Incineration fly ash collection and treatment system and state sensing method for entire operation process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a system for collecting and processing incineration fly ash, which comprises a chelation mixer and a collecting device. The chelation mixer is provided with a first feeding port, a second feeding port and a discharging device. The collecting device is used for collecting chelation products. A force sensor A is installed on the chelation mixer and used for obtaining a weight difference Δm=m1-m2-m3. The weight of the chelation products discharged from the chelation mixer is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent entering the chelation mixer are m2 and m3 respectively. According to the consistency of the historical Δm, it is determined whether the chelation mixer is in a normal state. When the chelation mixer is in a normal working condition, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharging amount, i.e. the sum of m2 and m3. The chelation products in the chelation mixer are judged for the conditions of agglomeration and adhesion, and the discharging port is blocked, and the collecting device is adjusted accordingly, so that the scattering and leakage caused by the discharging amount not meeting the expectation can be avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment and disposal, and more particularly relates to a system for collecting and treating incineration fly ash and a state sensing method for the whole operation process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Incineration fly ash of domestic waste contains characteristic pollutants such as dioxins and heavy metals, and is a conditionally exempted hazardous waste, which should still be managed as a hazardous waste in incineration power plants. The incineration fly ash of incineration power plants is mainly produced from deacidification towers, bag-type dust collectors and other parts, and is mixed and collected into the same dust collecting hopper through devices such as scraper machines, screw conveyors and bucket elevators.

[0003] At present, incineration fly ash in China is mainly treated by chelation in the plant and then transported for landfill. The chelation in the plant mainly includes processes such as batch feeding, stirring and mixing, bagging and packaging, and short-term curing.

[0004] During bagging and packaging, chelation products are often scattered, and chelation products containing heavy metals are leaked, causing secondary pollution of the working site environment. At present, the problem is improved by lowering the discharge port position and installing a curtain cover at the discharge port of the mixing machine, but the problem of chelation product scattering still occurs from time to time.

[0005] At the same time, the working efficiency of the chelation mixing machine is low and needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present application provides an incineration fly ash collecting and treating system and a state sensing method for the whole operation process thereof, which obtains the weight difference of materials entering and leaving the chelation mixing machine through a force sensor connected to the chelation mixing machine, judges the conditions such as agglomeration and adhesion of chelation products in the chelation mixing machine and blockage of the discharge port, and correspondingly adjusts the collecting device to avoid scattering and leakage caused by inconsistent discharge amount and prediction.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, an incineration fly ash collecting and treating system is provided, comprising a chelation mixing machine and a collecting device, characterized in that,

[0008] The chelation mixing machine has a first feeding port for feeding incineration fly ash, a second feeding port for feeding a chelating agent, and a discharging device for discharging chelation products formed by mixing the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent;

[0009] The collecting device is arranged corresponding to the position of the discharging device for collecting the chelation products discharged from the discharging device;

[0010] A force sensor A is installed on the chelating mixer for obtaining a weight difference Δm = m1-m2m3, wherein the weight of the chelated product out of the chelating mixer is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent into the chelating mixer are m2 and m3 respectively;

[0011] According to the consistency of the historical Δm, it is judged whether the chelating mixer is in a normal state, and when the chelating mixer is in a normal working condition, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge amount, i.e. the sum of m2 and m3.

[0012] Preferably, the discharge device comprises a fixed pipe and a sliding telescopic assembly, the sliding telescopic assembly comprises a plurality of driving cylinders and a telescopic discharge pipe, the driving cylinders are circumferentially arranged on the periphery of the fixed pipe, the inner wall of the telescopic discharge pipe wraps the outer wall of the fixed pipe, and the telescopic discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed pipe, the driving cylinders are connected to the lower end of the telescopic discharge pipe for driving the telescopic discharge pipe to expand and contract, so that the discharge port at the lower end of the telescopic discharge pipe rises with the increase of the chelated product in the collecting device, thereby keeping the distance between the discharge port of the telescopic discharge pipe and the chelated product in the collecting device within a set threshold range, and further eliminating the scattering and leakage of the chelated product during the collection of the chelated product by the collecting device.

