Reverse construction method for separating main body structure from supporting structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, particularly provides a reverse construction method for separating a main body structure from a supporting structure, and at least solves the problem of poor ventilation and lighting of a foundation pit. The reverse construction method comprises the steps that S1, engineering piles and steel stand columns in the projection range of a main building are constructed; s2, a first-layer beam-slab structure floor system higher than the preset elevation of the site is constructed, and the first-layer beam-slab structure floor system serves as an interface layer; s3, constructing a main building structure above the interface layer to a target layer; s4, earthwork below the interface layer is excavated to the base in a layered mode, and inter-column supports are arranged in a layered mode; s5, a bottom plate in the projection range of the main building is constructed, and a vertical component and a horizontal floor system between the interface layer and the bottom plate are constructed; and S6, the main building structure above the target floor is constructed to the top floor of the structure. The periphery of the projection area of the main building can be opened, and the ventilation and lighting conditions in the earth excavation period of the reverse building method are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and specifically provides a reverse construction method for separating a main structure from a supporting structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, urban land resources are becoming increasingly scarce, which makes the development and utilization of underground space of high-rise buildings increasingly valued. Underground space operations often use two construction methods: sequential construction and reverse construction. The sequential construction method has a longer construction period and higher operation costs. When the construction period is limited, the reverse construction method is more inclined to be used.

[0003] A major feature of the conventional reverse construction method is that all or part of the main underground structure is used as the supporting structure during the basement construction, and the underground structure is constructed from top to bottom and alternately with earthwork excavation. The conventional reverse construction method uses the horizontal structure layer constructed first as the interface layer between the forward and reverse construction of the structure, and can be constructed synchronously from top to bottom, thus saving construction time.

[0004] However, the conventional reverse construction method is not suitable for projects with a large foundation pit area and the main building is far away from the edge of the foundation pit. It also has defects such as poor ventilation and lighting in the foundation pit and difficulty in underground excavation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, that is, to solve at least one of the problems of the existing construction method, such as the small application scope, poor ventilation and lighting of the foundation pit, and great difficulty in underground excavation.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a reverse construction method for separating a main structure from a supporting structure, the reverse construction method comprising:

[0007] S1. Construction piles and steel columns within the projection range of the main construction building;

[0008] S2. Constructing a first-floor beam-slab structure floor slab that is higher than the preset height of the site elevation, and using the first-floor beam-slab structure floor slab as an interface layer;

[0009] S3, construct the main building structure above the interface layer to the target layer;

[0010] S4, excavating the earthwork below the interface layer to the base in layers, and setting column supports in layers;

[0011] S5, constructing the base plate within the projection range of the main building, and constructing the vertical components and horizontal floor slab between the interface layer and the base plate;

[0012] S6. Construct the main building structure above the target layer to the top layer of the structure.

[0013] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, step S3 further includes: while constructing the main building structure above the interface layer to the target layer, constructing a supporting structure outside the projection range of the main building.

[0014] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, step S1 includes: leveling the site, constructing engineering piles within the projection range of the main building, and inserting steel columns into the engineering piles;

[0015] Step S2 also includes: during construction, using the steel columns as vertical supporting components of the first-floor beam-slab structure floor.

[0016] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, after step S1, the reverse construction method further includes: performing a pile body integrity test on the engineering piles with the steel columns inserted through pre-buried acoustic detection pipes, and performing a static load test on the engineering piles without the steel columns inserted.

[0017] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned top-down construction method, before step S3, the top-down construction method further includes: constructing vertical reserved components on the first-floor beam-slab structure floor, wherein the vertical reserved components are provided with reserved longitudinal reinforcements in the up-and-down directions.

[0018] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned top-down construction method, the preset height is greater than the sum of the lengths of the vertical reserved components and the reserved longitudinal reinforcements; and / or the preset height is 2.0 m to 2.5 m.

[0019] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, step S4 includes: excavating the B within the projection range of the main building layer by layer with a downward slope; x Layer of earthwork, and set B x The inter-column support of the layer is provided until the excavation reaches the base, and the inter-column support of the base is provided, among which, B x The layer is the xth layer below the interface layer.

