Large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method in the field of wireless communication, which comprises the following steps: a subnet routing installation step: installing subnet routing nodes in an area needing wireless network coverage, and in the installation process, firstly determining the position of the center of the area and then determining the position of the center of the area; the wireless ad hoc network routing method comprises the following steps of: installing a wireless ad hoc network at the center of the wireless ad hoc network, installing a subnet routing node at the center, and after the subnet routing node at the center is installed, continuing to install other subnet routing nodes near the subnet routing node at the center, and adopting a hybrid routing technology combining active routing and on-demand routing in the wireless ad hoc network. Routing overhead can be remarkably reduced, and large-scale networking of hundreds and thousands of nodes is supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method. Background Art

[0002] In traditional wireless ad hoc networks, a single device can be used as a router or a terminal device, independent of the central node, automatically forming a network topology, calculating the routes to each node in the network based on the topology, and automatically forwarding messages based on the routes. Limited by the bandwidth of the radio station, the network can only support a limited number of nodes (typically dozens of nodes), and in scenarios requiring large-scale networking, it is necessary to rely on switching devices to form a multi-level network structure to meet the needs.

[0003] The Chinese patent with the announcement number CN113507738B discloses a method for mobile ad hoc network routing decision, which is based on a trusted mechanism and Q-Learning dynamic trust value. The trusted mechanism includes neighbor monitoring, information sharing, evaluation decision and routing management. The present invention solves the problems of the node's own distrust in ad hoc network under harsh conditions and the node's autonomous selection of the most suitable next-hop node. It realizes the node's internal evaluation of trust and the elimination of untrusted nodes, and also realizes the intelligent selection of nodes after their own exploration of the network. At the same time, it solves the problem of motivating nodes to make honest recommendations in mobile ad hoc networks based on trust mechanisms, and realizes a trusted routing protocol on this basis. Introducing a trust mechanism in a mobile ad hoc network to judge the behavior of nodes can effectively establish a trust relationship between nodes, thereby building a stable and trusted network environment.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned publicly available solutions have the following shortcomings: the traditional ad hoc network wireless connection method adopts a single routing method to explore the data transmission path when in use. In actual use, the paging information of the flooding mechanism between the routing nodes within the ad hoc network will reduce the speed of broadcast replies and thus reduce the efficiency of data transmission. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of the present invention to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the technical problems existing in the background technology. The present invention proposes a large-scale self-organizing network composite routing method. The present invention adopts a hybrid routing technology combining active routing and on-demand routing in a wireless self-organizing network, which can significantly reduce routing overhead and support large-scale networking of hundreds or thousands of nodes. At the same time, when the method is actually used, it can automatically check the working status of the current subnet routing node in the self-organizing network by periodically repeating Hello messages, thereby ignoring offline or faulty devices during the node identification code registration process.

[0007] The present invention proposes a large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1 is a step of installing a subnet routing. In this step, a subnet routing node is installed in the area where wireless network coverage is required. During the installation process, a relatively central location of the area is first determined. At this time, the subnet routing node is installed at the central location. After the installation of the central subnet routing node is completed, other subnet routing nodes are continued to be installed near the central subnet routing node.

[0009] S2 is a step of establishing a subnet routing self-organizing network. In this step, during the installation process of the subnet routing node, the installation position is moved so that the signal strength between the current subnet routing node and the nearby subnet routing nodes is within the critical interval of the strong signal strength range. At this time, the current subnet routing node is installed, and the current subnet routing node is allowed to send a Hello message to its adjacent subnet routing node. At this time, after receiving the Hello message, the adjacent subnet routing node feeds back the message and adds the identification code information of the adjacent subnet routing node in the feedback information, so that the self-organizing network information between the subnet routing nodes can be saved in each subnet routing node by broadcasting a message to the adjacent subnet routing node when each subnet routing node is installed;

[0010] S3 is the step of installing the gateway. After the subnet routing node is installed in a certain area, a switching device is installed near the edge of the area. The gateway includes a switching device and a wireless router. After the switching device is installed, the switching device broadcasts to all subnet routing nodes in the current area through the wireless router. The broadcast file adopts a flooding transmission mechanism. After the subnet routing node closer to the switching device receives the broadcast file, it will broadcast to its adjacent subnet routing nodes. When the subnet routing node receives the broadcast file for the second time, the broadcast stops. After a period of time, all subnet routing nodes in the area will receive the broadcast file sent by the switching device. At this time, all subnet routing nodes reply to the broadcast file, and the reply content includes their own identification code and the identification code of their adjacent subnet routing nodes.

