Construction method for governing and repairing desertification degraded grassland in arid area

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for governing and repairing desertification degraded grassland in an arid area, and relates to the technical field of sand governing. The method comprises the following steps: evaluating a native vegetation type, vegetation coverage, a soil degradation and desertification degree, a soil type and a water resource condition; performing classified measures according to natural conditions, and determining different types of dune (flowing, fixed or semi-fixed) treatment measures; construction preparation; grid sand barriers are laid on the windward sides of the moving dunes and the semi-fixed dunes, and sand stabilization operation is conducted in a mechanical and manual combined mode; digging pits to plant indigenous shrubs subjected to special treatment, and using rooting water retention bags to improve the survival rate; the granular organic fertilizer and the seeds are mixed and stirred according to a certain proportion and then sown into soil at a time, the operation frequency is reduced, and precise fertilization is achieved. Through effective sand prevention and control measures, the sand wind damage is reduced, the living environment of farmers and herdsmen is protected, and the living quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sand land management, and in particular relates to a construction method for managing and repairing desertified and degraded grasslands in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Desertified and degraded grasslands in arid areas are mainly distributed in northern and western China, such as Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. These areas have harsh natural conditions and are arid and rainless areas. Evaporation is much greater than rainfall, the frost-free period is short, and the soil is mostly sandy soil with loose texture, strong permeability, water and fertilizer leakage, low organic matter content, and is not conducive to plant growth. Long-term influence of factors such as overgrazing, unreasonable land use and climate change has led to serious degradation of grassland ecosystems, and different types of desertification such as mobile sand dunes, fixed and semi-fixed sand dunes have appeared. Traditional methods for the management of desertified and degraded grasslands mainly include afforestation, closed protection, and reseeding of grass seeds, but there are the following problems:

[0003] The traditional method of planting shrubs is water-consuming and consumes a lot of fertilizer, and the survival rate is not high, especially in the case of water scarcity, it is difficult to ensure the survival of seedlings; the comprehensive laying of sand barriers and sand fixation measures requires a lot of manpower and material investment, the engineering cost is high, and it is not suitable for large-scale promotion and application; relying solely on natural recovery or simple human intervention, the vegetation recovery cycle is long, and it is difficult to see obvious results in the short term; the characteristics of different types of sand dunes (mobile, fixed or semi-fixed) are not fully considered, and a unified management model is adopted, which cannot effectively cope with the complex and changeable sand environment.

[0004] To this end, we provide a construction method for the management and restoration of desertified and degraded grasslands in arid areas to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is a construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grasslands in arid areas, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S100, On-site survey: assess native vegetation types, vegetation coverage, degree of soil degradation and desertification, soil types and water resource conditions;

[0008] S200, formulate treatment plan: classify and implement measures according to natural conditions, and determine treatment measures for different types of sand dunes (mobile, fixed or semi-fixed);

[0009] S300, Construction Preparation: Technical preparation, confirming the construction site, scope and area; Material preparation, selecting grass seeds, seedlings, and sand barrier materials; Machinery preparation, ensuring that the required machinery and equipment are in place;

[0010] S400, sand fixation: laying grid sand barriers on the windward side of mobile sand dunes and semi-fixed sand dunes, and using a combination of mechanical and manual methods to carry out sand fixation operations;

[0011] S500, Planting shrubs: dig holes and plant native shrubs that have been specially treated (such as soaked in a solution containing rooting powder), and use rooting water-retaining bags to increase the survival rate;

[0012] S600, seeding and fertilization: Mix granular organic fertilizer and seeds in a certain proportion and sow them into the soil at one time, reducing the number of operations and achieving precise fertilization;

[0013] S700, enclosure and management: protect newly planted vegetation through fencing and grazing bans to ensure ecological restoration.