[0013] Preferably, the collecting device comprises a base, a collecting frame, a bag and an auxiliary driving cylinder, the inner cavity of the collecting frame faces the discharge device, the collecting frame comprises a displacement plate and a fixed plate, the inner cavity of the collecting frame is formed by the displacement plate and the fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly installed on the base, the displacement plate is movably installed on the base, the auxiliary driving cylinder is installed on the base and connected to the displacement plate for driving the displacement plate to move, thereby changing the volume of the inner cavity of the collecting frame, and the bag is sleeved on the collecting frame and is jointly received by the displacement plate and the fixed plate of the collecting frame for collecting the chelated product.

[0014] Preferably, a transmission gear and a plurality of guide rods are further installed on the base, a transmission rack is installed on the displacement plate, the transmission rack is engaged with the transmission gear, and the displacement plate is movably sleeved on each of the guide rods.

[0015] Preferably, the base is installed on the ground guide rail through a sliding block.

[0016] Preferably, a dust collecting hopper and a metering tank are further included, a conveying pipeline is installed on the dust collecting hopper for conveying the incineration fly ash into the dust collecting hopper, the discharge port of the dust collecting hopper is connected to the feed port of the metering tank, and the discharge port of the metering tank is connected to the first feed port of the chelating mixer.

[0017] Preferably, the chelating mixer is supported by a chelating mixer support, and the force sensor A is provided between the chelating mixer support and the chelating mixer.

[0018] The ash collection hopper is supported by an ash collection hopper frame, and a force sensor B is installed between the ash collection hopper frame and the ash collection hopper to obtain the weight difference of the incineration fly ash entering and leaving the ash collection hopper.

[0019] A force sensor C is installed on the base of the collection device to obtain the weight of the chelation product inside the collection device;

[0020] The ash collection hopper is equipped with a level gauge to obtain the height change of the incineration fly ash in the ash collection hopper.

[0021] A loss-in-weight scale is installed at the discharge port of the ash collection hopper to obtain the weight of the incineration fly ash entering the metering tank.

[0022] Preferably, a weighing device is installed at the lower outlet of the metering tank to perform overall weighing and measurement of fly ash and fly ash in the tank.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for state perception of the entire operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system is also provided, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0024] 1) Judging the feeding status of the ash hopper:

[0025] A weighing sensor B installed on the ash hopper to obtain the total weight of the ash hopper and the incinerated fly ash inside it measures weight values ​​W1(t1) and W1(t2) at time points t1 and t2, respectively. Then, the weight change rate ΔW1 of the ash hopper during the time period t1 to t2 is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, the expected weight change rate during normal feeding of the ash hopper is set to ΔW1. * When |ΔW 1- ΔW1 * |>

[0028] When t2 > t1, the feeding status of the ash hopper is judged to be abnormal, and t2 > t1. 1 is the first allowable error threshold.

[0029] Suppose that the weight values ​​of the discharged material measured by the loss-in-weight scale at the discharge port of the ash hopper at time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt are W respectively. ls (t1-Δt), W ls If (t2-Δt), then the rate of change of discharge weight ΔW from the ash collection hopper during the time period (t1-Δt) to (t2-Δt) is... ls for:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, Δt is the delay time of the incineration fly ash from the discharge port of the ash hopper to the first inlet of the metering tank, that is, the time of the incineration fly ash through the metering tank;

[0032] Suppose that the stress values measured by the force sensor A at time points t1 and t2 are S2(t1) and S2(t2) respectively, and the stress change rate formula is:

[0033]

[0034] The expected relationship between ΔS2 and ΔW is determined, and ΔS2=k×ΔW is obtained ls , wherein k is a set coefficient; ls

[0035] 2) Chelating mixer running state judgment

[0036] When |ΔS2-k×ΔW ls |>2, it is judged that the running state of the chelating mixer is abnormal, wherein 2 is a second error threshold allowed.

[0037] Preferably, within a set period of time, if the weight change rate ΔW3 of the collection device measured by the force sensor C is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3 min of the normal discharge, it is judged that the discharge port of the chelating mixer is blocked, wherein ΔW3 min is a set weight change rate threshold.

[0038] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1) The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present application can obtain the weight difference Δm of the material entering and leaving the chelating mixer through the force sensor A, that is, the weight of the fly ash and the chelating agent entering the chelating mixer can be known, and whether the weight of the chelation product coming out of the chelating mixer is substantially the same can be known. According to the size of Δm, it can be judged whether the chelation product is adhered to the inner wall of the chelating mixer or blocks the discharge port of the chelating mixer, and then appropriate measures can be taken to clean the chelating mixer, so as to prevent the agglomerated chelation product from falling and causing the scattering of the chelation product in the collection device.

