Laser welding head and welding device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a laser welding head and a welding device, and relates to the field of welding devices. The laser welding head comprises a laser welding assembly and a molten pool monitoring assembly, wherein light paths of the laser welding assembly and the molten pool monitoring assembly are combined on the main shaft. The molten pool monitoring assembly comprises an illumination light source, an illumination light beam combiner, an imaging lens and an imaging module; the illumination light beam combiner, the imaging lens and the imaging module are sequentially arranged and located in the same straight line direction (an illumination optical axis), and the illumination light source is located near the illumination light beam combiner and in the direction perpendicular to the illumination optical axis; the molten pool monitoring assembly is configured in the mode that illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination light beam combining mirror and irradiates the molten pool, and the illumination infrared light reflected back from the molten pool sequentially penetrates through the illumination light beam combining mirror and the imaging lens and is finally collected by the imaging module. According to the laser welding head, on the basis of the prior art, the paraxial illumination light source and the molten pool monitoring assembly are integrated on the main shaft, and coaxial illumination and coaxial molten pool monitoring are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a laser welding head and a welding device. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure on the right, the current monitoring of the molten pool in the welding process is usually carried out by paraxial lighting and paraxial monitoring. This molten pool monitoring method has many problems, such as: 1. Due to the limitation of the shooting angle, the molten pool deeply embedded in the workpiece surface cannot be observed; 2. The additional hanging of monitoring equipment outside the laser head causes the accessibility of the welding head to deteriorate; 3. In some occasions where the workpiece needs to be clamped, the clamping device will make it impossible to shoot the molten pool from the paraxial direction; 4. When using a galvanometer laser welding head, the camera cannot move with the laser spot, so the camera must use a lens with a larger field of view, so the details of the already small laser molten pool cannot be observed.

[0003] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention includes providing a laser welding head and a welding device, which can improve at least one problem mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser welding head, including a laser welding assembly whose optical paths are evenly combined on a main shaft and a molten pool monitoring assembly;

[0007] The molten pool monitoring component includes an illumination photosynthetic beam mirror, an illumination light source, an imaging lens and an imaging module;

[0008] The illumination photosynthetic beam combiner, the imaging lens and the imaging module are arranged in sequence and located on the same illumination optical axis. The illumination photosynthetic beam combiner is arranged at an angle of 45° on the illumination optical axis. The illumination light source is located near the illumination photosynthetic beam combiner in a direction perpendicular to the illumination optical axis.

[0009] The molten pool monitoring component is configured as follows: the infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination photosynthetic mirror and irradiated on the molten pool, and the infrared light reflected back from the molten pool passes through the illumination photosynthetic mirror and the imaging lens in turn and is finally collected by the imaging module.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the illumination light source is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser or an edge emitting laser;

[0011] Preferably, the laser wavelength used by the illumination light source is in the near-infrared band;

[0012] Optionally, the imaging module is CCD or CMOS.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly is a wobble welding assembly;

[0014] The swing welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a first upper protective mirror, a first collimating mirror, a first X-galvanometer mirror, a first Y-galvanometer mirror, a first beam combining mirror, a first focusing mirror and a first lower protective mirror arranged in sequence on the laser light path;

[0015] The Wobble Welding Kit and the Weld Pool Monitoring Kit are configured to:

[0016] The welding laser light source emits welding laser, which passes through the first upper protective mirror and the first collimating mirror in sequence to reach the first X-galvanometer mirror, and after reaching the first X-galvanometer mirror, is reflected by the first X-galvanometer mirror, the first Y-galvanometer mirror and the first beam combining mirror in sequence, and passes through the first focusing mirror and the first lower protective mirror in sequence, and finally acts on the target welding object;

[0017] The illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination photosynthetic mirror, passes through the first beam-combining mirror, the first focusing mirror and the first lower protective mirror in sequence, and then irradiates the molten pool; the illumination infrared light reflected back from the molten pool passes through the first lower protective mirror, the first focusing mirror, the first beam-combining mirror, the illumination photosynthetic mirror and the imaging lens in sequence, and then is collected by the imaging module.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light;