[0014] The present invention is further configured that the size of the grid sand barrier in step S400 is 2m×2m, and the amount of sand barrier material is 0.5kg / m 2 The porosity is maintained at 15%, and the construction is first carried out along the direction perpendicular to the dune contour line (meridian sample line), and then along the parallel direction (weft sample line). A sand barrier straw press is used to press the straw to form a strip sand barrier. The two ends of the sand barrier material are manually lifted along the weft sample line. The depth of the middle part into the sand is 10-15cm, and it is the same height above the sand surface to ensure the stability of the sand barrier.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the diameter of the tree pit in step S500 is 30 cm and the depth is 30-40 cm. The rooting and water-retaining bag is made of degradable non-woven fabric, and is filled with a water-retaining agent with a water absorption capacity of 150 times and rooting powder that promotes plant growth. Before use, the rooting and water-retaining bag is placed in a solution of a green plant growth regulator Shuangjier-GGR (a water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids) with a concentration of 1g / 100kg to fully absorb water and swell, and is placed vertically close to the roots of the seedlings to ensure the survival rate of the seedlings while saving water resources.

[0016] The present invention is further configured that the seeds in step S600 are selected from drought-resistant and wind-resistant native shrubs such as Populus korshinskii and Caragana korshinskii, and grass seeds such as Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus adoxaceae, Icegrass, Achnatherum splendens, Caragana microphylla, Miscanthus annuus, Artemisia ordosica, etc., and are mixed in a ratio of 2:8 between shrubs and grasses, and a ratio of 5:3:2 between legumes, Gramineae, and other annual plants. The legume seeds are coated to prevent damage by rats, pathogens, and underground pests.

[0017] The present invention is further configured that step S600 also includes changing the traditional powdered organic fertilizer into granular organic fertilizer, evenly mixing it according to the designed ratio before sowing and pouring it into the no-till seeder, so as to complete sowing and fertilizing at one time, the sowing amount is 2kg / mu, the fertilizer amount is 1kg / mu, and the sowing depth is controlled at 1-3cm.

[0018] The present invention is further configured that the materials and equipment selected and used in step S300 include but are not limited to:

[0019] Grass seeds: Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus adansinoides, Ice grass in deserts, Achnatherum splendens, Caragana microphylla, Sago pampas grass, and Artemisia ordosica.

[0020] Seedlings: Poplar, Caragana korshinskii.

[0021] Sand barrier materials: rice straw, wheat straw, and straw mats.

[0022] Mechanical equipment: sand barrier grass trimmer, material transport vehicle, loading and unloading vehicle, no-till seeder, etc.

[0023] Non-woven fabric: pp fiber non-woven fabric + anti-aging agent, density 15g / ㎡~20g / ㎡, can be naturally decomposed when placed outdoors, and is non-toxic, odorless and leaves no residue when burned.

[0024] The present invention is further configured that step S300 further includes:

[0025] GPS measurement: Use GPS technology to measure the construction location, scope and area with an error of no more than 5%.

[0026] Familiarize yourself with the drawings: Organize technical personnel to familiarize themselves with the drawings and technical standards, and prepare all the required grass seeds, seedlings, and sand barrier materials.

[0027] Mechanical equipment: Ensure that mechanical equipment such as sand barrier mowers, material transport vehicles, loading and unloading vehicles, and no-till planters are in place and in good condition.

[0028] The present invention is further configured to adopt different vegetation restoration modes for different types of sand dunes:

[0029] Moving sand dunes: Take measures such as grid sand barriers + planting native shrubs.

[0030] Fix sand dunes: adopt technical measures combining fertilization + reseeding of native shrubs and grass seeds + planting of native shrubs.

[0031] Sand barrier setting: The direction of sand barrier setting should be perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the angle should not exceed 100° to adapt to the local wind and sand environment.

