Temporomandibular joint motion simulation device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device and a temporomandibular joint motion simulation method, relates to the field of medical teaching equipment, and aims to solve the problem that existing temporomandibular joint simulators are limited in function to affect understanding and perception of temporomandibular joints during teaching. The sounding element is used for simulating the sound of the temporomandibular joint, so that the vibration condition of the temporomandibular joint can be dynamically observed, the sound generated when the temporomandibular joint moves can be heard, corresponding force feedback can be felt in the operation process, safe and repeatable practice opportunities are provided, and the understanding and perception of the temporomandibular joint are improved; and the direct sense of learning and training is strong, and the mobility is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical teaching equipment, and in particular to a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device and method. Background Art

[0002] The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a key joint responsible for functions such as chewing and speech. It is also one of the most complex joints in the human body. Its movements are flexible and complex, including sliding and rotational movements. When this joint is diseased, it needs to be diagnosed through a variety of examination methods, among which palpation examination is an important part. Traditional experimental teaching methods have problems such as equipment limitations, high costs and safety hazards, and the lack of feedback in simulation devices limits students' learning of the temporomandibular joint.

[0003] A feedback-adjustable temporomandibular joint motion simulator and experimental method are disclosed in a Chinese patent (publication number CN 116612685 B). The temporomandibular joint simulator mentioned includes a skull model and a mandibular model, a bionic joint disc, a first bionic muscle, a motion information feedback device, and a data processor, which can simulate a specific temporomandibular motion trajectory in a personalized manner, thereby realizing the evaluation of the performance of a personalized artificial temporomandibular joint. It is mainly aimed at the evaluation of the performance of the temporomandibular joint, that is, the activity trajectory, the range of activity, etc. Although the existing temporomandibular joint simulator has played a certain auxiliary role in oral medicine teaching, there are still some problems that make it difficult to meet the teaching needs. Due to the lack of simulation of the real vibration of the temporomandibular joint, it is difficult to truly feel the vibration characteristics of the temporomandibular joint during teaching, and it is difficult to provide corresponding sound feedback when simulating the diseased temporomandibular joint, thereby affecting the understanding and perception of the temporomandibular joint, the direct sensory nature of learning and training is not strong, and the transferability is poor. It often requires subsequent long-term additional learning to master it, which affects the teaching effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a temporomandibular joint movement simulation device and method in response to the defects of the prior art, which utilizes a vibration element to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint and a sound element to simulate the sound of the temporomandibular joint. The present invention can dynamically observe the vibration of the temporomandibular joint, hear the sound of the temporomandibular joint movement, and feel the corresponding force feedback during the operation, thereby providing a safe and repeatable practice opportunity, improving the understanding and perception of the temporomandibular joint, and making the learning and training more direct and sensory, and having good transferability.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device, which adopts the following scheme:

[0006] include:

[0007] The head model includes a matching skull model and a mandibular model, and a temporomandibular joint model is provided at the matching position;

[0008] A feedback component, including a vibration element and a sound generating element mounted on the headform, which are respectively connected to a controller;

[0009] An acquisition component is used to obtain the relative position information of the mandibular model and the skull model and send it to the controller;

[0010] The controller is used to control the operation of the vibration element and / or the sound-generating element according to the acquired relative position information.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration component is installed in the head mold to drive the head mold to vibrate to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint when it moves in different states.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibration element is installed on the skull model and the mandibular model.

[0013] The second object of the present invention is to provide an experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device as described in the first object, comprising:

[0014] Installing a feedback component and a collection component on the head model, and connecting the feedback component and the collection component to the controller respectively;

[0015] The controller is used to select the temporomandibular joint state to be simulated, and the controller matches the correspondence between the temporomandibular joint state and the temporomandibular joint motion state information;

[0016] Adjust the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model. The acquisition component obtains the relative position information of the mandibular model and the skull model in real time, and outputs control signals of the vibration element and the sound element according to the corresponding relationship to make the vibration element and / or the sound element work to simulate the vibration and / or sound of the temporomandibular joint in this relative position.

