Flue gas ash removal system for fuel boiler

Abstract

The invention provides a flue gas ash removal system for a fuel boiler, and mainly relates to the field of separation type environment-friendly dust removal. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system comprises a dust hood, an electrostatic dust removal module and a cloth bag dust removal module which are connected in series through pipelines, a negative pressure fan is arranged on the downstream of the cloth bag dust removal module, a power chamber, a dust removal chamber and an ash hopper chamber are arranged in the electrostatic dust removal chamber from top to bottom, and a plurality of electrostatic dust removal plates are arranged in the dust removal chamber in an array mode in the airflow vertical direction. The electrostatic dust collection plate is connected with a high-voltage positive electrode, a cooling water cavity is formed in the electrostatic dust collection plate, the bag dust collection module comprises a shell, an air outlet cavity, a filtering cavity and a dust collection cavity are formed in the shell from top to bottom, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the mounting plate in an array mode, dust collection bags are mounted in the mounting holes, and a pulse blowing pipe is arranged in the air outlet cavity. The device has the beneficial effects that the dust removal efficiency and safety are improved, and the device is more suitable for dust removal operation of a fuel boiler system mixed with yellow-stem fuel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the field of separate environmental protection dust removal, and specifically to a fuel boiler flue gas dust removal system. Background Art

[0002] Fuel boilers burn biomass fuels to generate electricity or heat. Unlike coal gasification boilers and natural gas boilers, the biomass fuels burned by fuel boilers have a lower calorific value and produce more dust after combustion. The combustion residue of gray stalk biomass fuel is still relatively small, but in response to the requirements of national policies, gray stalk fuel is mixed with a large amount of yellow stalk (crop straw) fuel for combustion. These yellow stalk fuels have a lower calorific value, and the light dust produced after combustion further increases, which is undoubtedly a major challenge for the subsequent flue gas treatment system of the boiler system.

[0003] At present, the main problems encountered in the flue gas ash removal process of fuel boilers are the large amount of ash and the large proportion of light dust. The use of traditional single bag dust removal systems has a large load, a large loss of bags, and increased costs. In addition, the large amount of ash requires frequent ash cleaning, which requires the system to shut down each bin frequently, affecting the cleaning efficiency. At the same time, due to the increase in light dust, it is very easy for dust that has not been completely burned and has a high residual heat to enter the dust collector and damage the bags, and in severe cases, it may even cause fire safety accidents.

