design flow of the water diversion channel. The minimum irrigation water flow Q min =QT1 / T2, where Q is the minimum irrigation water volume, T1 is the irrigation cycle, and T2 is the duration of a single irrigation. Then, according to the minimum irrigation water flow Q minDesign the water flow velocity and cross-sectional shape of the aqueduct.

[0025] Preferably, in S4, according to the planting requirements of crops in the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, an irrigation system for diverting water from the water diversion channel to the field is pre-designed, and then a drainage system for preventing soil salinization is designed according to the groundwater level in the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and a water storage project is constructed at the source of the water diversion channel according to the dry season flow rate of the water diversion channel and the crop water demand in the dry season.

[0026] A water conservancy project planning system, comprising:

[0027] Data collection module, used to collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the water conservancy project planning area;

[0028] A modeling module for building a planning area model based on historical data on hydrology, geography, and climate;

[0029] The planning and design module is used to calculate the water demand in the water conservancy project planning area and plan the water conservancy projects that meet the water demand within the planning area model according to the water demand;

[0030] The simulation analysis module is used to perform mechanical analysis and simulation analysis on water conservancy projects within the planning area model.

[0031] An electronic device, comprising:

[0032] processor;

[0033] A memory storing one or more computer program modules;

[0034] The one or more computer program modules are configured to be executed by the processor to implement a water conservancy project planning system.

[0035] A computer-readable storage medium stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a computer, a water conservancy project planning system can be executed.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention first collects historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the planning area of ​​the water conservancy project as a design basis for the water conservancy project, first establishes a planning area model that simulates reality based on the hydrology, geography and climate, then imports the historical land use data into the planning area model, calculates the minimum irrigation water volume required for efficient land use to maximize the economic benefits of the land, and then designs the water conservancy project based on the minimum irrigation water volume, first designs the water diversion channel of the water conservancy project, and then designs the irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project based on the water diversion channel plan to complete the design plan of the water conservancy project, starting from the actual water demand of the land, based on the minimum cost, and pursuing the goal of maximum economic benefit, designs and constructs the water conservancy irrigation project, and forms a set of water conservancy projects that meet the water demand of new farmland, while improving agricultural production efficiency and increasing the economic benefits of farmland. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the water conservancy project planning method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the water conservancy project planning system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example:

[0042] See also Figure 1 , a water conservancy project planning method, comprising:

[0043] S1. Collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the water conservancy project planning area, and establish a planning area model based on the historical data on hydrology, geography and climate;

[0044] S2. Input the historical land use data into the planning area model to calculate the minimum irrigation water volume under the condition of maximizing the economic benefits of the land;

[0045] S3. Plan water conservancy projects that meet the minimum irrigation water volume and design water diversion channels for conveying water;

[0046] S4. Design irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project according to the design plan of water diversion channel, and determine the design plan of water conservancy project;

[0047] S5. Input the engineering design schemes of the irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project into the planning area model, conduct simulation analysis and judge the rationality of the engineering planning.

[0048] First, collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the planning area of ​​the water conservancy project as the design basis for the water conservancy project. First, establish a planning area model that simulates the reality of the environment based on the hydrology, geography and climate. Then import the historical land use data into the planning area model to calculate the minimum irrigation water required for efficient land use and maximizing the economic benefits of the land. Then, design the water conservancy project based on the minimum irrigation water volume. First, design the water diversion channel of the water conservancy project, and then design the irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project based on the water diversion channel plan to complete the design plan of the water conservancy project. Finally, conduct simulation analysis on the design plan of the water conservancy project to judge the rationality of the project planning, and make corresponding design adjustments according to actual needs and simulation results. Starting from the actual water demand of the land, based on the minimum cost and the pursuit of the maximum economic benefit goal, design and build water conservancy irrigation projects to form a set of water conservancy projects that meet the water demand of new farmland, improve agricultural production efficiency, and increase the economic benefits of farmland.

[0049] In S1, the hydrological historical data of the planning area include precipitation, the direction and flow of rivers in the area, and water level changes; the geographical historical data of the planning area include topography and water body distribution; the climate historical data of the planning area include temperature and its seasonal variation patterns and precipitation frequency; the historical data of land use include soil water storage capacity and its seasonal variation patterns, planted crop varieties, evapotranspiration of planted crops and their seasonal variation patterns.

