Laser cladding lap joint method and device applied to spherical surface and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser cladding lap joint technology, and discloses a laser cladding lap joint method applied to a spherical surface, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an applied spherical surface, carrying out single-channel coating cladding processing on the applied spherical surface, and obtaining a laser cladding single-channel coating after the processing is finished, the applied spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece subjected to laser cladding; an outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-channel coating is extracted, and a contour line mathematical model of the application spherical surface is established based on the outer contour curve; and according to the contour line mathematical model, a laser cladding multi-coating lap joint model of the application spherical surface is established, and laser cladding is conducted on the application spherical surface through the laser cladding multi-coating lap joint model. The invention further provides a pipeline leakage positioning device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. According to the invention, the quality and consistency of the spherical laser cladding layer can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding overlap, and in particular to a laser cladding overlap method, device and electronic equipment applied to a spherical surface. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is a surface modification or repair method that melts and deposits additive materials onto the surface of the substrate through laser irradiation. It has the advantages of strong bonding between the cladding layer and the substrate, high material utilization rate, and good process controllability, so it is widely used in the fields of manufacturing and maintenance. In practical applications, the overlap rate of the cladding layer is an important parameter affecting the quality and performance of the cladding layer. A low overlap rate will cause obvious steps and defects on the surface of the cladding layer, affecting the surface quality and service life; while a high overlap rate may lead to repeated melting, increase heat input, and expand the heat affected zone.

[0003] The application of laser cladding technology on planes is relatively mature, but its application on spherical surfaces still faces many challenges. Due to the large change in curvature of the spherical structure, the incident angle and energy distribution of the laser beam at different positions are uneven. If traditional vertical step cladding is used, the cladding coating will gradually accumulate. After cladding, the macroscopic morphology curvature of the upper surface of the multiple cladding layers does not match the curvature of the spherical surface, and the thickness and performance of the cladding layer are difficult to maintain consistency. In addition, during the spherical cladding process, the fluidity and cooling rate of the molten pool are significantly different from those of the flat surface, resulting in low quality and consistency of the spherical laser cladding layer. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a laser cladding overlap method, device and electronic equipment applied to a spherical surface, which can improve the quality and consistency of the spherical surface laser cladding layer.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface, comprising:

[0006] Acquire an application spherical surface, and perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, and obtain a laser cladding single-pass coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad;

[0007] Extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating, and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve;

[0008] A laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is used to perform laser cladding on the application spherical surface.

[0009] Optionally, the single-pass coating cladding process is performed on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-pass coating after the process is completed, including:

[0010] Calculating spherical parameters of the application sphere, and adjusting process parameters of the cladding equipment according to the spherical parameters;

[0011] The cladding equipment is used to perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain the laser cladding single-pass coating.

[0012] Optionally, extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating includes:

[0013] Extracting initial outer profile data of the single-layer coating by laser cladding using a profilometer, and inputting the initial outer profile data into image fitting software to remove the miscellaneous peak data in the initial outer profile data to obtain standard outer profile data;

[0014] Using a variety of functions to perform fitting processing on the standard outer profile data respectively to obtain a plurality of fitting curves;

[0015] The goodness of fit of each function is calculated according to each fitting curve, and the fitting curve with the best goodness of fit is selected as the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating.

[0016] Optionally, calculating the goodness of fit of each function according to each fitting curve comprises:

[0017] The goodness of fit R of each function is calculated using the following formula: 2 :

[0018]

[0019] Among them, t is the actual data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, p is the predicted data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, avg t is the actual data mean of single-pass laser cladding coating, and T is the total number of samples of single-pass laser cladding coating in the application sphere.

[0020] Optionally, establishing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the applied spherical surface according to the contour line mathematical model includes:

[0021] According to the principle of symmetry, the plane where the starting point of the cladding path of the application sphere in the contour line mathematical model is located is selected as the research plane, the center of the application sphere is taken as the origin, the horizontal diameter line where the center of the application sphere is located is the horizontal axis, and the vertical diameter line is the vertical axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system for the cladding plane, and a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is built based on the cladding plane rectangular coordinate system.

[0022] Optionally, after building the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model according to the rectangular coordinate system of the cladding plane, the method further includes optimizing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model.

