Method for improving poultry production performance by using hermetia illucens
By preparing the composition of black soldier fly powder and enzymatic solution, the problem of limited application range of black soldier fly in the prior art is solved, efficient and safe application in poultry feed is achieved, and poultry production performance and meat quality are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510012728.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-07
AI Technical Summary
The use of black soldier flies in the prior art has a limited range of applications in poultry feed, which leads to the waste of high-quality protein resources and is difficult to effectively improve the production performance of different poultry species.
By preparing a composition containing black soldier flies, including black soldier flies powder and black soldier flies enzymatic solution, the 6th-instar black soldier flies are enzymatically dissolved using flavor protease and pectin enzyme to improve biological activity, and the enzyme lysate is mixed with black soldier flies powder in an appropriate proportion and added to the poultry basic diet.
It broadens the scope of use of black soldier flies in feed, improves poultry production performance, enhances protein content and natural activity, reduces feed intake, and improves the quality of poultry meat.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry feed, and in particular relates to a method for improving the production performance of poultry by utilizing black soldier flies. Background Art
[0002] The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) belongs to the family Schizontidae of the order Diptera. Its larvae are rich in amino acids. In addition, the black soldier fly can degrade food waste and animal feces, enriching beneficial nutrients, and therefore has broad application prospects.
[0003] Feed is a basic industry supporting the development of poultry farming, which is related to food health and environmental safety. At present, people have increasingly stringent requirements on the quality of poultry feeding, and with it comes the quality requirements for poultry feed. Although there are reports in the prior art on using black soldier flies to prepare poultry feed, most of them directly add black soldier flies to feed, so different feed components need to be prepared for different poultry species, which reduces the scope of feed use and causes a waste of high-quality protein resources. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the production performance of poultry by using black soldier flies. By providing a composition containing black soldier flies, not only the application scope of black soldier flies in feed is broadened, but also the production performance of poultry can be improved efficiently and safely.
[0005] The present invention provides a composition containing black soldier flies, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-10 parts of black soldier fly insect powder and 1-1.5 parts of black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolyzate;
[0006] The preparation method of the black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate comprises:
[0007] After mixing 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water, enzymolysis and filtration are performed in sequence to obtain black soldier fly enzymolysis liquid;
[0008] The complex enzyme comprises flavor protease and pectinase.
[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the flavor protease to the pectinase is 0.3-0.5:0.5-0.7;
[0010] The enzyme activity of the flavor protease is ≥ 6000 U / g;
[0011] The enzymatic activity of the pectinase is ≧5000U / g.
[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the 6-year-old black soldier fly, the complex enzyme and water is 10-11:0.5-1:10-11.
[0013] Preferably, the enzymolysis is accompanied by stirring; the enzymolysis time is 15-20 hours, the temperature is 28-38° C.; and the stirring speed is 90-100 rpm.
[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the black soldier fly powder comprises:
[0015] The 1-3-year-old black soldier flies are microwave-dried and crushed to obtain black soldier fly powder.
[0016] Preferably, the microwave drying temperature is 80-85° C. and the time is 50-65 s.
[0017] The present invention provides application of the composition described in the above technical solution in improving the production performance of poultry.
[0018] Preferably, the poultry includes one or more of chicken, duck, goose, pigeon and quail.
[0019] The present invention provides a method for improving poultry production performance by using black soldier flies, comprising the following steps:
[0020] The composition described in the above technical solution is added into the basic diet of poultry and fed to poultry.
[0021] Preferably, the added amount of the composition accounts for 2wt%-10wt% of the basic diet.
[0022] Beneficial effects:
[0023] The invention provides a composition containing black soldier flies, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-10 parts of black soldier fly insect powder and 1-1.5 parts of black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate. The invention improves the biological activity of the 6-year-old black soldier flies by enzymolyzing the 6-year-old black soldier flies with flavor protease and pectinase; and by mixing the enzymatic hydrolysate with the black soldier fly insect powder in an appropriate proportion, not only the protein content of the black soldier fly composition is increased, but also the natural activity of the composition is improved.