[0017] Furthermore, the acquisition of the temporomandibular joint motion state information includes:

[0018] Based on a temporomandibular joint state, the vibration information and sound information of the temporomandibular joint when the mandible and the head move relative to each other are collected, and the matching relationship between the relative position of the mandible and the head and the vibration and sound of the temporomandibular joint is obtained as the temporomandibular joint movement state information under the temporomandibular joint state. The relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model corresponds to the relative position of the mandible and the skull.

[0019] Furthermore, the matching relationships under various temporomandibular joint states are obtained to form a corresponding relationship between the temporomandibular joint state and the temporomandibular joint motion state information, and the corresponding relationship is stored in the controller.

[0020] Furthermore, the vibration element outputs a vibration effect to drive the mandibular model and / or the skull model to vibrate, and the sound-generating element can output joint clicking audio.

[0021] Furthermore, the vibration element can output vibration effects of various frequencies and amplitudes to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint during movement, and the sound-generating element can simulate the snapping sound of the temporomandibular joint during movement.

[0022] Furthermore, the acquisition component acquires the movement of the mandibular model of the head model, thereby obtaining the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model.

[0023] Furthermore, the temporomandibular joint model has a damping effect, which can block the relative movement between the mandibular model and the skull model.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0025] In view of the problem that the current temporomandibular joint simulator has limited functions and affects the understanding and perception of the temporomandibular joint during teaching, a vibration element is used to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint, and a sound element is used to simulate the sound of the temporomandibular joint. The vibration of the temporomandibular joint can be dynamically observed, the sound of the temporomandibular joint movement can be heard, and the corresponding force feedback can be felt during the operation. This provides a safe and repeatable practice opportunity, improves the understanding and perception of the temporomandibular joint, and has a strong direct sensory and good transferability for learning and training.

[0026] Simulated vibrations provide physical information about joint movement and structural changes, while simulated sounds provide auditory information about joint friction and impact, providing a more comprehensive sensory experience to help students and doctors better understand patients' feelings and experiences.

[0027] Vibration simulation and sound simulation can assist teaching and help students learn how to identify and interpret the sounds and vibrations of different types of temporomandibular conditions, thereby improving their diagnostic skills. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 1. Head model; 2. Audio; 3. Vibration signal; 4. Mechanical vibration; 5. Controller; 6. Sound card. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Example 1

[0032] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device is provided.

[0033] The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a key joint responsible for functions such as chewing and language. When this joint is diseased, it needs to be diagnosed through a variety of examination methods, among which palpation examination is an important part. Traditional experimental teaching methods have problems such as equipment limitations, high costs and safety hazards, and the lack of feedback simulation devices limits students' real feeling of the vibration of the temporomandibular joint. Based on this, the present embodiment provides a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device, which uses a vibration element to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint and a sound element to simulate the sound of the temporomandibular joint. It can dynamically observe the vibration of the temporomandibular joint, hear the sound of the temporomandibular joint when it moves, and feel the corresponding force feedback during the operation, providing safe and repeatable practice opportunities, improving the understanding and perception of the temporomandibular joint, and the learning and training are directly sensory and have good transferability.

[0034] It should be pointed out that when simulating the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), simulating its vibration and the sound during movement is crucial to improve the authenticity and educational effect of the simulation. For example, the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disease (TMD) include headaches, tenderness of the chewing muscles, and snapping or popping sounds in the joints. During the diagnosis process, doctors will evaluate the condition of the joints by listening and feeling the snapping or popping sounds. Therefore, simulating these sounds helps students understand the sounds of joints under different TMD states, so as to make a more accurate diagnosis. Simulating the temporomandibular joint not only opens and closes like a hinge, but also involves a variety of movements such as sliding. In this process, not only sounds are involved, but also some vibrations. Simulating these complex movements and accompanying vibrations can better reflect the real working state of the joint.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device mainly includes a head model 1, a feedback component, a collection component and a controller 5. It is intended to simulate the motion of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including its vibration and sound.

[0036] The head model 1 is composed of a matching skull model and a mandibular model. The two models need to be designed according to the proportions and anatomical structures of the real human body to ensure the authenticity of the simulation. A temporomandibular joint model is provided at the matching position of the skull model and the mandibular model. The temporomandibular joint model can accurately replicate the anatomical structure and movement characteristics of the real temporomandibular joint to facilitate the simulation of joint movement.

