Device and method for detecting welding residual stress of heavy-load workshop box-shaped steel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress detection, in particular to a heavy-load workshop box-shaped steel structure welding residual stress detection device and a method thereof.The heavy-load workshop box-shaped steel structure welding residual stress detection device comprises a fixed seat, movable seats are symmetrically installed on the fixed seat in a sliding mode, movable holes are formed in the movable seats, and movable rods are vertically inserted into the movable holes in a sliding mode; a rectangular plate is mounted at the lower end of the moving rod, a detector is mounted on the lower surface of the rectangular plate, a mounting plate is mounted at the upper end of the moving rod, a first telescopic spring sleeves the moving rod, L-shaped supporting rods are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the moving rod, and a roller is mounted at one end of each supporting rod. According to the invention, through mutual cooperation of the moving seat, the moving rod, the rectangular plate, the mounting plate, the first telescopic spring and the roller, the detector can be driven to stably move along a welding position, so that the detector is effectively prevented from shaking in the moving process, and the accuracy of a residual stress detection result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress detection, and in particular to a device and method for detecting residual stress in welding of a box-shaped steel structure in a heavy-duty workshop. Background Art

[0002] In heavy-load workshops, box-type steel structures are widely used in various load-bearing structures. They are usually welded from four steel plates with a box-shaped cross-section. This structure has good load-bearing capacity and stability and can withstand large loads and external forces. However, the residual stress generated during the welding process will affect the performance and service life of the steel structure. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the stress at the welding point and remove the residual stress at the welding point to ensure the safety and stability of the bridge.

[0003] When the existing detection device performs residual stress detection on the welding joint, it is necessary to align the detector with the welding joint, and then manually drive the detector to move along the welding joint to realize the residual stress detection. However, during the movement, the detector is prone to shaking, thereby affecting the residual stress detection result. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the following shortcomings in the prior art: during the movement, the detector is prone to shaking, thereby affecting the result of residual stress detection, and a device and method for detecting residual stress in box-type steel structure welding in a heavy-duty workshop is proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for detecting residual stress of welding of box-shaped steel structure in a heavy-duty workshop, comprising a fixed seat, two supporting wheels are rotatably mounted in the middle of the fixed seat, supporting blocks are fixedly mounted at both ends of the fixed seat, and clamping components for clamping the steel structure are provided on the two supporting blocks;

[0007] The fixed seat is symmetrically provided with rectangular holes, and an I-shaped movable seat is horizontally slidably installed in two of the rectangular holes, and the fixed seat is provided with a locking component for locking the movable seat;

[0008] The movable seat is provided with a movable hole, a movable rod is vertically slidably inserted in the movable hole, a rectangular plate is fixedly installed on the lower end of the movable rod, a detector is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rectangular plate, a mounting plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the movable rod, a first telescopic spring is sleeved on the movable rod, two ends of the first telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the movable seat, L-shaped support rods are symmetrically fixedly installed on the movable rod, and rollers are rollingly installed on one end of the two support rods.

[0009] As a preferred solution, threaded holes are provided on the two support blocks, and the clamping assembly includes two threaded rods respectively threadedly inserted into the two threaded holes, two adjustment blocks respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the two threaded rods, two rectangular blocks respectively fixedly mounted on the other end of the two threaded rods, two connecting seats respectively mounted on the two rectangular blocks through elastic components, and a plurality of limiting wheels rollingly mounted on the two connecting seats.

[0010] As a preferred solution, two cylindrical holes are provided on the rectangular block, and the elastic component includes two straight rods respectively vertically slidably installed in the two cylindrical holes, two blocks respectively fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two straight rods, and two second telescopic springs respectively sleeved on the two straight rods, the two ends of the second telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the block and the rectangular block, and the lower ends of the two straight rods are fixedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0011] As a preferred solution, a limiting hole is provided on the support block, a limiting rod is horizontally slidably inserted into the limiting hole, and one end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the rectangular block.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the locking assembly includes a locking plate fixedly mounted on a fixed seat, an L-shaped mounting block fixedly mounted on a movable seat, an L-shaped block, a third telescopic spring fixedly mounted on the L-shaped block, and a positioning rod fixedly mounted at one end of the L-shaped block, a strip hole being provided on the locking plate, one end of the mounting block being slidably inserted in the strip hole, a mounting groove being provided at one end of the mounting block, one end of the L-shaped block being slidably inserted in the mounting groove, one end of the third telescopic spring being fixedly mounted in the mounting groove, a plurality of limiting grooves being provided on a side surface of the locking plate, one end of the positioning rod being inserted in one of the limiting grooves, and a pull rod being fixedly mounted on the L-shaped block.