[0019] Preferably, the wavelength of the infrared light for illumination is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm;

[0020] Optionally, the first beam combiner has high transmittance to the illumination infrared light, but high reflectivity to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment red indicator light; therefore, the optical coating on the surface of the first beam combiner is expressed as T(936nm) / R(1064nm&650nm);

[0021] Optionally, the optical coating of the first focusing mirror is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm);

[0022] Optionally, the optical coating of the first upper protective mirror is highly transmissive to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0023] The optical coating of the first lower protective mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm);

[0024] The optical coating of the first X-mirror is highly reflective to the welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm);

[0025] The first Y galvanometer optical coating is highly reflective to the welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm);

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly is a fixed welding assembly;

[0027] The fixed welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a second upper protective mirror, a second collimating mirror, a second beam combining mirror, a second focusing mirror and a second lower protective mirror which are sequentially arranged on the welding laser optical path;

[0028] The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a first reflector;

[0029] The stationary welding assembly and weld pool monitoring assembly are configured to:

[0030] The laser light emitted by the welding laser light source sequentially passes through the second upper protective mirror, the second collimating mirror, the second beam combining mirror, the second focusing mirror and the second lower protective mirror to act on the welding target object;

[0031] The infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination light beam combiner, the first reflector and the second beam combiner in sequence, and then passes through the second focusing mirror and the second lower protective mirror in sequence before being irradiated on the molten pool;

[0032] The infrared light reflected from the molten pool passes through the second lower protective mirror and the second focusing mirror in turn to reach the second beam combining mirror, is reflected by the second beam combining mirror and the first reflecting mirror in turn, and then passes through the illumination photosynthetic beam combining mirror and the imaging lens to be collected by the imaging module.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light;

[0034] Preferably, the wavelength of the infrared light for illumination is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm;

[0035] Optionally, the optical coating of the second beam combiner is highly transmissive to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light but highly reflective to the illumination infrared light, so the optical coating of the second beam combiner 123 is expressed as R (936nm) / T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0036] Optionally, the optical coating of the second focusing mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm);

[0037] Optionally, the optical coating of the second upper protective mirror is highly transmissive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0038] Optionally, the optical coating of the second lower protective mirror is highly transmittive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm).

[0039] Optionally, the fixed welding assembly further comprises a middle protective mirror, which is located between the second focusing mirror and the second lower protective mirror;

[0040] Optionally, the optical coating of the middle protective mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indication light, which is expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly is a fixed welding assembly;

[0042] The fixed welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a third upper protective mirror, a third collimating mirror, a third beam combining mirror, a third focusing mirror and a third lower protective mirror arranged in sequence on the laser light path;

[0043] The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a second reflector;

[0044] The stationary welding assembly and weld pool monitoring assembly are configured to:

[0045] The laser emitted by the laser light source passes through the third upper protective mirror and the third collimating mirror in sequence, and then reaches the third beam combining mirror, and is reflected by the third beam combining mirror to pass through the third focusing mirror and the third lower protective mirror in sequence, and finally acts on the welding target object;

[0046] The infrared light emitted by the light source is reflected by the illumination beam combiner and the second reflector in sequence, passes through the third beam combiner, the third focusing mirror and the third lower protective mirror in sequence, and finally irradiates the molten pool;

[0047] The infrared light reflected from the molten pool passes through the third lower protective mirror, the third focusing mirror and the third beam combining mirror in sequence to reach the second reflector, is reflected by the second reflector, passes through the imaging lens, and is finally collected by the imaging module.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light;

[0049] Preferably, the wavelength of the infrared light for illumination is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm;

[0050] Optionally, the optical coating of the third beam combiner is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, but highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R(1064nm&650nm) / T(936nm);

[0051] Optionally, the optical coating of the third focusing mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indication light, expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm);