[0037] The feedback component includes a vibration element and a sound-generating element. The vibration element is responsible for simulating the vibration generated by the temporomandibular joint during movement. The element can be a dynamic element, an elastic element, a damping element, etc., and a suitable element is selected according to the vibration characteristics to be simulated. The vibration component is installed in the head mold 1 to drive the head mold 1 to vibrate to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint during movement in different states.

[0038] In this embodiment, the vibration element is installed on the skull model and the mandibular model. The vibration element can use an electromagnetic actuator to achieve precise vibration control; it can also use a piezoelectric actuator, using piezoelectric ceramics as an actuator and a sensor to achieve active vibration; the dynamic element can use a voice coil actuator to achieve precise vibration control. Simulation method: The vibration of the temporomandibular joint can be simulated by a dynamic element. The dynamic unit receives the electrical signal transmitted by the controller 5, drives the diaphragm to vibrate under the drive of the current, converts the electrical signal of the vibration information into a mechanical wave, and performs mechanical vibration 4 of the corresponding frequency and amplitude.

[0039] The sound-generating element is responsible for simulating the sound produced when the temporomandibular joint moves, such as the sound of the joint clicking. This can be achieved through a speaker or other sound generating device. Both the vibration element and the sound-generating element are connected to the controller 5 so as to work according to the instructions of the controller 5 and adjust the output of vibration and sound in real time according to the movement state of the mandible.

[0040] It should be pointed out that the importance of vibration simulation is that one of the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is the formation of vibroacoustic and electromyographic (sEMG) phenomena. Vibration analysis can improve differential diagnosis and can be an objective method to monitor the rehabilitation process of TMD. In addition, joint sounds are one of the main clinical symptoms of TMD, and joint sounds are often present in the normal population. According to the sonographic characteristics of joint sounds, the identification of joint sounds from the aspects of joint sound vibration energy, frequency, amplitude, and occurrence time is helpful to judge the functional status of TMJ.

[0041] Because both vibration and sound are produced by mechanical movement, they provide different information. Vibration provides physical information about joint movement and structural changes, while sound provides auditory information about joint friction and impact. Sound can provide diagnostic clues, and the sound emitted by the joint, such as snapping or popping, is one of the important diagnostic clues of TMD. Sound can help doctors determine the position and condition of the joint disc.

[0042] When there is a lesion in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), there may be abnormal noises when the jaw is rotated to a certain angle. This abnormal noise is usually caused by the displacement of the articular disc or changes in other structures in the joint. For example, reducible articular disc displacement: When the jaw moves, if the articular disc is displaced forward, a popping sound may occur during the mouth opening process. This displacement occurs at a certain angle of mouth opening. When the jaw continues to open, the articular disc may return to its normal position. This process may be accompanied by a popping or blasting sound. Irreducible articular disc displacement: In some cases, the articular disc may not return to its normal position when the jaw is opened. In this case, there may be no popping sound, but it may cause difficulty and pain in opening the mouth. Internal derangement: Internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint may cause the joint to make sounds at certain angles of movement. These sounds may be clicks, popping sounds, or friction sounds, usually when the mouth is opened wide or the jaw is moved to one side. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis may cause degeneration of the articular cartilage. Patients may feel or hear friction sounds in the temporomandibular joint when opening or closing their mouths.

[0043] Simulated sounds can provide a more comprehensive sensory experience, helping students and physicians better understand patients’ feelings and experiences. They can be used as an educational tool to help students learn how to identify and interpret the sounds of different types of TMD, thereby improving their diagnostic skills. Additionally, sound simulations can be used as research tools to help scientists study the pathological mechanisms of TMD and develop new treatments. Simulated sounds provide additional information and benefits that can help more fully understand and diagnose TMD.

[0044] The acquisition component is responsible for obtaining the relative position information of the mandibular model and the skull model. This can be achieved through various sensors, such as optical sensors, electromagnetic sensors or mechanical sensors, etc., to measure the opening, closing and offset state of the mandibular model relative to the skull model.

[0045] In other optional embodiments, the acquisition component may also use an optical positioning tracking system, which can record the mandibular movement of the head model 1. By installing markers on the head model 1, the position and angle changes of the mandibular during the movement can be tracked in real time. High-precision movement data can be provided, which is suitable for dynamic evaluation of the relative movement of the temporomandibular joint.