[0050] In S2, the minimum irrigation water volume of the planning area model is expressed as Q = ETc + WP, where:

[0051] Q is the minimum irrigation water volume,

[0052] ETc represents crop evaporation, which is expressed in the form of ETc=ETo×Kc, where ETo=0.408×Δ×(Rn-G)+γ×900 / (T+273)×u2×(es-ea) / Δ+0.34×u2, ETo represents the standard evapotranspiration of the reference crop, Δ represents the difference between the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure, Rn represents the net radiation, G represents the soil heat flux, γ represents the psychological constant, T represents the average temperature, u2 represents the wind speed at 2 meters, es represents the saturated vapor pressure, ea represents the actual vapor pressure, and Kc represents the crop coefficient.

[0053] W is the soil water storage capacity, which can be expressed as W = 10aγh, where a is the soil mass moisture content, γ is the soil bulk density, and h is the soil depth.

[0054] P is the precipitation.

[0055] First, determine the minimum amount of irrigation water required to maximize the economic benefits of the farmland area, and use this as the basis for designing the water conservancy project. When designing the water conservancy project, make corresponding redundant designs based on the minimum irrigation water volume, so that the water conservancy project can always meet the water supply demand of the minimum irrigation water volume during the design life cycle.

[0056] In S3, the specific steps of designing the water diversion channel include:

[0057] Select a water source with higher terrain within the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and choose a flat land near the water source as the water inlet of the water diversion channel;

[0058] Select a water source with low terrain within the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and choose a flat land near the water source as the drainage outlet of the water diversion channel;

[0059] According to the annual water demand of crops, the farmland in the water conservancy project planning area is divided into different regional blocks, and the irrigation water demand center line is determined in the water conservancy project planning area. The annual demand of the regional blocks on both sides of the irrigation water demand center line is equal;

[0060] Connect the two ends of the irrigation water demand centerline to the water inlet and water outlet of the diversion channel as the pre-designed diversion channel route. The diversion channel outlet and the diversion channel inlet should be set on both sides of the water conservancy project planning area as much as possible to facilitate the diversion channel route to penetrate and radiate the entire planning area;

[0061] The pre-designed water diversion channel route is revised based on the comprehensive water diversion channel construction cost and water diversion to field irrigation cost. The water diversion channel design route is determined under the premise of minimizing the construction cost and irrigation cost.

[0062] The diversion channel is designed in sections according to the height difference between the water inlet and the outlet of the diversion channel. The slope of each diversion channel section is set to 0.1% to 1%. The terrain difference is effectively used to guide the flow of irrigation water inside the channel, saving water pump energy consumption. The minimum irrigation water flow is calculated from the minimum irrigation water volume as the design flow of the diversion channel. The minimum irrigation water flow Q min =QT1 / T2, where Q is the minimum irrigation water volume, T1 is the irrigation cycle, and T2 is the duration of a single irrigation. Then, according to the minimum irrigation water flow Q min When designing the water velocity and cross-sectional shape of the water diversion channel, it is necessary to consider the evaporation and external infiltration of the water diversion channel. min Based on the designed water flow velocity and cross-sectional shape of the water diversion channel, some redundant designs are made to ensure that the actual flow of the water diversion channel can meet the usage requirements.

[0063] In S4, according to the planting requirements of crops in the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, an irrigation system for diverting water from the water diversion channel to the field is pre-designed. According to different crop needs and different economic benefits, irrigation systems such as flooding, sprinkler irrigation or drip irrigation can be built. Then, according to the groundwater level in the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, a drainage system is designed to prevent soil salinization, so as to prevent the salinization of soil inside the planned area due to the rising water level in the flood season. According to the dry season flow of the water diversion channel and the crop water demand in the dry season, a water storage project is built at the source of the water diversion channel, water is transported to the water storage project in the flood season, and the stored water in the water storage project is used to supplement the water flow of the water diversion channel in the dry season.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 , a water conservancy project planning system, comprising:

[0065] Data collection module, used to collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the water conservancy project planning area;

[0066] A modeling module for building a planning area model based on historical data on hydrology, geography, and climate;

[0067] The planning and design module is used to calculate the water demand in the water conservancy project planning area and plan the water conservancy projects that meet the water demand within the planning area model according to the water demand;

[0068] The simulation analysis module is used to perform mechanical analysis and simulation analysis on water conservancy projects within the planning area model.

[0069] An electronic device, comprising:

[0070] processor;

[0071] A memory storing one or more computer program modules;

[0072] The one or more computer program modules are configured to be executed by the processor to implement a water conservancy project planning system.

[0073] A computer-readable storage medium stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a computer, a water conservancy project planning system can be executed.