[0023] Optionally, the optimizing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model includes:

[0024] Extracting the first cladding layer, the second cladding layer, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head and the melt path deflection angle in the laser cladding multi-pass coating overlap model;

[0025] Mapping the fitting function of the first cladding layer to the part coordinate system to obtain the first cladding layer path;

[0026] Constructing a mathematical model of the second cladding layer according to the first cladding layer path, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head, and the melt path deflection angle to obtain a second cladding layer path;

[0027] establishing an improved tangent model according to the first cladding layer path and the second cladding layer path;

[0028] The optimal rotation angle of the melt path deflection angle is calculated according to the improved tangent model, and the rotation speed variation law is calculated based on the optimal rotation angle, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is optimized according to the rotation speed variation law.

[0029] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a laser cladding overlap device applied to a spherical surface, the device comprising:

[0030] A single-coating acquisition module is used to acquire an application spherical surface and perform a single-coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad;

[0031] A contour mathematical model building module is used to extract the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-layer coating, and to establish a contour mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve;

[0032] The laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model construction module is used to establish the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application sphere according to the contour line mathematical model, and use the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model to laser clad the application sphere.

[0033] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0034] at least one processor; and,

[0035] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0036] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the above-mentioned laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface.

[0037] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one computer program is stored. The at least one computer program is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the above-mentioned laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface.

[0038] The present invention obtains an application spherical surface and performs a single-layer coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, and obtains a laser cladding single-layer coating after the processing is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece subjected to laser cladding, and the thickness and shape of the single-layer coating can be obtained. In addition, by extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-layer coating and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application spherical surface based on the outer contour curve, the contour line of the cladding coating on the application spherical surface can be accurately extracted, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model construction and the accuracy of the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model. Furthermore, a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is used to perform multi-layer coating laser cladding on the application spherical surface, which can improve the efficiency of spherical laser cladding and the quality and consistency of the spherical laser cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a comparison between a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface and a conventional cladding overlap method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of laser cladding of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 A single-layer coating morphology diagram of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a laser cladding process of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 A diagram showing an example of laser cladding of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 A single-pass coating morphology diagram of a laser cladding example diagram of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 9 The final effect diagram of the laser cladding example diagram of the laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.10 A functional module diagram of a laser cladding overlap device applied to a spherical surface provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0052] The embodiment of the present application provides a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface. The execution subject of the laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface includes but is not limited to at least one of the electronic devices such as a server, a terminal, etc. that can be configured to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In other words, the laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes but is not limited to: a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server or a cloud server cluster, etc. The server can be an independent server, or it can be a cloud server that provides cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (Content Delivery Network, CDN), and basic cloud computing services such as big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0053] Reference Figure 1FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface includes:

[0054] S1. Obtain an application spherical surface, and perform a single-layer coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, to obtain a laser cladding single-layer coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the single-pass coating cladding process refers to performing a laser cladding operation on the workpiece once.

[0056] As an embodiment of the present invention, the single-layer coating cladding process is performed on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-layer coating after the process is completed, including:

[0057] Calculating spherical parameters of the application sphere, and adjusting process parameters of the cladding equipment according to the spherical parameters;

[0058] The cladding equipment is used to perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain the laser cladding single-pass coating.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, the cladding equipment specifically refers to laser cladding equipment.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters refer to operating parameters of the cladding equipment adjusted according to the applied spherical surface data, wherein the process parameters include but are not limited to laser power, scanning speed, focal position, laser beam diameter, etc.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser cladding single-pass coating refers to a single-layer covering layer in which the required special material is welded to the surface of the workpiece by heating the cladding material and the substrate surface through a laser beam in the laser cladding technology.

[0062] S2. extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-layer coating, and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the outer contour curve refers to the contour of a single-pass coating clad by laser cladding on the application spherical surface.

[0064] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating includes:

[0065] Extracting initial outer profile data of the single-layer coating by laser cladding using a profilometer, and inputting the initial outer profile data into image fitting software to remove the miscellaneous peak data in the initial outer profile data to obtain standard outer profile data;

[0066] Using a variety of functions to perform fitting processing on the standard outer profile data respectively to obtain a plurality of fitting curves;

[0067] The goodness of fit of each function is calculated according to each fitting curve, and the fitting curve with the best goodness of fit is selected as the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating.