[0004] To deal with the problem of increased ash volume after mixing with yellow rod materials, other pre-processing equipment can be added upstream of the bag filter, or the installed capacity of the bag filter can be increased; to deal with the problem of damage to the bag filter caused by high-temperature dust, the length of the air inlet pipe can be extended or additional cooling equipment can be added in the pre-process. Considering these two requirements, adding ash removal and cooling equipment in the pre-process of the bag filter is undoubtedly the best choice. Among them, the spray tower and the spin-type dust collector use water as the ash removal base material for cooling and ash removal, which is undoubtedly the first solution that comes to mind. However, both methods use water, which causes the subsequent dust to have a large amount of moisture, which will cause adhesion to the bag and make it difficult to remove. At the same time, the subsequent dust has a high humidity and cannot be directly transported to downstream manufacturers. At the same time, the dust absorbed by water needs to be treated secondary, which increases costs and environmental burdens. As for the cyclone dust collector, it seems to be incapable of removing ash from high-power boilers such as power generation. Although the electrostatic precipitator is a good choice, the effect of vibration removal is not ideal when the ash volume is large, and the treatment effect of sparks and high-temperature flue gas in the dust is limited. Long-term operation may also cause the temperature of the electrode plate to rise, affecting the ash removal effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system. The system is improved on the basis of the existing dust removal equipment, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of ash removal, making it more suitable for the ash cleaning operation of a fuel boiler system mixed with yellow stalk fuel.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system, comprising a dust hood, an electrostatic dust removal module and a bag dust removal module connected in series through a pipeline, a negative pressure fan is arranged downstream of the bag dust removal module, the electrostatic dust removal module comprises an electrostatic dust removal box chamber, the electrostatic dust removal box chamber upstream has an air inlet A connected to the dust hood through a pipeline, the electrostatic dust removal box chamber downstream has an air outlet A connected to the bag dust removal module pipeline, an inlet and an outlet are arranged at both ends of one side of the electrostatic dust removal box chamber, the electrostatic dust removal chamber comprises a power chamber, a dust removal chamber and an ash hopper chamber from top to bottom, the power chamber and the dust removal chamber are connected A partition plate is arranged between the dust chambers, a plug valve is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper chamber, a plurality of electrostatic dust removal plates are arranged in an array along the vertical direction of the airflow in the dust removal chamber, the electrostatic dust removal plate is connected to the high-voltage positive electrode, a cooling water cavity is provided in the electrostatic dust removal plate, both ends of the electrostatic dust removal plate are respectively connected to water supply pipelines, the water supply pipelines pass through the pipe inlet and the pipe outlet, the water supply pipelines are connected to the cooling system, cleaning nets are fitted on both sides of each electrostatic dust removal plate, a plurality of pairs of lifting rails are arranged in the power chamber, a lifting frame is slidably arranged on the lifting rails, and a plurality of groups of lifting frames are arranged at the bottom of the lifting frame. A connecting arm corresponding to the cleaning net, the cleaning net is vertically fixed on the connecting arm, and a power mechanism for driving the lifting frame to slide back and forth is arranged in the power chamber; the bag dust removal module includes a shell, an air inlet B and an air outlet B are arranged on the shell, and the shell is respectively composed of an air outlet chamber, a filter chamber and an ash collection chamber from top to bottom, the air outlet B is connected to the air outlet chamber, the air inlet B is connected to the filter chamber, a mounting plate is arranged between the air outlet chamber and the filter chamber, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged in an array on the mounting plate, and the mounting holes are used to install dust removal bags A pulse blowpipe is arranged in the air outlet chamber, and the pulse blowpipe is connected to the pulse blow heads corresponding to the dust removal bags one by one through a multi-way joint, a telescopic hose is arranged on the pulse blow head, a blowing nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic hose, a sleeve is arranged on the top of the outer side of the pulse blow head, a sliding cylinder is slidably arranged in the sleeve, the sleeve and the sliding cylinder cover the telescopic hose inside, a return spring is arranged between the sleeve and the sliding cylinder, the bottom of the sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to the blowing nozzle, a cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the sliding cylinder, and a plurality of solenoid valves are arranged on the pulse blowpipe, and each solenoid valve controls the air flow interruption of at least one pulse blowing head.

[0008] The two side surfaces of the electrostatic dust removal plate are smooth planes, and the cleaning net is arranged to fit on the side surfaces of the electrostatic dust removal plate.

[0009] The partition plate is provided with a lifting channel matched with the connecting arm, the connecting arm and the lifting channel are slidably sealed, each pair of the cleaning nets corresponds to a pair of connecting arms, and the two connecting arms are respectively connected to the two ends of the two cleaning nets.

[0010] The connecting arm and / or lifting frame are made of insulating material, and the power mechanism adopts a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] The telescopic hose is one of a spiral hose, an elastic rubber hose or an accordion hose.

[0012] A one-way valve is arranged between the blowing nozzle and the telescopic hose, and the one-way valve comprises a valve body, a pressure spring and a valve plate. The valve body is a through structure, the top of the valve body is connected to the telescopic hose, the outer side of the top of the valve body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide cylinder, the middle part of the valve body is connected to the blowing nozzle, the pressure spring is fixed to the bottom of the valve body, the valve plate is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the valve body, the pressure spring is used to push the valve plate to contact the top of the valve body to close the top of the valve body, and the top of the valve body is provided with a pressure relief hole.

[0013] The cover plate is a flat plate structure, the area of ​​the cover plate is larger than the area of ​​the installation hole, and when the telescopic hose is ventilated and stretched, the cover plate blocks the installation hole.

[0014] The cover plate is a conical structure, and the diameter of the installation hole is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the cover plate and smaller than the diameter of the top of the cover plate. When the telescopic hose is ventilated and stretched, the bottom of the cover plate enters into the installation hole and blocks it through the outer edge.

[0015] An air bag is arranged between the valve body and the slide cylinder, and the cover plate is located above the air bag.

[0016] The filter chamber is divided into a plurality of partition chambers.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention adds an electrostatic dust removal module in front of the bag dust removal module, and the electrostatic dust removal module is also compatible with the cooling module. After the system is added to the fuel boiler, the flue gas of the fuel boiler can be effectively pre-filtered and cooled, thereby reducing the amount of dust in the flue gas, so that the subsequent bag dust collector can filter the dust more effectively. At the same time, since the pre-electrostatic dust removal module is passed through the circulating cooling water, the flue gas temperature can be effectively reduced, the sparks in the flue gas can be effectively eliminated, and the damage to the dust removal bag can be avoided.

