Humidification module and solid oxide fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention discloses a humidification module and a solid oxide fuel cell system, the humidification module comprises: an external humidification container, which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is arranged below the air outlet, and an external heater is arranged in the external humidification container; the inner water supplementing container is arranged in the outer humidifying container, the inner water supplementing container is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected with a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe extends to the outside of the outer humidifying container from the inside of the outer humidifying container, the water inlet is arranged below the water outlet, and an inner heater is arranged in the inner water supplementing container. The internal water replenishing container is arranged inside the external humidifying container, and the ultrapure water in the internal water replenishing container is not influenced by the external environment to generate water temperature fluctuation during water replenishing, so that when the external humidifying container needs to be replenished with water, the ultrapure water can be directly replenished from the internal water replenishing container, and the original water temperature of the external humidifying container is maintained; therefore, fuel with a stable water-carbon ratio is provided, and the service life of a reforming catalyst and an electric pile is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a humidification module and a solid oxide fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) has the advantages of wide fuel adaptability, high energy conversion rate, all-solid state, modular assembly, zero pollution, etc. It can directly use a variety of hydrocarbon fuels such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, natural gas, liquefied gas, coal gas and biomass energy. It has broad application prospects in civil fields such as large-scale centralized power supply, medium-sized power distribution and small household cogeneration as fixed power stations, as well as as mobile power sources such as ship power sources and transportation vehicle power sources.

[0003] In the entire SOFC system, catalysts are contained in both the reforming catalyst and the stack. During use, in addition to the fuel gas, a specific flow of water vapor is required to be introduced into the fuel side to form a certain water-to-carbon ratio. When the water-to-carbon ratio is too large, the catalyst is at risk of oxidation; when the water-to-carbon ratio is too small, the catalyst layer is at risk of carbon deposition. Both of the above situations will cause irreversible damage to the performance of the reforming catalyst and the stack.

[0004] Existing humidifiers, whether they are water vapor generators or bubbling humidifiers, all have water vapor flow fluctuations. The water vapor flow generated by the water vapor generator is always fluctuating due to the limitations of its evaporation principle. The bubbling humidifier has a more stable water vapor carrying capacity than the water vapor generator. However, the water temperature fluctuations caused by adding water to the bubbling humidifier each time will still cause a short-term imbalance in the water-to-carbon ratio, thereby shortening the service life of the reforming catalyst and the fuel cell stack. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a humidification module to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a humidification module comprises:

[0007] An external humidification container, which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is arranged below the air outlet, and an external heater is arranged in the external humidification container;

[0008] An internal water replenishment container is arranged inside the external humidification container, the internal water replenishment container is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe extends from the inside of the external humidification container to the outside of the external humidification container, the water inlet is arranged below the water outlet, and an internal heater is provided in the internal water replenishment container.