[0068] To ensure accurate extraction of contour lines, the embodiment of the present invention adopts multiple functions to fit contour lines and selects the best fitting curve as the outer contour curve. The multiple functions include but are not limited to Gaussian function, parabolic function, Lorentz function and sine function.

[0069] Further, the calculating the goodness of fit of each function according to each fitting curve comprises:

[0070] The goodness of fit R of each function is calculated using the following formula: 2 :

[0071]

[0072] Among them, t is the actual data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, p is the predicted data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, avg t is the actual data mean of single-pass laser cladding coating, and T is the total number of samples of single-pass laser cladding coating in the application sphere.

[0073] The embodiment of the present invention can achieve accurate extraction of the contour line of the single coating on the application sphere by extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single coating and establishing the contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent laser cladding multi-coating overlap model construction and the precision of the laser cladding multi-coating overlap model.

[0074] S3. Establishing a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface according to the contour line mathematical model, and performing laser cladding on the application spherical surface using the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model.

[0075] As an embodiment of the present invention, the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the applied spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, including:

[0076] According to the principle of symmetry, the plane where the starting point of the cladding path of the application sphere in the contour line mathematical model is located is selected as the research plane, the center of the application sphere is taken as the origin, the horizontal diameter line where the center of the application sphere is located is the horizontal axis, and the vertical diameter line is the vertical axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system for the cladding plane, and a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is built based on the cladding plane rectangular coordinate system.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, the symmetry principle refers to the principle that the properties of cladding on a spherical surface remain unchanged after symmetry transformation.

[0078] Furthermore, after building the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model according to the rectangular coordinate system of the cladding plane, it also includes optimizing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model.

[0079] As an embodiment of the present invention, the optimization of the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model includes:

[0080] Extracting the first cladding layer, the second cladding layer, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head and the melt path deflection angle in the laser cladding multi-pass coating overlap model;

[0081] Mapping the fitting function of the first cladding layer to the part coordinate system to obtain the first cladding layer path;

[0082] Constructing a mathematical model of the second cladding layer according to the first cladding layer path, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head, and the melt path deflection angle to obtain a second cladding layer path;

[0083] establishing an improved tangent model according to the first cladding layer path and the second cladding layer path;

[0084] The optimal rotation angle of the melt path deflection angle is calculated according to the improved tangent model, and the rotation speed variation law is calculated based on the optimal rotation angle, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is optimized according to the rotation speed variation law.

[0085] Exemplarily, during the laser cladding process, when the area of ​​the overlapped region is equal to half of the area of ​​the overlapping region, the gap area reaches a minimum value, at which time the flatness of the laser cladding is the highest.

[0086] Exemplarily, the optimal rotation angle of the melt path deflection angle is calculated according to the improved tangent model by the following implementation steps:

[0087] It can be seen from the improved tangent model that each cladding layer on the spherical surface has the same rotation angular velocity, but due to the different rotation radius, the linear velocity of each cladding layer during deposition will be different, as shown by the following formula:

[0088] v i =ωd i

[0089] Among them, v i is the linear velocity of the cladding layer i, d i is the rotation radius of the ith coating layer, and ω is the angular velocity of rotation.

[0090] When the coating is deposited from low to high, the linear speed increases linearly with the rotation radius. To ensure that the cladding powder has the same deposition speed, the workpiece rotation speed can be gradually reduced or the powder feeding rate can be increased. From the perspective of saving materials and energy, it is chosen to gradually reduce the workpiece rotation speed.

[0091] Starting from the second coating, the change in the workpiece rotation angular velocity before each cladding can be expressed by the following formula:

[0092] v i =v i+1

[0093] ω i d i =ω i+1 d i+1

[0094]

[0095] Among them, ω i is the rotational angular velocity of the cladding i-th coating.

[0096] The embodiment of the present invention obtains an application spherical surface and performs a single-layer coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, and obtains a laser cladding single-layer coating after the processing is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece subjected to laser cladding, and the thickness and shape of the single-layer coating can be obtained. In addition, by extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-layer coating and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application spherical surface based on the outer contour curve, the contour line of the cladding coating on the application spherical surface can be accurately extracted, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model construction and the accuracy of the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model. Furthermore, a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is used to perform multi-layer laser cladding on the application spherical surface, which can improve the efficiency of spherical laser cladding and the quality and consistency of the spherical laser cladding layer.