[0019] The present invention also improves the pulse cleaning system of the bag dust removal device, and the dust bag can be cleaned in a closed manner through the descending blowing nozzle. The descending blowing nozzle can reduce the stroke of the pulse airflow and reduce the loss of the pulse airflow, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the dust bag. The closed cleaning structure can instantly increase the pressure in the dust bag, thereby driving the dust bag to agitate, making the vibration effect of the dust bag more obvious, and improving the dust removal effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cleaning structure of the cleaning net of the present invention;

[0022] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the left-side perspective of the coordination structure of the cleaning net and the electrostatic dust removal plate of the present invention;

[0023] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the dust bag array arrangement structure of the present invention;

[0024] Attached Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse dust removal state in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Attached Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse dust removal state in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Attached Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse dust removal state in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0027] Attached Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the pulse dust removal of the present invention;

[0028] Attached Fig. 9 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the pulse dust removal of the present invention;

[0029] Attached Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the pulse dust removal of the present invention;

[0030] Attached Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the valve body of the present invention;

[0031] Attached Fig.12 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of the present invention;

[0032] Attached Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of part B of the present invention.

[0033] Numbers shown in the attached drawings: 1, housing; 2, electrostatic dust removal chamber; 3, negative pressure fan; 4, dust hood; 5, electrostatic dust removal plate; 6, lifting frame; 7, pulse blowpipe; 8, one-way valve; 11, air inlet B; 12, air outlet B; 13, air outlet chamber; 14, filter chamber; 15, dust collection chamber; 16, mounting plate; 17, mounting hole; 18, dust bag; 21, air inlet A; 22, air outlet A; 23, pipe inlet; 24, Outlet; 25. Power room; 26. Dust removal room; 27. Ash hopper room; 28. Partition board; 51. Water supply pipeline; 52. Cleaning net; 61. Lifting slide rail; 62. Connecting arm; 63. Power mechanism; 71. Pulse blowing head; 72. Telescopic hose; 73. Blowing nozzle; 74. Sleeve; 75. Slide; 76. Return spring; 77. Cover plate; 78. Air bag; 81. Valve body; 82. Valve plate; 83. Pressure spring; 84. Pressure relief hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the application.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] As shown in the figure, a fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system described in the present invention includes a dust hood 4, an electrostatic dust removal module and a bag dust removal module connected in series through a pipeline, and a negative pressure fan 3 is arranged downstream of the bag dust removal module. The entire dust removal system first realizes preliminary dust removal and cooling of flue gas dust through the improved electrostatic dust removal module, and then the low-temperature or normal-temperature flue gas carries the dust into the bag dust collector, and the secondary dust removal operation is completed through the bag dust collector. The present invention covers and absorbs the flue gas derived from the chimney of the fuel boiler through the dust hood 4, and the negative pressure fan 3 serves as the power source for flue gas absorption. With the power of negative pressure extraction, the flue gas passes through the pipeline in sequence through the electrostatic dust removal module and the bag dust removal module, and finally derives clean air, and the dust in the flue gas is finally collected by the ash hopper and then discharged, and sold as a raw material for fertilizer.

[0037] The electrostatic dust removal module is an upstream processing module of the bag dust removal module, and is mainly used for preliminary filtration and cooling of the flue gas. The outside of the electrostatic dust removal module uses a closed electrostatic dust removal chamber 2 as protection. The upstream of the electrostatic dust removal chamber 2 has an air inlet A21 connected to the dust hood 4 through a pipeline, and the downstream of the electrostatic dust removal chamber 2 has an air outlet A22 connected to the bag dust removal module pipeline. The flue gas is introduced from the air inlet A21 and is discharged from the air outlet A22 after being filtered.