[0011] S4 is a step of establishing a self-organizing network connection. After the switching device receives a reply broadcast file from all subnet routing nodes in the area, it registers according to the identification code of each subnet routing node in the reply file, and according to the identification code of the adjacent subnet routing node sent by each subnet routing node, a distribution network of all subnet routing nodes in the area can be established in the switching device, and the signal connection relationship and signal transmission path between all subnet routing nodes are determined.

[0012] S5 is a step of installing a primary network node. In this step, a directional signal wireless transmission device is installed on the gateway, so as to connect the gateway with other gateways through wireless transmission. The directional signal wireless transmission device can make the distance between the gateway nodes in the primary network farther, and the gateway distribution does not need to be at the same distance from each other. When the directional signal wireless transmission device is used to transmit information between the gateways, it is only necessary to point the directional signal wireless transmission device toward the nearest adjacent gateway device;

[0013] S6 is a step of establishing a first-level network self-organizing network. After the gateways in each area are installed, information is transmitted between gateways through directional signal wireless transmission equipment. When the gateways transmit information to each other, they will send all subnet routing node identification codes within their own area to the adjacent gateway devices, thereby establishing self-organizing network connection information by recording the device identification codes under the adjacent gateways.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this solution can establish a method of registering internal identification codes in a self-organizing network and retrieve adjacent node identification codes through each node when the method performs data transmission, thereby achieving the effect of finding the shortest data transmission path.

[0015] Preferably, the subnet routing installation step should select a relatively open location to install the subnet routing in the central area during the preliminary subnet routing installation.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this solution can ensure the stability of the signal transmission strength of the subnet routing nodes in the area with the most intensive information transmission in the region by starting the installation from the regional center during the subnet routing installation process.

[0017] Preferably, the step of establishing a subnet routing ad hoc network will be automatically repeated periodically when the ad hoc network is actually used. During the repeated execution of this step, the location and working status of the subnet routing nodes in a certain area can be updated. Therefore, when the subnet routing is offline within the ad hoc network, the information of the offline device can be deleted by repeating this step, thereby avoiding the use of offline devices for transit in subsequent data transmission processes.

[0018] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, this scheme can realize the self-checking effect of this device by repeating the self-organizing network identification code registration steps, so that offline devices can be excluded from the self-organizing network during each self-organizing network identification code registration process, thereby ensuring that offline devices will not be used in subsequent data transmission processes.

[0019] Preferably, the step of installing the gateway can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting within the subnet routing self-organizing network on the gateway device by using a gateway switching device independent of the subnet routing. Therefore, when the subnet routing node is installed, the number of subnet routing nodes in a certain area is controlled within a certain range, which can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting on the working efficiency and data transmission performance of the subnet routing node.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, this solution can achieve the effect of long-distance transmission of information within a certain area through the step of installing a gateway, thereby avoiding the method of using sub-routing nodes over a large area and reducing the cost of wireless data transmission.

[0021] Preferably, the step of installing the gateway can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting within the subnet routing self-organizing network on the gateway device by using a gateway switching device independent of the subnet routing. Therefore, when the subnet routing node is installed, the number of subnet routing nodes in a certain area is controlled within a certain range, which can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting on the working efficiency and data transmission performance of the subnet routing node.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, this solution can achieve the flood isolation effect of this device through an independent gateway device, so that in actual use, the sub-route broadcast information of different areas will not be transmitted to other areas, avoiding the continuous replication and expansion of the broadcast information.

[0023] Preferably, the step of establishing a self-organizing network connection uses a gateway device to store the identification codes of subnet routing nodes within a certain area. When information is transmitted, the identification code stored inside the gateway can quickly locate whether the current information target is in a subnet routing node in the current area, and then determine whether it is necessary to continue data transmission within the area.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, this solution can quickly determine whether there is a data target node in the current area based on the identification code library through self-organizing network connection, thereby avoiding further broadcast inquiries in the area, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the working intensity of the sub-routing node.

[0025] Preferably, the step of establishing a primary network self-organizing network combines and saves the identification codes of the subnet routing nodes inside several gateways. When receiving information, it is determined whether the current information belongs to the subnet routing node inside the current area according to the identification code library stored in the current gateway. If it does not belong to the current area, the information is transmitted to other nearby gateway devices through a directional wireless transmission device, and then the other gateway devices search their own identification code libraries to quickly determine which gateway the target node belongs to.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, this solution can quickly locate the area where the data end point is located through the connection between gateways, thereby linking the wireless data transmission of multiple areas.