[0097] Reference Figure 2 As shown, a conventional cladding overlap comparison schematic diagram of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present invention, when performing laser cladding overlap of a spherical surface, the following conditions need to be met:

[0099] 1. The macroscopic curvature of the upper surface of the multi-layer cladding layer after cladding needs to match the spherical curvature;

[0100] 2. When point 1 is met, the gap between two adjacent cladding layers needs to be filled to the greatest extent possible, but the overlapping part cannot bulge beyond the height of a single coating.

[0101] exist Figure 2 In the process, the traditional vertical step cladding is adopted. At this time, when the laser cladding head performs the laser cladding overlap of the spherical surface, the laser cladding overlap cladding layer will gradually accumulate, resulting in the laser cladding overlap not meeting the above-mentioned spherical laser cladding overlap conditions.

[0102] Reference Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of laser cladding of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present invention, when performing laser cladding overlap of a spherical surface, the following conditions need to be met:

[0104] 1. The macroscopic curvature of the upper surface of the multi-layer cladding layer after cladding needs to match the spherical curvature;

[0105] 2. When point 1 is met, the gap between two adjacent cladding layers needs to be filled to the greatest extent possible, but the overlapping part cannot bulge beyond the height of a single coating.

[0106] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, a rotating laser cladding head is used, and the laser cladding head is always kept perpendicular to the application sphere and facing the center of the sphere, so that the center line of each laser cladding coating passes through the center of the sphere, and the curvature of the macroscopic outer surface remains consistent with the curvature of the original workpiece.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present invention, the width of the laser cladding coating is smaller than the cladding surface. During the laser cladding process, the powder feeding amount is small, and the cladding speed and cooling speed are extremely fast. Therefore, the coating morphology on the inclined surface is minimally affected by gravity, which can ensure that the accuracy of the spherical surface laser cladding overlap is not affected, and the macroscopic morphology curvature of the upper surface of the multiple cladding layers after cladding is consistent with the curvature of the spherical surface.

[0108] Reference Figure 4 , which is a single-layer coating morphology diagram of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0109] Reference Figure 5 , which is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlapping model of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present invention, the outline of the overlapping area between the two cladding layers is approximately regarded as a line segment tangent to the outline of the second cladding layer, the line segment intersects the first coating layer at point E, and the line connecting points E and D passes through the center of the sphere.

[0111] In the improved tangent model of the embodiment of the present invention, the overlap of multiple layers of laser cladding coating has the following improvements:

[0112] 1. The laser cladding head is always perpendicular to the workpiece;

[0113] 2. The cladding powder is deposited with the same deposition parameters;

[0114] 3. The height of the overlapping accumulation area is not allowed to be higher than the adjacent cladding layer;

[0115] 4. The outline of the overlapping area between the two cladding layers is approximately regarded as a line segment tangent to the outline of the second cladding layer. The line segment intersects the first coating at point E, and the line connecting points E and D passes through the center of the sphere;

[0116] 5. After the above conditions 1-4 are met, when the overlap area (S ABE ) is equal to the overlap area (S BCD) When the gap area is half of the original size, the gap area reaches the minimum value, that is, the flatness is the highest.

[0117] Among them, the red area is the first cladding layer, the green area is the second cladding layer, the gray area is the overlap area, and the bright blue area is the stacking area; the cladding direction is cladding from low to high in sequence; the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head is β, which is calculated by the part size; the melt path deflection angle is α; r is the sphere radius. The red dotted line is the fitted single-pass coating morphology function, recorded as f1(x). After rotating it by β angle and then translating rcosβ unit lengths in the negative direction of the x-axis and rsinβ unit lengths along the positive direction of the y-axis, the position of the first cladding layer can be formed. At this time, the contour curve of the first cladding layer relative to the coordinate system can be expressed as f2(x). The second cladding layer can be regarded as the first cladding layer, with the center of the sphere as the rotation center and the sphere radius as the rotation radius, and rotated clockwise by α degrees. Therefore, after rotating f2(x), the contour function f3(x) of the second cladding layer can be obtained, the arc curve is defined as function f4(x), and the outer contour line function of the overlap area is defined as f5(x).