[0020] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, the "construction of the vertical components and horizontal floor slab between the interface layer and the bottom plate" includes: x After the concrete of the first floor has set, remove B x Layer column support, and construction B x The vertical components of the layer and B x-1 Floor, until construction is completed B 1 Floor cover and B 1 The vertical components of the layer, when x takes the maximum value, B max The floor cover is the base plate.

[0021] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, the "construction of vertical components and horizontal floor slabs between the interface layer and the base plate" also includes: connecting the vertical components of two adjacent layers until the vertical components of the B1 layer are connected to the vertical reserved components.

[0022] In some feasible implementations of the above-mentioned reverse construction method, A x The layer is the xth layer above the interface layer;

[0023] Step S3 includes: using the interface layer as a conversion layer, constructing A layer by layer upwards x Floor cover and A x vertical components of the layer until the target layer; and / or

[0024] Step S6 includes: starting from the target layer, constructing A layer by layer upwards x Floor cover and A x The vertical components of each layer extend up to the top floor of the structure.

[0025] The above one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following Beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) During the construction process, the first floor beam-slab structure floor, which is the interface layer, is designed and constructed to a position higher than the site elevation, which can avoid the early excavation work. This design makes it unnecessary to rush to construct the support structure before the main building structure above the interface layer is constructed. In addition, the construction method of layered excavation and layered column support is adopted during excavation. The column support set in this way ensures the stability and safety of the main structure during the reverse construction. It is no longer necessary to combine the main structure and the support structure to ensure the stability and safety of the main structure. Therefore, the construction of the main structure and the support structure can be separated. The two can be constructed independently and synchronously without interfering with each other, meeting the need for early construction of the main structure above the ground, thereby accelerating the progress of the entire project and effectively shortening the total construction period of the entire project. It also effectively avoids the restriction of the surrounding support structure on the construction space during the earthwork excavation process and the adverse effects on ventilation and lighting conditions.

[0027] (2) By using a first-floor beam-slab structure floor with a preset height exceeding the site elevation as the interface layer during the construction process, a well-lit space can be created between the floor and the site ground. This design makes the surroundings of the main building projection area open, greatly improving ventilation and lighting conditions during the construction phase. In addition, it also makes the excavation of the basement earthwork almost like open excavation, which not only reduces the construction difficulty, but also significantly improves work efficiency and effectively saves costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart of a reverse construction method for separating a main structure from a supporting structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a construction diagram of step S1 of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a construction diagram of step S2 of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a construction diagram of step S3 of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the construction of step S41 of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the construction of step S42 of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the construction of step S51 of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the construction of step S52 of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the construction of step S53 of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a construction schematic diagram of step S6 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure numerals: 10, engineering piles; 20, steel columns; 30, first-floor beam-slab structure floor; 301, vertical reserved components; 302, reserved longitudinal reinforcement; 303, first construction joint; 40, inter-column support; 50, bottom plate; 501, second construction joint; 60, horizontal floor; 601, vertical components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific applications. In order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are given in the specific embodiments below. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can also be implemented without certain specific details.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on directions or positional relationships in actual applications, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device to be protected must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of description and are not used to indicate or imply relative importance.

[0042] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of the main steps of a reverse construction method for separating a main structure from a supporting structure provided by the present invention. The reverse construction method for separating a main structure from a supporting structure provided by the present invention comprises:

[0045] S1. Construction piles 10 and steel columns 20 within the projection range of the main construction building.

[0046] Specifically, see Figure 2 Step S1 includes: leveling the site, constructing the engineering piles 10 within the projection range of the main building, and inserting the steel columns 20 into the engineering piles 10. Figure 2 SL in the figure represents the working surface after the site is leveled or the elevation of the site after the leveling. The leveled site can provide a stable and flat working surface, which is convenient for the subsequent pile foundation construction and other construction operations. The engineering pile 10 can penetrate deep into the ground and transfer the load of the building to the deeper soil layer, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the building. The bottom end of the steel column 20 is inserted into the engineering pile 10, and the top end of the steel column 20 is exposed on the leveled working surface. The connection between the steel column 20 and the engineering pile 10 can form a stable support system with excellent bearing capacity, which is conducive to ensuring the overall stability and safety of the subsequent construction of the building. In addition, the diameter of the engineering pile 10 is at least 600mm larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the steel column 20 to facilitate the insertion construction of the steel column 20.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S1, in order to improve the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation and ensure the safety of the building, for sites with poor geological soil conditions, before pile foundation construction, soft soil reinforcement or other forms of foundation treatment can be carried out in an area extending outward by approximately 2 to 3 preset spans from the main building. That is, with the main building as the center, soft soil reinforcement can be carried out outward by 2 to 3 preset spans to cover those areas that may have an adverse effect on the stability of the main building and the foundation.

