Friction stir additive manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a friction stir additive manufacturing device and method.The device comprises a control system, an additive tool and a base plate, the control system is connected with the additive tool, and the inclination angle of the additive tool relative to the base plate can be adjusted; a discharging port and a shaft shoulder are arranged at the lower end of the material adding tool, the discharging port outputs material adding raw materials to the surface of the base plate, and the shaft shoulder surrounds the discharging port and is used for conducting rotary friction on the material adding raw materials to obtain material adding raw materials in a plastic state and compacting the material adding raw materials in the plastic state; the included angle between the shaft shoulder and the base plate is within a preset angle range. According to the friction stir additive manufacturing device and method, the forging effect below the shaft shoulder is enhanced, the driving capacity of an additive tool to materials is improved, an additive body is more compact, the flash condition is less, and therefore the performance of the additive body is improved, and the material utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a device and method for friction stir additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing (FSAM), as a new additive manufacturing technology, surpasses the traditional additive technology using melt forming, has great advantages in the manufacturing of light metal structural parts, and is widely used in aviation equipment manufacturing, transportation, machinery manufacturing and other fields.

[0003] However, the existing technology mainly improves the performance of the additive body by designing the surface features of the additive tool or controlling the temperature, ignoring the improvement of the forging effect during the additive process, resulting in the additive body being not dense enough and the performance of the additive body failing to meet the ideal requirements. At the same time, due to the low driving ability of the additive tool on the material, some materials will form flash on both sides of the additive body, reducing the material utilization rate.

[0004] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed to address the problems in related technologies that additive manufacturing devices ignore the lifting forging effect during the additive process and that the additive tool has a low ability to drive the material. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a device and method for friction stir additive manufacturing, which at least solves the problem in the related art that the additive manufacturing device ignores the lifting forging effect during the additive process and the additive tool has a low driving ability on the material.

[0006] The invention provides a friction stir additive manufacturing device, comprising a control system, an additive tool and a substrate, wherein the control system is connected to the additive tool and can adjust the inclination angle of the additive tool relative to the substrate;

[0007] The lower end of the additive tool is provided with a discharge port and a shoulder, the discharge port outputs the additive raw material to the surface of the substrate, and the shoulder surrounds the discharge port, and is used to perform rotational friction on the additive raw material to obtain the additive raw material in a plastic state, and compact the additive raw material in a plastic state;

[0008] Wherein, the included angle between the shoulder and the substrate is within a preset angle range.

[0009] The present invention creates an embodiment of the friction stir additive manufacturing device, wherein the preset angle range is 1°≤θ≤7°, and θ represents the included angle.

[0010] The friction stir additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes a feeding mechanism and a driving system;

[0011] The upper end of the additive tool is fixedly connected to the feeding mechanism;

[0012] The driving system is connected to the additive tool to drive the additive tool to rotate and perform stirring. The driving system is also connected to the control system to be controlled by the control system.

[0013] The invention provides a friction stir additive manufacturing device in an embodiment of the invention, wherein the shoulder and the discharge port are cylindrical, and the diameter of the shoulder is 4 to 30 mm larger than the diameter of the discharge port.

[0014] The invention provides a friction stir additive manufacturing device in an embodiment of the invention, wherein the shoulder comprises at least one of the following: a flat shoulder, a concave shoulder, and a shoulder with one or more bosses; the additive raw material comprises at least one of the following: a rod-shaped additive raw material, a filament-shaped additive raw material, and a powdered additive raw material.

[0015] The friction stir additive manufacturing method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0016] delivering additive raw materials into the additive tool;

[0017] Outputting the additive raw material to the surface of the substrate through the outlet of the additive tool, and performing rotational friction on the additive raw material through the shoulder surrounding the outlet to obtain the additive raw material in a plastic state;

[0018] Controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction, laying the additive raw material in a plastic state along the predetermined direction, and compacting the additive raw material through the shoulder;

[0019] Wherein, the target posture is: the angle between the shoulder and the substrate is within a preset angle range.

