Deslagging system of vertical shaft heading machine under tuff geological condition

Abstract

The invention provides a deslagging system of a vertical shaft heading machine under tuff geological conditions, which is used for solving the problem that when the vertical shaft heading machine in the prior art is used for deslagging in a scraping plate manner, muddy rock slag adhered to a scraping plate of the vertical shaft heading machine cannot be removed or the muddy rock slag solidified into solid rock slag cannot be removed to block a channel. In order to achieve the purpose and other related purposes, the invention provides a deslagging system of a vertical shaft heading machine under the tuff geological condition. The deslagging system comprises a cutterhead body, a lifting unit of a deslagging channel located in the center of the cutterhead, a deslagging unit comprising a conveying subunit and a scraper, a topsoil cleaning subunit and a solidified tuff cleaning subunit, and the deslagging system capable of timely cleaning the scraper in the deslagging unit underground is obtained. Therefore, the problem that in the prior art, when the vertical shaft heading machine discharges slag in a scraping plate mode, muddy rock slag adhering to a scraping plate of the vertical shaft heading machine cannot be discharged or the muddy rock slag cannot be discharged after being solidified into solid rock slag, and a channel cannot be blocked is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of shaft boring machines, and in particular relates to a slag discharge system of a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions. Background Art

[0002] Vertical shafts are important engineering structures for humans to develop underground space and resources, and one of the most widely used mechanical well construction methods at home and abroad is the use of vertical shaft drilling rigs.

[0003] As a type of shaft drilling rig, the full-section tunnel boring machine uses a full-section cutter head to excavate the shaft from top to bottom. The excavated rock debris is continuously lifted vertically from underground and discharged to the ground. During construction, there is no need to excavate slag holes and underground slag discharge channels. It has good adaptability to construction conditions, high construction efficiency, and low safety risks. It can also simultaneously implement shaft wall support, excavation guidance and other operations. It is a commonly used shaft drilling rig.

[0004] Patent CN110735640B discloses "a shaft boring machine and its cutterhead", which specifically discloses a cutterhead, which greatly increases the slag discharge efficiency of the shaft boring machine by arranging a plurality of slag troughs with side openings on the cutterhead surface. However, since the conveying device inside the slag trough uses a scraper to discharge slag, when encountering tuff water-bearing geological conditions, tuff, as a volcanic clastic rock, will become a mud after absorbing water. This mud has a certain viscosity and will stick to the scraper. Once it solidifies, it will deform into a solid similar to cement. This solid is difficult to clean underground, which will lead to blockage of the slag discharge channel, seriously affecting the slag discharge efficiency of the shaft boring machine.

[0005] In summary, when the current shaft boring machine uses a scraper to remove slag, there is a problem that the scraper cannot be free of sticky muddy slag or the muddy slag solidifies into solid slag and cannot block the passage. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, an object of the present invention is to provide a slag discharge system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that when the shaft boring machine uses a scraper to discharge slag, there is an inability to remove the sticky muddy rock slag on the scraper or the muddy rock slag solidifies into solid rock slag and cannot remove the blockage of the channel.

[0007] The present invention provides a slag discharge system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions, characterized in that the slag discharge system comprises: A cutter disc body, wherein the cutter disc body is arranged to rotate on its own; A lifting unit, wherein a slag discharge channel is provided at the center of the cutter head body, and a lifting unit for lifting the slag on the working surface out of the working surface is provided in the slag discharge channel; A slag discharge unit, the slag discharge unit comprising a scraper for driving the slag generated on the working surface to move and a conveying subunit for providing moving power for the scraper; The scraper scrapes the slag generated on the working surface, the side wall of the scraper scrapes the slag toward the slag discharge channel, and the surface of the scraper scraping the slag is the scraping surface, and the conveying end of the conveying subunit drives the scraper to convey the slag on the working surface to the lifting unit in the slag discharge channel; The cleaning unit includes a floating soil cleaning subunit and a solidified tuff cleaning subunit, and the moving stroke of the scraper includes a reset stroke and a scraping stroke; The floating soil cleaning subunit comprises a floating soil scraper, which is slidably arranged on the cutter disc body and scrapes off the floating soil on the scraper when the floating soil scraper is in operation; The solidified tuff cleaning subunit includes a solidified tuff cleaning plate, a resistance data collector and a data processing element. The solidified tuff cleaning plate slides and cleans the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper. The resistance data collector collects the resistance data encountered by the floating soil scraper when sliding. The signal input end of the data processing element is electrically connected to the signal output end of the resistance data collector. The data processing element controls the solidified tuff cleaning plate to clean the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper according to the output signal of the resistance data collector.

[0008] As an optional solution, the floating soil cleaning subunit further includes a first hydraulic cylinder; The pushing end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the floating soil scraper, the extension direction of the first hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper, and the first hydraulic cylinder provides power for the sliding of the floating soil scraper.