[0027] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention combines active beacon routing and reactive routing technology, has lower routing overhead and stronger network scalability. The present invention uses a network spanning tree to change the broadcast of most routing messages in the reactive routing pathfinding process to unicast, which significantly reduces the routing overhead in the reactive routing pathfinding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is combined with Figure 1 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the existing problems, in this embodiment, the present invention discloses a large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method, including the following steps:

[0034] S1 is a step of installing a subnet routing. In this step, a subnet routing node is installed in the area where wireless network coverage is required. During the installation process, a relatively central location of the area is first determined. At this time, the subnet routing node is installed at the central location. After the installation of the central subnet routing node is completed, other subnet routing nodes are continued to be installed near the central subnet routing node.

[0035] S2 is a step of establishing a subnet routing self-organizing network. In this step, during the installation process of the subnet routing node, the installation position is moved so that the signal strength between the current subnet routing node and the nearby subnet routing nodes is within the critical interval of the strong signal strength range. At this time, the current subnet routing node is installed, and the current subnet routing node is allowed to send a Hello message to its adjacent subnet routing node. At this time, after receiving the Hello message, the adjacent subnet routing node feeds back the message and adds the identification code information of the adjacent subnet routing node in the feedback information, so that the self-organizing network information between the subnet routing nodes can be saved in each subnet routing node by broadcasting a message to the adjacent subnet routing node when each subnet routing node is installed;

[0036] S3 is the step of installing the gateway. After the subnet routing node is installed in a certain area, a switching device is installed near the edge of the area. The gateway includes a switching device and a wireless router. After the switching device is installed, the switching device broadcasts to all subnet routing nodes in the current area through the wireless router. The broadcast file adopts a flooding transmission mechanism. After the subnet routing node closer to the switching device receives the broadcast file, it will broadcast to its adjacent subnet routing nodes. When the subnet routing node receives the broadcast file for the second time, the broadcast stops. After a period of time, all subnet routing nodes in the area will receive the broadcast file sent by the switching device. At this time, all subnet routing nodes reply to the broadcast file, and the reply content includes their own identification code and the identification code of their adjacent subnet routing nodes.

[0037] S4 is a step of establishing a self-organizing network connection. After the switching device receives a reply broadcast file from all subnet routing nodes in the area, it registers according to the identification code of each subnet routing node in the reply file, and according to the identification code of the adjacent subnet routing node sent by each subnet routing node, a distribution network of all subnet routing nodes in the area can be established in the switching device, and the signal connection relationship and signal transmission path between all subnet routing nodes are determined.

[0038] S5 is a step of installing a primary network node. In this step, a directional signal wireless transmission device is installed on the gateway, so as to connect the gateway with other gateways through wireless transmission. The directional signal wireless transmission device can make the distance between the gateway nodes in the primary network farther, and the gateway distribution does not need to be at the same distance from each other. When the directional signal wireless transmission device is used to transmit information between the gateways, it is only necessary to point the directional signal wireless transmission device toward the nearest adjacent gateway device;

[0039] S6 is a step of establishing a first-level network self-organizing network. After the gateways in each area are installed, information is transmitted between gateways through directional signal wireless transmission equipment. When the gateways transmit information to each other, they will send all subnet routing node identification codes within their own area to the adjacent gateway devices, thereby establishing self-organizing network connection information by recording the device identification codes under the adjacent gateways.

[0040] The subnet routing installation step should select a relatively open location to install the subnet routing in the central area during the preliminary subnet routing installation.

[0041] The step of establishing a subnet routing ad hoc network will be automatically repeated periodically when the ad hoc network is actually used. During the repeated execution of this step, the location and working status of the subnet routing nodes in a certain area can be updated. Therefore, when the subnet routing is offline within the ad hoc network, the information of the offline device can be deleted by repeating this step, thereby avoiding the use of offline devices for transit in subsequent data transmission processes.

[0042] The step of installing the gateway can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting within the subnet routing self-organizing network on the gateway device by using a gateway switching device independent of the subnet routing. Therefore, when the subnet routing node is installed, the number of subnet routing nodes in a certain area is controlled within a certain range, which can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting on the working efficiency and data transmission performance of the subnet routing node.

[0043] The step of establishing a self-organizing network connection uses a gateway device to store the identification codes of subnet routing nodes in a certain area. When information is transmitted, the identification code stored inside the gateway can quickly locate whether the current information target is in a subnet routing node in the current area, and then determine whether it is necessary to continue data transmission within the area.