[0020] The friction stir additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention further comprises: before controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction, the method further comprises:

[0021] adjusting the additive tool to the target posture;

[0022] The additive tool adjusted to the target posture reaches a starting position;

[0023] Controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction includes:

[0024] Control the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move from the starting position to an end position along a predetermined direction;

[0025] Judging whether the additive is complete based on the thickness and shape of the additive body;

[0026] When the material addition is completed, stopping the movement of the material addition tool;

[0027] In the case where the additive process is not yet completed, the additive tool is lifted to a specified height and then moved to a new starting point, and the additive tool is continuously controlled to move along the predetermined direction while maintaining the target posture.

[0028] The invention provides a method for friction stir additive manufacturing, which further comprises:

[0029] When the material addition is completed, stopping the feeding of the material addition raw material into the material addition tool;

[0030] When the additive process is not yet completed, the additive raw material is continuously fed into the additive tool.

[0031] The friction stir additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, after adjusting the additive tool to reach the starting position, the method further includes:

[0032] Setting a preset rotation speed for the rotation speed of the additive tool;

[0033] After the rotation speed of the additive tool reaches the preset rotation speed, the additive tool is controlled to move along the predetermined direction while maintaining the target posture.

[0034] The friction stir additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention controls the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction, and the method further includes:

[0035] The additive tool is controlled to move at a preset speed.

[0036] The present invention provides a device and method for stir friction additive manufacturing, which solves the problem that the additive manufacturing device in the related art ignores the lifting forging effect during the additive process and the additive tool has a low driving ability on the material, strengthens the forging effect under the shoulder, and improves the driving ability of the additive tool on the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a friction stir additive manufacturing device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for friction stir additive manufacturing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a test schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the invention.

[0042] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0043] 10—control system; 20—additive tool; 201—shaft shoulder; 202—discharging port; 30—substrate;

[0044] 40—feeding mechanism; 50—additive body; 60—working table;

[0045] 0401—Computing unit; 0402—Read-only memory (ROM); 0403—Random access memory (RAM);

[0046] 0404—bus; 0405—input / output (I / O) interface; 0406—input unit; 0407—output unit;

[0047] 0408—storage unit; 0409—communication unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The main feature of friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM) is to increase the temperature of the material to a plastic state through high-speed friction stir, and then deposit metal layer by layer on the surface of the workpiece. The friction stir principle of FSAM is similar to that of friction stir welding (FSW), which eliminates the melting and solidification process required for traditional molten additive manufacturing, and avoids problems such as coarse grains, structural segregation, thermal cracks, looseness and high residual stress. The material added by FSAM produces a forged structure rather than a cast structure under the action of thermal mechanical processing, so it has excellent mechanical properties. FSAM can not only be used for structural parts, but can also be extended to the coating, repair and connection of metal parts.

[0050] However, the existing FSAM device mainly improves the performance of the additive body by designing the surface features of the additive tool or controlling the temperature, ignoring the improvement of the forging effect during the additive process, resulting in the additive body being not dense enough and the performance of the additive body failing to meet the ideal requirements. At the same time, due to the low driving ability of the additive tool on the material, some materials will form flash on both sides of the additive body, reducing the material utilization rate.

[0051] To this end, the embodiments of the present invention provide a device and method for stir friction additive manufacturing.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the friction stir additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a control system 10, an additive tool 20 and a substrate 30. The control system 10 is connected to the additive tool 20 and can adjust the inclination angle of the additive tool 20 relative to the substrate 30.

[0053] The lower end of the additive tool 20 is provided with a shoulder 201 and a discharge port 202. The discharge port 202 outputs the additive raw material to the surface of the substrate 30. The shoulder 201 surrounds the discharge port 202 and is used to perform rotational friction on the additive raw material to obtain the additive raw material in a plastic state, and to compact the additive raw material in a plastic state.

[0054] The included angle between the shoulder 201 and the substrate 30 is within a preset angle range.

[0055] The above-mentioned stir friction additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the invention sets the angle between the shoulder and the substrate within a preset angle range to strengthen the forging effect under the shoulder and improve the driving ability of the additive tool on the material, making the additive body denser and less likely to have flash, thereby improving the performance of the additive body and material utilization.

[0056] Next, the above-mentioned friction stir additive manufacturing device is introduced in detail:

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, the additive tool 20 is tilted under the control of the control system 10;

[0058] The compacted additive raw material forms an additive body on the substrate 30. When the angle between the shoulder 201 and the substrate 30 is θ and satisfies the preset angle range of 0°<θ≤15°, the additive body is subjected to the axial force provided by the additive tool in addition to the pressure along the height direction brought by the additive raw material itself.