[0048] On the basis of the above, in order to ensure the construction quality and safety, after step S1 and before step S2, the engineering piles 10 need to be inspected and accepted; specifically, the engineering piles 10 with steel columns 20 inserted are inspected for pile integrity through pre-buried acoustic detection tubes, and static load tests are performed on the engineering piles 10 without steel columns 20 inserted. By inspecting and accepting the engineering piles 10, quality problems existing in the construction process, such as cracks in the pile body, inclination of the pile body, deviation of the pile position, etc., can be discovered in time, and measures can be taken in time to deal with them, prevent the problems from expanding, and ensure the construction quality and safety.

[0049] Among them, the static load test is a method for directly evaluating the bearing capacity of the pile foundation. It is to evaluate the bearing capacity of the pile foundation by applying a vertical load on the top of the pile and monitoring the settlement and deformation of the pile. Due to the existence of the steel column 20, it is difficult to implement a static load test on the engineering pile 10 with the steel column 20 inserted, while the sonic detection tube detection is not limited by this. Therefore, the pile body integrity test is performed on the engineering pile 10 with the steel column 20 inserted through the pre-buried sonic detection tube. The sonic detection tube detection is a non-destructive detection method. Without destroying the engineering column, sound waves can be emitted into the pile body through the pre-buried sonic detection tube to detect defects, cracks or segregation inside the pile body. At the same time, the sonic detection tube detection has high accuracy and speed, and can complete a large number of pile foundation detection work in a short time, thereby improving the progress and efficiency of the project.

[0050] S2. Construct a first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 higher than a preset height of the site elevation, and use the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 as an interface layer.

[0051] Specifically, see Figure 3 , the construction of the first floor beam-slab structure floor 30 begins at the preset height above the site elevation, and the steel columns 20 are used as vertical support members of the first floor beam-slab structure floor 30 during construction. In this process, according to the requirements of the design drawings, steel bars, concrete and other materials are used to cast and solidify beams and slabs to form a solid and durable floor structure. At the same time, it will also ensure that the flatness and levelness of the floor structure meet the design requirements to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent construction and use.

[0052] In another embodiment of selecting the interface layer, before construction, a specific horizontal plane is selected as the interface layer, wherein this reference interface layer is used as the core reference for site leveling, and the site is comprehensively and carefully measured using high-precision measuring instruments to accurately calculate the difference between the current site elevation and the preset height below the interface layer to be reached. In the actual operation of leveling the site, the site elevation is adjusted to a preset specific height below the interface layer, and then, relying on this precisely located interface layer, the construction of the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 is started.

[0053] For further information, see Figure 3 , after step S2 and before step S3: construct vertical reserved components 301 on the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30, wherein the vertical reserved components 301 are provided with reserved longitudinal reinforcements 302 in the up-down direction. The vertical reserved components 301 can serve as the connection point and support point between the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 and the subsequent floors, providing the necessary stable support for the extension of the building in the vertical direction, which is conducive to ensuring the stability and continuity of the entire building structure in the vertical dimension, and laying a solid foundation for the overall safety performance of the building.