[0038] The electrostatic dust removal box chamber 2 includes a power chamber 25, a dust removal chamber 26 and an ash hopper chamber 27 from top to bottom. A partition plate 28 is provided between the power chamber 25 and the dust removal chamber 26. The partition plate 28 isolates the power chamber 25 from the dust removal chamber 26. The dust removal chamber 26 is a space for flue gas filtration. The partition of the partition plate 28 can prevent dust from entering the power chamber 25. The ash hopper chamber 27 is connected to the dust removal chamber 26. After the dust is filtered, the dust is collected in the dust removal chamber 26. The air inlet A21 and the air outlet A22 are both provided on both sides of the dust removal chamber 26. In order to facilitate better dust collection, the dust removal chamber 26 has a conical structure, which can better collect and guide the dust. A gate valve is provided at the bottom of the ash hopper chamber 27. Through regular cleaning, the dust in the ash hopper chamber 27 is collected and stored in the ash collection bin. Several electrostatic dust removal plates 5 are arranged in an array in the dust removal chamber 26, and the electrostatic dust removal plates 5 are connected to a high-voltage positive electrode. The electrostatic dust removal plates 5 are arranged along the flow direction of the airflow, and the airflow passes through the gaps between the electrostatic dust removal plates 5. When the airflow passes through, the ionized air is negatively charged, and the electrostatic dust removal plates 5 are positively charged. At this time, some dust will be adsorbed on the electrostatic dust removal plates 5. Due to the large amount of dust, some dust cannot be completely ionized and thus enters the next dust removal process through the air outlet A22. The electrostatic dust removal plates 5 absorb and resolve part of the light dust through preliminary electrostatic dust removal, and settle part of the heavy dust, which relieves the pressure for subsequent dust treatment.

[0039] Specifically, the present invention aims to upgrade the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 in order to solve the problem that the temperature of the pre-processing equipment in the existing dust removal system rises due to the heat of the flue gas, which ultimately leads to a reduction in the dust removal effect. In this embodiment, the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 has a cooling water chamber, and the two ends of the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 are respectively connected to the water supply pipeline 51, so that circulating water is passed into the electrostatic dust removal plate 5. The two ends of one side of the electrostatic dust removal box chamber 2 are respectively provided with an inlet 23 and an outlet 24, and the height of the inlet 23 is less than the height of the outlet 24. The inlet 23 and the outlet 24 serve as the through-ports for circulating cooling water, so that the water supply pipeline 51 can pass through the inlet 23 and the outlet 24. The water supply pipeline 51 is connected to the cooling system, and the circulating cooling water can cool down the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 to prevent the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 from being overheated due to long-term contact with the overheated flue gas, which leads to overheating fatigue of the equipment and reduced dust adsorption ability. At the same time, the cooling function of circulating water can cool the overheated flue gas, so that the dust with sparks can be quickly extinguished during the cooling process, thereby preventing sparks from entering the bag dust removal module and causing damage to the dust removal bags.

[0040] Generally speaking, the electrostatic dust removal module of the positive electrode in the electrostatic dust removal module realizes dust removal through an intermittent vibration structure. However, in the present invention, circulating water is introduced into the electrostatic dust removal plate 5, which contains a circulating water chamber. If the vibration structure is continued to be used for cleaning, the vibration of the circulating water can easily cause the pipeline or the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 to rupture. Therefore, the present invention also makes an improved design on the cleaning structure, so that the cleaning mechanism can adapt to the electrostatic dust removal plate with circulating water. Its specific structure is as follows: A cleaning net 52 is fitted on both sides of each electrostatic dust removal plate 5. By sliding the cleaning net 52 relative to the electrostatic dust removal plate 5, the dust attached to the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 can be cleaned and dropped into the dust removal chamber 26 for collection. Specifically, the two side surfaces of the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 are smooth planes, and the cleaning net 52 is fitted on the side of the electrostatic dust removal plate 5. A plurality of pairs of lifting rails 61 are vertically installed in the power chamber 25, and a lifting frame 6 is slidably arranged on the lifting rails 61. A plurality of groups of connecting arms 62 corresponding to the cleaning net 52 are arranged at the bottom of the lifting frame 6, and the cleaning net 52 is installed on the connecting arms 62, so that the cleaning net 52 is driven to move in conjunction with the lifting action of the lifting frame 6.

[0041] The cleaning net 52 is vertically fixed on the connecting arm 62, and the partition plate 28 is provided with a lifting channel matched with the connecting arm 62, and the lifting channel is provided with a rubber sealing ring, so that the connecting arm 62 and the lifting channel are slidably sealed, thereby preventing the dust in the dust removal chamber 26 from entering the power chamber 25. Specifically, each pair of cleaning nets 52 corresponds to a pair of connecting arms 62, and the two connecting arms 62 are respectively connected to the two ends of the two cleaning nets 52 through extended connecting rods. The connecting arm 62 and / or the lifting frame 6 are made of insulating material, so as to avoid the influence of voltage on the power chamber 25. A power mechanism 63 for driving the lifting frame 6 to slide back and forth is installed in the power chamber 25, and the power mechanism 63 adopts a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. In order to save materials and make the power chamber 25 not too large, the bottom of the cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder can be installed through the top surface of the electrostatic dust removal box chamber 2. Through the extension action of the cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder, the lifting frame 6 can be driven to perform a vertical lifting action, thereby driving the cleaning net 52 to lift and lower in conjunction, and the dust on the electrostatic dust removal plate 5 is scraped off.