[0059] Among them, the pressure along the vertical direction is concentrated below the discharge port 202 and cannot fully act on the shoulder 201; the axial force component provided by the additive tool strengthens the forging effect below the shoulder 201, which can promote close contact between the interfaces of the additive body layers, strengthen mechanical film breaking, and thus improve the performance of the additive body.

[0060] The pressure along the height direction is the pressure perpendicular to the substrate / AM surface and is applied along the AM direction V.

[0061] The axial force component refers to the force component decomposed along a specific axial direction under the action of certain forces; in the embodiment of the present invention, the additive tool applies a resultant force F to the additive body during the movement, the direction of the resultant force F is consistent with the additive manufacturing direction V, and the resultant force F is decomposed along a straight line perpendicular to the plane where the shoulder is located. 1 This is the axial force component mentioned above, F 1 The size of F 1 =F*sinθ.

[0062] The control of the additive tool 20 by the control system 10 is not limited to controlling the tilt angle.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the additive tool 20 is inclined in the opposite direction of the additive manufacturing direction V, but in actual application, according to the shape characteristics of the shoulder 201 and the shape requirements of the additive body, the inclination direction of the additive tool 20 may not be limited to the opposite direction of the additive manufacturing direction V.

[0064] An adjustable workbench may be used to achieve the tilting of the additive tool relative to the substrate so that the angle between the shoulder and the substrate is within a preset angle range.

[0065] Exemplarily, the substrate is placed on a workbench, and the angle of the workbench relative to the ground can be adjusted manually or by the above-mentioned control system. When the workbench is adjusted by the above-mentioned control system, the additive tool is controlled to remain vertical, and the angle of the workbench relative to the ground is equal to the angle between the shoulder and the substrate. Furthermore, according to actual conditions, the inclination angle of the additive tool and the angle of the workbench relative to the ground can also be adjusted and controlled at the same time.

[0066] Preferably, the preset angle range is 1°≤θ≤7°.

[0067] When 0°<θ<1°, the compaction effect of the shoulder on the additive raw material is not significantly improved, the driving force on the additive raw material is low, flash is easily formed on the additive body, and the material utilization rate is low.

[0068] When 7°<θ≤15°, the contact surface between the front edge of the shoulder and the additive body is small, the friction force is small, and it is not conducive to material flow. However, the contact surface between the rear edge of the shoulder and the additive body is large, and the rear edge of the shoulder is easily inserted into the interior of the additive body, causing part of the additive raw material to be squeezed to both sides of the additive body to form a concave surface.

[0069] Optionally, the control system includes a control unit, a sensor and a user interface.

[0070] The control unit includes a main controller and a motion controller; the main controller is responsible for the logic control and decision-making of the above-mentioned devices; the motion controller is specifically used to control mechanical movement, and the motion controller is connected to the additive tool.

[0071] Additive manufacturing based on logic control can improve production efficiency and reduce human errors.

[0072] The sensors include a position sensor, a force sensor and a temperature sensor. The position sensor and the force sensor are arranged on the substrate. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the additive raw material in the plastic state. The above sensors transmit the detected data information to the control unit via Ethernet or serial communication.

[0073] The user interface includes an operation panel and a software interface; the operation panel includes a touch screen and buttons for an operator to input motion instructions and control the motion state of the above-mentioned device; the software interface is used to design, simulate and preview the additive manufacturing process, as well as automatically monitor and adjust parameters in real time.

[0074] Optionally, an embodiment of the invention further includes a feeding mechanism and a driving system, wherein the upper end of the additive tool is fixedly connected to the feeding mechanism, and the driving system is connected to the additive tool to drive the additive tool to rotate and perform stirring. The driving system is also connected to the control system to be controlled by the control system.

[0075] The upper end of the additive tool is fixedly connected to the feeding mechanism to ensure smooth feeding.

[0076] The drive system includes a motor and a spindle, and the motor is connected to the additive tool through the spindle; the motor can be a servo motor or a stepper motor, or other types of motors; the motor is controlled by the above-mentioned motion controller. According to actual needs, the drive system can be designed as an integrated structure with the control system.