[0054] On the basis of the above, the preset height is greater than the sum of the lengths of the vertical reserved components 301 and the reserved longitudinal reinforcement 302, that is, the distance between the interface layer and the site elevation level is greater than the sum of the length of the vertical reserved components 301 in the height direction and the length of the reserved longitudinal reinforcement 302 extending upward or downward. For example, the preset height is 2.0m to 2.5m, and the sum of the lengths of the vertical reserved components 301 and the reserved longitudinal reinforcement 302 is 800mm to 1000mm. Among them, the use of an appropriate preset height can not only provide sufficient space for the construction of the vertical reserved components 301 and the reserved longitudinal reinforcement 302, but also reduce interference and conflict during the construction process. In addition, the larger preset height can also provide sufficient operating space for basement earth excavation, so that construction personnel can more conveniently perform excavation, transportation and stacking of earth.

[0055] In addition, when constructing the first floor beam-slab structure floor 30, the first floor beam-slab structure floor 30 is reserved with construction joints (i.e. Figure 3 The reservation of the construction joint enables the various parts of the building above the interface layer to be firmly combined together during the staged construction process, which is conducive to avoiding the unreliability problem caused by segmented construction.

[0056] S3, the main building structure above the construction interface layer to the target layer. The construction adopts the sequential construction method, that is, the main building structure above the construction interface layer to the target layer.

[0057] Specifically, see Figure 4, with the interface layer as the conversion layer, construct A layer by layer upwards x Floor cover and A x The vertical component 601 of each layer is connected to the target layer. x The layer is the xth layer above the interface layer. 0 Layer (also called B 0 The first floor above the interface layer is A 1 The second floor above the interface layer is A 2 The target layer is the mth layer above the interface layer, that is, the target layer is A m During construction, the interface layer is used as the conversion layer, and A is constructed first. 1 Floor cover and A 1 Vertical member 601 of the layer, A 1 The vertical member 601 of the first floor is connected with the vertical reserved member 301 of the beam-slab structure floor 30 of the first floor, and then the A 2 Floor cover and A 2 Vertical member 601 of the layer, A 2 The vertical component 601 of the layer and A 1 The vertical components 601 of the layers are connected until the target layer A m The construction of the floor slab and vertical member 601 of the target layer is completed. In addition, if there is a podium, each floor slab between the interface layer and the target layer can be reserved with a construction joint.

[0058] It should be noted that the specific number of target layers will vary in different construction scenarios, for example, Figure 4 The target layer A m The third layer above the interface layer (i.e., A 3 However, in actual projects, in order to ensure the stability and safety of the building, the specific number of target layers needs to be comprehensively considered and decided based on factors such as foundation conditions, structural design of the building, construction conditions, regulatory requirements, and the location and function of the interface layer.

[0059] S4. Excavate the earth below the interface layer in layers to the base, and set up column supports 40 in layers.

[0060] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 Step S4 includes: excavating the B within the projection range of the main building layer by layer. x Layer of earthwork, and set B x The column support 40 of the layer is excavated until the base is reached, and the column support 40 of the base is set, wherein B x The layer is the xth layer below the interface layer, B 0 The layer is the interface layer. When x takes the maximum value, B maxThe layer is the base. During construction, the inter-column support 40 adopts an inter-column steel support. The inter-column support 40 is arranged between two steel columns 20. The inter-column support 40 is fixedly connected to the two steel columns 20 respectively. Specifically, the two steel columns 20 connected by the inter-column support 40 are defined as the first steel column and the second steel column respectively. The inter-column support 40 can adopt an X-shaped cross support structure, and the cross support structure includes a first support member and a second support member. The top of the first support member is connected to the first steel column, and the bottom of the first support member is connected to the second steel column. The top of the second support member is connected to the second steel column, and the top of the second support member is higher than the bottom of the first support member on the second steel column; the bottom of the second support member is connected to the first steel column, and the bottom of the second support member is lower than the top of the first support member on the first steel column. The construction technology of layer-by-layer slope excavation can ensure that the soil layer remains stable and safe during the excavation process; and the strategy of layered inter-column support 40 can effectively ensure the stability and safety of the main structure.

[0061] In addition, when the earthwork excavation is carried out in layers, the layer thickness of the soft soil layer is less than or equal to 1.0m. This can effectively reduce the unbalanced earth pressure (such as horizontal thrust) on the main structure caused by the height difference of the earthwork, thereby avoiding adverse effects on the safety and stability of the main structure and the construction accuracy. It can also ensure the safety and stability of the foundation pit soil layer, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction process while ensuring safety.