[0009] As an optional solution, the solidified tuff cleaning subunit further includes a second hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder and a fixed plate; The pushing end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, the pushing end of the second hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed plate to move, the extension direction of the second hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper, and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed plate to move in a direction parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper; The cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the pushing end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the solidified tuff cleaning plate, the extension and retraction direction of the cylinder is perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper, the cylinder drives the solidified tuff cleaning plate to move in a direction perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper, and the solidified tuff cleaning plate cleans the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper under the drive of the cylinder.

[0010] As an optional solution, the solidified tuff cleaning subunit further includes a force unloading plate; The force unloading plate is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate; When the solidified tuff cleaning plate cleans the scraper, the scraper is located between the solidified tuff cleaning plate and the force unloading plate, and the force unloading plate and the scraper are in contact with each other.

[0011] As an optional solution, the solidified tuff cleaning subunit further includes a plurality of protrusions, which are all fixedly mounted on the solidified tuff cleaning plate, and the protrusions are used to break up the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper.

[0012] As an optional solution, the conveying subunit is a ring conveyor; The annular conveyor comprises a conveyor body, a chain and a sprocket, the conveyor body is provided with at least two sprockets, and the power end of the conveyor body provides rotational power for the sprockets; A chain is arranged between the sprockets, and the sprockets are meshed with the chain; The scrapers are arranged on the chain in an array along the outer contour of the chain, and the scrapers are driven to move by the chain when the chain moves; A slag inlet is provided through the side wall of the slag discharge channel. During the movement of the chain, the rock slag scraped by the scraper moves through the slag inlet into the lifting unit of the slag discharge channel.

[0013] As an optional solution, the transport subunit further includes a guide pipe; The guide pipe is fixedly installed at the slag inlet of the slag discharge channel, one end of the guide pipe is communicated with the internal space of the slag discharge channel, the other end of the guide pipe extends out of the outer wall of the slag discharge channel, and the bottom end surface of the guide pipe is in contact with the working surface; The sprocket closest to the slag discharge channel among the plurality of sprockets is a first sprocket, and the first sprocket is located in the guide pipe; When the chain drives the scraper to move, the scraper delivers the rock debris on the working surface into the lifting unit through the guide pipe.

[0014] As an optional solution, the conveying subunit further includes an annular guide rail; The annular guide rail comprises a guide rail body and a guide slide groove; The guide rail body is located inside the chain, and a guide groove is formed on the outer wall of the guide rail body; The scraper is slidably mounted on the chain, and the sliding direction of the scraper is perpendicular to the working surface; The balls are fixedly mounted on the scraper, and the balls are rollingly mounted in the guide grooves.

[0015] As an optional solution, the annular guide rail is divided into a first guide rail segment, a second guide rail segment and a third guide rail segment; The third guide rail section is located between the first guide rail section and the second guide rail section, the first guide rail section is closer to the slag discharge channel than the second guide rail section, the first guide rail section is fixedly mounted on the conveyor body, the second guide rail section is slidably arranged on the conveyor body, and the sliding direction of the second guide rail section is perpendicular to the working surface; The guide surface of the first guide rail section is a first guide surface, the guide surface of the second guide rail section is a second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the moving direction of the chain, and the first guide surface is parallel to the working surface; The third guide rail section includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the guide groove of the second slide rail extends at both ends and passes through the slide rail body of the second slide rail, the second slide rail is hinged to the second guide rail section, the rotation axis of the second slide rail is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the scraper, the guide groove of the second slide rail is connected to the guide groove of the second guide rail section, and the ball rolls from the guide groove of the second guide rail section into the guide groove of the second slide rail; The guide groove of the first slide rail extends at both ends and passes through the slide rail body of the first slide rail, the first slide rail is hinged to the first guide rail section, the rotation axis of the first slide rail is parallel to the rotation axis of the second guide rail, the guide groove of the first slide rail is connected to the guide groove of the first guide rail section, the guide groove of the first slide rail is slidably connected to the slide rail body of the second slide rail, the sliding direction of the slide rail body of the second slide rail is the same as the guiding direction of the guide groove of the first slide rail, and the ball rolls from the guide groove of the first slide rail to the guide groove of the first guide rail section.