[0077] Preferably, the shoulder 201 and the discharge port 202 are cylindrical, and the diameter of the shoulder 201 is 4 to 30 mm larger than the diameter of the discharge port 202 .

[0078] The part where the shoulder diameter is larger than the outlet diameter determines the contact area between the shoulder and the substrate. When combined with the preset angle range of 1°≤θ≤7°, it can better enhance the forging effect under the entire additive tool and avoid forming a loose additive body.

[0079] Optionally, the shoulder includes at least one of the following: a flat shoulder, a concave shoulder, and a shoulder with one or more bosses.

[0080] The flat shoulder provides a simple contact surface, which can generate uniform friction heat and help the plasticization and flow of the additive raw materials; the concave shoulder can form a local cavity, which helps to gather the additive raw materials and concentrate the pressure, thereby improving the bonding strength; the shoulder with a boss can increase the contact area, increase the friction, and more effectively realize the plasticization of the additive raw materials. The design of the boss can also promote the uniform mixing of the additive raw materials and improve the microstructural uniformity and mechanical properties of the additive body.

[0081] It is worth noting that when there is no tilt angle between the additive tool and the substrate (there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate), the use of a shoulder with a boss has a particularly obvious problem that the additive body is not dense enough and is prone to flash formation.

[0082] Optionally, the additive raw material includes at least one of the following: rod-shaped additive raw material, filament-shaped additive raw material and powder-shaped additive raw material.

[0083] The friction stir additive manufacturing device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to various forms of additive raw materials and has good versatility.

[0084] The present invention also provides a method for friction stir additive manufacturing, see Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0085] Step S100, delivering the additive raw material into the additive tool;

[0086] Step S200, outputting the additive raw material to the surface of the substrate through the outlet of the additive tool, and rotating and rubbing the additive raw material through the shoulder surrounding the outlet to obtain the additive raw material in a plastic state; Step S300, controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction, laying the additive raw material in a plastic state along the predetermined direction, and compacting the additive raw material through the shoulder;

[0087] The target posture is as follows: the angle between the shoulder and the substrate is within a preset angle range.

[0088] The above-mentioned friction stir additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the invention controls the additive tool to keep the angle between the shoulder and the substrate within a preset angle range to move in a target posture, thereby strengthening the forging effect under the shoulder and improving the driving ability of the additive tool on the material, thereby improving the performance of the additive body and material utilization.

[0089] Next, the above-mentioned method of stir friction additive manufacturing is introduced in detail:

[0090] Specifically, before step S200, controlling the additive tool to maintain the target posture and move along the predetermined direction, the method further includes:

[0091] Adjust the additive tool to the target posture;

[0092] The additive tool with the target posture adjusted reaches the starting position.

[0093] Among them, the starting position needs to be determined according to the target shape and target thickness of the additive body; adjusting the additive tool to the target posture before reaching the starting position can avoid height errors caused by tilting.

[0094] Specifically, in step S200, controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction includes:

[0095] Controlling the additive tool to move from a starting position to an end position along a predetermined direction while maintaining a target posture;

[0096] Whether the additive is completed is determined based on the thickness and shape of the additive body; exemplary methods of determination include:

[0097] The thickness and shape information of the additive body is obtained through Artec 3D scanner, and the obtained information is analyzed by SOLIDWORKS software.

[0098] Alternatively, a portable coordinate measuring machine can be used to obtain thickness and shape information of the additive body, and combined with the FARO RevEng software platform for editing and analysis.

[0099] The operator may use other judgment methods or detection devices according to actual needs and convenient conditions. Specifically, when the thickness and shape of the additive body meet the set requirements, the additive process is completed and the movement of the additive tool is stopped.

[0100] When the thickness or shape of the additive body does not meet the set requirements, the additive process is not completed. The additive tool is lifted to a specified height and moved to a new starting point. The additive tool is continuously controlled to maintain the target posture and move in a predetermined direction.

[0101] Among them, raising the additive tool to a specified height can prevent the additive tool from squeezing the additive body during the process of moving to a new starting point, thereby improving the accuracy of additive manufacturing.

[0102] Preferably, the above method further comprises:

[0103] When the additive process is completed, the supply of additive raw materials to the additive tool is stopped;

[0104] When the additive process is not yet completed, the additive raw material is continuously fed into the additive tool.