[0118] Reference Figure 6 , which is a cross-sectional view of a laser cladding process of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0119] Among them, the direction of the arrow is the rotation direction, and the dotted line passing through the center of the sphere is the rotation axis.

[0120] like Figure 7 , which is a laser cladding example diagram of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] For example, Figure 5In the process, the orthogonal test is used to obtain the optimal single-layer coating, and then the profiler is used to map its morphology. Then, the origin software is used to fit the morphology of the cladding layer. Finally, the fitting result shows that the parabola has the highest fitting degree for the single-layer coating. Therefore, the parabola is selected as the fitting curve, and the fitting curve equation is shown in the following formula.

[0122] y=-0.3273x 2 +0.8129

[0123] Furthermore, the initial (first coating) position of the laser cladding head and the initial rotation angle are calculated.

[0124] Figure 8 A single-layer coating morphology diagram of a laser cladding example diagram of a laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0125] like Figure 8 As shown, according to the fitting curve equation, after rotating and translating it, the mathematical model of the first single-layer coating can be established, and its expression is expressed as:

[0126] x 2 +x(2y-4.32085)+y 2 +4.32085y=603.819 (1)

[0127] The first coating function is rotated around the center of the sphere by an angle of α to obtain the overlap model of the second cladding layer. The rotation matrix is ​​defined as follows:

[0128]

[0129] A point P(x,y) on the contour line of the second cladding layer is rotated to obtain P'(x',y'), and the specific relationship is shown in Formula 9.

[0130] P ′ =R(α)P (3)

[0131] The second coating profile equation is as follows:

[0133]

[0134] After simplification, we get:

[0135]

[0136] The equation of the tangent circle is:

[0137] x 2 +y 2 =98 2 (6)

[0138] By calculating the combined equations (1) and (6), it is easy to obtain the coordinates of the first coating and the left weld leg of the workpiece (-70.412, 68.168); by combining equation (1) and the straight line y=x, the coordinates of the vertex of the first coating can be obtained (-69.873, 69.873). Rotating the two coordinate points clockwise by an angle α can obtain the coordinates of points A and D, as follows:

[0139] A:

[0140] D:

[0141] In order to construct the equation of the tangent line AE, we also need to solve the coordinates of point E. Since points D, E, and O are on the same straight line, we can solve equation (1) to get the coordinates of point E:

[0142]

[0143] Where k is the slope of the OD line, and its value is The overlap area contour expression function can be established by the coordinates of points D and E:

[0144]

[0145] The radius of the workpiece section circle is 98mm, and the section circle equation can be calculated as:

[0146] x 2 +y 2 =98 2

[0147] It can be seen from the improved TOM that when the overlap area (S ABE ) is equal to the overlap area (S BCD) When the gap area is half of the original area, the flatness is the highest. The first coating morphology contour function is f2(x), the second contour line morphology function is f3(x), the workpiece repair surface cross-section contour circle function is f4(x), and the overlap area outer contour function is f5(x). The area equation is as follows:

[0149]

[0150] Substitute each function expression into the equation and use MATLAB software to solve the optimal rotation angle, which is α=1.13°.

[0151] Substitute β=45°, α=1.13°, r=98.0mm into Figure 8 In the multi-pass laser cladding overlap diagram shown, the rotation radii d1 and d2 of the first coating and the second coating can be obtained as follows:

[0152] d1=r sinβ=69.2965mm; d2=r sin(β+α)=70.6496mm (11)

[0153] By It can be obtained that if the workpiece rotation angular velocity during the first coating is ω1, the workpiece rotation angular velocity during the second coating can be solved as It can be concluded that before each coating is clad, the rotation speed of the workpiece fixture must be reduced by about 0.02 to maintain the uniformity of each coating.

[0154] Reference Fig. 9 , which is a final effect diagram of a laser cladding example diagram of a laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0155] like Fig.10 1 is a functional module diagram of a laser cladding overlapping device applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0156] The laser cladding overlap device 100 applied to a spherical surface of the present invention can be installed in an electronic device. According to the functions to be implemented, the laser cladding overlap device 100 applied to a spherical surface can include a single coating acquisition module 101, a contour mathematical model construction module 102, and a laser cladding multi-coating overlap model construction module 103.