[0016] As an optional solution, the third guide rail segment includes two first slide rails and two second slide rails, and the first guide rail segment and the second guide rail segment each include two connection points; The movement trajectory of the scraper when moving along the first guide rail section is the first movement trajectory, and the movement trajectory of the scraper when moving along the second guide rail section is the second movement trajectory; The two hinged positions of the first guide rail section and the two first slide rails are respectively a first connection point and a third connection point, the first connection point and the third connection point are both located outside the guide pipe, and the third connection point is located behind the first connection point along the first moving trajectory. The two hinged positions of the second guide rail section and the two second slide rails are respectively a second connection point and a fourth connection point, the fourth connection point is located before the second connection point along the second moving trajectory, the sprocket closest to the outer edge of the cutter disc body among the plurality of sprockets is the second sprocket, the moving direction of the scraper to scrape the rock slag from the second sprocket position into the slag discharge channel is the third direction, the position where the scraper starts to move along the third direction when the scraper is guided to move along the second guide rail section is the first starting point, and the fourth connection point is located before the first starting point along the second direction; The first slide rail at the first connection point is slidably connected to the second slide rail at the second connection point, and the first slide rail at the third connection point is slidably connected to the second slide rail at the fourth connection point.

[0017] As described above, the slag discharge system of a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application has a cleaning unit including a loose soil cleaning subunit and a solidified tuff cleaning subunit. The loose soil cleaning subunit uses a loose soil scraper to slide and clean the scraping surface of the scraper in the slag discharge unit after the slag discharge unit including a scraper and a conveying subunit has been working for a certain period of time. The solidified tuff cleaning subunit collects the resistance encountered by the loose soil scraper in the above process through a resistance data collector arranged therein and transmits the data to a data processing element. The data processing element determines whether solidified tuff slag remains on the scraper through the resistance data and controls the solidified tuff cleaning plate to clean the scraping surface of the scraper, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the scraper, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that when a shaft boring machine uses a scraper to discharge slag, the sticky muddy slag on the scraper cannot be removed or the muddy slag solidifies into solid slag and cannot be removed to block the channel.

[0018] 2. The present application arranges the scraper slidably on the chain so that the scraper can always keep in contact with the uneven working surface, thereby increasing the slag discharge efficiency of the slag discharge system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Shown is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Shown is a diagram showing a conveying unit of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention is shown in Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A; Figure 4 Shown is a diagram showing a cleaning unit of the present invention; Figure 5 Shown as the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B; Figure 6Shown is a cross-sectional view of a fixed plate of a solidified tuff cleaning subunit of the present invention; Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of the annular guide rail of the present invention; Figure 8 The first guide rail section and the second guide rail section of the annular guide rail of the present invention are shown in a display diagram when they are aligned; Fig. 9 The diagram shows a first guide rail segment of the annular guide rail of the present invention being offset from the guide surface of the second guide rail; Fig.10 Shown is a schematic diagram of an endless conveyor of the present invention; Fig.11 Shown is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure of the present invention; Fig.12 Shown is a workflow diagram of the solidified tuff cleaning subunit of the present invention; In the figure: 11. Cutter body; 12. Slag discharge channel; 13. Slag discharge unit; 14. Screw rod; 21. Soil scraper; 22. First hydraulic cylinder; 31. Solidified tuff cleaning plate; 32. Fixed plate; 33. Unloading plate; 34. Second hydraulic cylinder; 35. Air cylinder; 41. sprocket; 42. chain; 43. scraper; 44. chain bracket; 45. sliding rod; 46. ball bearing; 47. guide pipe; 51. Guide rail body; 52. Guide slide groove; 53. First slide rail; 54. Second slide rail; 55. First guide rail section; 56. Second guide rail section; 57. Third guide rail section; 58. First connection point; 59. Second connection point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 12. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0022] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a slag discharge system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions, characterized in that the slag discharge system comprises: A cutter disc body 11, wherein the cutter disc body 11 is arranged to rotate; A lifting unit, wherein a slag discharge channel 12 is provided at the center of the cutter head body 11, and a lifting unit for lifting the slag on the working surface out of the working surface is provided in the slag discharge channel 12; The working surface is an inclined surface, the center position of the working surface is lower than the outer edge of the working surface, and a part of the non-viscous rock slag on the working surface will naturally slide to the bottom of the slag discharge channel 12 on the working surface due to gravity; The lifting unit is lifted by a screw rod 14, the power device of the screw rod 14 is arranged at a level above the working surface of the cutter head body 11, the screw rod 14 lifts the rock debris generated on the working surface out of the working surface, the bottom end of the screw rod 14 contacts the working surface, and the screw rod 14 can directly lift the rock debris at the lowest point of the working surface out of the working surface by rotating; A slag discharge unit 13, the slag discharge unit 13 includes a scraper 43 for driving the slag generated on the working surface to move and a conveying subunit for providing movement power for the scraper 43; The scraper 43 scrapes the rock slag produced on the working surface. The side wall of the scraper 43 close to the working surface is shallowly inserted into the working surface. When the scraper 43 moves, it can drive the rock slag cut by the cutter disc on the working surface to move. The side wall of the scraper 43 scrapes the rock slag toward the slag discharge channel 12, and the surface of the scraper 43 scraping the rock slag is the scraping surface. The conveying end of the conveying subunit drives the scraper 43 to convey the rock slag on the working surface to the lifting unit in the slag discharge channel 12. The cleaning unit includes a floating soil cleaning subunit and a solidified tuff cleaning subunit. The moving stroke of the scraper 43 includes a reset stroke and a scraping stroke. The reset stroke is that the scraper 43 moves from the slag discharge channel 12 to the outer edge of the cutter disc. The scraping stroke is that the scraper 43 moves from the outer edge of the cutter disc to the slag discharge channel 12. The floating soil cleaning subunit includes a floating soil scraper 21, which is slidably arranged on the cutter disc body 11, and the floating soil scraper 21 scrapes off the floating soil on the scraper 43 when working; The solidified tuff cleaning subunit includes a solidified tuff cleaning plate 31, a resistance data collector and a data processing element. The solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 slides and cleans the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43. The resistance data collector collects the resistance data of the floating soil scraper 21 when sliding. The signal input end of the data processing element is electrically connected to the signal output end of the resistance data collector. The data processing element controls the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 to clean the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43 according to the output signal of the collector. When the slag discharge system is working, the scraper 43 inserts the bottom end face into the working surface and moves under the drive of the conveying subunit. Since the scraper 43 is a hard plate, it can scrape the hard rock slag or the soft muddy rock slag mixed with water into the slag discharge channel 12. If it is hard rock slag or soft muddy rock slag that has not been completely hardened, it will be scraped off when the floating soil scraper 21 scrapes. If there is tuff rock slag hardened on the surface of the scraper 43, the resistance encountered by the floating soil scraper 21 will change greatly. The solidified tuff cleaning subunit composed of the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31, the resistance data collector and the data processing element will collect and judge In response to the change in resistance, under the control of the data processing element, the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 located at the next scraper 43 station will slide and clean the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43, so that the surface of the scraper 43 is clean, reducing the operating pressure of the conveying sub-unit when it encounters muddy slag on the working surface, avoiding the appearance of a large amount of solidified tuff slag on the scraping surface of the scraper 43, and ensuring the normal movement of the scraper on the working surface. The problem of the shaft boring machine being unable to remove the muddy slag sticking on the scraper 43 or the muddy slag solidifying into solid slag and being unable to remove the blockage of the channel when using the scraper 43 to discharge slag is solved.