[0009] The humidification module according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: when the gas enters from the air inlet, the ultrapure water gathers at the lower part of the external humidification container under the action of gravity, so the gas is first humidified by the ultrapure water and then discharged from the gas outlet. As long as the water temperature in the external humidification container is maintained, a fuel with a certain water-to-carbon ratio can be formed; but since the flow of the gas will take away part of the ultrapure water, the water storage capacity of the external humidification container will gradually decrease with the flow of the gas. In order to replenish the ultrapure water, the present invention introduces an internal water replenishment container. Since the internal water replenishment container is arranged inside the external humidification container, the two have the same Under any working condition, the ultrapure water can be heated to the same temperature. The ultrapure water in the inner water replenishment container will not be affected by the external environment and produce water temperature fluctuations during replenishment. Therefore, when the external humidification container needs to be replenished, the ultrapure water can be directly replenished from the inner water replenishment container and the original water temperature of the external humidification container is maintained. After the replenishment is completed, the external ultrapure water enters the inner water replenishment container through the water inlet pipe for heating, waiting for the next replenishment process. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can maintain the same water temperature after each replenishment to provide fuel with a stable water-to-carbon ratio, thereby extending the service life of the reforming catalyst and the fuel cell stack.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the external humidification container stores humidifying liquid, the internal space of the external humidification container is divided into a gas phase space and a liquid phase space, the gas phase space is located above the liquid phase space, the gas outlet is directly connected to the gas phase space, and the gas inlet is directly connected to the liquid phase space. The gas phase space serves as a buffer space for gas, which can effectively reduce gas pressure fluctuations to protect the normal operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the external heater heats the liquid phase space and the gas phase space simultaneously. Since the humidity of the humidified gas is greatly affected by temperature, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of each location of the external humidification container remains consistent.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, since cold water needs to be introduced into the inner water replenishment container, in order to avoid the temperature fluctuation of the liquid phase space caused by the inner water replenishment container when the cold water is introduced, the inner water replenishment container is located in the gas phase space. Although the temperature of the gas phase space may fluctuate when the cold water is introduced into the inner water replenishment container, since the thermal conductivity of the liquid is significantly higher than the thermal conductivity of the gas, it is better to place the inner water replenishment container in the gas phase space.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, since the battery stack cannot withstand too much pressure, in order to maintain the air pressure in the system, the external humidification container is connected to a pressure relief valve, and the pressure relief valve is directly connected to the gas phase space. When the air pressure in the external humidification container is too high, the pressure relief valve is activated and exhausts air to the outside to maintain the air pressure in the system.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner water replenishment container has an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is used to block the heat transfer between the inner and outer sides of the inner water replenishment container. Since the inner water replenishment container has an insulating layer, the inner water replenishment container will not affect the temperature of the external humidification container when introducing cold water, so there is no need to further limit the position of the inner water replenishment container.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the external humidification container is connected to a liquid level meter, the water inlet pipe is connected to a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is controlled by the liquid level meter. When the liquid level of the external humidification container is at or below the water replenishment line, the solenoid valve of the water inlet is opened, and the internal water replenishment container replenishes cold water from the water inlet while replenishing hot water into the external humidification container through the water outlet until the liquid level of the external humidification container is at the normal water level.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the water outlet is close to the top of the inner water replenishment container, and the capacity of the inner water replenishment container is 2 to 2.5 times the water replenishment amount of the external humidification container each time, so as to ensure that the water outlet temperature of the inner water replenishment container will not be affected by the newly introduced cold water.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the external humidification container has a heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating layer is used to slow down the heat transfer between the inside and outside of the external humidification container and improve energy utilization.

[0018] A solid oxide fuel cell system according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises:

[0019] Battery stack;

[0020] A reforming catalyst connected to the fuel cell stack;

[0021] The above-mentioned humidification module is connected to the reforming catalyst.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidification module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the attached drawing: 100-external humidification container, 200-internal water replenishment container, 110-gas inlet pipe, 120-drain pipe, 130-fuel outlet pipe, 140-pressure relief valve, 101-gas phase space, 102-liquid phase space, 150-external heater, 300-liquid level meter, 250-internal heater, 220-water outlet, 210-water inlet pipe, 211-solenoid valve, 10-humidification module, 20-fuel stack, 30-reforming catalyst. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the humidification module 10 according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention includes an external humidification container 100 and an internal water replenishment container 200. The external humidification container 100 has a first cavity. Since the external humidification container 100 is used to store humidification liquid and the humidification liquid inside it needs to be heated, the outer shell of the external humidification container 100 has a thermal insulation layer, and the thermal insulation layer can be selected as glass wool material to slow down the internal and external heat transfer of the external humidification container 100, improve the thermal insulation effect of the external humidification container 100, and thus improve energy utilization.

[0032] Specifically, an air inlet and a drain outlet are provided on the bottom surface of the external humidifying container 100, and an air outlet and a pressure relief port are provided on the top surface of the external humidifying container 100. The air inlet is connected to a gas inlet pipe 110, and external gas is input into the interior of the external humidifying container 100 through the gas inlet pipe 110; the drain outlet is connected to a drain pipe 120, and the drain pipe 120 is not conductive during normal operation, and is only conductive during equipment maintenance or repair to empty the humidifying liquid in the external humidifying container 100 for convenient maintenance operations; the air outlet is connected to a fuel outlet pipe 130, and a fuel mixture of gas and water vapor flows to the reforming catalyst through the fuel outlet pipe 130; since the inlet of the fuel stack 20 cannot withstand too much pressure, in order to maintain the air pressure in the system, a pressure relief valve 140 is connected to the pressure relief port of the external humidifying container 100. When the air pressure in the external humidifying container 100 is too high, the pressure relief valve 140 is activated and exhausts air to the outside to maintain the air pressure in the system.