[0105] In the process of the additive tool moving from the end position to the new starting position, the additive tool is controlled not to discharge material, but the additive raw material is still continuously transported into the additive tool.

[0106] Rod-shaped, filament-shaped, and powdered additive raw materials are all solid and need to reach a preset plastic state before they can be compacted by the shoulder. The time it takes for the additive raw materials to reach the preset plastic state can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed and additive temperature of the additive tool. By adjusting the delivery speed of the additive raw materials in combination with the rotation speed and additive temperature of the additive tool, the delivery speed of the additive raw materials can be adjusted and controlled, so that the outlet of the additive tool can be controlled to not discharge material, but the additive raw materials are still continuously delivered to the additive tool, thereby ensuring the continuity and material stability of the additive tool after the additive tool starts additive work at a new starting point.

[0107] Specifically, after adjusting the additive tool to reach the starting position, the method further includes:

[0108] Setting a preset rotation speed for the rotation speed of the additive tool;

[0109] After the rotation speed of the additive tool reaches a preset rotation speed, the additive tool is controlled to maintain a target posture and move in a predetermined direction, thereby ensuring that the additive raw material output by the additive tool has a relatively consistent plastic state.

[0110] To achieve different plastic states, different preset speeds can be set and combined with the additive temperature for more precise adjustment and control.

[0111] Specifically, in the initial stage, the additive tool is in a non-additive state before it moves to the starting position and reaches a preset rotation speed, and no material is discharged from the material outlet;

[0112] After reaching the preset speed, the additive tool is in the additive state before moving from the starting position to the end position, and the material is continuously and stably discharged from the outlet;

[0113] When the material addition is not completed, the additive tool is in a non-material adding state during the process of moving from the end position to the new starting position, and no material is discharged from the material outlet.

[0114] It is understandable that the end position of the additive tool can be manually adjusted or automatically controlled according to the target shape and target thickness of the additive body and the real-time additive situation. Specifically, in the process of controlling the additive tool to maintain the target posture and move along the predetermined direction, the above method also includes:

[0115] The additive tool is controlled to move at a preset speed to ensure that the additive raw material output by the additive tool is evenly laid.

[0116] Exemplarily, the embodiments of the present invention also provide test data of the above scheme to verify its technical effect, which are as follows:

[0117] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the workbench 60 maintains a horizontal posture, and the additive raw material is delivered to the additive tool 20 by the feeding mechanism 40. The additive tool 20 maintains an inclination and moves along a predetermined direction (additive manufacturing direction) V under the control of the control system, thereby laying and compacting the additive raw material in a plastic state on the substrate 30 to form an additive body 50.

[0118] In this test, a 6-series aluminum alloy bar with a diameter of 10-15 mm is used as the additive raw material, the discharge port diameter is 3-6 mm larger than the bar diameter, the angle θ between the shoulder and the substrate is 2.5°, the shoulder diameter is 5-10 mm larger than the discharge port diameter, the shoulder has two bosses with a height of 3 mm, the starting position of the additive tool is 1-2 mm above the substrate, the rotation speed is 300-400 rpm, the moving speed is 50-70 mm / min, and the specified height of the additive tool lifting when the additive is not completed is 1.5-2 mm. The performance data of the additive body 50 are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Table 1 Performance data of additive body

[0120]

[0121] Among them, X1, X2, and X3 are selected from three bottom layer sampling points distributed along the X-motion axis of the additive body 50, and Z1, Z2, and Z3 are selected from three different layer sampling points distributed along the Z-motion axis of the additive body 50.

[0122] Tensile strength is the maximum stress that a material can withstand without breaking when subjected to tensile force.

[0123] Yield strength is the critical stress at which a material changes from elastic deformation to plastic deformation under the action of external force. When the stress reaches the yield point, the material will continue to undergo obvious plastic deformation even if the external force no longer increases.

[0124] The elongation after fracture is the elongation of the gauge length section after the material breaks during the stretching process, which represents the maximum deformation degree that the material can withstand before breaking. The greater the elongation after fracture, the better the material's ability to withstand impact loads, the stronger its plastic deformation ability, and the smaller the defects of the weakly bonded parts.