[0024] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the floating soil cleaning subunit also includes a first hydraulic cylinder 22; The pushing end of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the floating soil scraper 21, the extension direction of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper 43, and the first hydraulic cylinder 22 provides power for the sliding of the floating soil scraper 21; The cutter head body 11 is provided with a fixed bracket, and the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixedly installed in the fixed bracket; The type of rock slag remaining on the scraper 43 that can be scraped by the floating soil scraper 21 is ordinary granular rock slag or tuff rock slag mixed with water into a muddy state; The floating soil scraper 21 is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder 22 to slide toward the working surface in a direction parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper 43. When the floating soil scraper 21 slides, the side wall used for scraping is kept in contact with the side wall where the scraping surface of the scraper 43 is located at any time. The floating soil scraper 21 cannot clean the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43. When the first hydraulic cylinder 22 and the loose soil scraper 21 are working, the conveying subunit stops at the pushing and pulling rate of the first hydraulic cylinder 22. During the movement of the loose soil scraper 21 driven by the first hydraulic cylinder 22, the loose soil scraper 21 scrapes the side wall where the scraping surface of the scraper 43 is located. When the loose soil scraper 21 scrapes to the position where solidified tuff slag remains, it encounters greater resistance and returns, so that the loose soil scraper 21 can distinguish between the solidified tuff slag and the tuff slag that is still in a muddy state.

[0025] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the solidified tuff cleaning subunit further includes a second hydraulic cylinder 34, a cylinder 35 and a fixed plate 32; The pushing end of the second hydraulic cylinder 34 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 32, and the pushing end of the second hydraulic cylinder 34 drives the fixed plate 32 to move. The extension direction of the second hydraulic cylinder 34 is parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper 43, and the second hydraulic cylinder 34 drives the fixed plate 32 to move in a direction parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper 43; The fixed bracket extending from the cutter head body 11 has two mounting points, one for fixing the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 and the other for mounting the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 34. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 34 is fixedly mounted on the fixed bracket. The cylinder 35 is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 32, the pushing end of the cylinder 35 is fixedly connected to the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31, the extension direction of the cylinder 35 is perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper 43, the cylinder 35 drives the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 to move in a direction perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper 43, and the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 is driven by the cylinder 35 to clean the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43; The solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 is slidably mounted on the fixed plate 32, and the sliding direction of the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 is perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper 43. When the fixed plate 32 moves along the extension direction of the second hydraulic cylinder 34, the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 moves synchronously with the fixed plate 32. After collecting the resistance value of the loose soil scraper 21, the resistance data collector transmits the data to the data processing element through the signal output end. The data processing element determines whether there is any solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43 by comparing the change in the resistance value of the loose soil scraper 21. The data processing element controls the second hydraulic cylinder 34 to drive the fixed plate 32 to move in a direction parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper 43. When the fixed plate 32 moves to a position parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper 43 driven by the second hydraulic cylinder 34, the data processing element controls the cylinder 35 to drive the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 to repeatedly squeeze the scraping surface of the scraper 43 to crush the solidified tuff slag again.