[0042] The electrostatic dust removal module is connected to the bag dust removal module through a pipeline. In this embodiment, the connecting pipeline is a rectangular inclined pipeline. The pipeline connecting the bag dust removal module is higher, so that the dust accumulated in the pipeline can be guided to fall into the ash hopper chamber 27 of the electrostatic dust removal box chamber 2, thereby avoiding dust accumulation and clogging the pipeline. More specifically, a cleaning port can be opened on the pipeline, and the cleaning port is sealed and covered by a flange. After the pipeline is blocked, the cleaning port can be used to clean the dust, ensuring the stable operation of the equipment.

[0043] The bag dust removal module includes a shell 1, which serves as the installation space of the bag dust removal system and provides protection for the bag dust removal system. The shell 1 is provided with an air inlet B11 and an air outlet B12. The air inlet B11 is connected to the air outlet A22 of the electrostatic dust removal chamber 2 through a pipeline, and the air outlet B12 is connected to the negative pressure fan 3 through a pipeline. The negative pressure fan completes the air extraction to provide power for the flow of air. From top to bottom in the shell 1 are the air outlet chamber 13, the filter chamber 14 and the dust collection chamber 15. The air outlet B12 is connected to the air outlet chamber 13, and the air inlet B11 is connected to the filter chamber 14. A mounting plate 16 is arranged between the air outlet chamber 13 and the filter chamber 14. A plurality of mounting holes 17 are arranged in an array on the mounting plate 16. The mounting holes 17 are used to install dust bags 18. The dust bags 18 are the main components for filtering dust in the flue gas. They are used to intercept and filter the dust in the flue gas so that the clean airflow is collected in the air outlet chamber 13 through the mounting holes 17 and finally discharged through the air outlet B12.

[0044] In this embodiment, the filter chamber 14 can be divided into a number of partition chambers, and the air inlet B11 corresponds to the filter chamber 14 through a plurality of branch outlets. Each branch outlet can be installed with a gate valve. When a single partition chamber is cleaned, the gate valve can be used to close the independent chamber. After the overall cleaning operation is completed, the branch outlet of the filter chamber 14 can be connected.