[0062] Specifically, see Figure 5 , S41, the first layer below the excavation interface layer (i.e. B 1 Layer) of earthwork, set B 1 The column support of the layer is 40, and the B 1 The inter-column supports 40 of each layer are fixedly connected to the steel columns 20 on both sides.

[0063] See also Figure 6 , S42, the second layer below the excavation interface layer (i.e. B 2 Layer) of earthwork, set B 2 The column support of the layer is 40, and the B 2 The inter-column supports 40 of the layer are fixedly connected to the steel columns 20 on both sides. The above operation is repeated until the excavation reaches the base, the inter-column supports 40 of the base are set, and the inter-column supports 40 of the base are fixedly connected to the steel columns 20 on both sides.

[0064] It should be noted that the bottom layer below the interface layer (i.e. B max layer) as the base, such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the second layer below the interface layer is the bottom layer below the interface layer, that is, the base layer is the second layer below the interface layer. The number of underground layers below the interface layer will vary in different construction scenarios, and comprehensive analysis and decision-making are required based on multiple aspects such as foundation conditions, building purpose, urban planning, structural stability, construction conditions and technical level, and economic factors.

[0065] In another embodiment, under the premise of satisfying the requirements of structural stability and bearing capacity, a parallel excavation method can be adopted, that is, multiple layers of basement earthwork are combined and excavated at one time, and then cross-layer column supports 40 are set until the excavation reaches the base, and column supports 40 of the base are set.

[0066] S5. Construct the bottom plate 50 within the projection range of the main building, and construct the vertical components 601 and the horizontal floor slab 60 between the interface layer and the bottom plate 50.

[0067] Furthermore, the “vertical member 601 and the horizontal floor slab 60 between the construction interface layer and the bottom plate 50” include: x After the concrete of the first floor has set, remove B x The column support of the layer is 40, and the B x The vertical members 601 and B of the layer x-1 The floor slab connects the vertical components 601 of two adjacent floors until the construction is completed. 1 Floor cover and B 1 The vertical member 601 of the layer, and B 1 The vertical component 601 of the layer is connected to the vertical reserved component 301, wherein B x The layer is the xth layer below the interface layer, B x The floor cover is the xth floor cover below the interface layer, such as B 1 The first floor is the first floor below the interface layer. When x takes the maximum value, B max The floor is covered with a base plate 50.

[0068] It should be noted that when constructing the bottom plate 50 within the projection range of the main building, a construction joint (i.e. Figure 7The second construction joint 501 in the structure is provided, and a construction joint is reserved for each floor slab between the interface layer and the base plate 50. In this process, the inter-column support 40 is used as a temporary support structure to maintain the stability of the building structure before the concrete is poured. When the concrete reaches a sufficient strength, the inter-column support 40, which is a temporary support structure, can be removed. This can release more construction space and facilitate subsequent construction. After the inter-column support 40 is removed, the construction of the vertical member 601 can begin, and the vertical member 601 can be connected to the upper and lower adjacent vertical members 601. This layer-by-layer connection method is not only conducive to ensuring the safety of underground construction, but also helps to enhance the stability of the overall structure. The vertical member 601 is provided with longitudinal reinforcement in the up and down directions, wherein the concrete strength of the interface layer is similar to that of the B 1 The concrete strength of the vertical components 601 of each layer is the same. After construction, the vertical components 601 on each floor slab are connected with the vertical reserved components 301 to form a whole.

[0069] In one embodiment, B 2 Layer B max Layer is used as an example to illustrate, that is, B 2 The layer is the base, B 2 The floor is a base plate 50, and step S5 comprises:

[0070] S51, excavate the earthwork within the thickness of the bottom plate 50, and construct the bottom plate 50 within the projection range of the main building. For details, please refer to Figure 7 .

[0071] S52, after the concrete of the bottom plate 50 is initially set, the column support 40 of the base is removed, and the vertical members 601 and B of the base are constructed. 1 For details, please refer to Figure 8 .