[0032] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention introduces the technology of rooting and water-retaining bags. The bag is made of degradable non-woven fabrics and is filled with highly efficient water-absorbing and water-retaining agents and rooting powder that promotes plant growth. After fully absorbing water and swelling, it is placed vertically close to the roots of the seedlings, which can significantly improve the survival rate of the seedlings, especially in arid areas with scarce water resources. Experiments have shown that after using rooting and water-retaining bags, the survival rate of shrubs can reach more than 80%; the traditional powdered organic fertilizer is replaced with granular organic fertilizer, and it is mixed with seeds in a certain proportion and sown into the soil at one time to ensure that the fertilizer is directly applied near the roots, achieving precise fertilization, reducing fertilizer loss, and improving plant absorption efficiency.

[0034] 2. The present invention selects appropriate control measures according to different types of sand dunes (mobile, fixed or semi-fixed), avoiding unnecessary comprehensive laying of sand barriers and reducing material and labor costs. For example, only the windward side of mobile sand dunes and semi-fixed sand dunes is covered with buried sand barriers, which can reduce the cost by half compared with the comprehensive deployment of sand barriers; in the sand fixation operation, a combination of machinery and manpower is adopted, such as using a sand barrier straw compactor to press straw to form a strip sand barrier, and then manually assisting in the laying of the sand barrier, which increases the efficiency by 40% and significantly reduces the construction cost; by selecting drought-resistant and wind-resistant native shrub and grass varieties and coating leguminous seeds, the emergence rate and preservation rate are directly improved, the need and frequency of later reseeding are reduced, and resources and funds are further saved.

[0035] 3. The present invention emphasizes the strategy of protection priority and natural recovery, and uses native plant species for vegetation restoration, which is in line with local ecological conditions and conducive to the establishment of long-term stability. Planted shrubs such as Caragana, Populus, Flower Stick, Salix psammophila, etc. are pioneer tree species for sand control and desertification control, which not only stabilize the deep soil and prevent soil and water loss, but also provide seed storage and preservation for other herbaceous plants. It also provides habitats for various animals and promotes the rapid recovery of the entire ecosystem chain. With the increase in vegetation coverage, the water retention capacity of the land is enhanced, wind erosion and water erosion are reduced, the local microclimate is improved, and biodiversity is increased, thereby enhancing the overall ecological service function of the region.

[0036] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is the picture before sand control.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a picture of the sand after treatment.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the grass grid sand barrier in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed sand dune structure in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the mobile sand dune structure in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of sand dunes and sand land in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example

[0047] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention is a construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grasslands in arid areas, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S100, On-site survey: assess native vegetation types, vegetation coverage, degree of soil degradation and desertification, soil types and water resource conditions;

[0049] S200, formulate treatment plan: classify and implement measures according to natural conditions, and determine treatment measures for different types of sand dunes (mobile, fixed or semi-fixed);

[0050] S300, Construction Preparation: Technical preparation, confirming the construction site, scope and area; Material preparation, selecting grass seeds, seedlings, and sand barrier materials; Machinery preparation, ensuring that the required machinery and equipment are in place;

[0051] S400, sand fixation: laying grid sand barriers on the windward side of mobile sand dunes and semi-fixed sand dunes, and using a combination of mechanical and manual methods to carry out sand fixation operations;

[0052] S500, Planting shrubs: dig holes and plant native shrubs that have been specially treated (such as soaked in a solution containing rooting powder), and use rooting water-retaining bags to increase the survival rate;

[0053] S600, seeding and fertilization: Mix granular organic fertilizer and seeds in a certain proportion and sow them into the soil at one time, reducing the number of operations and achieving precise fertilization;

[0054] S700, enclosure and management: protect newly planted vegetation through fencing and grazing bans to ensure ecological restoration.

[0055] Specifically, the management and restoration of sandy land in arid areas should give priority to the use of shrubs and grass species that are drought-resistant, wind-resistant, have well-developed root systems, and have strong soil-fixing and water-retaining capabilities for comprehensive management. It should comprehensively consider factors such as plant ecological water demand, precipitation, and forest and grass ecological water use, focus on the combination of shrubs and grasses, formulate management measures according to local conditions, select plant varieties, and determine the sowing amount of shrubs and grasses and the density of shrub planting. Mobile and semi-fixed sand dunes need to be fixed before ecological restoration, while fixed sand dunes can be directly restored ecologically. Mobile sand dunes and semi-fixed sand dunes adopt grid sand barriers + planting native shrubs; fixed sand dunes adopt technical measures that combine fertilization + reseeding native shrubs and grasses + planting native shrubs.