[0044] The step of establishing a primary network self-organizing network is to combine and save the subnet routing node identification codes inside several gateways. When receiving information, it is determined whether the current information belongs to the subnet routing node inside the current area according to the identification code library stored in the current gateway. If it does not belong to the current area, the information is transmitted to other nearby gateway devices through a directional wireless transmission device, and then other gateway devices search their own identification code libraries to quickly determine which gateway the target node belongs to.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the existing problems in this embodiment, based on the same concept as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the large-scale self-organizing network composite routing method also includes the following usage method:

[0047] Active routing part

[0048] Each node in the ad hoc network periodically sends Hello messages to notify neighboring nodes of its existence. All nodes can obtain their own neighbor node list from this process, completing the establishment of a one-hop route.

[0049] React Routing Part

[0050] When a node finds that the service destination node is not within its one-hop range, it initiates the path finding process. The main process is as follows:

[0051] 1. The source node sends a routing signal to its superior node in the network spanning tree, carrying the destination node;

[0052] 2. After receiving the routing signaling, the upper node searches its neighbor node list to see if there is a destination node. If so, it immediately returns a routing success signaling; if not, it forwards the routing signaling to its upper node;

[0053] 3. If other neighbor nodes of the source node also receive the routing signaling and find that there is a destination node in their neighbor list, they also send a routing success signaling to the source node;

[0054] 4. If none of the upper nodes of the source node has a route to the destination node, the source node will eventually reach the root node of the network spanning tree. In this process, all upper nodes, including the root node, obtain the route to the source node.

[0055] 5. When the root node does not have a destination node route, it sends a network-wide flood message carrying the destination node paging signaling, and uses the opportunity of broadcasting the flood information to the entire network to find the destination node;

[0056] 6. After receiving the paging signaling, the destination node unicasts the paging reply signaling to the root node along the network spanning tree, that is, the next-hop forwarding node is the parent node of the destination node;

[0057] 7. After receiving the paging reply signaling from the destination node, the root node unicasts a routing success signaling to the source node;

[0058] 8. If the source node receives multiple successful routing signals within one frame, it will select the optimal route by comprehensively considering the forwarding hops and link quality.

[0059] The advantages of this method are:

[0060] Common routing protocols include active routing and reactive routing. Active routing periodically maintains the topology of the entire network. Its routing overhead grows exponentially with the number of network nodes. The routing table that the node needs to maintain is also very large, and a large part of it is invalid routing, that is, the source node does not need to send services to these destination nodes. Reactive routing only initiates routing to the destination node when the node has services, and the overhead is very small when there is no service. However, in actual tactical wireless networks, nodes usually have service needs. Moreover, the routing messages of reactive routing are broadcast throughout the network, and its overhead grows rapidly with the scale of the network. When the number of services is large, the routing protocol overhead will exceed that of active routing, and the scalability is poor.

[0061] This solution adopts a hybrid design of active and reactive routing to further reduce routing overhead. The basic design idea is that one-hop routing is actively established, and one-hop external routing is established on demand using a network spanning tree. A network spanning tree can be established using a variety of methods, including STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) and other protocols. The present invention does not limit the specific method of establishing a network spanning tree.

[0062] In terms of active routing, this solution does not add any additional overhead, and the overhead can be considered to be zero.

[0063] In terms of reactive routing, routing signaling, paging reply signaling, and routing success signaling are all unicast, which greatly reduces the overhead compared to the traditional reactive routing broadcast transmission mechanism. The overhead of the broadcast transmission mechanism is O(N), while the number of participating nodes is at most twice the maximum number of hops in the network, even if unicast transmission is not the nearest route (transmitted along the network spanning tree). Taking the maximum number of 8 hops as an example, it is only 16, and it will not increase with the increase of the number of network nodes N, which has good scalability.

[0064] In addition, although the destination node paging signaling is broadcasted throughout the network, the network spanning tree mechanism is also used, and the added overhead is O(M*f), where f is the number of service flows and M is the average number of destination nodes that need to be paged for each service flow. Before the root node broadcasts the destination node paging message, if any of the upper nodes of the source node finds the destination node route, it can immediately return a successful routing signaling without broadcasting the node paging signaling. Simulations show that only a small number of destination nodes need to broadcast node paging messages, so the added routing overhead is not much.