[0072] S53, Waiting for B 1 After the concrete of the first floor has set, remove B 1 The column support of the layer is 40, and the B 1 The vertical member 601 of the layer makes B 1 The vertical components 601 of the layer are connected to the vertical components 601 of the base and the vertical reserved components 301 respectively. Fig. 9 .

[0073] In another embodiment, B 3 Layer B max Layer is used as an example to illustrate, that is, B 3 The basal layer, B 3 The floor is a base plate 50, and step S5 comprises:

[0074] S501, excavate the earth within the thickness of the bottom plate 50, and construct the bottom plate 50 within the projection range of the main building.

[0075] S502: After the concrete of the bottom plate 50 has initially set, the column supports 40 of the base are removed, and the vertical members 601 and B of the base are constructed. 2 Layer floor cover.

[0076] S503, Wait B 2 After the concrete of the first floor has set, remove B 2 The column support of the layer is 40, and the B 2 The vertical members 601 and B of the layer 1 The vertical member 601 of the base is connected with B 2 The vertical members 601 of the layers are connected.

[0077] S504, Wait B 1 After the concrete of the first floor has set, remove B 1 The column support of the layer is 40, and the B 1 The vertical member 601 of the layer makes B 1 The vertical components 601 of the layer are respectively connected to the B 2 The vertical components 601 of the layer and the vertical reserved components 301 are connected.

[0078] S6. Main building structure above the construction target floor to the top floor of the structure.

[0079] Specifically, see Fig.10 , starting from the target layer, construct A layer by layer upwards x Floor cover and A x The vertical members 601 of the layer are connected to the top layer of the structure, wherein A x The layer is the xth layer above the interface layer, A x The floor slab is the xth floor slab above the interface layer. When x takes the maximum value, the top floor of the structure is A max During construction, the target layer A 3 Layer is the starting point, and construction A is done first. 4 Floor cover and A 4 Vertical member 601 of the layer, A 4 The vertical component 601 of the layer and A 3 The vertical components 601 of the layer are connected, and then A is constructed 5 Floor cover and A 5 Vertical member 601 of the layer, A 5 The vertical component 601 of the layer and A 4 The vertical components 601 of each layer are connected until the construction of the floor slab and vertical components 601 of the top layer of the structure is completed.

[0080] In the construction process of this embodiment, since the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 as the interface layer is designed and constructed to a position higher than the site elevation, the early excavation work can be avoided. This design makes it unnecessary to rush to construct the support structure before the main building structure above the interface layer is constructed. In addition, when excavating, a construction method of layered excavation and layered inter-column support 40 is adopted. The inter-column support 40 set in this way ensures the stability and safety of the main structure during the reverse construction. It is no longer necessary to combine the main structure and the support structure to ensure the stability and safety of the main structure. Therefore, the construction of the main structure and the support structure can be separated, and the two can be constructed independently and synchronously without interfering with each other, meeting the demand for early construction of the main structure above the ground, thereby accelerating the progress of the entire project and effectively shortening the total construction period of the entire project.

[0081] In addition, by using the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 with a preset height exceeding the site elevation as the interface layer during the construction process, a well-lit space can be left between the floor and the site ground. This design makes the surroundings of the main building projection area open, thereby greatly improving the ventilation and lighting conditions during the construction stage. In addition, it also makes the excavation of the basement earthwork almost like open excavation, which not only reduces the construction difficulty, but also significantly improves work efficiency and effectively saves costs. At the same time, it also has the advantage of a wide range of applications and can be used for projects with large foundation pit areas and the main building far from the edge of the foundation pit. In addition, the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 with a preset height exceeding the site elevation can also leave construction space for vertical reserved components 301 and reserved longitudinal reinforcement 302, and secondly, it further facilitates the excavation of earthwork below the interface layer.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to shorten the total construction period of the entire project, step S3 also includes: while constructing the main building structure above the interface layer to the target layer, constructing the support structure outside the projection range of the main building. Among them, the support structure should avoid the projection range of the main building to ensure that the construction of the support structure and the main structure do not interfere with each other, so as to meet the demand for early construction of the main structure above the ground. If the construction organization conditions are met, the support structure and the main structure can be started independently at the same time, which can create more favorable and safe conditions for earth excavation below the interface layer, and can shorten the overall construction period.