[0033] Since the external humidifying container 100 must store humidifying liquid inside when it is working normally, for the solid oxide fuel cell system, the humidifying liquid is preferably ultrapure water to prevent impurities in the water from affecting the performance and life of the catalyst and then affecting the performance and life of the stack. Since the ultrapure water gathers at the lower part of the external humidifying container 100 under the action of gravity, the internal space of the external humidifying container 100 is divided into a gas phase space 101 and a liquid phase space 102 at this time. The gas phase space 101 is located above the liquid phase space 102, and the air outlet and the pressure relief port are directly connected to the gas phase space 101, and the air inlet and the drain port are directly connected to the liquid phase space 102. As a buffer space for gas, the gas phase space 101 can effectively reduce air pressure fluctuations to protect the normal operation of the stack 20.

[0034] Furthermore, an external heater 150 is provided in the external humidification container 100, and the external heater 150 can be an electric heater, which generates heat by consuming electrical energy. Since the humidity of the humidified gas is greatly affected by temperature, in order to ensure that the temperature of each part of the external humidification container 100 remains consistent, the external heater 150 is distributed in the liquid phase space 102 and the gas phase space 101 to heat the liquid phase space 102 and the gas phase space 101 at the same time. In this embodiment, according to the different technical routes and operating conditions implemented by the solid oxide fuel cell system, the target temperature of the gas phase space 101 and the liquid phase space 102 is 70°C to 95°C, and the main component of the fuel gas is natural gas. Different fuel gas components correspond to different target temperatures, which are not listed here one by one.

[0035] Furthermore, since the flow of gas will take away part of the ultrapure water, the water storage capacity of the external humidification container 100 will gradually decrease with the flow of gas, so the external humidification container 100 is connected to a liquid level meter 300, which is used to detect the height of the liquid phase space 102. When the height of the liquid phase space 102 is at or below the water replenishment line, it means that the external humidification container 100 needs to be replenished with water. When the height of the liquid phase space 102 is at the normal water level, the water replenishment should be stopped at this time. There are many types of liquid level meters 300, such as magnetic float liquid level gauges, capacitive liquid level gauges, static pressure liquid level gauges, radar liquid level gauges, ultrasonic liquid level gauges, magnetic flap liquid level gauges, buoyancy liquid level gauges or connected liquid level gauges. In this embodiment, any one of the liquid level meters 300 can be selected. However, no matter which liquid level meter 300 is selected in this embodiment, it needs to have a feedback function so that the liquid level information can be fed back to the controller, and the controller turns on or off the water replenishment function.

[0036] On the other hand, in order to achieve water replenishment, the internal space of the external humidification container 100 is provided with an internal water replenishment container 200, and the volume of the internal water replenishment container 200 is much smaller than the volume of the external humidification container 100, but the capacity of the internal water replenishment container 200 is 2 to 2.5 times the amount of water replenishment of the external humidification container 100 each time. The internal water replenishment container 200 has a second cavity. Since the internal water replenishment container 200 needs to heat the ultrapure water inside it, an internal heater 250 is provided in the internal water replenishment container 200. The internal heater 250 can be an electric heater, which generates heat by consuming electrical energy. In this embodiment, according to different technical routes and operating conditions implemented by the solid oxide fuel cell system, the target temperature of the internal water replenishment container 200 is 70°C to 95°C. Regardless of the technical route implemented by the solid oxide fuel cell system, the target temperature of the internal water replenishment container 200 is consistent with the target temperature of the external humidification container 100. Of course, in order to detect the temperature in the inner water replenishment container 200 and the outer humidification container 100 respectively, both are provided with a temperature sensor (not shown in the drawings), and the outer heater 150 and the inner heater 250 are controlled by their respective temperature sensors.

[0037] At the same time, a water inlet is provided on the bottom surface of the inner water replenishment container 200, and a water outlet 220 is provided on the side of the inner water replenishment container 200. The water inlet is arranged below the water outlet 220, and the water inlet is connected to a water inlet pipe 210. The water inlet pipe 210 extends from the inside of the external humidification container 100 to the outside of the external humidification container 100. External ultrapure water is input into the interior of the inner water replenishment container 200 through the water inlet pipe 210 and is heated by the internal heater 250.