[0046] The acquisition component can also use an electronic face bow to record the trajectory of mandibular movement. By installing titanium pins on the upper and lower jaw models, the electronic face bow can measure the actual distance of the mandible in different movement states and align it with the CT image to achieve movement simulation.

[0047] The acquisition component can also use a 3D motion capture system, which can record the mandibular movement through micro sensors attached to the teeth. Combined with intraoral scanning, it can quickly and accurately measure the kinematic data of the mandible.

[0048] The collected position information needs to be sent to the controller 5 in real time so that the controller 5 can control the operation of the vibration element and the sound element according to the information.

[0049] The controller 5 is the core of the simulation device. It controls the operation of the vibration element and the sound element according to the position information provided by the acquisition component. The controller 5 needs to be able to interpret the position information and generate corresponding control signals based on the information. The controller 5 can respond to the acquired position information in real time to ensure that the simulation of vibration and sound is synchronized with the actual movement of the mandible.

[0050] In this embodiment, the controller 5 may also be provided with a user interface to allow the user to select different simulation scenarios, adjust simulation parameters, or start and stop simulation.

[0051] The temporomandibular joint motion simulator can simulate the vibration and sound of the temporomandibular joint in various motion states through precise head model 1 design, real-time feedback component control, accurate position information collection and intelligent controller 5 operation, providing an effective tool for teaching and research in stomatology. The temporomandibular joint motion simulator can help students and researchers better understand the physiological and pathological characteristics of the temporomandibular joint and improve diagnostic and treatment skills. When simulating the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), simulating its vibration during motion is to better understand and perceive the behavior of the joint in normal and pathological states. Vibration simulation can help students and doctors feel the physical phenomena such as articular disc movement, friction and impact, which are important clues for diagnosing TMD.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, an experimental method of a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device is provided, using the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device as in Example 1.

[0054] An experimental method of a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device, comprising:

[0055] Install a feedback component and a collection component on the head mold 1, and connect the feedback component and the collection component to the controller 5 respectively;

[0056] The controller 5 is used to select the temporomandibular joint state to be simulated, and the controller 5 matches the correspondence between the temporomandibular joint state and the temporomandibular joint motion state information;

[0057] Adjust the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model. The acquisition component obtains the relative position information of the mandibular model and the skull model in real time, and outputs control signals of the vibration element and the sound element according to the corresponding relationship to make the vibration element and / or the sound element work to simulate the vibration and / or sound of the temporomandibular joint in this relative position.

[0058] Specifically, the experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device aims to improve the understanding of the temporomandibular joint motion characteristics and the teaching effect by simulating the vibration and sound of the temporomandibular joint in different states. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device includes the following contents:

[0059] The second object of the present invention is to provide an experimental method for a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device, which aims to improve the understanding of the temporomandibular joint motion characteristics and the teaching effect by simulating the vibration and sound of the temporomandibular joint in different states.

[0060] The feedback component and the acquisition component are installed on the head mold 1, and these components are respectively connected to the controller 5. It is ensured that the various parts of the simulation device can work together, and the controller 5 can receive data from the acquisition component and control the feedback component according to the data.

[0061] The temporomandibular joint state to be simulated is selected by the controller 5. The controller 5 should store in advance the correspondence between different temporomandibular joint states and corresponding motion state information, so that the corresponding vibration and sound can be accurately matched and output during simulation.

[0062] Adjust the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model to simulate the real temporomandibular joint movement. The acquisition component needs to obtain this relative position information in real time, which is a key step in the simulation process because it directly affects the accuracy and authenticity of the simulation.

[0063] According to the collected relative position information and the pre-stored corresponding relationship, the controller 5 outputs control signals of the vibration element and the sound element. This enables the vibration element and / or the sound element to work according to the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model, simulating the vibration and / or sound of the temporomandibular joint in this position.

[0064] The acquisition of the temporomandibular joint motion state information is based on the actual temporomandibular joint state. By collecting the vibration information and sound information when the mandible and the head move relative to each other, the relative position of the mandible and the head and the matching relationship between the temporomandibular joint vibration and sound are obtained. This information is used as reference data for simulation.