[0040] In addition, the setting of the force sensor A can also accurately control the discharge amount of the chelating mixer.

[0041] ​2) The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present application is provided with a sliding telescopic assembly on the chelation mixer, and the sliding telescopic of the telescopic discharge pipe of the sliding telescopic assembly can adapt to the height difference between the discharge port of the chelation mixer and the lower container bag, so that the discharge port can be closely aligned with the container bag for discharging, and the scattering and leakage in the chelation product collection process are eliminated.

[0042] 3) The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present application is provided with a collection frame with variable internal cavity volume, which can adapt to the size of the container bag and also support and regularize the shape of the container bag, so that the container bag still maintains the specified shape after being filled with materials.

[0043] 4) The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system of the present application is provided with a material level meter inside the ash collector, a force sensor A on the ash collector support, and a loss-on-ignition balance at the discharge port of the ash collector, and the support of the chelation mixer is provided with a force sensor B, and the container bag collection device is provided with a force sensor C, which sequentially measures the material level of the ash collector, the total weight of the ash collector and the internal incineration fly ash, the weight of the incineration fly ash used for each chelation pretreatment, the weight of the chelation product generated by each chelation mixing, and the weight of the chelation product after being bagged by each chelation mixing, and these weighing and measuring data are transmitted to the weighing and measuring system, so that the weighing and measuring closed-loop control of the whole process of the incineration fly ash in the plant can be realized, and the problems such as equipment blockage and leakage can be quickly found and corresponding measures can be taken; the present application is used to solve the problems such as lack of weighing and measuring closed loop, poor workshop environmental hygiene, and low utilization rate of subsequent treatment space in the whole process of the incineration fly ash in the plant.

[0044] 5) The state sensing method of the whole process of the operation of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system can accurately judge the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system, so as to judge whether the operation state of the chelation mixer is abnormal or the discharge port of the chelation mixer is blocked. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Fig. 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the incineration fly ash treatment and collection device.

[0046] Fig. 2 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the collection device.

[0047] Fig. 3 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the collection device.

[0048] Fig. 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the telescopic feeding assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0050] After analysis, the reason for the current in-plant chelation pretreatment bag packing is that the chelation product formed in the chelation mixer may form a group and adhere to the inner wall of the chelation mixer without falling off, or adhere to the discharge port of the chelation mixer and block the discharge port of the chelation mixer, so that there is residual chelation product on the chelation mixer;

[0051] When subsequent incineration fly ash enters the chelation mixer for chelation mixing, the chelation product adhering to the inner wall of the chelation mixer may be leaked in large quantities from the discharge port of the chelation mixer and fall on the chelation product in the collecting device, causing the chelation product to be scattered and leaked; this unexpected situation cannot be improved by adjusting the position of the discharge port of the mixer and adding a curtain cover according to the expected discharge amount.

[0052] In addition, the chelation product blocking the discharge port of the chelation mixer will affect the discharge efficiency of the chelation mixer and also cause the amount of chelation product collected in the collecting device to be inaccurate, resulting in inconsistent weight of the collecting device after loading and reducing the space utilization rate of subsequent storage, transportation and landfill.

[0053] At the same time, the position of the discharge port of the chelation mixer is fixed and cannot be adjusted to match the occasional changes in the discharge amount, resulting in a large height difference between the chelation mixer and the collecting device below, which makes the chelation product prone to scattering during bagging.

[0054] Reference Figs. 1-4 , the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system comprises a chelation mixer 4 and a collecting device 6.

[0055] The chelation mixer 4 has a first feed port for feeding incineration fly ash, a second feed port for feeding chelating agent, and a discharge device for discharging chelation product formed by mixing incineration fly ash and chelating agent;

[0056] The collecting device 6 is arranged corresponding to the position of the discharge device for collecting chelation product discharged from the discharge device;

[0057] The force sensor A is installed on the chelating mixer 4 to obtain the weight difference Δm = m1 - m2 - m3, wherein the weight of the chelated product out of the chelating mixer 4 is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and the chelating agent into the chelating mixer 4 are m2 and m3 respectively. Alternatively, the weight m2 of the incineration fly ash, the weight m3 of the chelating agent and the weight m1 of the chelated product can be obtained respectively, and then Δm is calculated. As preferred, the chelating mixer 4 of the present application is supported by a chelating mixer support, and the force sensor A is arranged between the chelating mixer support and the chelating mixer 4. Then, the weight change of the chelating mixer 4 and the materials inside the chelating mixer 4 detected by the force sensor A can be used to obtain Δm, and it can be determined whether the chelated product is adhered to the inner wall of the chelating mixer 4 or blocks the discharge port of the chelating mixer 4.