[0052] Optionally, the optical coating of the third upper protective mirror is highly transmissive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0053] Optionally, the optical coating of the third lower protective mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indication light, which is expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the laser welding assembly is a galvanometer welding assembly;

[0055] The galvanometer welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a fourth upper protective mirror, a fourth collimating mirror, a fourth beam combining mirror, a second X galvanometer, a second Y galvanometer and a field mirror which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path;

[0056] The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a third reflector;

[0057] Galvanometer welding assemblies and weld pool welding assemblies are formulated to:

[0058] The laser emitted by the laser light source passes through the fourth collimator to the fourth beam combiner, is reflected by the fourth beam combiner, the second X-ray galvanometer, and the second X-ray galvanometer in sequence, passes through the field lens, and finally acts on the target welded object;

[0059] The infrared light emitted by the light source is reflected by the illumination beam combiner and the third reflector in sequence, passes through the fourth beam combiner, reaches the second X-mirror, is reflected by the second X-mirror and the second Y-mirror in sequence, passes through the field mirror, and finally irradiates the molten pool;

[0060] The infrared light reflected from the molten pool passes through the field mirror to the second Y galvanometer, is reflected by the second Y galvanometer and the second X galvanometer in sequence, passes through the fourth beam combiner, and then reaches the third reflector. It is reflected by the third reflector and passes through the illumination beam combiner and the imaging lens in sequence before being collected by the imaging module.

[0061] Optionally, the laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light;

[0062] Preferably, the wavelength of the infrared light for illumination is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm;

[0063] Optionally, the optical coating of the fourth beam combiner is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, but highly reflective to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm) & T (936nm);

[0064] Fourth, the optical coating of the upper protective mirror is highly transmittive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0065] The optical coating of the second X-mirror is highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm);

[0066] The optical coating of the second Y galvanometer is highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm);

[0067] The optical coating of the field mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which is expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

[0068] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a welding device, comprising a welding head as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0069] The beneficial effects of the laser welding head and welding device provided by the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0070] The laser welding head provided by the embodiment of the present invention sets the molten pool monitoring component and the laser welding component on the main axis. Through the specific setting of the illumination photosynthetic beam mirror, the light source, the imaging lens and the imaging module, it is possible to no longer set the light source and the monitoring component on the paraxial axis, and improve the existing paraxial illumination and paraxial monitoring to coaxial illumination and coaxial monitoring, so that the improved laser welding head has the following advantages:

[0071] The illumination light can observe the laser welding molten pool deep under the plate surface in real time along the direction of the laser optical path; because the coaxial camera optical path always overlaps with the laser optical path, an optical lens with a smaller field of view can be selected to magnify the tiny laser welding molten pool image, making it easier to find defects in real time and make quick adjustments; the coaxial solution is not affected by the clamping device even when there is a clamping device; the coaxial method is more suitable for high-speed welding occasions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0073] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the welding method provided by the present invention, which is improved from the existing side-axis illumination and side-axis monitoring welding method to the coaxial illumination and coaxial detection welding method of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of optical elements of a laser welding head provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of optical elements of a laser welding head provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of optical elements of a laser welding head provided in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of optical elements of a laser welding head provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Icon: 10-Laser welding head;

[0079] 101-welding laser light source; 111-first upper protective mirror; 112-first collimator; 113-first X-galvanometer; 114-first Y-galvanometer; 115-first beam combiner; 116-first focusing mirror; 117-first lower protective mirror; 121-second upper protective mirror; 122-second collimator; 123-second beam combiner; 124-second focusing mirror; 125-middle protective mirror; 126-second lower protective mirror; 131-third upper protective mirror; 132-third collimator; 133-third beam combiner; 134-third focusing mirror; 135-third lower protective mirror; 141-fourth upper protective mirror; 142-fourth collimator; 143-fourth beam combiner; 144-second X-galvanometer; 145-second Y-galvanometer; 146-field mirror;