[0038] Furthermore, the water inlet pipe 210 is connected to a solenoid valve 211, which is controlled by the liquid level meter 300. When the liquid level of the external humidification container 100 is at or below the water replenishment line, the solenoid valve 211 of the water inlet pipe 210 is opened, and the internal water replenishment container 200 replenishes cold water from the water inlet while replenishing hot water into the external humidification container 100 through the water outlet 220 until the liquid level of the external humidification container 100 is at the normal water level. Since the internal water replenishment container 200 is sealed, the hot water in the internal water replenishment container 200 can be discharged smoothly only when water is inflowed.

[0039] In order to ensure that the outlet water temperature of the inner water replenishment container 200 will not be affected by the newly introduced cold water, the water outlet 220 needs to be close to the top of the inner water replenishment container 200, specifically, located at a position more than four-fifths of the total height of the inner water replenishment container 200, and the smaller the ratio of the capacity of the inner water replenishment container 200 to the water replenishment amount of the external humidification container 100 each time, the closer the water outlet 220 is to the top of the inner water replenishment container 200. Table 1 below takes an inner water replenishment container 200 with a capacity of 1L as the test object, the inner water replenishment container 200 is filled with hot water, cold water flows in from the water inlet, and a thermocouple is used at the water outlet 220 for temperature measurement to test the outlet water temperature of the inner water replenishment container 200 at different water replenishment amounts.

[0040] Water replenishment / L 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Outlet water temperature / ℃ 89.1 89.1 89.1 89 89 85.4 79.1 63.7 42.2

[0041] Table 1

[0042] As can be seen from Table 1, when the capacity of the inner water replenishment container 200 is 2 to 2.5 times the amount of water replenished each time by the outer humidification container 100, the outlet water temperature of the inner water replenishment container 200 will hardly be affected by the newly introduced cold water. Since the water temperature of the existing humidification tank will be affected by the newly introduced cold water, thermocouples need to be set in both the liquid phase space 102 and the gas phase space 101 for separate temperature control to offset the effect of water temperature fluctuations on the fuel water-carbon ratio. Since the present invention can maintain the same water temperature after each water replenishment, there is no need to separately control the temperature of the external heater 150 of the outer humidification container 100, and synchronous temperature control of the external heater 150 can be achieved to reduce the load on the controller and reduce the probability of errors in the control program.

[0043] In other embodiments, the process of draining water first and then replenishing water can also be performed, but this requires that a balancing air hole be provided at the top of the inner water replenishment container 200, and an electric control valve be provided at the water outlet 220. In this case, the inner water replenishment container 200 is no longer sealed. When the liquid level of the external humidification container 100 is at or below the water replenishment line, the electric control valve of the water outlet 220 is opened, and the solenoid valve 211 of the water inlet pipe 210 remains closed. At this time, only hot water flows out of the water outlet 220, and the internal air pressure of the inner water replenishment container 200 remains consistent under the air replenishment of the balancing air hole. After the water replenishment is completed, the electric control valve of the water outlet 220 is closed, and the solenoid valve 211 of the water inlet pipe 210 is opened, and cold water flows into the inner water replenishment container 200 from the water inlet. If the capacity of the inner water replenishment container 200 is twice the amount of water replenished by the outer humidification container 100 each time, then the water outlet 220 is approximately located in the middle of the total height of the water replenishment container; if the capacity of the inner water replenishment container 200 is 2.5 times the amount of water replenished by the outer humidification container 100 each time, then the water outlet 220 is approximately located in the upper middle of the total height of the water replenishment container.

[0044] With the above structure, when the gas enters from the air inlet, the ultrapure water gathers at the lower part of the external humidification container 100 under the action of gravity, so the gas is first humidified by the ultrapure water and then discharged from the air outlet. As long as the water temperature in the external humidification container 100 is maintained, a fuel with a certain water-carbon ratio can be formed. When the liquid level of the external humidification container 100 is at or below the water replenishment line, the water inlet of the internal water replenishment container 200 is turned on under the control of the solenoid valve 211. Since the internal water replenishment container 200 is arranged inside the external humidification container 100, the two have the same working conditions and can heat the ultrapure water to the same temperature. The ultrapure water in the internal water replenishment container 200 will not be affected by the external environment and produce water temperature fluctuations during water replenishment. Therefore, when the external humidification container 100 needs to be replenished, ultrapure water can be directly replenished from the internal water replenishment container 200 and the original water temperature of the external humidification container 100 can be maintained. After the water replenishment is completed, the external ultrapure water enters the internal water replenishment container 200 through the water inlet pipe 210 for heating, waiting for the next water replenishment process. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can maintain the same water temperature after each water replenishment to provide fuel with a stable water-to-carbon ratio, thereby extending the service life of the reforming catalyst 30 and the fuel cell stack 20.