[0026] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 The solidified tuff cleaning subunit further includes a force unloading plate 33; The unloading plate 33 is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate 32, the unloading plate 33 is parallel to the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31, and the size of the unloading plate 33 is consistent with the size of the scraper 43; When the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 cleans the scraper 43, the scraper 43 is located between the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 and the force unloading plate 33, and the force unloading plate 33 and the scraper 43 are in contact with each other; When the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 is working, the fixed plate 32 is moved between the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 and the unloading plate 33 under the drive of the second hydraulic cylinder 34. When the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 repeatedly hammers the scraper 43, the unloading plate 33 bears a part of the excess hammering force behind the scraper 43. The unloading plate 33 prevents the scraper 43 from being displaced when being hit by the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31, thereby avoiding the scraper 43 from being broken at the connection position with the conveying subunit due to hammering.

[0027] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 The solidified tuff cleaning subunit also includes a plurality of protrusions, which are fixedly mounted on the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 , and are used to break up the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper 43 .

[0028] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the conveying subunit is a ring conveyor; The annular conveyor comprises a conveyor body, a chain 42 and a sprocket 41. The conveyor body is provided with at least two sprockets 41. The power end of the conveyor body provides rotational power for the sprockets 41. The two ends of the conveyor body are fixedly mounted on the outer edge of the cutter disc body 11 and the slag discharge channel 12. A chain 42 is arranged between the sprockets 41, the sprockets 41 are meshed with the chain 42, and the track of the chain 42 has the same inclination angle as the working surface; The scrapers 43 are arranged on the chain 42 in an array along the outer contour of the chain 42, and the scrapers 43 are driven to move by the chain 42 when the chain 42 moves; The side wall of the slag discharge channel 12 is provided with a slag inlet, and the rock slag scraped by the scraper 43 driven by the chain 42 during movement moves into the lifting unit of the slag discharge channel 12 through the slag inlet; The side wall of the slag discharge channel 12 is the same as the outer edge of the screw rod 14, and the moving speed of the chain 42 is coordinated with the rotation speed of the screw rod 14. The slag is driven to the slag discharge channel 12 by the scraper 43 at a distance that allows it to naturally fall onto the conveying end of the screw rod 14.

[0029] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the transport subunit further includes a guide pipe 47; The guide pipe 47 is fixedly installed at the slag inlet of the slag discharge channel 12, one end of the guide pipe 47 is connected to the internal space of the slag discharge channel 12, the other end of the guide pipe 47 extends out of the outer wall of the slag discharge channel 12, and the bottom end surface of the guide pipe 47 is in contact with the working surface; The sprocket 41 closest to the slag discharge channel 12 among the plurality of sprockets 41 is a first sprocket, and the first sprocket is located in the guide pipe 47; The conveyor body is also located in the guide pipe 47, and the fixed end of the conveyor body and the slag discharge pipe extends out of the guide pipe 47 and is fixed on the slag discharge pipe; The inner wall of the guide pipe 47 is a smooth inner wall. When the scraper 43 drives the slag into the guide pipe 47, the slag can slide down onto the spiral rod 14 of the slag discharge channel 12 under the action of gravity. When the chain 42 drives the scraper 43 to move, the scraper 43 delivers the rock debris on the working surface into the lifting unit through the guide pipe 47; The guide pipe 47 assists the scraper 43 in delivering the slag to the lifting unit, so as to prevent the outer edge of the scraper 43 from extending into the slag discharge channel 12 and colliding with the screw rod 14 when the scraper 43 rotates.