[0080] 201-first reflector; 202-second reflector; 203-third reflector; 210-illumination light source; 220-illumination photosynthetic mirror; 230-imaging lens; 240-imaging module;

[0081] 20-Melted pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0083] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0086] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0087] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0088] First embodiment

[0089] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser welding head 10, which includes a laser welding component whose optical paths are evenly combined on a main axis and a molten pool monitoring component;

[0090] The molten pool monitoring assembly includes an illumination photosynthetic lens 220, an illumination light source 210, an imaging lens 230 and an imaging module 240;

[0091] The illumination photosynthetic mirror 220, the imaging lens 230 and the imaging module 240 are arranged in sequence and located on the same illumination optical axis. The illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 is arranged at a 45° tilt on the illumination optical axis. The illumination light source 210 is located near the illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 and in a direction perpendicular to the illumination optical axis.

[0092] The molten pool monitoring component is configured as follows: the illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 is reflected by the illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 and irradiated onto the molten pool 20 , and the illumination infrared light reflected back by the molten pool 20 passes through the illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 and the imaging lens 230 in turn and is finally collected by the imaging module 240 .

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, the laser welding head 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention combines the optical paths of the molten pool monitoring component and the laser welding component onto the main axis. By specifically setting the illumination light beam combining mirror 220, illumination light source 210, imaging lens 230 and imaging module 240, it is possible to no longer set the illumination light source 210 and the monitoring component on the side axis. Figure 1 The existing paraxial lighting and paraxial monitoring shown are improved to coaxial lighting and coaxial monitoring, which can make the operation more convenient and ensure the monitoring quality.

[0094] The illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 is disposed at an angle of 45° relative to the illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 .

[0095] Specifically, the illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 is a semi-reflective semi-mirror, which can synthesize two different wavelengths of light into the same optical path through transmission and reflection. This illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 can reflect the illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 with a 45° incident angle, and can allow the illumination infrared light reflected from the molten pool 20 to pass through, and finally be collected by the imaging module 240.

[0096] Optionally, the “half-reflection and half-transmission” of the illumination beam combiner 220 may be either 50% reflective and 50% transmissive, or various forms in which the reflectivity and the transmittance are in other percentages.

[0097] Optionally, the imaging module 240 is a CCD, CMOS or other types of photosensitive devices.

[0098] Optionally, the laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting auxiliary alignment red indicator light.

[0099] Since the welding laser is invisible light, it is impossible to observe whether it is aligned through the welding laser light path during debugging, so an auxiliary alignment light source is set to emit red indicator light to assist laser alignment. It should be noted that the integrated setting of the auxiliary alignment light source and the welding laser belongs to the prior art, and currently many lasers have this function, so the specific setting methods of the two are not described in detail here.

[0100] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the laser welding assembly is a swing welding assembly;

[0101] The swing welding assembly includes a welding laser light source 101, a first upper protective mirror 111, a first collimating mirror 112, a first X-galvanometer mirror 113, a first Y-galvanometer mirror 114, a first beam combining mirror 115, a first focusing mirror 116 and a first lower protective mirror 117 which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path;

[0102] The Wobble Welding Kit and the Weld Pool Monitoring Kit are configured to:

[0103] The welding laser light source 101 emits a welding laser, which passes through the first upper protective mirror 111 and the first collimating mirror 112 in sequence to reach the first X-galvanometer mirror 113. After reaching the first X-galvanometer mirror 113, it is reflected by the first X-galvanometer mirror 113, the first Y-galvanometer mirror 114 and the first beam combining mirror 115 in sequence, passes through the first focusing mirror 116 and the first lower protective mirror 117 in sequence, and finally acts on the target welding object;

[0104] The illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 is reflected by the illumination photosynthetic mirror 220, passes through the first photosynthetic mirror 115, the first focusing mirror 116 and the first lower protective mirror 117 in sequence, and then irradiates the molten pool 20; the illumination infrared light reflected back from the molten pool 20 passes through the first lower protective mirror 117, the first focusing mirror 116, the first photosynthetic mirror 115, the illumination photosynthetic mirror 220 and the imaging lens 230 in sequence, and then is collected by the imaging module 240.