[0056] Sand fixation adopts the method of straw grid sand barrier, which adopts the combination of manual and mechanical methods. First, the longitude sample lines perpendicular to the dune contour lines are constructed, and then the latitude sample lines along the dune contour lines are constructed (the latitude sample lines along the dune contour lines are the longitude sample lines, and the longitude sample lines perpendicular to the dune contour lines are the latitude sample lines). First, a sand barrier straw press is used to press the straw along the longitude sample lines to form a strip sand barrier. Manually place a square shovel or a special iron fork in the center of the sand barrier material along the latitude sample lines and press down hard to make the two ends of the sand barrier material curl up, and the middle part of the sand material is pressed into the quicksand. The depth of the middle part of the sand barrier material in the sand is 10-15cm. At the same time, the two curled parts of the sand barrier material are 10-15cm higher than the sand surface. In this way, the task of laying the straw grid sand barrier is completed, which plays a role in sand fixation.

[0057] After the sand fixation operation is completed, shrubs are planted. Water is the key to the survival rate of shrubs. In arid areas, rainfall is low and groundwater is scarce. The use of water retaining agents can solve the problems of long transportation distance, water shortage and water leakage. The traditional way of using water retaining agents is to directly sprinkle the water retaining agent into the tree pit and then water it at least once to allow the water retaining agent to fully absorb water to play its role. The traditional method is water-consuming and labor-intensive, so the rooting water retaining bag was invented. The rooting water retaining bag is made of degradable non-woven fabric, and the bag contains water retaining agent and rooting powder. Before use, the non-woven bag containing water retaining agent particles is placed in the soaking pool to fully absorb water and expand. The aqueous solution in the soaking pool is a green plant growth regulator Shuangjier-GGR (containing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer) solution with a concentration of 1g / 100kg. The water retaining agent can absorb 150 times the water. The water-saturated water retaining bag is placed vertically close to the root system of the seedlings. It is simple to operate, efficient, and has a good water retention effect. It improves the survival rate of seedlings while saving water resources and reducing engineering construction costs.

[0058] To fix the sand dunes, we adopt the measures of sowing + fertilization, and select native grass and shrub species, with the ratio of grass and shrub being 2:8, and the ratio of legume, gramineous and annual species being 5:3:2. The specific grass and shrub species are Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus membranaceus, Icegrass, Achnatherum splendens, Caragana microphylla, Miscanthus annuus, and Artemisia ordosica, with the mass ratio of 3:5:3.5:1.3:4:1.6:1.6. In order to prevent rats, pathogens and underground pests from harming grass and shrub seeds, the legume seeds are coated, and the coating agent is composed of fungicide, insecticide, film-forming agent, corrosion inhibitor and adhesive. The fertilizer is changed from the traditional spreading powder organic fertilizer to granular organic fertilizer. Before sowing, it is evenly mixed according to the designed ratio and poured into the no-till seeder. The fertilizer is sown once with the grass and shrub seeds, and there is no need to operate the fertilizer twice before sowing. It not only saves time and mechanical operation costs, but also applies the fertilizer into the soil, which can play the role of precise fertilization and slow release of fertilizer effect.