[0045] A pulse blowpipe 7 is provided in the air outlet chamber 13, and the pulse blowpipe 7 is connected to a high-pressure air source. The pulse blowpipe 7 is connected to pulse blow heads 71 ​​corresponding to the dust bags 18 one by one through a multi-way joint, and each pulse blow head 71 corresponds to a dust bag 18, so as to clean the dust bags 18. A plurality of solenoid valves are provided on the pulse blowpipe 7, and each solenoid valve controls the air flow interruption of at least one pulse blow head 71. In this embodiment, the traditional design method is still adopted, and a single pulse blow head 71 is controlled by a single solenoid valve, so that a single dust bag 18 can be cleaned in sequence. Specifically, a telescopic hose 72 is provided on the pulse blowing head 71, a blowing nozzle 73 is provided at the bottom of the telescopic hose 72, a sleeve 74 is provided at the top of the outer side of the pulse blowing head 71, a slide 75 is slidably provided inside the sleeve 74, the sleeve 74 and the slide 75 cover the telescopic hose 72 inside, a return spring 76 is provided between the sleeve 74 and the slide 75, the bottom of the slide 75 is fixedly connected to the blowing nozzle 73, and a cover plate 77 is provided at the bottom of the slide 75. When the dust bag 18 is cleaned, it is only necessary to open its corresponding solenoid valve, blow out high-pressure air through the pulse blowing head 71, and the high-pressure air quickly passes through the telescopic hose 72, so that the telescopic hose 72 expands, thereby driving the blowing nozzle 73 to descend, and at the same time, the high-pressure air is quickly discharged through the blowing nozzle 73, and the high-pressure airflow quickly agitates in the dust bag 18, shaking the dust attached to the outside of the dust bag 18 so that it falls into the dust collecting chamber 15 below. The slide 75 is driven by the telescopic hose 72 to slide down, so that the slide 75 and the sleeve 74 cooperate to guide, so that the blowing nozzle 73 can be stably lowered to complete the dust removal bag 18 cleaning operation. Through the descent of the blowing nozzle 73, the high-pressure airflow can enter the dust removal bag 18 more, reducing the escape of the airflow to the surroundings after blowing out from the top, thereby improving the dust removal effect of the dust removal bag 18. In order to further improve the dust removal effect, the present invention also adds a cover plate 77. The cover plate 77 can be lowered with the slide 75 until the cover plate 77 covers the top of the installation hole 17 to block the dust removal bag 18. In this embodiment, the cover plate 77 adopts a flat plate structure, and the cover plate 77 is a disc with a diameter larger than the installation hole 17. When the telescopic hose 72 is ventilated and stretched, the cover plate 77 blocks the installation hole 17, so that the dust removal bag 18 forms a relatively sealed space with an upper closed part, so that the high-pressure airflow can only be back-blown through the mesh of the dust removal bag 18. This structure increases the overall pressure of the dust bag 18 after the dust bag 18 is full of dust, and the dust bag 18 expands instantly after the high-pressure airflow is introduced into the dust bag 18. Compared with the existing pulse dust removal means, the present invention not only increases the pressure expansion effect under the premise of instantaneous airflow expansion and sweeping, but also makes the overall dust removal effect of the dust bag 18 better. At the same time, the instantaneous pressure increase means that the pressure at any point inside the dust bag 18 is increased. In the single pulse dust removal method, the pressure decreases after the airflow reaches the bottom of the dust bag 18, and the bottom dust can only be cleaned by the shaking of the bag, and the cleaning effect is not good.However, the pressure change in the present invention is transmitted instantaneously to every corner of the dust bag 18, which can make the cleaning effect around the dust bag more consistent, while not affecting the impact of the pulse airflow. After the two effects are superimposed, the cleaning efficiency and cleaning effect of the dust bag 18 are effectively improved.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the telescopic hose 72 can be a spiral hose or an elastic rubber tube. When high-pressure gas is introduced, the spiral hose is stretched straight. Under the guidance of the sleeve 74 and the slide 75, the telescopic hose 72 quickly extends in the length direction, thereby driving the slide 75 to slide downward.

[0047] In another embodiment, the telescopic hose 72 may be an accordion-shaped hose. After the high-pressure air is introduced, the accordion-shaped hose quickly extends to open the folds, and can also drive the slide tube 75 to slide downward.

[0048] In this embodiment, a return spring 76 is arranged between the sleeve 74 and the slide 75. When the high-pressure airflow fills the telescopic hose 72 and causes the mouthpiece 73 to descend, the slide 75 pulls the return spring 76 to stretch. After the high-pressure airflow is ejected, the mouthpiece 73 is pulled back to its original position under the elastic force of the return spring 76.

[0049] More specifically, in order to further improve the dust removal effect of the dust bag 18, this embodiment adds a one-way valve 8 between the blowing nozzle 73 and the telescopic hose 72. The one-way valve 8 opens after the pressure reaches a certain level. This allows the telescopic hose 72 to be quickly filled and stretched after the high-pressure air is introduced, and the blowing nozzle 73 can move downward more quickly until the cover plate 77 covers the dust bag 18 and the pressure of the one-way valve 8 is reached to release the high-pressure airflow. In this state, the high-pressure airflow can be completely sprayed into the dust bag 18, making the spraying and cleaning force stronger. At the same time, the solution of first closing and then introducing the airflow can better increase the pressure in the dust bag 18, thereby further improving the dust removal effect. Specifically, the one-way valve 8 includes a valve body 81, a pressure spring 83 and a valve plate 82. The valve body 81 is a through structure. The top channel of the valve body 81 is connected to the bottom of the telescopic hose 72. The outer side of the top of the valve body 81 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the slide 75. The middle of the valve body 81 is threadedly connected to the nozzle 73, thereby realizing the stable installation of the valve body 81. An upper abutment platform is set at the top of the valve body 81, and a lower mounting platform is set at the bottom of the valve body 81. The pressure spring 83 is fixed on the lower mounting platform at the bottom of the valve body 81, and the valve plate 82 is in sliding contact with the inner cavity of the valve body 81. The pressure spring 83 is used to push the valve plate 82 to abut against the upper abutment platform at the top of the valve body 81, thereby closing the top of the valve body 81. When the pressure of the high-pressure air exceeds the pressure of the pressure spring 83, the high-pressure air pushes the valve plate 82 and flows out from the bottom of the valve body 81, and is sprayed into the dust bag 18 through the nozzle 73 to complete the oscillation and pressurized dust removal.