[0105] How the first X galvanometer 113 and the first Y galvanometer 114 of the swing welding assembly are specifically controlled to move belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] The first beam combiner 115 has a special professional coating that allows high transmission of the infrared light for illumination, and high reflection of the welding laser and the red indicator light used for auxiliary alignment. Preferably, the wavelength of the infrared light for illumination is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment indicator light is 650nm. The optical coating characteristics of the first beam combiner can be simply expressed as T(936nm) / R(1064nm&650nm); the optical coating of the first X galvanometer 113 is highly reflective of the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as R(1064nm&650nm); the optical coating of the first Y galvanometer 114 is highly reflective of the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as R(1064nm&650nm). nm); the optical coating of the first focusing mirror 116 is highly transmittant to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm); the optical coating of the first upper protective mirror 111 is highly transmittant to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (1064nm&650nm); the optical coating of the first lower protective mirror 117 is highly transmittant to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

[0107] Second embodiment

[0108] This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the parts not mentioned refer to the first embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that:

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, the laser welding assembly is a fixed welding assembly;

[0110] The fixed welding assembly includes a welding laser light source 101, a second upper protective mirror 121, a second collimating mirror 122, a second beam combining mirror 123, a second focusing mirror 124, a middle protective mirror 125 and a second lower protective mirror 126 which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path;

[0111] The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a first reflector 201;

[0112] The stationary welding assembly and weld pool monitoring assembly are configured to:

[0113] The laser light emitted by the welding laser light source 101 sequentially passes through the second upper protective mirror 121, the second collimating mirror 122, the second beam combining mirror 123, the second focusing mirror 124, the middle protective mirror 125 and the second lower protective mirror 126 to act on the welding target object;

[0114] The illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 is reflected by the illumination light beam combiner 220, the first reflector 201 and the second beam combiner 123 in sequence, and then passes through the second focusing mirror 124, the middle protective mirror 125 and the second lower protective mirror 126 in sequence before being irradiated on the molten pool 20;

[0115] The illumination infrared light reflected from the molten pool 20 passes through the second lower protective mirror 126, the middle protective mirror 125 and the second focusing mirror 124 in turn to reach the second beam combining mirror 123, is reflected by the second beam combining mirror 123 and the first reflecting mirror 201 in turn, and then passes through the illumination photosynthetic beam combining mirror 220 and the imaging lens 230 to be collected by the imaging module 240.

[0116] Furthermore, the optical coating of the second beam combining mirror 123 is highly transmissive to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light but highly reflective to the illumination infrared light, so the optical coating of the second beam combining mirror 123 can be expressed as R (936nm) / T (1064nm & 650nm); the optical coating of the second focusing mirror 124 is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (936nm & 1064nm & 650nm); the second upper protective mirror 12 1 has high transmittance to both welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm); the optical coating of the middle protective mirror 125 has high transmittance to both illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (936nm & 1064nm & 650nm); the optical coating of the second lower protective mirror 126 has high transmittance to both welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm).

[0117] Third embodiment

[0118] This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the parts not mentioned refer to the first embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that:

[0119] like Figure 4 As shown, the laser welding assembly is a fixed welding assembly;

[0120] The fixed welding assembly includes a welding laser light source 101, a third upper protective mirror 131, a third collimating mirror 132, a third beam combining mirror 133, a third focusing mirror 134 and a third lower protective mirror 135 which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path;

[0121] The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a second reflector 202;

[0122] The stationary welding assembly and weld pool monitoring assembly are configured to:

[0123] The welding laser emitted by the welding laser light source 101 passes through the third upper protective mirror 131 and the third collimating mirror 132 in sequence and then reaches the third beam combining mirror 133, is reflected by the third beam combining mirror 133 and passes through the third focusing mirror 134 and the third lower protective mirror 135 in sequence, and finally acts on the welding target object;