[0058] According to the consistency of the historical Δm, it is determined whether the chelating mixer is in a normal state. When the chelating mixer is in a normal working state, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge amount. When the consistency of Δm and the historical data is high, i.e. the difference is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the chelating mixer is in a normal state, and the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the sum of the expected discharge amounts m2 and m3 (m2+m3).

[0059] After the discharge, if the chelating mixer is in an abnormal state, the chelated product is adhered to the inner wall of the chelating mixer or blocks the discharge port of the chelating mixer, and the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge amount, the container bag is not full, but will not cause dusting and leakage. At this time, the consistency of Δm and the historical data is low, i.e. the difference is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the chelating mixer is in an abnormal state, and the chelating mixer is cleaned in time, which can effectively avoid dusting and leakage.

[0060] After the chelating mixer is cleaned, the state of the chelating mixer is reset to normal.

[0061] When the consistency of Δm and the historical data is low, i.e. the difference is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the chelating mixer is in an abnormal state, for example, the chelated product is adhered to the inner wall of the chelating mixer or blocks the discharge port of the chelating mixer, and the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharge amount. The container bag is not full, but will not cause dusting and leakage. Even if the chelating mixer is cleaned and the chelating mixer is in a normal working state, dusting and leakage can be effectively avoided.

[0062] Further, the discharging device comprises a fixed pipe 5 and a sliding telescopic assembly, the sliding telescopic assembly comprises a plurality of driving cylinders 7 and a telescopic discharging pipe, the driving cylinders 7 are circumferentially arranged around the periphery of the fixed pipe 5, preferably four driving cylinders 7 are vertically arranged around the periphery of the fixed pipe 5, the driving cylinders 7 can be fixed on the fixed pipe 5 or the body of the chelating mixer 4, the inner wall of the telescopic discharging pipe wraps the outer wall of the fixed pipe 5, preferably the inner wall of the upper end wraps the outer wall of the fixed pipe 5, and the telescopic discharging pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed pipe 5, the driving cylinders 7 are connected to the lower end of the telescopic discharging pipe for driving the telescopic discharging pipe to extend or retract, so that the discharging port of the telescopic discharging pipe is raised with the increase of the chelated product in the collecting device 6, thereby keeping the distance between the discharging port of the telescopic discharging pipe and the chelated product in the collecting device 6 within a set threshold range, and eliminating the scattering and leakage of the chelated product during the collection of the chelated product by the collecting device 6. The driving cylinders 7 can be pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders or electric cylinders.

[0063] Further, the collecting device 6 comprises a base, a collecting frame, a collecting bag and an auxiliary driving cylinder 16, the inner cavity of the collecting frame faces the discharging device, the collecting frame comprises a displacement plate 10 and a fixed plate 12, the displacement plate 10 and the fixed plate 12 enclose the inner cavity of the collecting frame, the fixed plate 12 is fixedly installed on the base, the displacement plate 10 is movably installed on the base, the auxiliary driving cylinder 16 is installed on the base and connected to the displacement plate 10 for driving the displacement plate 10 to move, thereby changing the volume of the inner cavity of the collecting frame, the collecting bag is sleeved on the collecting frame and is jointly received by the displacement plate 10 and the fixed plate 12 of the collecting frame for collecting the chelated product. The inner cavity of the collecting frame is preferably a rectangular cavity, so that the collecting bag remains a regular cube after being filled with materials.

[0064] When the chelating mixer is normally working, the volume of the collecting device is determined according to the expected discharging amount. The driving control signal of the collecting device is provided by the control system, when it is needed to start collecting the chelated product, the control system will issue a control signal according to the preset program to start the auxiliary driving cylinder.