[0125] Among them, the greater the tensile strength and yield strength, the better the strength and rigidity of the material; the greater the elongation after fracture, the better the plasticity and toughness of the material.

[0126] Specifically, in order to address the problem that the existing additive manufacturing devices ignore the forging effect during the additive process and the additive tools have low driving ability on the material, the performance of the additive body is evaluated based on the elongation after fracture, but it is also necessary to ensure that the additive body has certain tensile strength and yield strength.

[0127] Specifically, since the forging effect is mainly reflected in the Z-axis direction, the three bottom sampling points X1, X2, and X3 selected in the X-axis direction are only used as a reference.

[0128] In terms of tensile strength, the values ​​of X1, X2, and X3 are 318.517, 335.666, and 333.974, respectively, when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the substrate; and the values ​​of X1, X2, and X3 are 335.298, 327.614, and 336.827, respectively, when there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate. A comparison shows that there is not much difference.

[0129] In terms of yield strength, X1, X2, and X3 are 296.848, 303.516, and 304.824 respectively when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the base plate, and X1, X2, and X3 are 299.695, 292.25, and 305.344 respectively when there is no angle between the shoulder and the base plate. A comparison shows that there is not much difference.

[0130] In terms of elongation after fracture, X1, X2, and X3 are 20.75, 15, and 14.875 respectively when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the substrate, and X1, X2, and X3 are 19, 16.38, and 15.5 respectively when there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate. A comparison shows that there is not much difference.

[0131] It can be seen that the presence or absence of an angle between the shoulder and the substrate has little effect on the performance of the additive body 50 on the X-axis.

[0132] Specifically, in the Z-axis direction, when there is an angle between the shoulder and the substrate, the performance of the additive body 50 is significantly improved.

[0133] In terms of tensile strength, the values ​​of Z1, Z2, and Z3 are 340.111, 323.321, and 323.043, respectively, when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the substrate; and the values ​​of Z1, Z2, and Z3 are 318.494, 324.865, and 329.127, respectively, when there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate. A comparison shows that there is not much difference.

[0134] In terms of yield strength, Z1, Z2, and Z3 are 303.153, 289.598, and 292.714 respectively when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the substrate, and Z1, Z2, and Z3 are 301.924, 303.97, and 298.97 respectively when there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate. A comparison shows that there is not much difference.

[0135] In terms of elongation after fracture, Z1, Z2, and Z3 are 16.875, 13.875, and 15.875 respectively when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the substrate, and Z1, Z2, and Z3 are 7.62, 7.25, and 6.25 respectively when there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate. Each layer of sampling points has a significantly higher elongation after fracture when there is a 2.5° angle between the shoulder and the substrate, which are 2.215 times, 1.914 times, and 2.54 times of that when there is no angle between the shoulder and the substrate, respectively.

[0136] The above comparative data can show that when there is an angle between the shoulder and the base plate, the additive body can have better plasticity and toughness while ensuring a certain strength and rigidity, reflecting the improvement of the forging effect on the performance of the additive body, indicating that the driving ability of the additive tool on the material has been improved.

[0137] The embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory machine-readable medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor of a computer, is used to cause the computer to execute the method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0138] The embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer program product, including a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor of a computer, is used to cause the computer to execute the method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0139] The embodiment of the invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the computer program is used to enable the electronic device to perform the method of the embodiment of the invention when executed by the at least one processor.

[0140] refer to Figure 4, a block diagram of an electronic device that can be used as a server or client of an embodiment of the invention will now be described, which is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to various aspects of the invention. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0141] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes a computing unit 0401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 0402 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 0408 to a random access memory (RAM) 0403. In the RAM 0403, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device can also be stored. The computing unit 0401, the ROM 0402, and the RAM 0403 are connected to each other via a bus 0404. An input / output (I / O) interface 0405 is also connected to the bus 0404.

[0142] Multiple components in the electronic device are connected to the I / O interface 0405, including: an input unit 0406, an output unit 0407, a storage unit 0408, and a communication unit 0409. The input unit 0406 can be any type of device that can input information to the electronic device, and the input unit 0406 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and / or function control of the electronic device. The output unit 0407 can be any type of device that can present information, and can include but is not limited to a display, a speaker, a video / audio output terminal, a vibrator, and / or a printer. The storage unit 0408 can include but is not limited to a disk, an optical disk. The communication unit 0409 allows the electronic device to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks, and can include but is not limited to a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, and / or a wireless communication transceiver, such as a Bluetooth device, a WiFi device, a WiMax device, a cellular communication device, and / or the like.