[0124] The illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 is reflected by the illumination light beam combining mirror 220 and the second reflecting mirror 202 in sequence and passes through the third beam combining mirror 133, the third focusing mirror 134 and the third lower protective mirror 135 in sequence and finally irradiates the molten pool 20;

[0125] The illumination infrared light reflected from the molten pool 20 passes through the third lower protective mirror 135 , the third focusing mirror 134 and the third beam combining mirror 133 in sequence to reach the second reflector 202 , is reflected by the second reflector 202 , passes through the imaging lens 230 , and is finally collected by the imaging module 240 .

[0126] The optical coating of the third beam combiner 133 is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, but highly reflective to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm) / T (936nm);

[0127] The optical coating of the third focusing mirror 134 is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (936nm & 1064nm & 650nm);

[0128] The optical coating of the third upper protective mirror 131 is highly transmissive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0129] The optical coating of the third lower protective mirror 135 has high transmittance to the illuminating infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indication light, which can be expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

[0130] Fourth embodiment

[0131] This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the parts not mentioned refer to the first embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that:

[0132] like Figure 5 As shown, the laser welding assembly is a galvanometer welding assembly;

[0133] The galvanometer welding assembly includes a welding laser light source 101, a fourth upper protective mirror 141, a fourth collimating mirror 142, a fourth beam combining mirror 143, a second X galvanometer 144, a second Y galvanometer 145 and a field mirror 146 which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path;

[0134] The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a third reflector 203;

[0135] The Galvo Welding Assembly and the Molten Pool 20 Welding Assembly are formulated to:

[0136] The welding laser emitted by the welding laser light source 101 passes through the fourth upper protective mirror 141 and the fourth collimating mirror 142 to reach the fourth beam combining mirror 143, and is reflected by the fourth beam combining mirror 143, the second X galvanometer mirror 144, and the second Y galvanometer mirror 145 in sequence to pass through the field mirror 146, and finally acts on the target welding object;

[0137] The illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source 210 is reflected by the illumination light beam combiner 220 and the third reflector 203 in sequence, passes through the fourth beam combiner 143, reaches the second X galvanometer 144, is reflected by the second X galvanometer 144 and the second Y galvanometer 145 in sequence, passes through the field lens 146, and finally irradiates the molten pool 20;

[0138] The illumination infrared light reflected from the molten pool 20 passes through the field lens 146 to the second Y galvanometer 145, is reflected by the second Y galvanometer 145 and the second X galvanometer 144 in sequence, passes through the fourth beam combiner 143, and then reaches the third reflector 203, is reflected by the third reflector 203, passes through the illumination light beam combiner 220 and the imaging lens 230 in sequence, and then is collected by the imaging module 240;

[0139] Optionally, the optical coating of the fourth beam combiner 143 is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, but highly reflective to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm) & T (936nm);

[0140] The optical coating of the fourth upper protective mirror 141 is highly transmissive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm);

[0141] The optical coating of the second X-galvanometer 144 is highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm);

[0142] The optical coating of the second Y galvanometer 145 is highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which can be expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm);

[0143] The optical coating of the field lens 146 is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indication light, which can be expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

[0144] It should be noted that the coatings involved in various optical elements in this application belong to the prior art and will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0145] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding head, characterized in that: It includes a laser welding component with optical paths combined on the main axis and a molten pool monitoring component; The molten pool monitoring assembly includes an illumination photosynthetic mirror, an illumination light source, an imaging lens and an imaging module; The illumination photosynthetic beam combiner, the imaging lens and the imaging module are arranged in sequence and located on the same illumination optical axis, the illumination photosynthetic beam combiner is arranged at an angle of 45° on the illumination optical axis, and the illumination light source is located near the illumination photosynthetic beam combiner in a direction perpendicular to the illumination optical axis; The molten pool monitoring component is configured as follows: the illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination photosynthetic mirror and irradiated onto the molten pool, and the illumination infrared light reflected back from the molten pool sequentially passes through the illumination photosynthetic mirror and the imaging lens and is finally collected by the imaging module.