[0024] Based on the above technical advantages, the present invention also provides the use of a black soldier fly composition in improving the production performance of poultry. By feeding the composition containing black soldier flies to poultry, the production performance of poultry can be improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents and equipment.
[0026] Example 1
[0027] The preparation method of the composition containing black soldier flies comprises the following steps:
[0028] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0029] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0030] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0031] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolyzate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0032] Example 2
[0033] The preparation method of the composition containing black soldier flies comprises the following steps:
[0034] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0035] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0036] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0037] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolyzate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:9 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0038] Comparative Example 1
[0039] 1) Preparing black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking papain with an enzyme activity of ≥ 6000 U / g for later use;
[0040] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, papain and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0041] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0042] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:9 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0043] Comparative Example 2
[0044] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0045] The cleaned 3-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0046] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0047] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:9 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0048] Comparative Example 3
[0049] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0050] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 50°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0051] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0052] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolyzate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:9 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0053] Comparative Example 4
[0054] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0055] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0056] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0057] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolyzate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.5:9 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0058] Comparative Example 5
[0059] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0060] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0061] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0062] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0063] Comparative Example 6
[0064] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0065] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0066] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0067] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0068] Comparative Example 7
[0069] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0070] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and the mixture was enzymolyzed at 38°C and 100 rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; the mixture was sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a black soldier fly enzymolysis solution;
[0071] 2) preparing black soldier fly powder: taking cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies and drying them by microwave at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and crushing the dried black soldier flies to obtain black soldier fly powder;
[0072] 3) The black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate in step 1) and the black soldier fly powder in step 2) are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain a composition containing black soldier flies for later use.
[0073] Comparative Example 8
[0074] 1) preparing a black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate: taking flavor protease with an enzyme activity of ≥6000 U / g and pectinase with an enzyme activity of ≥5000 U / g respectively, and mixing the flavor protease and the pectinase in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a composite enzyme;
[0075] The cleaned 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:5 and the pH was adjusted to 7, and enzymolysis was performed at 38°C and 100rpm for 15 hours to obtain a mixture; after the mixture was passed through a 400-mesh sieve, a black soldier fly enzymolysis liquid was obtained for later use.
[0076] Comparative Example 9
[0077] 1) Preparation of black soldier fly powder: Cleaned 3rd-instar black soldier flies were microwave-dried at 85° C. for 60 seconds, and the dried black soldier flies were crushed to obtain black soldier fly powder for later use.
[0078] Application Example 1
[0079] Broiler application experiment
[0080] 180 healthy broiler chickens (weight 40.2-41.2 g) at one day old were randomly divided into 1-12 groups, 15 broiler chickens in each group, and the experiment was repeated three times in each group, with 5 broilers in each repeat.
[0081] Basic diet: Regular purchased broiler feed
[0082] Control group: free access to basic diet and water throughout the whole process;
[0083] Experimental group: According to 2wt% of the basic diet addition amount, the compositions (or products) containing black soldier flies prepared in Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1-9 were added respectively, and the rats were free to drink feed and water throughout the whole process; each treatment was marked as Example 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1-9 in turn.
[0084] The health of the broiler chickens was observed daily, and the chickens were weighed on an empty stomach at day 21 of age to calculate the average body weight. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0085] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on broiler production performance
[0086] deal with Average body weight at 1 day old (g) Average weight at 21 days of age (g) Daily feed intake (g) Control group 40.8 441.2 117.2 Example 1 40.5 503.0 112.1 Example 2 41.2 480.7 111.8 Comparative Example 1 40.3 460.2 114.0 Comparative Example 2 41.0 471.3 115.4 Comparative Example 3 40.7 475.6 113.8 Comparative Example 4 40.8 462.1 112.9 Comparative Example 5 40.2 458.6 116.4 Comparative Example 6 40.5 469.8 113.9 Comparative Example 7 40.6 467.8 114.7 Comparative Example 8 40.3 450.6 113.1 Comparative Example 9 41.1 459.1 114.1
[0087] As can be seen from Table 1, after adopting the technical solution provided by the present invention, the broiler chickens gained weight significantly, with the highest weight reaching 503.0g and the daily weight gain reaching 22.02g; while compared with the control group, the daily feed intake decreased, with the maximum reduction of 5.4g. This shows that the black soldier fly composition provided by the present invention can not only reduce the feed intake, but also increase the weight of broilers.