[0030] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the conveying subunit also includes an annular guide rail; The annular guide rail includes a guide rail body 51 and a guide slot 52; The guide rail body 51 is located inside the chain 42, and a guide slot 52 is formed on the outer wall of the guide rail body 51; The lower end surface of the guide rail body 51 is provided with a blocking block, the bottom end surface of the blocking block is in contact with the working surface, and the blocking block divides the moving track of the scraper 43 into a scraping stroke and a reset stroke; The scraper 43 is slidably mounted on the chain 42, the sliding direction of the scraper 43 is perpendicular to the working surface, and the scraper 43 is always inserted into the working surface; A chain bracket 44 is fixedly mounted on the chain 42, a sliding rod 45 is fixedly arranged inside the scraper 43, the sliding rod 45 is perpendicular to the working surface and extends out of the scraper 43, the chain bracket 44 is plugged with the sliding rod 45 and slides along the guide direction of the sliding rod 45, and the maximum distance that the scraper 43 can slide is the sliding length of the sliding rod 45 between the chain brackets 44; The ball 46 is fixedly mounted on the scraper 43. A ball bracket is fixedly mounted on a side wall of the scraper 43 close to the guide rail body 51. The ball 46 is fixedly mounted in the ball bracket. The ball 46 can roll in the ball bracket. The ball bracket will not affect the contact between the ball 46 and the guide groove 52. The ball 46 is rolled in the guide groove 52. A blocking track is provided on the guide groove 52 to prevent the ball 46 from falling out of the guide groove 52. The blocking block can prevent the scraper 43 from falling out from both sides of the scraper 43 when the scraper 43 is scraping, and the ball bearings 46 ensure that the annular guide rail will not affect the sliding of the scraper 43.

[0031] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the annular guide rail is divided into a first guide rail segment 55, a second guide rail segment 56 and a third guide rail segment 57; The third guide rail section 57 is located between the first guide rail section 55 and the second guide rail section 56. The first guide rail section 55 is closer to the slag discharge channel 12 than the second guide rail section 56. The first guide rail section 55 is fixedly mounted on the conveyor body, and the second guide rail section 56 is slidably disposed on the conveyor body. The sliding direction of the second guide rail section 56 is perpendicular to the working surface. The guide surface of the first guide rail section 55 is a first guide surface, the guide surface of the second guide rail section 56 is a second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the moving direction of the chain 42, and the first guide surface is parallel to the working surface; The blocking block is located below the second guide rail segment 56, and the blocking block moves along with the second guide rail segment 56; The third guide rail section 57 includes a first slide rail 53 and a second slide rail 54. Both ends of the guide groove 52 of the second slide rail 54 extend and penetrate the slide rail body of the second slide rail 54. The second slide rail 54 is hinged to the second guide rail section 56. The rotation axis of the second slide rail 54 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the scraper 43. The guide groove 52 of the second slide rail 54 is connected to the guide groove 52 of the second guide rail section 56. The ball 46 rolls from the guide groove 52 of the second guide rail section 56 into the guide groove 52 of the second slide rail 54. The two ends of the guide groove 52 of the first slide rail 53 extend and penetrate the slide rail body of the first slide rail 53, the first slide rail 53 is hinged with the first guide rail section 55, the rotation axis of the first slide rail 53 is parallel to the rotation axis of the second guide rail, the guide groove 52 of the first slide rail 53 is communicated with the guide groove 52 of the first guide rail section 55, the guide groove 52 of the first slide rail 53 is slidably connected with the slide rail body of the second slide rail 54, the sliding direction of the slide rail body of the second slide rail 54 is the same as the guiding direction of the guide groove 52 of the first slide rail 53, and the ball 46 rolls from the guide groove 52 of the first slide rail 53 to the guide groove 52 of the first guide rail section 55; The guide grooves 52 of the first slide rail 53 and the second slide rail 54 are both provided with guiding inclined surfaces to prevent the balls 46 from falling out of the gap between the guide grooves 52 of the first slide rail 53 and the second slide rail 54; The conveying subunit further includes a power assembly, the fixed end of the power assembly is arranged on the conveyor body, the power end of the power drilling is fixedly connected to the slide rail of the second track segment, and the power assembly provides power for the slide rail of the second track segment to slide perpendicular to the working surface; The power assembly is a plurality of third hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder bodies of the third hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted on the conveyor body, the piston rods of the third hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the second guide rail section 56, and the third hydraulic cylinders can drive the second guide rail section 56 to move up and down to change the degree of contact between the scraper 43 and the working surface by changing the height of the second guide rail section 56.

[0032] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 12 The third guide rail segment 57 includes two first slide rails 53 and two second slide rails 54, and the first guide rail segment 55 and the second guide rail segment 56 each include two connection points; The moving track of the scraper 43 when moving along the first guide rail section 55 is the first moving track, and the moving track of the scraper 43 when moving along the second guide rail section 56 is the second moving track; The two hinged positions of the first guide rail section 55 and the two first slide rails 53 are respectively a first connection point 58 and a third connection point 59, the first connection point 58 and the third connection point 59 are both located outside the guide pipe 47, and the third connection point 59 is located behind the first connection point 58 along the first moving trajectory; The two hinged positions of the second guide rail section 56 and the two second slide rails 54 are respectively a second connection point 59 and a fourth connection point, the fourth connection point is located before the second connection point 59 along the second moving trajectory, the sprocket 41 closest to the outer edge of the cutter disc body 11 among the plurality of sprockets 41 is the second sprocket, the moving direction of the scraper 43 scraping the slag from the second sprocket position into the slag discharge channel 12 is the third direction, and when the scraper 43 is guided to move along the second guide rail section 56, the position where the scraper 43 starts to move along the third direction is the first starting point, and the fourth connection point is located before the first starting point along the second direction; The first slide rail 53 at the first connection point 58 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 54 at the second connection point 59, and the first slide rail 53 at the third connection point 59 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 54 at the fourth connection point; The rotation axes of the two slide rails are parallel, and the sliding directions of the two second slide rails 54 are the same as the guiding directions of the first slide rails 53 to which they are slidably connected.