2. The laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The illumination light source is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser or an edge emitting laser; Preferably, the laser wavelength used by the illumination light source is in the near-infrared band; Optionally, the imaging module is CCD or CMOS.

3. The laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly is a swing welding assembly; The swing welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a first upper protective mirror, a first collimating mirror, a first X-galvanometer mirror, a first Y-galvanometer mirror, a first beam combining mirror, a first focusing mirror and a first lower protective mirror arranged in sequence on the laser light path; The wobble welding assembly and the weld pool monitoring assembly are configured to: The welding laser light source emits a welding laser, which sequentially passes through the first upper protective mirror and the first collimating mirror to reach the first X-galvanometer mirror, and after reaching the first X-galvanometer mirror, is sequentially reflected by the first X-galvanometer mirror, the first Y-galvanometer mirror, and the first beam combining mirror, and sequentially passes through the first focusing mirror and the first lower protective mirror, and finally acts on the target welding object; The illumination infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination photosynthetic mirror, passes through the first beam-combining mirror, the first focusing mirror and the first lower protective mirror in sequence, and then is irradiated on the molten pool; the illumination infrared light reflected back from the molten pool passes through the first lower protective mirror, the first focusing mirror, the first beam-combining mirror, the illumination photosynthetic mirror and the imaging lens in sequence, and then is collected by the imaging module.

4. The laser welding head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light; Preferably, the wavelength of the illumination infrared light is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm; Optionally, the first beam combiner has high transmittance to the illumination infrared light, but has high reflectivity to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment red indicator light; therefore, the optical coating on the surface of the first beam combiner is expressed as T(936nm) / R(1064nm&650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the first focusing mirror is highly transmittive to the illuminating infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indication light, expressed as T (936nm & 1064nm & 650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the first upper protective mirror is highly transmissive to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm); The optical coating of the first lower protective mirror is highly transmissive to the illuminating infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which is expressed as T (936nm & 1064nm & 650nm); The optical coating of the first X-mirror is highly reflective to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm); The first Y-mirror optical coating is highly reflective of the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, which is expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm).

5. The laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly is a fixed welding assembly; The fixed welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a second upper protective mirror, a second collimating mirror, a second beam combining mirror, a second focusing mirror and a second lower protective mirror which are sequentially arranged on the welding laser light path; The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a first reflector; The fixed welding assembly and the weld pool monitoring assembly are configured as follows: The laser light emitted by the welding laser light source sequentially passes through the second upper protective mirror, the second collimating mirror, the second beam combining mirror, the second focusing mirror and the second lower protective mirror to act on the welding target object; The infrared light emitted by the illumination light source is reflected by the illumination light beam combining mirror, the first reflecting mirror and the second beam combining mirror in sequence, and then passes through the second focusing mirror and the second lower protective mirror in sequence before being irradiated on the molten pool; The infrared light reflected from the molten pool passes through the second lower protective mirror and the second focusing mirror in turn to reach the second beam combining mirror, is reflected by the second beam combining mirror and the first reflecting mirror in turn, and then passes through the illumination beam combining mirror and the imaging lens to be collected by the imaging module.