[0074] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0075] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A water conservancy project planning method, characterized in that: include: S1. Collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the water conservancy project planning area, and establish a planning area model based on the historical data on hydrology, geography and climate; S2. Input the historical land use data into the planning area model to calculate the minimum irrigation water volume under the condition of maximizing the economic benefits of the land; S3. Plan water conservancy projects that meet the minimum irrigation water volume and design water diversion channels for conveying water; S4. Design irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project according to the design plan of water diversion channel, and determine the design plan of water conservancy project; S5. Input the engineering design schemes of the irrigation system, drainage system and water storage project into the planning area model, conduct simulation analysis and judge the rationality of the engineering planning.

2. A water conservancy project planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the hydrological historical data of the planning area include precipitation, the direction and flow of rivers in the area, and water level changes; the geographical historical data of the planning area include topography and water body distribution; the climate historical data of the planning area include temperature and its seasonal variation patterns and precipitation frequency; the historical data of land use include soil water storage capacity and its seasonal variation patterns, planted crop varieties, evapotranspiration of planted crops and their seasonal variation patterns.

3. A water conservancy project planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the minimum irrigation water volume of the planning area model is expressed as Q = ETc + WP, where: Q is the minimum irrigation water volume, ETc represents crop evaporation, which is expressed in the form of ETc=ETo×Kc, where ETo=0.408×Δ×(Rn-G)+γ×900 / (T+273)×u2×(es-ea) / Δ+0.34×u2, ETo represents the standard evapotranspiration of the reference crop, Δ represents the difference between the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure, Rn represents the net radiation, G represents the soil heat flux, γ represents the psychological constant, T represents the average temperature, u2 represents the wind speed at 2 meters, es represents the saturated vapor pressure, ea represents the actual vapor pressure, and Kc represents the crop coefficient. W is the soil water storage capacity, which can be expressed as W = 10aγh, where a is the soil mass moisture content, γ is the soil bulk density, and h is the soil depth. P is the precipitation.

4. A water conservancy project planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the specific steps of designing the water diversion channel include: Select a water source with higher terrain within the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and choose a flat land near the water source as the water inlet of the water diversion channel; Select a water source with low terrain within the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, and choose a flat land near the water source as the drainage outlet of the water diversion channel; According to the annual water demand of crops, the farmland in the water conservancy project planning area is divided into different regional blocks, and the irrigation water demand center line is determined in the water conservancy project planning area. The annual demand of the regional blocks on both sides of the irrigation water demand center line is equal; Connect the two ends of the irrigation water demand centerline to the water inlet and the water outlet of the diversion channel in a straight line to serve as the pre-designed diversion channel route; The pre-designed water diversion channel route is revised based on the comprehensive cost of water diversion channel construction and the cost of diverting water to the fields for irrigation, and the design route of the water diversion channel is determined.

5. A water conservancy project planning method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diversion channel is designed in sections according to the height difference between the water inlet and the outlet of the diversion channel. The slope of each diversion channel section is set to 0.1% to 1%. The minimum irrigation water flow is calculated from the minimum irrigation water volume as the design flow of the diversion channel. The minimum irrigation water flow Q min =QT1 / T2, where Q is the minimum irrigation water volume, T1 is the irrigation cycle, and T2 is the duration of a single irrigation. min Design the water flow velocity and cross-sectional shape of the aqueduct.

6. A water conservancy project planning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, according to the planting requirements of crops in the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project, an irrigation system that draws water from the water diversion channel to the field is pre-designed, and then a drainage system is designed according to the groundwater level in the planned area of ​​the water conservancy project. According to the dry season flow of the water diversion channel and the crop water demand in the dry season, a water storage project is built at the source of the water diversion channel.

7. A water conservancy project planning system, characterized in that: include: Data collection module, used to collect historical data on hydrology, geography, climate and land use within the water conservancy project planning area; A modeling module for building a planning area model based on historical data on hydrology, geography, and climate; The planning and design module is used to calculate the water demand in the water conservancy project planning area and plan the water conservancy projects that meet the water demand within the planning area model according to the water demand; The simulation analysis module is used to perform mechanical analysis and simulation analysis on water conservancy projects within the planning area model.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory storing one or more computer program modules; Wherein, the one or more computer program modules are configured to be executed by the processor to implement a water conservancy project planning system as described in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Non-transitory computer-readable instructions are stored, and when the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a computer, a water conservancy project planning system as described in claim 7 can be executed.

Images