[0065] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method, comprising the following steps: S1 is a step of installing a subnet routing. In this step, a subnet routing node is installed in the area where wireless network coverage is required. During the installation process, a relatively central location of the area is first determined. At this time, the subnet routing node is installed at the central location. After the installation of the central subnet routing node is completed, other subnet routing nodes are continued to be installed near the central subnet routing node. S2 is a step of establishing a subnet routing self-organizing network. In this step, during the installation process of the subnet routing node, the installation position is moved so that the signal strength between the current subnet routing node and the nearby subnet routing nodes is within the critical interval of the strong signal strength range. At this time, the current subnet routing node is installed, and the current subnet routing node is allowed to send a Hello message to its adjacent subnet routing node. At this time, after receiving the Hello message, the adjacent subnet routing node feeds back the message and adds the identification code information of the adjacent subnet routing node in the feedback information, so that the self-organizing network information between the subnet routing nodes can be saved in each subnet routing node by broadcasting a message to the adjacent subnet routing node when each subnet routing node is installed; S3 is the step of installing the gateway. After the subnet routing node is installed in a certain area, a switching device is installed near the edge of the area. The gateway includes a switching device and a wireless router. After the switching device is installed, the switching device broadcasts to all subnet routing nodes in the current area through the wireless router. The broadcast file adopts a flooding transmission mechanism. After the subnet routing node closer to the switching device receives the broadcast file, it will broadcast to its adjacent subnet routing nodes. When the subnet routing node receives the broadcast file for the second time, the broadcast stops. After a period of time, all subnet routing nodes in the area will receive the broadcast file sent by the switching device. At this time, all subnet routing nodes reply to the broadcast file, and the reply content includes their own identification code and the identification code of their adjacent subnet routing nodes. S4 is a step of establishing a self-organizing network connection. After the switching device receives a reply broadcast file from all subnet routing nodes in the area, it registers according to the identification code of each subnet routing node in the reply file, and according to the identification code of the adjacent subnet routing node sent by each subnet routing node, a distribution network of all subnet routing nodes in the area can be established in the switching device, and the signal connection relationship and signal transmission path between all subnet routing nodes are determined. S5 is a step of installing a primary network node. In this step, a directional signal wireless transmission device is installed on the gateway, so as to connect the gateway with other gateways through wireless transmission. The directional signal wireless transmission device can make the distance between the gateway nodes in the primary network farther, and the gateway distribution does not need to be at the same distance from each other. When the directional signal wireless transmission device is used to transmit information between the gateways, it is only necessary to point the directional signal wireless transmission device toward the nearest adjacent gateway device; S6 is a step of establishing a first-level network self-organizing network. After the gateways in each area are installed, information is transmitted between gateways through directional signal wireless transmission equipment. When the gateways transmit information to each other, they will send all subnet routing node identification codes within their own area to the adjacent gateway devices, thereby establishing self-organizing network connection information by recording the device identification codes under the adjacent gateways.

2. A large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subnet routing installation step should select a relatively open location to install the subnet routing in the central area during the preliminary subnet routing installation.

3. A large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of establishing a subnet routing ad hoc network will be automatically repeated periodically when the ad hoc network is actually used. During the repeated execution of this step, the location and working status of the subnet routing nodes in a certain area can be updated. Therefore, when the subnet routing is offline within the ad hoc network, the information of the offline device can be deleted by repeating this step, thereby avoiding the use of offline devices for transit in subsequent data transmission processes.

4. A large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of installing the gateway can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting within the subnet routing self-organizing network on the gateway device by using a gateway switching device independent of the subnet routing. Therefore, when the subnet routing node is installed, the number of subnet routing nodes in a certain area is controlled within a certain range, which can avoid the impact of flooding information broadcasting on the working efficiency and data transmission performance of the subnet routing node.

5. A large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of establishing a self-organizing network connection uses a gateway device to store the identification codes of subnet routing nodes in a certain area. When information is transmitted, the identification code stored inside the gateway can quickly locate whether the current information target is in a subnet routing node in the current area, and then determine whether it is necessary to continue data transmission within the area.

6. A large-scale ad hoc network composite routing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of establishing a primary network self-organizing network is to combine and save the subnet routing node identification codes inside several gateways. When receiving information, it is determined whether the current information belongs to the subnet routing node inside the current area according to the identification code library stored in the current gateway. If it does not belong to the current area, the information is transmitted to other nearby gateway devices through a directional wireless transmission device, and then other gateway devices search their own identification code libraries to quickly determine which gateway the target node belongs to.

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