[0157] The module described in the present invention may also be referred to as a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device and can complete fixed functions, and is stored in a memory of the electronic device.

[0158] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows:

[0159] The single-coating acquisition module 101 is used to acquire an application spherical surface and perform a single-coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad.

[0160] In the embodiment of the present invention, the single-pass coating cladding process refers to performing a laser cladding operation on the workpiece once.

[0161] As an embodiment of the present invention, the single-layer coating cladding process is performed on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-layer coating after the process is completed, including:

[0162] Calculating spherical parameters of the application sphere, and adjusting process parameters of the cladding equipment according to the spherical parameters;

[0163] The cladding equipment is used to perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain the laser cladding single-pass coating.

[0164] In the embodiment of the present invention, the cladding equipment specifically refers to laser cladding equipment.

[0165] In the embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters refer to operating parameters of the cladding equipment adjusted according to the spherical parameters of the applied sphere, wherein the process parameters include but are not limited to laser power, scanning speed, focal position, laser beam diameter, etc.

[0166] In the embodiment of the present invention, the laser cladding single-pass coating refers to a single-layer covering layer in which the required special material is welded to the surface of the workpiece by heating the cladding material and the substrate surface through a laser beam in the laser cladding technology.

[0167] The contour mathematical model building module 102 is used to extract the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-layer coating, and to establish the contour mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve.

[0168] In the embodiment of the present invention, the outer contour curve refers to the contour of a single-pass coating clad by laser cladding on the application spherical surface.

[0169] As an embodiment of the present invention, the step of extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating includes:

[0170] Extracting initial outer profile data of the single-layer coating by laser cladding using a profilometer, and inputting the initial outer profile data into image fitting software to remove the miscellaneous peak data in the initial outer profile data to obtain standard outer profile data;

[0171] Using a variety of functions to perform fitting processing on the standard outer profile data respectively to obtain a plurality of fitting curves;

[0172] The goodness of fit of each function is calculated according to each fitting curve, and the fitting curve with the best goodness of fit is selected as the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating.

[0173] To ensure accurate extraction of contour lines, the embodiment of the present invention adopts multiple functions to fit contour lines and selects the best fitting curve as the outer contour curve. The multiple functions include but are not limited to Gaussian function, parabolic function, Lorentz function and sine function.

[0174] Further, the calculating the goodness of fit of each function according to each fitting curve comprises:

[0175] The goodness of fit R of each function is calculated using the following formula: 2 :

[0176]

[0177] Among them, t is the actual data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, p is the predicted data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, avg t is the actual data mean of single-pass laser cladding coating, and T is the total number of samples of single-pass laser cladding coating in the application sphere.

[0178] The embodiment of the present invention can achieve accurate extraction of the contour line of the single coating on the application sphere by extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single coating and establishing the contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent laser cladding multi-coating overlap model construction and the precision of the laser cladding multi-coating overlap model.

[0179] The laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model construction module 103 is used to establish a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application sphere according to the contour line mathematical model, and use the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model to laser clad the application sphere.

[0180] As an embodiment of the present invention, the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the applied spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, including:

[0181] According to the principle of symmetry, the plane where the starting point of the cladding path of the application sphere in the contour line mathematical model is located is selected as the research plane, the center of the application sphere is taken as the origin, the horizontal diameter line where the center of the application sphere is located is the horizontal axis, and the vertical diameter line is the vertical axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system for the cladding plane, and a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is built based on the cladding plane rectangular coordinate system.

[0182] In the embodiment of the present invention, the symmetry principle refers to the principle that the properties of cladding on a spherical surface remain unchanged after symmetry transformation.

[0183] Furthermore, after building the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model according to the rectangular coordinate system of the cladding plane, it also includes optimizing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model.

[0184] As an embodiment of the present invention, the optimization of the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model includes:

[0185] Extracting the first cladding layer, the second cladding layer, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head and the melt path deflection angle in the laser cladding multi-pass coating overlap model;

[0186] Mapping the fitting function of the first cladding layer to the part coordinate system to obtain the first cladding layer path;

[0187] Constructing a mathematical model of the second cladding layer according to the first cladding layer path, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head, and the melt path deflection angle to obtain a second cladding layer path;

[0188] establishing an improved tangent model according to the first cladding layer path and the second cladding layer path;

[0189] The optimal rotation angle of the melt path deflection angle is calculated according to the improved tangent model, and the rotation speed variation law is calculated based on the optimal rotation angle, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is optimized according to the rotation speed variation law.