[0065] Further, the base is also provided with a transmission gear 15 and a plurality of guide rods 13, the transmission gear 15 is preferably driven by a motor installed on the base, the displacement plate 10 is provided with a transmission rack 9, the transmission rack 9 is engaged with the transmission gear 15, and the displacement plate 10 is movably sleeved on each of the guide rods 13. When the collecting device 6 is started, the displacement plate 10 is closed to the fixed plate 12 through the rotation of the transmission gear 15 and the movement of the auxiliary driving cylinder, and finally forms a collecting frame. During the collection process, the transmission gear 15, the guide rod 13 and the transmission rack 9 on the displacement plate are used to realize the accurate control of the displacement plate. At the same time, the base of the collecting device is installed on the ground guide rail through a sliding block, and can be moved on the guide rail according to the needs, which is convenient for collecting and transporting the chelated product, and the movement control signal is also sent and adjusted by the control system according to the overall operation process.

[0066] The base includes a bottom plate 14 and a side plate, the bottom plate 14 is provided with the guide rods 13 and the transmission gear 15, the side wall of the bottom plate 14 is provided with a driving groove 11, one end of the transmission gear 15 extends to the outside of the bottom plate 14 through the driving groove 11, and the guide rods 13 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 14, the guide rods 13 are arranged between the displacement plate 10 and the fixed plate 12, one end of the displacement plate 10 is provided with the transmission rack 9, and the other end is provided with the telescopic rod of the auxiliary driving cylinder 16, and the auxiliary driving cylinder 16 is installed on the side plate of the base. The auxiliary driving cylinder 16 can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0067] In use, the device is started, the transmission gear 15 rotates, the transmission gear 15 is engaged with the transmission rack 9, and the auxiliary driving cylinder is pushed forward at the same time, the transmission rack 9 drives the displacement plate 10 to move, until the displacement plate 10 moves to the set position, the shipping bag is placed in place, the telescopic rod of the driving cylinder 7 is expanded, and then the telescopic material pipe 8 is pushed to slide downward along the specified direction, and the lower end of the telescopic material pipe 8 extends into the shipping bag, when the chelated product in the shipping bag reaches the limited weight, the feeding is stopped, the shipping bag is packed and shaped by the collecting device 6, and then is transported through the ground guide rail.

[0068] Further, the base is installed on the ground guide rail through a sliding block. The ground guide rail is used to transport the shipping bag filled with chelated product out, keep the shape of the shipping bag regular, and transport the collecting device 6 back to the lower side of the discharge port of the chelated mixing machine 4.

[0069] Further, the device further includes an ash collector 2 and a metering tank 3, the ash collector 2 is provided with a conveying pipeline 1 to convey the incineration fly ash into the ash collector 2, the discharge port of the ash collector 2 is connected to the feeding port of the metering tank 3, and the discharge port of the metering tank 3 is connected to the first feeding port of the chelated mixing machine 4.

[0070] The ash hopper 2 is supported by an ash hopper frame, and a force sensor B is installed between the ash hopper frame and the ash hopper 2 to obtain the weight difference of incineration fly ash entering and leaving the ash hopper 2.

[0071] A force sensor C is installed on the base of the collection device 6 to obtain the weight of the chelated product in the collection device 6. The weight of the chelated product in the collection device 6 can be obtained in unit time, so that the driving speed of the telescopic discharge pipe can be driven by the driving cylinder 7. Alternatively, the weight of the chelated product in the collection device 6 can be obtained in unit time according to the weight measured by the force sensor C, so that the driving speed of the telescopic discharge pipe can be driven by the driving cylinder 7, which can effectively avoid dusting.

[0072] A level gauge is arranged in the ash hopper 2 to obtain the height change of the incineration fly ash in the ash hopper 2.

[0073] A loss-in-weight scale is arranged at the discharge port of the ash hopper 2 to obtain the weight of the incineration fly ash entering the metering tank 3.

[0074] Further, a weighing device is installed at the lower end discharge port of the metering tank 3 to detect and measure the weight of the fly ash in the tank.

[0075] The present application sets a telescopic sliding telescopic assembly to improve the feeding accuracy. In use, the bag is placed in an open state on the collection frame, and the telescopic discharge pipe of the telescopic sliding telescopic assembly can adapt to the height difference between the discharge port of the chelation mixer 4 and the bag below, so that the discharge port of the telescopic discharge pipe can be closely aligned with the discharge port of the bag, eliminating dusting and leakage during bagging, thereby effectively avoiding the generation of dust flying. After fixing, start the equipment, the incineration fly ash enters the metering tank 3 from the ash hopper 2, and the weighing device on the metering tank 3 weighs, when the incineration fly ash reaches the required weight, the incineration fly ash is transported to the chelation mixer 4, and after mixing, the treated incineration fly ash is fed into the bag through the fixed discharge pipe 5 and the telescopic discharge pipe. The filled bag is kept regular cubic through the collection frame, and after filling, the bag is transported to the designated position through the ground guide rail, completing the collection and transportation of the treated incineration fly ash.