[0013] As a preferred solution, protective covers are symmetrically slidably mounted on the rectangular plate through a sliding assembly, the detector is located between the two protective covers, and a transmission assembly for driving the two protective covers to move closer to each other is provided on the rectangular plate.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the sliding assembly includes two sliding rods, both of which are fixedly mounted on a rectangular plate through a fixed block, a plurality of round blocks respectively fixedly mounted on both ends of the two sliding rods, a plurality of sliding blocks respectively symmetrically slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods, and a plurality of fourth telescopic springs respectively symmetrically slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods, the two ends of the fourth telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding block and the fixed block, and the plurality of sliding blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the two protective covers.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the transmission assembly includes two guide plates that are respectively obliquely fixedly installed on the two protective covers and two top rods that are symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rectangular plate. The two top rods are respectively located directly above the two guide plates, and the moving seat is provided with a limiting assembly for limiting the moving rod.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the limiting assembly includes a positioning block fixedly mounted on a movable seat, a metal rod rotatably mounted on the side of a mounting plate, a pull ring fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate, and a magnet fixedly mounted on the pull ring, and a positioning groove is provided on the surface of the positioning block.

[0017] A method for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop. When installing the detection device, a fixed seat in the detection device is placed on the box-shaped steel structure by means of support wheels and a clamping assembly. When detecting a welding joint, the detector is located directly above the welding joint. The fixed seat is then moved along the welding joint of the box-shaped steel structure to drive the fixed seat to move smoothly on the box-shaped steel structure. During the movement of the fixed seat, the detector is driven to move smoothly along the welding joint by means of a moving seat, a moving rod, a mounting plate, a support rod and a roller, thereby effectively preventing the detector from shaking during the movement and improving the accuracy of the residual stress detection result.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The detection device is clamped on the box-type steel structure through the clamping assembly and the supporting wheel. Then, through the cooperation of the moving seat, the moving rod, the rectangular plate, the mounting plate, the first telescopic spring and the roller, the detector can be driven to move smoothly along the welding point, effectively avoiding the shaking of the detector during the movement and improving the accuracy of the residual stress detection results.

[0020] 2. Through the cooperation between the moving seat and the locking assembly, the position of the detector can be adjusted according to the position of the welding point, so that the detection head of the detector can accurately face the welding point, avoiding position deviation and affecting the detection results.

[0021] 3. Through the cooperation of the support block, threaded rod, adjustment block, rectangular block, connecting seat and limiting wheel, the detection device can be installed on box-type steel structures of different sizes, so that the welding parts of box-type steel structures of different sizes can be detected, effectively improving the practicability of the detection device.

[0022] 4. When the detection device is installed on the box-type steel structure, pull the straight rod to move on the rectangular block to compress the second telescopic spring. Then, through the cooperation of the second telescopic spring and the limiting wheel, the fixed seat tends to move toward the box-type steel structure, thereby preventing the detection device from falling off the box-type steel structure during the movement, and effectively improving the stability of the detection device during the detection process.

[0023] 5. A first telescopic spring is arranged between the rectangular plate and the movable seat, and then the detector is supported by a support rod and a roller. Under the action of the elastic force of the first telescopic spring, the detector can be closely fitted to the surface of the box-type steel structure, thereby increasing stability during the detection process.