[0045] In the related art, there is a technical solution of placing the fluid infusion tank outside the humidification tank, but this technical solution has the following defects: 1. It increases the space occupied, which is obvious; 2. It increases the energy consumption. Due to the heat dissipation in the pipeline, the heating temperature of the fluid infusion tank needs to be higher than the heating temperature of the humidification tank; 3. It increases the difficulty of temperature control.

[0046] Since the humidity of the humidified gas is greatly affected by temperature, a difference of 1°C will change the water-carbon ratio from 2 to 1.7 or from 4 to 4.2, causing carbon deposition or oxidation of the battery stack 20, thereby damaging the battery stack 20. If the rehydration tank is placed outside the humidification tank, all parts between the rehydration tank and the humidification tank need to be insulated, such as water pumps, pipes, valves, etc. The water pump will have more heat leakage, and the existence of the intermediate pipe will cause a large lag in temperature regulation. It will be very difficult to control the water temperature entering the humidification tank to within 1°C of the humidification tank, not to mention that the usual adjustment scale is accurate to 0.1°C. In addition to the difficulty in achieving temperature control, the pipe insulation material may decay due to the length of use. In order to accurately control the temperature, it needs to be recalibrated at regular intervals. Even changes in the external air temperature will affect the water temperature entering the humidification tank, thereby affecting the performance of the battery stack 20.

[0047] In order to keep the water temperature of the humidification tank at around 92°C, plus the heat loss of the pipeline, the water temperature of the rehydration tank may need to reach 110°C or above, so a water pump that can withstand high temperatures is required. Since the magnetic pump can achieve zero pollution when transporting ultrapure water, the magnetic pump is the preferred equipment for transporting ultrapure water, but the price of the magnetic pump is expensive, and there will be high-temperature demagnetization. The normal temperature magnetic pump is already very expensive, and the price of the high temperature resistant magnetic pump is at least one order of magnitude higher, and there are very few brands to choose from. Currently, only the Japanese iwaki brand on the market can provide magnetic pumps that can withstand 95°C, and other magnetic pumps that can withstand higher temperatures need to be specially customized.

[0048] At the same time, there is another more serious problem. When the water temperature exceeds 100°C, a higher pressure is required to prevent the water from boiling (see Table 2 below), but the stack 20 cannot withstand too much pressure. The maximum relative pressure at the entrance of the SOFC stack is only 3kPa to 5kPa, which is converted into an absolute pressure of 104kPa to 106kPa. The pressure relief valve cannot eliminate the influence of the liquid pressure. Therefore, at this stage, it is impossible to achieve the technical effect of not generating water temperature fluctuations when replenishing water while installing an external refilling tank.

[0049] Temperature ℃ 100 105 110 115 120 Absolute pressure kPa 103.3 123.2 146.1 172.4 202.5

[0050] Table 2

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, since cold water needs to be introduced into the inner water replenishment container 200, in order to avoid the inner water replenishment container 200 causing fluctuations in the temperature of the liquid phase space 102 when the cold water is introduced, the inner water replenishment container 200 is located in the gas phase space 101. Although the inner water replenishment container 200 may cause fluctuations in the temperature of the gas phase space 101 when the cold water is introduced, since the thermal conductivity of the liquid is significantly higher than that of the gas, it is better to place the inner water replenishment container 200 in the gas phase space 101.

[0052] In addition, even though the water inlet pipe 210 will exchange heat with the ultrapure water in the liquid phase space 102 when introducing cold water, the heat exchange amount between the water inlet pipe 210 and the liquid phase space 102 is basically negligible due to the small diameter and short length of the water inlet pipe 210. Therefore, even if the water inlet pipe 210 is set in the liquid phase space 102, it will not cause fluctuations in water temperature. Alternatively, the water inlet pipe 210 can be transformed into a ceramic pipe, a non-metallic pipe, or a pipe with an insulating layer to further reduce the heat exchange amount between the water inlet pipe 210 and the liquid phase space 102.