[0076] During the above working process, the force sensor continuously transmits data to the control system, and the average value and standard deviation of the transmission data are calculated batch by batch to form a whole process weighing and metering account. The average value can reflect the overall weight level, and the standard deviation can measure the dispersion degree of the data. If the standard deviation is small, the data is relatively stable, and the measurement accuracy is high. If the standard deviation is large, the reliability of the data needs to be further checked, and whether the instrument is malfunctioning.

[0077] At present, in the data processing of incineration fly ash factory, only the weight value is simply recorded, the data is lack of in-depth analysis and utilization, the problems in the equipment running state in the processing process such as equipment blockage, material leakage and other abnormal conditions cannot be found in time according to the change trend of weight data, and the accurate evaluation and optimization of the processing effect cannot be realized.

[0078] All electrical components and their adapted power supply are connected by wires, and the appropriate controller should be selected according to the actual situation to meet the control requirements. The specific connection and control sequence should refer to the working principle of the electrical components.

[0079] The incineration fly ash collecting and processing system of the application sets a material level meter in the ash collector 2, sets a force sensor A in the ash collector support, sets a loss-in-weight scale at the discharge port of the ash collector 2, sets a force sensor B in the support of the chelation mixer 4, and sets a force sensor C on the container bag collecting device 6, to sequentially measure the material level of the ash collector 2, the total weight of the ash collector 2 and the incineration fly ash inside, the weight of the incineration fly ash used for each chelation pretreatment, the weight of the chelation product generated by each chelation mixing, and the weight of the chelation product after being bagged by each chelation mixing, and to transmit these weighing and measuring data to the control system, so as to realize the weighing and measuring closed-loop control of the whole process of the incineration fly ash in the factory material flow. The weighing and measuring system is used to receive the weight data of each part.

[0080] The weighing and measuring system collects the weighing and measuring data of the whole process of the factory material flow in real time, calculates the average value and the standard deviation of the incineration fly ash weight data before, during and after the processing in a period of time. The average value can reflect the overall weight level, and the standard deviation can measure the dispersion degree of the data. If the standard deviation is small, the data is relatively stable, and the accuracy of the measurement is high; if the standard deviation is large, the reliability of the data needs to be further checked, and whether the instrument is malfunctioning needs to be detected. The whole process weighing and measuring account book is formed (it should be noted that these weighing and measuring sensors are provided with redundancy, and the weighing and measuring data checking and verification module of the control system can perform closed-loop analysis on these redundant weighing and measuring data); the weighing and measuring data of each link of the control system is used to realize the automatic control of the incineration fly ash discharge, chelation pretreatment, bagging and transportation; the control system monitors the weight of the chelation pretreatment product after being bagged each time, and closes the discharge port of the chelation mixer 4 when the weight reaches the set limit value, to keep the weight of the container bag after being filled consistent.

[0081] The driving control signal of the discharge device mainly comes from the monitoring of the material state in the collecting device. Specifically, the weight information of the chelation product in the collecting device is obtained through the force sensor C installed on the collecting device, and the weight change rate AW3 is calculated by combining factors such as time.

[0082] When the weight change rate ΔW3 is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3min during normal discharge, it is determined that the discharge port of the chelating mixer may be blocked. At this time, the control system will issue a corresponding control signal to stop the operation of the discharge device and may trigger an alarm device to prompt the operator to check and handle the situation. Under normal discharge conditions, the volume of the collection device is determined according to the expected discharge volume. Based on the preset discharge speed, the control system will generate a corresponding control signal to drive the drive cylinder, causing the discharge port of the retractable discharge pipe to rise as the chelated product in the collection device increases, maintaining the distance between the discharge port and the chelated product within a set threshold range, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the discharge.