[0033] In summary, in the present invention, when it is necessary to use a slag discharge system of a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions, the rotation of the cutter head body 11 drives the slag discharge unit 13 including the annular conveyor and the scraper 43 to rotate, and the scraper 43 is driven by the chain 42 and the sprocket 41 of the conveyor to transport the slag generated on the working surface to the spiral rod 14 in the slag discharge channel 12, and the lower end surface of the scraper 43 is always in contact with the working surface under the control of the annular guide rail, and the cleaning unit starts to work when the scraper 43 is pulled out of the working surface, and the floating soil scraper 21 slides one by one to clean the scraping surface of the scraper 43 in coordination with the conveyor speed and transmits the resistance data to the data processing through the resistance data collector of the solidified tuff cleaning subunit. In the data processing element, the data processing element determines the residual rock slag on the scraping surface of the scraper 43 and controls the first hydraulic cylinder 22 and the cylinder 35 to work. The first hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the fixed plate 32 fixed with the solidified tuff cleaning plate 31 and the unloading plate 33 to slide to the working position. The solidified tuff cleaning plate 31, driven by the cylinder 35, repeatedly hammers the scraping surface of the scraper 43 to clean the scraping surface of the scraper 43, so that the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraping surface of the scraper 43 falls off, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that when the shaft boring machine uses the scraper 43 to discharge slag, it is impossible to remove the sticky muddy rock slag on the scraper 43 or the muddy rock slag solidifies into solid rock slag and cannot remove the blockage of the channel.

[0034] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by a person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions, characterized in that: The slag discharge system comprises: A cutter disc body, wherein the cutter disc body is arranged to rotate on its own; A lifting unit, wherein a slag discharge channel is provided at the center of the cutter head body, and a lifting unit for lifting the slag on the working surface out of the working surface is provided in the slag discharge channel; A slag discharge unit, the slag discharge unit comprising a scraper for driving the slag generated on the working surface to move and a conveying subunit providing moving power for the scraper, the scraper scrapes the slag generated on the working surface, the side wall of the scraper scrapes the slag to move toward the slag discharge channel and the surface of the scraper scraping the slag is the scraping surface, and the conveying end of the conveying subunit drives the scraper to convey the slag on the working surface to the lifting unit in the slag discharge channel; A cleaning unit, the cleaning unit comprising a floating soil cleaning subunit and a solidified tuff cleaning subunit, the moving stroke of the scraper comprising a reset stroke and a scraping stroke; The floating soil cleaning subunit comprises a floating soil scraper, which is slidably arranged on the cutter disc body and scrapes off the floating soil on the scraper when the floating soil scraper is in operation; The solidified tuff cleaning subunit includes a solidified tuff cleaning plate, a resistance data collector and a data processing element. The solidified tuff cleaning plate slides and cleans the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper. The resistance data collector collects the resistance data encountered by the floating soil scraper when sliding. The signal input end of the data processing element is electrically connected to the signal output end of the resistance data collector. The data processing element controls the solidified tuff cleaning plate to clean the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper according to the output signal of the resistance data collector.

2. The slag discharge system of a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating soil cleaning subunit also includes a first hydraulic cylinder; The pushing end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the floating soil scraper, the extension direction of the first hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper, and the first hydraulic cylinder provides power for the sliding of the floating soil scraper.

3. The slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solidified tuff cleaning subunit also includes a second hydraulic cylinder, a gas cylinder and a fixed plate; The pushing end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, the pushing end of the second hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed plate to move, the extension direction of the second hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper, and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed plate to move in a direction parallel to the scraping surface of the scraper; The cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the pushing end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the solidified tuff cleaning plate, the extension and retraction direction of the cylinder is perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper, the cylinder drives the solidified tuff cleaning plate to move in a direction perpendicular to the scraping surface of the scraper, and the solidified tuff cleaning plate cleans the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper under the drive of the cylinder.