[0059] In the above method, when planting shrubs, the planting density is 222 holes / mu, with two rows as a belt, the belt spacing is 5m, the row spacing is 1m, the hole spacing is 1m, and the planting is in a herringbone shape. The surface dry soil is peeled off with a shovel, and the tree pit with a diameter of 30cm and a depth of 30-40cm is dug. A drilling machine is used to dig a hole of 40-50cm. When placing native shrub seedlings, 2-3 native shrub seedlings / pit are placed against one side of the tree pit wall. The root system of the seedlings is required to be flat, and the growth point of the seedlings should be 10-15cm away from the ground surface. The water-retaining bag used is made of degradable non-woven fabric, and the bag contains water-retaining agent and rooting powder. Before use, the non-woven bag containing water-retaining agent particles is placed in a soaking pool to fully absorb water and expand. The aqueous solution in the soaking pool is a green plant growth agent with a concentration of 1g / 100kg. The regulator Shuangjier-GGR (water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids) solution, the water retaining agent can absorb 150 times of water. Place the water-saturated water retaining bag vertically close to the roots of the seedlings. After placing the water retaining bag, backfill the original soil. After backfilling about 2 / 3, lift the seedlings lightly so that the roots are slightly away from the bottom of the pit by about 3-4cm. After backfilling the planting hole, step on it firmly. In order to ensure the survival rate, add 3-5 shrub seeds into each pit. The seeds should be sown in the upper soil layer that can touch the water retaining bag without leaking out of the soil.

[0060] No-till sowing is carried out in fixed sandy areas, using mechanical drill sowing or manual broadcasting. In order to prevent rats, pathogens and underground pests from harming shrub and grass seeds, leguminous seeds are coated. The coating agent is composed of fungicide, insecticide, film-forming agent, corrosion inhibitor and adhesive. The fertilizer is granular organic fertilizer. Before sowing, it is evenly mixed according to the designed proportion and poured into the no-till seeder. The sowing amount is 2kg / mu, the fertilizer amount is 1kg / mu, and the sowing depth is 1-3cm. The mass ratio of Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus adansinoides, Icegrass, Achnatherum splendens, Caragana microphylla, Gnaphalium sphaerocephalum and Artemisia ordosum seeds is 3:5:3.5:1.3:4:1.6:1.6. Drill sowing is selected in the sandy land after the land is leveled, and the no-till reseeder is used for construction. It is suitable for areas with relatively flat terrain and easy access by machines. The row spacing of drill sowing is 30-50cm. Broadcasting is the process of spreading the seeds evenly on the sand surface, covering them evenly with soil using a rake, and then compacting them using a roller. Broadcasting is the process of manual sowing on steep slopes or in smaller wind erosion pits where a no-till machine cannot complete mechanical operations.

[0061] During the maintenance period, the local bare soil areas should be reseeded, and the original designed grass species should be selected for reseeding. The maintenance period is 3-5 years. There is no river system on the surface of the area, and water resources are seriously scarce. Ecological water use is mainly natural precipitation. According to the site conditions of the project area, reseeding is carried out in wind erosion pits and partially exposed soil plots. No-till sowing or manual sowing is adopted. Grazing is prohibited for 3-5 years in the treatment and restoration area. The main method of grazing prohibition is to use net fences for enclosure and grazing prohibition for closed cultivation and management. After sowing, animal trampling can suppress the emergence of seeds, but grazing should be prohibited when the seeds begin to germinate to prevent the budding buds from being trampled. Plant seedlings before shrubs.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction method for the management and restoration of desertified and degraded grasslands in arid areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, On-site survey: assess native vegetation types, vegetation coverage, degree of soil degradation and desertification, soil types and water resource conditions; S200, formulate treatment plan: classify and implement measures according to natural conditions, and determine treatment measures for different types of sand dunes (mobile, fixed or semi-fixed); S300, Construction Preparation: Technical preparation, confirming the construction site, scope and area; Material preparation, selecting grass seeds, seedlings, and sand barrier materials; Mechanical preparation, ensuring that the required mechanical equipment is in place; S400, sand fixation: laying grid sand barriers on the windward side of mobile sand dunes and semi-fixed sand dunes, and using a combination of mechanical and manual methods to carry out sand fixation operations; S500, Planting shrubs: dig holes and plant native shrubs that have been specially treated (such as soaked in a solution containing rooting powder), and use rooting water-retaining bags to increase the survival rate; S600, seeding and fertilization: Mix granular organic fertilizer and seeds in a certain proportion and sow them into the soil at one time, reducing the number of operations and achieving precise fertilization; S700, enclosure and management: protect newly planted vegetation through fencing and grazing bans to ensure ecological restoration.

2. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S400, the size of the grid sand barrier is 2m×2m, and the amount of sand barrier material is 0.5kg / m 2 The porosity is maintained at 15%, and the construction is first carried out along the direction perpendicular to the dune contour line (meridian sample line), and then along the parallel direction (weft sample line). A sand barrier straw press is used to press the straw to form a strip sand barrier. The two ends of the sand barrier material are manually lifted along the weft sample line. The depth of the middle part into the sand is 10-15cm, and it is the same height above the sand surface to ensure the stability of the sand barrier.

3. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tree pit in step S500 has a diameter of 30 cm and a depth of 30-40 cm. The rooting and water-retaining bag is made of degradable non-woven fabric and is filled with a water-retaining agent with a water absorption capacity of 150 times and rooting powder that promotes plant growth. Before use, the rooting and water-retaining bag is placed in a solution of a green plant growth regulator Shuangjier-GGR (a water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids) with a concentration of 1g / 100kg to fully absorb water and swell, and is placed vertically close to the roots of the seedlings to ensure the survival rate of the seedlings while saving water resources.

4. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The seeds selected in step S600 are drought-resistant and wind-resistant native shrubs such as Populus korshinskii and Caragana korshinskii, and grass seeds such as Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus adoxaceae, Agropyron striata, Achnatherum splendens, Caragana microphylla, Miscanthus annuus, Artemisia ordosica, etc., which are mixed in a ratio of 2:8 between shrubs and grasses, and a ratio of 5:3:2 between legumes, Gramineae, and other annual plants. Legume seeds are coated to prevent damage by rats, pathogens, and underground pests.

5. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S600 also includes changing the traditional powdered organic fertilizer into granular organic fertilizer, mixing it evenly according to the designed ratio before sowing, and pouring it into the no-till seeder, so as to complete sowing and fertilizing at one time, with a sowing amount of 2kg / mu, a fertilizer amount of 1kg / mu, and a sowing depth controlled at 1-3cm.

6. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The materials and equipment selected and used in step S300 include but are not limited to: Grass seeds: Lespedeza davurica, Astragalus adansinoides, Ice grass in deserts, Achnatherum splendens, Caragana microphylla, Sago pampas grass, and Artemisia ordosica. Seedlings: Poplar, Caragana korshinskii. Sand barrier materials: rice straw, wheat straw, and straw mats. Mechanical equipment: sand barrier grass trimmer, material transport vehicle, loading and unloading vehicle, no-till seeder, etc. Non-woven fabric: pp fiber non-woven fabric + anti-aging agent, density 15g / ㎡~20g / ㎡, can be naturally decomposed when placed outdoors, and is non-toxic, odorless and leaves no residue when burned.

7. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S300 further includes: GPS measurement: Use GPS technology to measure the construction location, scope and area with an error of no more than 5%. Familiarize yourself with the drawings: Organize technical personnel to familiarize themselves with the drawings and technical standards, and prepare all the required grass seeds, seedlings, and sand barrier materials. Mechanical equipment: Ensure that mechanical equipment such as sand barrier mowers, material transport vehicles, loading and unloading vehicles, and no-till planters are in place and in good condition.

8. The construction method for controlling and restoring desertified and degraded grassland in arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Different vegetation restoration modes are adopted for different types of sand dunes: Moving sand dunes: Take measures such as grid sand barriers + planting native shrubs. Fix sand dunes: adopt technical measures combining fertilization + reseeding of native shrubs and grass seeds + planting of native shrubs. Sand barrier setting: The direction of sand barrier setting should be perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the angle should not exceed 100° to adapt to the local wind and sand environment.

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