[0024] 6. When the detection device is not in use, the detector is stored in two protective covers to protect the detector. When in use, the two protective covers can be automatically driven away from each other through the cooperation of the moving rod, the sliding rod, the fourth telescopic spring and the slider, exposing the detector for easy use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a left-side stereoscopic structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support block and the clamping assembly;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a moving seat, a locking assembly, a moving rod and a detector;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional partial cross-section structure of a mounting block, an L-shaped block and a positioning rod;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rectangular plate, the detector and the protective cover;

[0034] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0035] In the figure: 1 fixed seat, 2 support wheel, 3 support block, 4 movable seat, 5 movable rod, 6 rectangular plate, 7 detector, 8 mounting plate, 9 first telescopic spring, 10 support rod, 11 roller, 12 threaded rod, 13 adjustment block, 14 rectangular block, 15 connecting seat, 16 limiting wheel, 17 straight rod, 18 block, 19 second telescopic spring, 20 limiting rod, 21 locking plate, 22 mounting block, 23 L-shaped block, 24 positioning rod, 25 limiting groove, 26 pull rod, 27 protective cover, 28 sliding rod, 29 round block, 30 slider, 31 fourth telescopic spring, 32 fixed block, 33 guide plate, 34 push rod, 35 positioning block, 36 metal rod, 37 pull ring, 38 magnet, 39 third telescopic spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] Reference Figure 1-Figure 10 A device for detecting residual stress of welding of box-shaped steel structure in a heavy-load workshop comprises a fixed seat 1, two supporting wheels 2 are rotatably installed in the middle of the fixed seat 1, supporting blocks 3 are fixedly installed at both ends of the fixed seat 1, and the two supporting blocks 3 are provided with clamping components for clamping the steel structure. The two supporting blocks 3 are provided with threaded holes, and the clamping components include two threaded rods 12 respectively threadedly inserted in the two threaded holes, two adjusting blocks 13 respectively fixedly installed at one end of the two threaded rods 12, two rectangular blocks 14 respectively fixedly installed at the other ends of the two threaded rods 12, two connecting seats 15 respectively installed on the two rectangular blocks 14 through elastic components, and a plurality of limiting wheels 16 rollingly installed on the two connecting seats 15.

[0038] When installing the detection device, place the fixed seat 1 in the detection device on the box-type steel structure so that the two supporting wheels 2 are in contact with the upper surface of the box-type steel structure, and then place the two supporting blocks 3 on both sides of the box-type steel structure, and then rotate the adjusting block 13 to drive the threaded rod 12 to rotate. Under the action of the threaded hole, the rectangular block 14 and the connecting seat 15 can be driven by the threaded rod 12 to move to the side of the box-type steel structure, and then the limiting wheel 16 is driven to contact the side of the box-type steel structure. The detection device is clamped and fixed on the box-type steel structure through the limiting wheels 16 at both ends of the fixed seat 1, and the spacing between the limiting wheels 16 at both ends of the fixed seat 1 can be adjusted. The spacing between the limiting wheels 16 at both ends can be adjusted according to the size of the box-type steel structure, so that the device can be installed on box-type steel structures of different sizes, and the welding parts of box-type steel structures of different sizes can be detected, which effectively improves the practicality of the detection device.

[0039] Two cylindrical holes are provided on the rectangular block 14, and the elastic component includes two straight rods 17 respectively vertically slidably installed in the two cylindrical holes, two stoppers 18 respectively fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two straight rods 17, and two second telescopic springs 19 respectively sleeved on the two straight rods 17, the two ends of the second telescopic spring 19 are respectively fixedly connected to the stopper 18 and the rectangular block 14, and the lower ends of the two straight rods 17 are fixedly connected to the connecting seat 15.

[0040] The connecting seat 15 can drive the limiting wheel 16 to move up and down on the rectangular block 14. During installation, it drives the straight rod 17 to move in the cylindrical hole, thereby driving the connecting seat 15 to move vertically downward, compressing the second telescopic spring 19. Under the action of the elastic force of the second telescopic spring 19, the fixed seat 1 tends to move toward the box-type steel structure, thereby preventing the detection device from falling off the box-type steel structure during the movement, and effectively improving the stability of the detection device during the detection process.