6. The laser welding head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light; Preferably, the wavelength of the illumination infrared light is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm; Optionally, the optical coating of the second beam combiner is highly transmissive to the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light but highly reflective to the illumination infrared light, so the optical coating of the second beam combiner 123 is expressed as R (936nm) / T (1064nm & 650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the second focusing mirror is highly transmittive to the illumination infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indication light, expressed as T (936nm & 1064nm & 650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the second upper protective mirror is highly transmissive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the second lower protective mirror is highly transmittive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm); Optionally, the fixed welding assembly further comprises a middle protective mirror, wherein the middle protective mirror is located between the second focusing mirror and the second lower protective mirror; Optionally, the optical coating of the middle protective mirror is highly transmittive to the illuminating infrared light, welding laser and auxiliary alignment indication light, which is expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

7. The laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly is a fixed welding assembly; The fixed welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a third upper protective mirror, a third collimating mirror, a third beam combining mirror, a third focusing mirror and a third lower protective mirror which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path; The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a second reflector; The fixed welding assembly and the weld pool monitoring assembly are configured as follows: The laser light emitted by the laser light source passes through the third upper protective mirror and the third collimating mirror in sequence, and then reaches the third beam combining mirror, and is reflected by the third beam combining mirror to pass through the third focusing mirror and the third lower protective mirror in sequence, and finally acts on the welding target object; The infrared light emitted by the light source is reflected by the illumination beam combiner and the second reflector in sequence, passes through the third beam combiner, the third focusing mirror and the third lower protective mirror in sequence, and finally irradiates the molten pool; The infrared light reflected from the molten pool passes through the third lower protective mirror, the third focusing mirror and the third beam combining mirror in sequence to reach the second reflector, is reflected by the second reflector, passes through the imaging lens, and is finally collected by the imaging module.

8. The laser welding head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light; Preferably, the wavelength of the illumination infrared light is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm; Optionally, the optical coating of the third beam combiner is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, but highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R(1064nm&650nm) / T(936nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the third focusing mirror is highly transmittive to the illuminating infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indication light, expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the third upper protective mirror is highly transmittive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm); Optionally, the optical coating of the third lower protective mirror is highly transmittive to the illuminating infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indication light, which is expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

9. The laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding assembly is a galvanometer welding assembly; The galvanometer welding assembly includes a welding laser light source, a fourth upper protective mirror, a fourth collimating mirror, a fourth beam combining mirror, a second X galvanometer, a second Y galvanometer and a field mirror which are sequentially arranged on the laser light path; The molten pool monitoring assembly also includes a third reflector; The galvanometer welding assembly and the molten pool welding assembly are formulated to: The laser light emitted by the laser light source passes through the fourth collimator to reach the fourth beam combiner, is reflected by the fourth beam combiner, the second X-ray galvanometer, and the second X-ray galvanometer in sequence, passes through the field lens, and finally acts on the target weld; The infrared light emitted by the light source is reflected by the illumination beam combiner and the third reflector in sequence, passes through the fourth beam combiner, reaches the second X galvanometer, is reflected by the second X galvanometer and the second Y galvanometer in sequence, passes through the field mirror, and finally irradiates the molten pool; The infrared light reflected from the molten pool passes through the field mirror to reach the second Y galvanometer mirror, is reflected by the second Y galvanometer mirror and the second X galvanometer mirror in sequence, passes through the fourth beam combiner mirror, reaches the third reflector, is reflected by the third reflector mirror, passes through the illumination beam combiner mirror and the imaging lens in sequence, and is collected by the imaging module; Optionally, the laser welding assembly further comprises an auxiliary alignment light source integrated with the welding laser light source for emitting an auxiliary alignment red indicator light; Preferably, the wavelength of the illumination infrared light is 936nm, the wavelength of the welding laser is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the auxiliary alignment red indicator light is 650nm; Optionally, the optical coating of the fourth beam combiner is highly transmissive to the illumination infrared light, but highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm) & T (936nm); The optical coating of the fourth upper protective mirror is highly transmissive to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as T (1064nm & 650nm); The optical coating of the second X-ray galvanometer is highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm); The optical coating of the second Y galvanometer is highly reflective to both the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indicator light, expressed as R (1064nm & 650nm); The optical coating of the field mirror is highly transmittive to the illuminating infrared light, the welding laser and the auxiliary alignment indication light, which is expressed as T (936nm&1064nm&650nm).

10. A welding device, characterized in that: It comprises a welding head as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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