[0065] The matching relationships under various temporomandibular joint states are obtained, and the corresponding relationships between the temporomandibular joint states and the temporomandibular joint motion state information are formed. These corresponding relationships are stored in the controller 5 so that they can be quickly retrieved and applied during simulation.

[0066] The corresponding relationship is stored in the controller 5. The controller 5 can be a computer. A virtual simulation system is provided in the computer to match the corresponding relationship. The virtual simulation system is developed using the Unity3D engine and C language. The joint snapping audio 2 is stored in the virtual simulation system, corresponding to different frequencies and amplitudes. The computer display presents different sound vibration options. On the one hand, the sound is generated by using the computer sound card 6 connected to the computer. On the other hand, the electrical signal can be transmitted to the vibration element of the feedback component to trigger the vibration.

[0067] The vibration element outputs a vibration effect to drive the mandibular model and / or the skull model to vibrate, and the sound element outputs a joint snapping audio 2. The vibration element can output vibration effects of various frequencies and amplitudes to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint during movement for tactile perception, and the sound element simulates the snapping sound of the temporomandibular joint during movement.

[0068] The acquisition component acquires the movement of the mandibular model of the head model 1, thereby obtaining the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model. This step ensures the accuracy of the simulation.

[0069] The temporomandibular joint model has a damping effect, which can block the relative movement between the mandibular model and the skull model. It helps to simulate the dynamic characteristics of the temporomandibular joint in actual movement, including the smoothness and restriction of movement.

[0070] Through the above steps, this embodiment provides a comprehensive and accurate method for simulating the motion of the temporomandibular joint, which can not only simulate the vibration and sound of the temporomandibular joint, but also simulate its motion characteristics, providing an effective tool and experimental method for the teaching and research of stomatology.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temporomandibular joint motion simulation device, characterized in that: include: The head model includes a matching skull model and a mandibular model, and a temporomandibular joint model is provided at the matching position; A feedback component, including a vibration element and a sound generating element mounted on the headform, which are respectively connected to a controller; An acquisition component is used to obtain the relative position information of the mandibular model and the skull model and send it to the controller; The controller is used to control the operation of the vibration element and / or the sound-generating element according to the acquired relative position information.

2. The temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration component is installed in the head mold to drive the head mold to vibrate to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint when it moves in different states.

3. The temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration element is installed on the skull model and the mandibular model.

4. An experimental method of a temporomandibular joint motion simulation device, using the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: Installing a feedback component and a collection component on the head model, and connecting the feedback component and the collection component to the controller respectively; The controller is used to select the temporomandibular joint state to be simulated, and the controller matches the correspondence between the temporomandibular joint state and the temporomandibular joint motion state information; Adjust the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model. The acquisition component obtains the relative position information of the mandibular model and the skull model in real time, and outputs control signals of the vibration element and the sound element according to the corresponding relationship to make the vibration element and / or the sound element work to simulate the vibration and / or sound of the temporomandibular joint in this relative position.

5. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acquisition of the temporomandibular joint movement state information comprises: Based on a temporomandibular joint state, the vibration information and sound information of the temporomandibular joint when the mandible and the head move relative to each other are collected, and the matching relationship between the relative position of the mandible and the head and the vibration and sound of the temporomandibular joint is obtained as the temporomandibular joint movement state information under the temporomandibular joint state. The relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model corresponds to the relative position of the mandible and the skull.

6. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The matching relationships under various temporomandibular joint states are acquired to form a corresponding relationship between the temporomandibular joint state and the temporomandibular joint motion state information, and the corresponding relationship is stored in the controller.

7. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration element outputs a vibration effect to drive the mandibular model and / or the skull model to vibrate, and the sound-generating element can output joint clicking audio.

8. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration element can output vibration effects of various frequencies and amplitudes to simulate the vibration of the temporomandibular joint during movement, and the sound-generating element simulates the snapping sound of the temporomandibular joint during movement.

9. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acquisition component acquires the movement of the mandibular model of the head model, thereby obtaining the relative position of the mandibular model and the skull model.

10. The experimental method of the temporomandibular joint motion simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temporomandibular joint model has a damping effect and can block the relative movement between the mandibular model and the skull model.

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