[0083] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for state perception of the entire operation process of the incineration fly ash collection and treatment system is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0084] 1) Judging the feeding status of ash hopper 2:

[0085] The weighing sensor B installed on the ash hopper 2, used to obtain the total weight of the ash hopper 2 and the incinerated fly ash inside it, measures the weight values ​​W1(t1) and W1(t2) at time points t1 and t2, respectively. Then, the weight change rate ΔW1 of the ash hopper 2 during the time period t1 to t2 is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, the expected weight change rate during normal feeding of ash hopper 2 is set to ΔW1. * When |ΔW 1- ΔW1 * When |>1, the feeding status of ash hopper 2 is judged to be abnormal. t2>t1, 1 is the first allowable error threshold, which is determined according to the actual equipment and process.

[0088] Let the weight values ​​of the discharged material measured by the loss-in-weight scale at the discharge port of ash hopper 2 at time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt be W respectively. ls (t1-Δt), W ls If (t2-Δt), then the rate of change of discharge weight ΔW of ash hopper 2 during the time period (t1-Δt) to (t2-Δt) is... ls for:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, Δt is the delay time for the incineration fly ash to enter the first feed port of the mixer from the discharge port of the ash collection hopper 2 through the metering tank 3, that is, the time it takes for the incineration fly ash to pass through the metering tank 3.

[0091] The stress values measured by the force sensor A at time points t1 and t2 are S2(t1) and S2(t2) respectively, and the stress change rate formula is:

[0092]

[0093] Note: When calculating ΔW LS and ΔS2, the data collection time points are adjusted accordingly. When calculating, ΔW LS , the weight loss scale data W LS (t1-Δt) and W LS (t2-Δt) corresponding to the time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt of the ash collection hopper 2 discharge port are used to ensure that the calculated discharge weight change rate corresponds to the actual material amount entering the mixer and producing stress effect. When calculating ΔS2, the mixer support stress sensor data S2(t1) and S2(t2) corresponding to the time points t1 and t2 are still used. After time adjustment, and can better match in time, and the relationship between them is more in line with the actual operation.

[0094] Under normal circumstances, ΔS2 should be positively correlated with ΔW LS , and the expected relationship between ΔS2 and ΔW LS can be determined by establishing an empirical model, ΔS2=k*ΔW LS (k is a coefficient determined according to experimental or historical data).

[0095] 2) Chelating mixer 4 operation state judgment

[0096] When |ΔS2-k*ΔW LS |>2 (2 is the allowed second error threshold), it is judged that the chelating mixer 4 is in abnormal operation. This means that the deviation between the actual measured stress change rate and the expected stress change rate according to the discharge weight change rate exceeds the normal allowable range. Possible situations include: if ΔS2 is too large, it exceeds the expected k*ΔW LS , which may indicate problems such as increased rotational resistance due to material accumulation inside the mixer; if ΔS2 is too small, it may be due to material not entering the mixer normally or sensor failure. In this way, abnormal situations in the operation of the chelating mixer 4 can be discovered in time so that appropriate maintenance and adjustment measures can be taken.

[0097] Further, if the weight change rate ΔW3 measured by the force sensor C of the collection device 6 is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3 min during a set period of time, it is judged that the discharge port of the chelating mixer 4 is blocked, where ΔW3 min is a set weight change rate threshold determined according to equipment design and process.