[0088] The survival rate of broilers from day 21 to day 39 of age was statistically analyzed, and the quality of meat from the surviving broilers was verified. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0089] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on broiler survival rate and chicken quality
[0090] deal with 39-day broiler survival rate (%) 24h drip loss (%) pH 45 minutes after slaughter Control group 80％ 4.1 6.2 Example 1 100％ 2.2 6.7 Example 2 93.3％ 2.5 6.5 Comparative Example 1 80％ 3.3 6.4 Comparative Example 2 73.3％ 3.1 6.6 Comparative Example 3 86.6％ 2.9 6.7 Comparative Example 4 86.6％ 3.2 6.1 Comparative Example 5 73.3％ 2.3 6.3 Comparative Example 6 93.3％ 2.7 6.4 Comparative Example 7 73.3％ 3.8 6.2 Comparative Example 8 80％ 3.7 6.0 Comparative Example 9 86.6％ 2.9 6.3
[0091] Combined with the data in Table 2, it can be found that the technical solution provided by the present invention is beneficial to improving the survival rate of broiler chickens. When the broiler chickens are 39 days old, the survival rate of broiler chickens is as high as 100%, which shows that the effective substances in the black soldier fly composition can improve the stress resistance of broiler chickens, thereby helping to improve the survival rate of broiler chickens; in addition, combined with the drip loss and pH data, it can be seen that after adding the black soldier fly composition to the feed, the water loss is less, while the pH is improved, that is, the black soldier fly composition improves the water locking ability of chicken and reduces the acidity of chicken, which is beneficial to improving the taste of chicken.
[0092] In summary, the solution provided by the present invention improves the production performance of poultry while reducing the feed intake. Therefore, when black soldier flies are used to improve the production performance of poultry, not only can the production performance of poultry be greatly increased and the quality of poultry meat be improved, but also the feed intake is reduced, thereby improving the utilization value of black soldier flies.
[0093] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A composition containing black soldier flies, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9-10 parts of black soldier fly powder and 1-1.5 parts of black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate; The preparation method of the black soldier fly enzymatic hydrolysate comprises: After mixing 6-year-old black soldier flies, compound enzyme and water, enzymolysis and filtration are performed in sequence to obtain black soldier fly enzymolysis liquid; The complex enzyme comprises flavor protease and pectinase.
2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of flavor protease to pectinase is 1:0.8-1; The enzyme activity of the flavor protease is ≥ 6000 U / g; The enzymatic activity of the pectinase is ≧5000U / g.
3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the 6-year-old black soldier fly, the complex enzyme and water is 10-11:0.5-1:5-10.
4. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The enzymolysis is accompanied by stirring; the enzymolysis time is 15-20 hours, the temperature is 28-38° C.; and the stirring speed is 90-100 rpm.
5. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the black soldier fly powder comprises: The 1-3-year-old black soldier flies are microwave-dried and crushed to obtain black soldier fly powder.
6. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that The microwave drying is carried out at a temperature of 80-85° C. and for a time of 50-65 seconds.
7. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in improving the production performance of poultry.
8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The poultry includes one or more of chicken, duck, goose, pigeon and quail.
9. A method for improving poultry production performance by using black soldier flies, characterized in that: The steps include: The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is added to a basic poultry diet for feeding poultry.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The added amount of the composition accounts for 1wt%-5wt% of the basic diet.