[0041] A limiting hole is provided on the support block 3, and a limiting rod 20 is horizontally slidably inserted in the limiting hole. One end of the limiting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the rectangular block 14. The limiting rod 20 and the limiting hole can rotationally limit the rectangular block 14, so that when the threaded rod 12 rotates, the rectangular block 14 can be prevented from rotating together.

[0042] Rectangular holes are symmetrically opened on the fixed seat 1, and an I-shaped movable seat 4 is horizontally slidably installed in the two rectangular holes. A locking assembly for locking the movable seat 4 is provided on the fixed seat 1. The movable seat 4 can move in the rectangular holes opened on the fixed seat 1, and can be locked by the locking assembly after moving to a suitable position.

[0043] A moving hole is provided on the moving seat 4, in which a moving rod 5 is vertically slidably inserted, a rectangular plate 6 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the moving rod 5, a detector 7 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rectangular plate 6, a mounting plate 8 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the moving rod 5, a first telescopic spring 9 is sleeved on the moving rod 5, and both ends of the first telescopic spring 9 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 8 and the moving seat 4 respectively, and L-shaped support rods 10 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the moving rod 5, and rollers 11 are rollingly installed at one end of the two support rods 10.

[0044] The detector 7 is installed on the moving seat 4 through the moving rod 5 and the rectangular plate 6. Under the action of the elastic force of the first telescopic spring 9, the moving rod 5 moves vertically downward and drives the detector 7 to move toward the box-type steel structure until the roller 11 at one end of the support rod 10 contacts the upper surface of the box-type steel structure. The detector 7 is supported by the support rod 10 and the roller 11, which makes it easier for the detector 7 to fit closely to the surface of the box-type steel structure and increase stability during the detection process.

[0045] When inspecting the welding joint, the detector 7 is located directly above the welding joint, and then the fixed seat 1 is moved along the welding joint of the box-type steel structure, driving the fixed seat 1 to move smoothly on the box-type steel structure. During the movement of the fixed seat 1, the detector 7 is driven to move smoothly along the welding joint through the moving seat 4, the moving rod 5, the mounting plate 8, the support rod 10 and the roller 11, effectively avoiding the shaking of the detector 7 during the movement, thereby improving the accuracy of the residual stress detection results.

[0046] The locking assembly includes a locking plate 21 fixedly mounted on the fixed seat 1, an L-shaped mounting block 22 fixedly mounted on the movable seat 4, an L-shaped block 23, a third telescopic spring 39 fixedly mounted on the L-shaped block 23, and a positioning rod 24 fixedly mounted at one end of the L-shaped block 23. A bar hole is provided on the locking plate 21, one end of the mounting block 22 is slidably inserted in the bar hole, a mounting groove is provided at one end of the mounting block 22, one end of the L-shaped block 23 is slidably inserted in the mounting groove, one end of the third telescopic spring 39 is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove, a plurality of limiting grooves 25 are provided on the side of the locking plate 21, one end of the positioning rod 24 is inserted in one of the limiting grooves 25, and a pull rod 26 is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped block 23.

[0047] When the fixed seat 1 is installed on the box-type steel structure, by pulling the pull rod 26, the L-shaped block 23 is driven to move away from the mounting block 22, the third telescopic spring 39 is stretched, and at the same time, the L-shaped block 23 drives the positioning rod 24 to move away from the limiting groove 25, and one end of the positioning rod 24 is moved out of the limiting groove 25, thereby contacting the lock of the movable seat 4. At this time, the detector 7 can be driven to move on the fixed seat 1 by moving the movable seat 4, and the detector 7 is aligned with the welding position on the box-type steel structure. Then the pull rod 26 is released, and under the action of the elastic force of the third telescopic spring 39, the L-shaped block 23 moves into the mounting groove and drives the positioning rod 24 to move into the limiting groove 25. When one end of the positioning rod 24 is inserted into the limiting groove 25, the movement of the movable seat 4 can be limited, so that the detection head of the detection instrument 7 can accurately face the welding position, avoiding position deviation and affecting the detection result.