[0190] Exemplarily, during the laser cladding process, when the area of ​​the overlapped region is equal to half of the area of ​​the overlapping region, the gap area reaches a minimum value, at which time the flatness of the laser cladding is the highest.

[0191] Exemplarily, the optimal rotation angle of the melt path deflection angle is calculated according to the improved tangent model by the following implementation steps:

[0192] It can be seen from the improved tangent model that each cladding layer on the spherical surface has the same rotation angular velocity, but due to the different rotation radius, the linear velocity of each cladding layer during deposition will be different, as shown by the following formula:

[0193] v i =ωd i

[0194] Among them, v i is the linear velocity of the cladding layer i, d i is the rotation radius of the ith coating layer, and ω is the angular velocity of rotation.

[0195] When the coating is deposited from low to high, the linear speed increases linearly with the rotation radius. To ensure that the cladding powder has the same deposition speed, the workpiece rotation speed can be gradually reduced or the powder feeding rate can be increased. From the perspective of saving materials and energy, it is chosen to gradually reduce the workpiece rotation speed.

[0196] Starting from the second coating, the change in the workpiece rotation angular velocity before each cladding can be expressed by the following formula:

[0197] v i =v i+1

[0198] ω i d i =ω i+1 d i+1

[0199]

[0200] Among them, ω i is the rotational angular velocity of the cladding i-th coating.

[0201] Reference Fig.11 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for implementing the laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0202] The electronic device may include a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication bus 12 and a communication interface 13, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10, such as a laser cladding overlapping method program applied to a spherical surface.

[0203] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of an integrated circuit, for example, a single packaged integrated circuit, or a plurality of packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and combinations of various control chips. The processor 10 is the control core (ControlUnit) of the electronic device, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various components of the entire electronic device, and executes or executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (for example, executing a laser cladding overlap method program applied to a spherical surface, etc.), and calls data stored in the memory 11 to execute various functions of the electronic device and process data.

[0204] The memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes flash memory, mobile hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (for example: SD or DX memory, etc.), magnetic memory, disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 can be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as a mobile hard disk of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the memory 11 can also be an external storage device of an electronic device, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the electronic device. Further, the memory 11 can also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device and an external storage device. The memory 11 can not only be used to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device, such as a code of a laser cladding overlap method program applied to a spherical surface, but can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0205] The communication bus 12 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus is configured to realize connection and communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10, etc.

[0206] The communication interface 13 is used for communication between the above-mentioned electronic device and other devices, including a network interface and a user interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is generally used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device and other electronic devices. The user interface may be a display (Display), an input unit (such as a keyboard (Keyboard)), and optionally, the user interface may also be a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, and an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode) touch device, etc. Among them, the display may also be appropriately referred to as a display screen or a display unit, which is used to display information processed in the electronic device and to display a visual user interface.

[0207] Fig.11 Only an electronic device with components is shown, and those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.11 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, and may include fewer or more components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0208] For example, although not shown, the electronic device may also include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component. Preferably, the power source may be logically connected to the at least one processor 10 through a power management device, so that the power management device can realize functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management. The power source may also include one or more DC or AC power sources, recharging devices, power failure detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and other arbitrary components. The electronic device may also include a variety of sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0209] It should be understood that the embodiment is for illustration only and the scope of the patent application is not limited to this structure.

[0210] The laser cladding overlapping method program for spherical surface stored in the memory 11 of the electronic device is a combination of multiple instructions. When running in the processor 10, it can achieve:

[0211] Acquire an application spherical surface, and perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, and obtain a laser cladding single-pass coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad;

[0212] Extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating, and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve;

[0213] A laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is used to perform laser cladding on the application spherical surface.

[0214] Specifically, the specific implementation method of the processor 10 for the above instructions can refer to the description of the relevant steps in the corresponding embodiment of the accompanying drawings, which will not be repeated here.

[0215] Furthermore, if the module / unit integrated in the electronic device 1 is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile. For example, the computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (ROM).