[0050] Specifically, the top of the valve body 81 has a pressure relief hole 84, which is always connected to the outside world. However, the diameter of the pressure relief hole 84 itself is small, and it is not enough to release sufficient air pressure when high-pressure gas is introduced, so it will not affect the extension of the telescopic hose 72 and the high-pressure blowing and dust removal. After the dust removal is completed, the pressure spring 83 drives the valve plate 82 to close the airway. At this time, there is still a high pressure in the system, so that the telescopic hose 72 cannot be completely retracted. Therefore, the pressure relief hole 84 plays a role at this time. Under the recovery action of the reset spring 76, the pressure relief hole 84 slowly releases high-pressure air, so that the mouthpiece 73 can be slowly reset.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] Based on the structure in Example 1, the pulse blowpipe 7 described in this embodiment includes a main blowpipe arranged on one side of the air outlet chamber 13 and a plurality of branch blowpipes connected to the main blowpipe. Each branch blowpipe is controlled by a solenoid valve, and each branch blowpipe corresponds to a row of dust bags 18, so that the same solenoid valve can control the airflow interruption of a row of pulse blow heads 71, thereby realizing the synchronous cleaning operation of the entire row of dust bags 18, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly reduces the escape of high-pressure airflow during the cleaning operation by lowering the blowing nozzle 73 and closing the top opening of the dust bag with the cover plate 77, and greatly improves the utilization rate of high-pressure airflow cleaning. At the same time, due to the pressure change cleaning method of the present invention, it does not require too large a pulse airflow to achieve the vibration of the dust bag 18, so it can ensure high pressure under limited airflow to clean multiple dust bags 18 simultaneously.

[0054] Embodiment 3:

[0055] Based on the structure in Example 1 or Example 2, the structure of the cover plate 77 in this embodiment is different. In this embodiment, the cover plate 77 is a conical structure, and the diameter of the mounting hole 17 is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the cover plate 77 and smaller than the diameter of the top of the cover plate 77. When the telescopic hose 72 is ventilated and stretched, the bottom of the cover plate 77 enters the mounting hole 17 and blocks it through the outer edge. This sealing method can change the sealing state of the dust bag 18 from the top surface contact seal to the inner edge contact seal, thereby achieving a better sealing effect through the compression force of the high-pressure airflow.

[0056] Embodiment 4:

[0057] Based on the structure in Example 1, Example 2 or Example 3, in this embodiment, an airbag 78 is provided between the valve body 81 and the slide 75, and the cover plate 77 is located above the airbag 78. Thereby, the sealing performance of the dust bag 18 is increased during the dust cleaning process. The top of the airbag 78 is connected to the bottom of the telescopic hose 72. After the high-pressure gas is introduced into the telescopic hose 72, the telescopic hose 72 stretches in the length direction, and the airbag 78 expands synchronously. After the airbag 78 is pressed into the installation hole 17, the cover plate 77 blocks the installation hole 17, and the expansion of the airbag 78 further seals the installation hole 17, so that the blowing nozzle 73 can complete the dust vibration of the dust bag 18 in a sealed state.