[0098] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for state perception throughout the entire operation process of an incineration fly ash collection and treatment system, characterized in that, The incineration fly ash collection and treatment system includes a chelating mixer, a collection device, an ash hopper, and a metering tank; The chelating mixer has a first feed inlet for incineration fly ash, a second feed inlet for chelating agent, and a discharge device for discharging the chelated product formed by mixing incineration fly ash and chelating agent. The collecting device is arranged in a position corresponding to the discharging device to collect the chelated products exiting the discharging device; Force sensor A is installed on the chelating mixer; The ash collection hopper is equipped with a conveying pipe to transport incineration fly ash into the ash collection hopper. The discharge port of the ash collection hopper is connected to the inlet of the metering tank. The discharge port of the metering tank is connected to the first inlet of the chelating mixer. A loss-in-weight scale is provided at the discharge port of the ash collection hopper to obtain the weight of the incineration fly ash entering the metering tank. Specifically, the following steps are included: 1) Judging the feeding status of the ash hopper: A force sensor B installed on the ash hopper, used to obtain the total weight of the ash hopper and the incinerated fly ash inside, measures weight values ​​W1(t1) and W1(t2) at time points t1 and t2, respectively. Then, the weight change rate ΔW1 of the ash hopper during the time period t1 to t2 is: Among them, the expected weight change rate during normal feeding of the ash hopper is set to ΔW1. * When |ΔW 1- ΔW1 * When |>∈1, the feeding status of the ash hopper is judged to be abnormal, t2>t1, and ∈1 is the first allowable error threshold; Suppose that the weight values ​​of the discharged material measured by the loss-in-weight scale at the discharge port of the ash hopper at time points t1-Δt and t2-Δt are W respectively. ls (t1-Δt), W ls If (t2-Δt), then the rate of change of discharge weight ΔW from the ash collection hopper during the time period (t1-Δt) to (t2-Δt) is... ls for: Wherein, Δt is the delay time for incineration fly ash to enter the first feed port of the chelating mixer from the ash collection hopper outlet through the metering tank, which is also the time it takes for incineration fly ash to pass through the metering tank. Let the stress values ​​measured by force sensor A at time points t1 and t2 be S2(t1) and S2(t2), respectively. The formula for the rate of change of stress is: Determine ΔS2 and ΔW ls The expected relationship is obtained as ΔS2=k×ΔW ls , where k is a set coefficient; 2) Judging the operating status of the chelation mixer When |ΔS2-k×ΔW ls When |>∈2, the chelating mixer is judged to be in an abnormal operating state, where ∈2 is the second allowable error threshold.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Force sensor A is installed on the chelating mixer and is also used to obtain the weight difference Δm = m1 - m2 - m3, where the weight of the chelated product coming out of the chelating mixer is m1, and the weights of the incineration fly ash and chelating agent entering the chelating mixer are m2 and m3, respectively. Based on the consistency of historical Δm, it is determined whether the chelating mixer is in normal condition. When the chelating mixer is working normally, the volume of the collection device is determined according to the expected output, i.e., the sum of m2 and m3.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge device includes a fixed material pipe and a sliding telescopic assembly. The sliding telescopic assembly includes a drive cylinder and a telescopic discharge pipe. There are multiple drive cylinders, which are circumferentially arranged around the fixed material pipe. The inner wall of the telescopic discharge pipe wraps around the outer wall of the fixed material pipe, and the telescopic discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed material pipe. The drive cylinder is connected to the lower end of the telescopic discharge pipe and is used to drive the telescopic discharge pipe to extend and retract, so that the discharge port at the lower end of the telescopic discharge pipe rises as the chelated products in the collection device increase. This keeps the distance between the discharge port of the telescopic discharge pipe and the chelated products in the collection device within a set threshold range, thereby eliminating the scattering and leakage of chelated products during the collection process.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection device includes a base, a collection frame, a container bag, and an auxiliary drive cylinder. The inner cavity of the collection frame faces the discharge device. The collection frame includes a displacement plate and a fixed plate, which together form the inner cavity of the collection frame. The fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the base, and the displacement plate is movably mounted on the base. The auxiliary drive cylinder is mounted on the base and connected to the displacement plate to drive the displacement plate to move, thereby changing the volume of the inner cavity of the collection frame. The container bag is fitted onto the collection frame and is supported by the displacement plate and the fixed plate of the collection frame for collecting chelation products.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base is also equipped with a transmission gear and multiple guide rods. A transmission rack is installed on the displacement plate, and the transmission rack meshes with the transmission gear. The displacement plate is movably mounted on each of the guide rods.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base is mounted on a ground guide rail via a slider.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chelating mixer is supported by a chelating mixer support, and the force sensor A is provided between the chelating mixer support and the chelating mixer. The ash collection hopper is supported by an ash collection hopper frame, and a force sensor B is installed between the ash collection hopper frame and the ash collection hopper to obtain the weight difference of the incineration fly ash entering and leaving the ash collection hopper. A force sensor C is installed on the base of the collection device to obtain the weight of the chelation product inside the collection device; The ash collection hopper is equipped with a level gauge to obtain the height change of the incineration fly ash in the ash collection hopper.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, A weighing device is installed at the lower outlet of the metering tank to perform overall weighing and measurement of fly ash and fly ash in the tank.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, Within a set period of time, if the rate of change of weight of the collecting device ΔW3 measured by force sensor C is less than the expected minimum value ΔW3 during normal discharge, min If the discharge port of the chelating mixer is blocked, then it is determined that ΔW3 is blocked. min The set threshold for the rate of change of weight.

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