[0053] In other embodiments, the inner water replenishment container 200 has an insulating layer, which may be an ultrafine particle coating, and the insulating layer is used to block the internal and external heat transfer of the inner water replenishment container 200. Since the inner water replenishment container 200 has an insulating layer, the inner water replenishment container 200 will not affect the temperature of the external humidification container 100 when introducing cold water, so there is no need to further limit the position of the inner water replenishment container 200. At this time, the inner water replenishment container 200 can be located at any position inside the external humidification container 100.

[0054] However, no matter how the inner water replenishment container 200 is arranged in the outer humidification container 100, it is recommended that the water outlet 220 of the inner water replenishment container 200 be kept above the liquid level of the outer humidification container 100 to meet the conditions of all the above embodiments.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the solid oxide fuel cell system according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a humidification module 10 according to the first aspect of the present invention, and also includes a fuel cell stack 20 and a reforming catalyst 30. The outlet pipe of the humidification module 10 is connected to the inlet pipe of the reforming catalyst 30, that is, the humidification module 10 is used to transport the fuel gas and water vapor to the reforming catalyst 30.

[0056] The main function of the reforming catalyst 30 is to reform some hydrocarbon compounds in the fuel into a hydrogen-rich mixed gas through water vapor, so as to avoid carbon deposition of hydrocarbon compounds with a high carbon number in the fuel on the fuel cell stack 20, and to prevent a large amount of hydrocarbons from being reformed on the fuel cell stack 20, causing uneven temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack 20. The discharge pipe of the reforming catalyst 30 is connected to the inlet of the fuel cell stack 20, that is, the reforming catalyst 30 delivers the reformed hydrogen-rich mixed gas to the fuel cell stack 20.

[0057] The stack 20 is composed of a solid oxide electrolyte, an anode and a cathode. The electrolyte material needs to have high ionic conductivity and high chemical stability, and the anode and cathode need to have good catalytic performance. During operation, hydrogen and oxygen are introduced from the inlet respectively, distributed to the metal connecting plates of each single cell through the main gas channel of the stack 20, and evenly distributed to the electrodes through the metal connecting plates. The electrochemical reaction is carried out through the electrode support and the catalyst, and finally electrical energy is generated.

[0058] Since the solid oxide fuel cell system adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. Humidification module, characterized in that: include: An external humidification container (100) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is arranged below the air outlet, and an external heater (150) is provided in the external humidification container (100); An internal water replenishment container (200) is arranged inside the external humidification container (100), the internal water replenishment container (200) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet (220), the water inlet is connected to a water inlet pipe (210), the water inlet pipe (210) extends from the inside of the external humidification container (100) to the outside of the external humidification container (100), the water inlet is arranged below the water outlet (220), and an internal heater (250) is provided in the internal water replenishment container (200).

2. The humidification module according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the external humidifying container (100) stores humidifying liquid, the internal space of the external humidifying container (100) is divided into a gas phase space (101) and a liquid phase space (102), the gas phase space (101) is located above the liquid phase space (102), the gas outlet is directly connected to the gas phase space (101), and the gas inlet is directly connected to the liquid phase space (102).

3. The humidification module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The external heater (150) heats the liquid phase space (102) and the gas phase space (101) simultaneously.

4. The humidification module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner water replenishment container (200) is located in the gas phase space (101).

5. The humidification module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The external humidification container (100) is connected to a pressure relief valve (140), and the pressure relief valve (140) is directly connected to the gas phase space (101).

6. The humidification module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner water replenishment container (200) has a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is used to block the heat transfer between the inner and outer sides of the inner water replenishment container (200).

7. The humidification module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external humidification container (100) is connected to a liquid level meter (300), the water inlet pipe (210) is connected to a solenoid valve (211), and the solenoid valve (211) is controlled by the liquid level meter (300).

8. The humidification module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water outlet (220) is close to the top of the inner water replenishment container (200), and the capacity of the inner water replenishment container (200) is 2 to 2.5 times the water replenishment amount of the outer humidification container (100) each time.

9. The humidification module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external humidification container (100) has a heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating layer is used to slow down the heat transfer between the inside and outside of the external humidification container (100).

10. A solid oxide fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: Battery stack (20); A reforming catalyst (30) connected to the fuel cell stack (20); The humidification module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is connected to the reforming catalyst (30).

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