[0084] Among them, since the first-floor beam-slab structure floor 30 as the interface layer is designed and constructed to a position higher than the site elevation, the early excavation work can be avoided. This design makes it unnecessary to rush to construct the support structure before the main building structure above the interface layer is constructed. In addition, when excavating, a construction method of layered excavation and layered inter-column support 40 is adopted. The inter-column support 40 set in this way ensures the stability and safety of the main structure during the reverse construction. It is no longer necessary to combine the main structure and the support structure to ensure the stability and safety of the main structure. Therefore, the construction of the main structure and the support structure can be separated. The two can be constructed independently and synchronously without interfering with each other, meeting the demand for early construction of the main structure above the ground, thereby accelerating the progress of the entire project, effectively shortening the total construction period of the entire project, and effectively avoiding the surrounding support structure during the earthwork excavation process. Restriction on the construction space and adverse effects on ventilation and lighting conditions.

[0085] Furthermore, the reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure provided by the present invention also includes: buildings in other areas outside the projection range of the main building can be independently and synchronously constructed according to conventional construction methods. This can effectively utilize time and human resources, avoid construction stagnation that may be caused by waiting for the progress of the main building construction, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency and shortening the construction period of the entire project.

[0086] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse construction method with a main structure and a supporting structure separated, characterized in that: The reverse construction method comprises: S1. Construction piles and steel columns within the projection range of the main construction building; S2. Constructing a first-floor beam-slab structure floor slab that is higher than the preset height of the site elevation, and using the first-floor beam-slab structure floor slab as an interface layer; S3, construct the main building structure above the interface layer to the target layer; S4, excavating the earthwork below the interface layer to the base in layers, and setting column supports in layers; S5, constructing the base plate within the projection range of the main building, and constructing the vertical components and horizontal floor slab between the interface layer and the base plate; S6. Construct the main building structure above the target layer to the top layer of the structure.

2. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S3 also includes: While constructing the main building structure above the interface layer to the target layer, the supporting structure outside the projection range of the main building is constructed.

3. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 includes: leveling the site, constructing engineering piles within the projection range of the main building, and inserting steel columns into the engineering piles; Step S2 also includes: during construction, using the steel columns as vertical supporting components of the first-floor beam-slab structure floor.

4. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: After step S1, the reverse construction method further comprises: The pile body integrity test is performed on the engineering piles inserted with the steel columns through the pre-buried acoustic detection tube, and the static load test is performed on the engineering piles not inserted with the steel columns.

5. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before step S3, the reverse construction method further includes: Vertical reserved components are constructed on the first-floor beam-slab structure floor, wherein the vertical reserved components are provided with reserved longitudinal reinforcements in the up-and-down directions.

6. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The preset height is greater than the sum of the lengths of the vertical reserved member and the reserved longitudinal reinforcement; and / or The preset height is 2.0m to 2.5m.

7. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Step S4 includes: excavating the B within the projection range of the main building layer by layer. x Layer of earthwork, and set B x The inter-column support of the layer is provided until the excavation reaches the base, and the inter-column support of the base is provided, among which, B x The layer is the xth layer below the interface layer.

8. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The "construction of vertical components and horizontal floor slabs between the interface layer and the base plate" includes: Waiting for B x After the concrete of the first floor has set, remove B x Layer column support, and construction B x The vertical components of the layer and B x-1 floor until the construction of the B1 floor and the vertical components of the B1 floor is completed. When x takes the maximum value, B max The floor cover is the base plate.

9. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The "construction of vertical components and horizontal floor slabs between the interface layer and the base plate" also includes: The vertical components of two adjacent layers are connected until the vertical components of the B1 layer are connected to the vertical reserved components.

10. The reverse construction method for separating the main structure from the supporting structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A x The layer is the xth layer above the interface layer; Step S3 includes: using the interface layer as a conversion layer, constructing A layer by layer upwards x Floor cover and A x vertical components of the layer until the target layer; and / or Step S6 includes: starting from the target layer, constructing A layer by layer upwards x Floor cover and A x The vertical components of each layer extend up to the top floor of the structure.

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