4. The slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solidified tuff cleaning subunit also includes a force unloading plate; The force unloading plate is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate; When the solidified tuff cleaning plate cleans the scraper, the scraper is located between the solidified tuff cleaning plate and the force unloading plate, and the force unloading plate and the scraper are in contact with each other.

5. The slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solidified tuff cleaning subunit also includes a plurality of protrusions, which are fixedly mounted on the solidified tuff cleaning plate, and are used to break up the solidified tuff slag remaining on the scraper.

6. The slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying subunit is a ring conveyor; The annular conveyor comprises a conveyor body, a chain and a sprocket, the conveyor body is provided with at least two sprockets, and the power end of the conveyor body provides rotational power for the sprockets; A chain is arranged between the sprockets, and the sprockets are meshed with the chain; The scrapers are arranged on the chain in an array along the outer contour of the chain, and the scrapers are driven to move by the chain when the chain moves; A slag inlet is provided through the side wall of the slag discharge channel. During the movement of the chain, the rock slag scraped by the scraper moves through the slag inlet into the lifting unit of the slag discharge channel.

7. A slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conveying subunit also includes a guide pipe; The guide pipe is fixedly installed at the slag inlet of the slag discharge channel, one end of the guide pipe is communicated with the internal space of the slag discharge channel, the other end of the guide pipe extends out of the outer wall of the slag discharge channel, and the bottom end surface of the guide pipe is in contact with the working surface; The sprocket closest to the slag discharge channel among the plurality of sprockets is a first sprocket, and the first sprocket is located in the guide pipe; When the chain drives the scraper to move, the scraper delivers the rock debris on the working surface into the lifting unit through the guide pipe.

8. The slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying subunit also includes an annular guide rail; The annular guide rail comprises a guide rail body and a guide slide groove; The guide rail body is located inside the chain, and a guide groove is formed on the outer wall of the guide rail body; The scraper is slidably mounted on the chain, and the sliding direction of the scraper is perpendicular to the working surface; The balls are fixedly mounted on the scraper, and the balls are rollingly mounted in the guide grooves.

9. A slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The annular guide rail is divided into a first guide rail segment, a second guide rail segment and a third guide rail segment; The third guide rail section is located between the first guide rail section and the second guide rail section, the first guide rail section is closer to the slag discharge channel than the second guide rail section, the first guide rail section is fixedly mounted on the conveyor body, the second guide rail section is slidably arranged on the conveyor body, and the sliding direction of the second guide rail section is perpendicular to the working surface; The guide surface of the first guide rail section is a first guide surface, the guide surface of the second guide rail section is a second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the moving direction of the chain, and the first guide surface is parallel to the working surface; The third guide rail section includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the guide groove of the second slide rail extends at both ends and passes through the slide rail body of the second slide rail, the second slide rail is hinged to the second guide rail section, the rotation axis of the second slide rail is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the scraper, the guide groove of the second slide rail is connected to the guide groove of the second guide rail section, and the ball rolls from the guide groove of the second guide rail section into the guide groove of the second slide rail; The guide groove of the first slide rail extends at both ends and passes through the slide rail body of the first slide rail, the first slide rail is hinged to the first guide rail section, the rotation axis of the first slide rail is parallel to the rotation axis of the second guide rail, the guide groove of the first slide rail is connected to the guide groove of the first guide rail section, the guide groove of the first slide rail is slidably connected to the slide rail body of the second slide rail, the sliding direction of the slide rail body of the second slide rail is the same as the guiding direction of the guide groove of the first slide rail, and the ball rolls from the guide groove of the first slide rail to the guide groove of the first guide rail section.

10. A slag removal system for a shaft boring machine under tuff geological conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third guide rail segment includes two first slide rails and two second slide rails, and the first guide rail segment and the second guide rail segment each include two connection points; The movement trajectory of the scraper when moving along the first guide rail section is the first movement trajectory, and the movement trajectory of the scraper when moving along the second guide rail section is the second movement trajectory; The two hinged positions of the first guide rail section and the two first slide rails are respectively a first connection point and a third connection point, the first connection point and the third connection point are both located outside the guide pipe, and the third connection point is located behind the first connection point along the first moving trajectory; The two hinged positions of the second guide rail section and the two second slide rails are respectively a second connection point and a fourth connection point, the fourth connection point is located before the second connection point along the second moving trajectory, the sprocket closest to the outer edge of the cutter disc body among the plurality of sprockets is the second sprocket, the moving direction of the scraper to scrape the rock slag from the second sprocket position into the slag discharge channel is the third direction, the position where the scraper starts to move along the third direction when the scraper is guided to move along the second guide rail section is the first starting point, and the fourth connection point is located before the first starting point along the second direction; The first slide rail at the first connection point is slidably connected to the second slide rail at the second connection point, and the first slide rail at the third connection point is slidably connected to the second slide rail at the fourth connection point.

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