[0048] A protective cover 27 is symmetrically slidably installed on the rectangular plate 6 through a sliding assembly, the detector 7 is located between the two protective covers 27, and a transmission assembly for driving the two protective covers 27 to approach each other is provided on the rectangular plate 6. The sliding assembly includes two slide bars 28, both of which are fixedly installed on the rectangular plate 6 through a fixed block 32, a plurality of round blocks 29 respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the two slide bars 28, a plurality of sliders 30 respectively symmetrically slidably sleeved on the two slide bars 28, and a plurality of fourth telescopic springs 31 respectively symmetrically slidably sleeved on the two slide bars 28, the two ends of the fourth telescopic spring 31 are respectively fixedly connected to the slider 30 and the fixed block 32, and the plurality of sliders 30 are respectively fixedly connected to the two protective covers 27.

[0049] Under the action of the elastic force of the fourth telescopic spring 31, the slider 30 contacts the round block 29 installed at one end of the slide bar 28, and the two sliders 30 on the slide bar 28 tend to move away from each other, so that the two protective covers 27 tend to move away from each other, exposing the detector 7 to the outside, thereby facilitating the use of the detector 7.

[0050] The transmission assembly includes two guide plates 33 respectively fixedly installed at an angle on the two protective covers 27 and two top rods 34 symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rectangular plate 6. The two top rods 34 are respectively located directly above the two guide plates 33. The moving seat 4 is provided with a limiting assembly for limiting the moving rod 5.

[0051] After use, the moving rod 5 is driven to move vertically upward, and then the detector 7 is driven upward through the mounting plate 8, and at the same time, the two protective covers 27 are driven to move toward the two push rods 34 respectively until the guide plate 33 contacts one end of the push rod 34. Under the action of the guide plate 33, the two protective covers 27 can be driven to move closer to each other until the detector 7 is stored between the two protective covers 27 to protect the detector 7.

[0052] The limiting component includes a positioning block 35 fixedly mounted on the moving seat 4, a metal rod 36 rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting plate 8, a pull ring 37 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate 8, and a magnet 38 fixedly mounted on the pull ring 37. A positioning groove is provided on the surface of the positioning block 35. When the detector 7 is stored in the two protective covers 27, the metal rod 36 is rotated to separate the metal rod 36 from the magnet 38, and one end of the metal rod 36 is rotated to the top of the positioning block 35, and then the pull ring 37 is released. Under the action of the elastic force of the first telescopic spring 9, one end of the metal rod 36 is inserted into the positioning groove provided on the positioning block 35, thereby limiting the movement of the moving rod 5 and preventing the two protective covers 27 from opening.

[0053] In the present invention, when installing the detection device, the fixed seat 1 in the detection device is placed on the box-type steel structure through the support wheel 2 and the clamping assembly. When detecting the welding point, the detector 7 is located directly above the welding point, and then the fixed seat 1 is moved along the welding point of the box-type steel structure to drive the fixed seat 1 to move smoothly on the box-type steel structure. During the movement of the fixed seat 1, the detector 7 is driven to move smoothly along the welding point through the moving seat 4, the moving rod 5, the mounting plate 8, the support rod 10 and the roller 11, effectively avoiding the shaking of the detector 7 during the movement, thereby improving the accuracy of the residual stress detection results.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop, comprising a fixing seat (1), characterized in that: Two support wheels (2) are rotatably mounted in the middle of the fixed seat (1), support blocks (3) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the fixed seat (1), and clamping components for clamping the steel structure are provided on the two support blocks (3); The fixed seat (1) is symmetrically provided with rectangular holes, and an I-shaped movable seat (4) is horizontally slidably installed in the two rectangular holes. The fixed seat (1) is provided with a locking assembly for locking the movable seat (4); The movable seat (4) is provided with a movable hole, in which a movable rod (5) is vertically slidably inserted, a rectangular plate (6) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the movable rod (5), a detector (7) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the rectangular plate (6), a mounting plate (8) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the movable rod (5), a first telescopic spring (9) is sleeved on the movable rod (5), two ends of the first telescopic spring (9) are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate (8) and the movable seat (4), and L-shaped support rods (10) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the movable rod (5), and rollers (11) are rollingly mounted on one end of the two support rods (10).

2. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two support blocks (3) are each provided with a threaded hole, and the clamping assembly comprises two threaded rods (12) respectively threadedly inserted into the two threaded holes, two adjustment blocks (13) respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the two threaded rods (12), two rectangular blocks (14) respectively fixedly mounted on the other end of the two threaded rods (12), two connecting seats (15) respectively mounted on the two rectangular blocks (14) via elastic components, and a plurality of limiting wheels (16) rollingly mounted on the two connecting seats (15).

3. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rectangular block (14) is provided with two cylindrical holes, and the elastic component comprises two straight rods (17) respectively vertically slidably mounted in the two cylindrical holes, two stoppers (18) respectively fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two straight rods (17), and two second telescopic springs (19) respectively sleeved on the two straight rods (17), the two ends of the second telescopic spring (19) being respectively fixedly connected to the stoppers (18) and the rectangular block (14), and the lower ends of the two straight rods (17) being fixedly connected to the connecting seat (15).

4. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support block (3) is provided with a limiting hole, in which a limiting rod (20) is horizontally slidably inserted, and one end of the limiting rod (20) is fixedly connected to the rectangular block (14).

5. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a locking plate (21) fixedly mounted on the fixed seat (1), an L-shaped mounting block (22) fixedly mounted on the movable seat (4), an L-shaped block (23), a third telescopic spring (39) fixedly mounted on the L-shaped block (23), and a positioning rod (24) fixedly mounted on one end of the L-shaped block (23); a strip hole is provided on the locking plate (21); one end of the mounting block (22) is slidably inserted in the strip hole; one end of the mounting block (22) is provided with a mounting groove; one end of the L-shaped block (23) is slidably inserted in the mounting groove; one end of the third telescopic spring (39) is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove; a plurality of limiting grooves (25) are provided on the side of the locking plate (21); one end of the positioning rod (24) is inserted in one of the limiting grooves (25); and a pull rod (26) is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped block (23).

6. The device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structure in heavy-duty workshop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A protective cover (27) is symmetrically slidably mounted on the rectangular plate (6) via a sliding assembly, the detector (7) is located between the two protective covers (27), and a transmission assembly for driving the two protective covers (27) to move closer to each other is provided on the rectangular plate (6).

7. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding assembly comprises two sliding rods (28) fixedly mounted on a rectangular plate (6) via a fixing block (32), a plurality of round blocks (29) respectively fixedly mounted on both ends of the two sliding rods (28), a plurality of sliding blocks (30) respectively symmetrically slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods (28), and a plurality of fourth telescopic springs (31) respectively symmetrically slidably sleeved on the two sliding rods (28), the two ends of the fourth telescopic spring (31) being respectively fixedly connected to the sliding block (30) and the fixing block (32), and the plurality of sliding blocks (30) being respectively fixedly connected to the two protective covers (27).

8. The device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises two guide plates (33) respectively fixedly installed at an angle on two protective covers (27) and two push rods (34) symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rectangular plate (6), the two push rods (34) being respectively located directly above the two guide plates (33), and a limiting assembly for limiting the moving rod (5) is provided on the moving seat (4).

9. A device for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structures in a heavy-duty workshop according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting assembly comprises a positioning block (35) fixedly mounted on the movable seat (4), a metal rod (36) rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting plate (8), a pull ring (37) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate (8), and a magnet (38) fixedly mounted on the pull ring (37); a positioning groove is provided on the surface of the positioning block (35).

10. The method for detecting residual stress in welding of box-shaped steel structure in heavy-duty workshop according to claim 9, characterized in that: When installing the detection device, the fixed seat (1) in the detection device is placed on the box-shaped steel structure through the support wheel (2) and the clamping assembly. When detecting the welding position, the detector (7) is located directly above the welding position, and then the fixed seat (1) is moved along the welding position of the box-shaped steel structure to drive the fixed seat (1) to move smoothly on the box-shaped steel structure. During the movement of the fixed seat (1), the detector (7) is driven to move smoothly along the welding position through the moving seat (4), the moving rod (5), the mounting plate (8), the support rod (10) and the roller (11), effectively avoiding the shaking of the detector (7) during the movement, thereby improving the accuracy of the residual stress detection result.

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