[0216] The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the computer program can implement:

[0217] Acquire an application spherical surface, and perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, and obtain a laser cladding single-pass coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad;

[0218] Extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating, and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve;

[0219] A laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is used to perform laser cladding on the application spherical surface.

[0220] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0221] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0222] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0223] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0224] Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, so it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any attached figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0225] The blockchain referred to in this invention is a new application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. Blockchain is essentially a decentralized database, a string of data blocks generated by cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. Blockchain can include the underlying blockchain platform, platform product service layer, and application service layer.

[0226] The embodiments of the present application can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Among them, artificial intelligence (AI) is the theory, method, technology and application system that uses digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge and use knowledge to obtain the best results.

[0227] In addition, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices stated in the system claim can also be implemented by one unit or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

[0228] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire an application spherical surface, and perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface, and obtain a laser cladding single-pass coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad; Extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating, and establishing a contour line mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve; A laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application spherical surface is established according to the contour line mathematical model, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is used to perform laser cladding on the application spherical surface.

2. The laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-pass coating cladding process is performed on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-pass coating after the process is completed, including: Calculating spherical parameters of the application sphere, and adjusting process parameters of the cladding equipment according to the spherical parameters; The cladding equipment is used to perform a single-pass coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain the laser cladding single-pass coating.

3. The laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The step of extracting the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating comprises: Extracting initial outer profile data of the single-layer coating by laser cladding using a profilometer, and inputting the initial outer profile data into image fitting software to remove the miscellaneous peak data in the initial outer profile data to obtain standard outer profile data; Using a variety of functions to perform fitting processing on the standard outer profile data respectively to obtain a plurality of fitting curves; The goodness of fit of each function is calculated according to each fitting curve, and the fitting curve with the best goodness of fit is selected as the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-pass coating.

4. The laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Calculating the goodness of fit of each function according to each fitting curve comprises: The goodness of fit R of each function is calculated using the following formula: 2 : Among them, t is the actual data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, p is the predicted data of laser cladding single-pass coating cladding, avg t is the actual data mean of single-pass laser cladding coating, and T is the total number of samples of single-pass laser cladding coating in the application sphere.

5. The laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The method of establishing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the applied spherical surface according to the contour line mathematical model includes: According to the principle of symmetry, the plane where the starting point of the cladding path of the application sphere in the contour line mathematical model is located is selected as the research plane, the center of the application sphere is taken as the origin, the horizontal diameter line where the center of the application sphere is located is taken as the horizontal axis, and the vertical diameter line is taken as the vertical axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system for the cladding plane, and a laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is built based on the rectangular coordinate system of the cladding plane.

6. The laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: After the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is constructed according to the rectangular coordinate system of the cladding plane, the method further includes optimizing the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model.

7. The laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The optimization of the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model includes: Extracting the first cladding layer, the second cladding layer, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head and the melt path deflection angle in the laser cladding multi-pass coating overlap model; Mapping the fitting function of the first cladding layer to the part coordinate system to obtain the first cladding layer path; Constructing a mathematical model of the second cladding layer according to the first cladding layer path, the overlapping area, the stacking area, the cladding direction, the starting deflection angle of the laser cladding head, and the melt path deflection angle to obtain a second cladding layer path; establishing an improved tangent model according to the first cladding layer path and the second cladding layer path; The optimal rotation angle of the melt path deflection angle is calculated according to the improved tangent model, and the rotation speed variation law is calculated based on the optimal rotation angle, and the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model is optimized according to the rotation speed variation law.

8. A laser cladding overlap device applied to a spherical surface, characterized in that: The device can implement the laser cladding overlap method applied to a spherical surface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the device comprises: A single-coating acquisition module is used to acquire an application spherical surface and perform a single-coating cladding process on the application spherical surface to obtain a laser cladding single-coating after the process is completed, wherein the application spherical surface refers to a surface with curvature of a workpiece to be laser clad; A contour mathematical model building module is used to extract the outer contour curve of the laser cladding single-layer coating, and to establish a contour mathematical model of the application sphere based on the outer contour curve; The laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model construction module is used to establish the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model of the application sphere according to the contour line mathematical model, and use the laser cladding multi-layer coating overlap model to laser clad the application sphere.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the laser cladding overlapping method applied to a spherical surface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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