Claims

1. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system, comprising a dust hood (4), an electrostatic dust removal module and a bag dust removal module connected in series through a pipeline, characterized in that: A negative pressure fan (3) is arranged downstream of the bag dust removal module. The electrostatic dust removal module comprises an electrostatic dust removal box chamber (2). The electrostatic dust removal box chamber (2) has an air inlet A (21) connected to the dust hood (4) via a pipeline upstream. The electrostatic dust removal box chamber (2) has an air outlet A (22) connected to the bag dust removal module pipeline downstream. An inlet (23) and an outlet (24) are arranged at two ends of one side of the electrostatic dust removal box chamber (2). From top to bottom, the electrostatic dust removal chamber (2) comprises a power chamber (25), a dust removal chamber (26) and an ash hopper chamber (27). A partition plate (28) is arranged between the power chamber (25) and the dust removal chamber (26). A gate valve is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper chamber (27). A plurality of electrostatic dust removal plates (5) are arranged in an array along a vertical direction of the airflow in the dust removal chamber (26). The electrostatic dust removal plate (5) is connected to a high-voltage positive electrode, and a cooling water cavity is provided in the electrostatic dust removal plate (5). The two ends of the electrostatic dust removal plate (5) are respectively connected to a water supply pipeline (51), and the water supply pipeline (51) passes through an inlet (23) and an outlet (24). The water supply pipeline (51) is connected to a cooling system. A cleaning net (52) is provided on both sides of each electrostatic dust removal plate (5). A plurality of pairs of lifting rails (61) are provided in the power chamber (25), and a lifting frame (6) is slidably provided on the lifting rails (61). A plurality of groups of connecting arms (62) corresponding to the cleaning net (52) are provided at the bottom of the lifting frame (6), and the cleaning net (52) is vertically fixedly installed on the connecting arms (62). A power mechanism (63) for driving the lifting frame (6) to slide back and forth is provided in the power chamber (25);The bag dust removal module comprises a shell (1), the shell (1) is provided with an air inlet B (11) and an air outlet B (12), the shell (1) comprises an air outlet chamber (13), a filter chamber (14) and an ash collection chamber (15) from top to bottom, the air outlet B (12) is connected to the air outlet chamber (13), the air inlet B (11) is connected to the filter chamber (14), a mounting plate (16) is arranged between the air outlet chamber (13) and the filter chamber (14), a plurality of mounting holes (17) are arranged in an array on the mounting plate (16), the mounting holes (17) are used to install dust removal bags (18), a pulse blowpipe (7) is arranged in the air outlet chamber (13), and the pulse blowpipe (7) is connected to the filter chamber (14) via a multi-way joint. A pulse blowing head (71) corresponding to the dust removal bag (18) is connected, a telescopic hose (72) is arranged on the pulse blowing head (71), a blowing nozzle (73) is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic hose (72), a sleeve (74) is arranged at the top of the outer side of the pulse blowing head (71), a slide cylinder (75) is slidably arranged inside the sleeve (74), the sleeve (74) and the slide cylinder (75) cover the telescopic hose (72) inside, a return spring (76) is arranged between the sleeve (74) and the slide cylinder (75), the bottom of the slide cylinder (75) is fixedly connected to the blowing nozzle (73), a cover plate (77) is arranged at the bottom of the slide cylinder (75), and a plurality of solenoid valves are arranged on the pulse blowing pipe (7), each solenoid valve controls the air flow of at least one pulse blowing head (71) to be cut off. ; 2. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two side surfaces of the electrostatic dust removal plate (5) are smooth planes, and the cleaning net (52) is arranged to fit the side surfaces of the electrostatic dust removal plate (5).

3. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plate (28) is provided with a lifting channel matched with the connecting arm (62), the connecting arm (62) and the lifting channel are slidably sealed, each pair of the cleaning nets (52) corresponds to a pair of connecting arms (62), and the two connecting arms (62) are respectively connected to the two ends of the two cleaning nets (62).

4. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting arm (62) and / or the lifting frame (6) are made of insulating material, and the power mechanism (63) is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

5. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic hose (72) is one of a spiral hose, an elastic rubber hose or an accordion hose.

6. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve (8) is arranged between the blowing nozzle (73) and the telescopic hose (72). The one-way valve (8) comprises a valve body (81), a pressure spring (83) and a valve plate (82). The valve body (81) is a through structure. The top of the valve body (81) is connected to the telescopic hose (72). The outer side of the top of the valve body (81) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide cylinder (75). The middle of the valve body (81) is connected to the blowing nozzle (73). The pressure spring (83) is fixed to the bottom of the valve body (81). The valve plate (82) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the valve body (81). The pressure spring (83) is used to push the valve plate (82) to contact the top of the valve body (81) to close the top of the valve body (81). The top of the valve body (81) is provided with a pressure relief hole (84).

7. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (77) is a flat plate structure, the area of ​​the cover plate (77) is larger than the area of ​​the installation hole (17), and when the telescopic hose (72) is ventilated and stretched, the cover plate (77) blocks the installation hole (17).

8. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (77) is a conical structure, the diameter of the installation hole (17) is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the cover plate (77) and smaller than the diameter of the top of the cover plate (77), and when the telescopic hose (72) is ventilated and stretched, the bottom of the cover plate (77) enters into the installation hole (17) and blocks it through the outer edge.

9. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air bag (78) is arranged between the valve body (81) and the slide cylinder (75), and the cover plate (77) is located above the air bag (78).

10. A fuel boiler flue gas ash removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The filter chamber (14) is divided into a plurality of partition chambers.

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