[0143] The computing unit 0401 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 0401 include, but are not limited to, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing units, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The computing unit 0401 performs the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the method embodiments created by the present invention may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 0408. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on an electronic device via ROM 0402 and / or communication unit 0409. In some embodiments, the computing unit 0401 may be configured to perform the above-described method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0144] The computer program for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that the computer program, when executed by the processor or controller, enables the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The computer program can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine as a stand-alone software package and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0145] In the context of the present invention, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable signal medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or infrared systems, devices, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media may include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROMs), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0146] It should be noted that the term "including" and its variations used in the embodiments of the present invention are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0147] The user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the embodiments of the present invention are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0148] The various steps described in the method implementation methods provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. In addition, the method implementation methods may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0149] The term "embodiment" in this specification refers to specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment that can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor does it mean that it is mutually exclusive with other embodiments and is independent or optional. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments refer to each other. In particular, for the device and equipment embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0150] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A friction stir additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: It comprises a control system, an additive tool and a substrate, wherein the control system is connected to the additive tool and can adjust the inclination angle of the additive tool relative to the substrate; The lower end of the additive tool is provided with a discharge port and a shoulder, the discharge port outputs the additive raw material to the surface of the substrate, and the shoulder surrounds the discharge port, and is used to perform rotational friction on the additive raw material to obtain the additive raw material in a plastic state, and compact the additive raw material in a plastic state; Wherein, the included angle between the shoulder and the substrate is within a preset angle range.

2. The device for friction stir additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset angle range is 1°≤θ≤7°, where θ represents the included angle.

3. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a feeding mechanism and a driving system; The upper end of the additive tool is fixedly connected to the feeding mechanism; The driving system is connected to the additive tool to drive the additive tool to rotate and perform stirring. The driving system is also connected to the control system to be controlled by the control system.

4. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shoulder and the discharge port are cylindrical, and the diameter of the shoulder is 4 to 30 mm larger than the diameter of the discharge port.

5. The friction stir additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shoulder includes at least one of the following: a flat shoulder, a concave shoulder, and a shoulder with one or more bosses; the additive raw material includes at least one of the following: a rod-shaped additive raw material, a filament-shaped additive raw material, and a powdered additive raw material.

6. A method of friction stir additive manufacturing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: delivering additive raw materials into the additive tool; Outputting the additive raw material to the surface of the substrate through the outlet of the additive tool, and performing rotational friction on the additive raw material through the shoulder surrounding the outlet to obtain the additive raw material in a plastic state; Controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction, laying the additive raw material in a plastic state along the predetermined direction, and compacting the additive raw material through the shoulder; Wherein, the target posture is: the angle between the shoulder and the substrate is within a preset angle range.

7. The method of friction stir additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before controlling the additive tool to maintain the target posture and move along a predetermined direction, the method further includes: adjusting the additive tool to the target posture; The additive tool adjusted to the target posture reaches a starting position; Controlling the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move along a predetermined direction includes: Control the additive tool to maintain a target posture and move from the starting position to an end position along a predetermined direction; Judging whether the additive is complete based on the thickness and shape of the additive body; When the material addition is completed, stopping the movement of the material addition tool; In the case where the additive process is not yet completed, the additive tool is lifted to a specified height and then moved to a new starting point, and the additive tool is continuously controlled to move along the predetermined direction while maintaining the target posture.

8. The method of friction stir additive manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the material addition is completed, stopping the feeding of the material addition raw material into the material addition tool; When the additive process is not yet completed, the additive raw material is continuously fed into the additive tool.

9. The method of friction stir additive manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that: After adjusting the additive tool to reach the starting position, the method further includes: Setting a preset rotation speed for the rotation speed of the additive tool; After the rotation speed of the additive tool reaches the preset rotation speed, the additive tool is controlled to move along the predetermined direction while maintaining the target posture.

10. The method of friction stir additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the process of controlling the additive tool to maintain the target posture and move along the predetermined direction, the method further includes: The additive tool is controlled to move at a preset speed.

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