Carbon-based material preparation method and device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method and device of a carbon-based material. The device comprises a fluidized bed, first energy consumption equipment connected with the top of the fluidized bed, a filter connected with the first energy consumption equipment, a compressor used for compressing gas, a buffer tank connected with an outlet of the compressor, and a pneumatic conveying module connected with the bottom of the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed comprises a material bin located on the upper portion of a fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace for heating the lower portion of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin is provided with a feeding port, the heating furnace is provided with a discharging port, and the material bin is connected with the heating furnace through a gate valve. According to the embodiment of the invention, the carbon-based material can be continuously prepared by adopting the fluidized bed, and meanwhile, the preparation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized beds, and in particular to a method and device for preparing carbon-based materials. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main methods for preparing carbon-based materials are arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Among them, the arc discharge method is to apply a large current to two carbon electrodes under high temperature conditions, which can obtain a yield of 70%, but the growth rate of carbon-based materials is fast and the equipment parameters are not easy to control; the laser ablation method is similar to the arc discharge method, and the yield can reach 80% to 85% by shooting a graphite target in an inert gas with a high-power laser beam, but the equipment is expensive and complicated; both methods cannot be produced continuously, which is not conducive to large-scale preparation.

[0003] The chemical vapor deposition method uses carbon-containing compounds containing unsaturated chemical bonds such as ethylene and acetylene as carbon sources. After being catalytically decomposed by a fixed catalyst under high temperature conditions, they are deposited and polymerized on the catalyst surface to form carbon-based materials. The yield of this method can reach more than 95%. The "boiling bed catalytic cracking method" developed on this basis has greatly increased the output of carbon-based materials and can achieve mass production.

[0004] Although the chemical vapor deposition method for preparing carbon-based materials has the advantages of low temperature and easy control of parameters, the use of gaseous carbon sources and the removal of catalyst particles in carbon-based materials significantly increase the preparation cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a method and device for preparing a carbon-based material is proposed to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, including:

[0006] A carbon-based material preparation device, the device comprising: a fluidized bed, a first energy-consuming device connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a filter connected to the first energy-consuming device, a compressor for compressing gas, a buffer tank connected to the outlet of the compressor, and a pneumatic conveying module connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed comprising a material bin located at the upper part of the fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace for heating the lower part of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin is provided with a feed inlet, the heating furnace is provided with a discharge outlet, and the material bin and the heating furnace are connected via a gate valve;

[0007] The fluidized bed is used to feed solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, open the gate valve to allow the solid particles to enter the heating furnace, heat the solid particles and the gas introduced into the fluidized bed in the heating furnace to obtain carbon-based materials, and output the carbon-based materials through the discharge port;

[0008] The pneumatic conveying module is used to input gas into the heating furnace;

[0009] The first energy-consuming device is used to cool the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0010] The filter is used to filter dust entrained in the first gas;

[0011] The compressor is used to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas;

[0012] The buffer tank is used to buffer the compressed gas and transport the compressed gas to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

[0013] Optionally, the gas transported to the heating furnace by the pneumatic conveying module is an inert gas, and the solid particles are solid carbonaceous particles.

[0014] Optionally, the gas transported to the heating furnace by the pneumatic transport module is carbon-rich gas, and the solid particles are solid carbonaceous particles or inert solid particles; a hydrogen purification module is arranged between the filter and the compressor, and the hydrogen purification module includes a distillation tower and a second energy-using device,

[0015] The second energy-using device is used to precool the first gas output from the filter, and transport the precooled first gas to the distillation tower, and exchange cold energy with the second gas output from the bottom of the distillation tower, and transport the second gas after exchanging cold energy to the compressor.

[0016] The distillation tower is used to distill and purify the first gas, output purified hydrogen from the top, and output the second gas from the bottom.

[0017] Optionally, a water pipeline is connected to the first energy-consuming equipment, the inlet of the water pipeline is connected to a cold water pump, the outlet of the water pipeline is connected to a steam pressure reducing station, and the steam pressure reducing station is connected to a steam turbine generator set;

[0018] The cooling water pump is used to provide cooling water for the first energy-consuming equipment;

[0019] The first energy-consuming device is used to exchange heat between the first gas and the cooling water to obtain steam, and to convert the steam into steam;

[0020] The steam decompression station is used to decompress the steam;

[0021] The steam turbine generator set is used for generating steam power by using the decompressed steam.

[0022] Optionally, the heating furnace comprises electromagnetic heating modules closely arranged around the heating furnace;

[0023] The electromagnetic heating module is used to make the temperature of the heating furnace range between 2250°C and 3000°C through electromagnetic heating.

[0024] Optionally, the heating furnace comprises a plurality of temperature meters evenly distributed on the wall surface along the axial direction of the heating furnace;

[0025] The temperature meter is used to monitor the inner wall temperature of the heating furnace so that the carbon-based material preparation device adjusts the frequency of the electromagnetic heating module according to the inner wall temperature.

[0026] Optionally, the heating furnace comprises an air distribution plate at the bottom of the heating furnace, and a cavity filled with solid particles is arranged below the air distribution plate;

[0027] The air distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the gas passing through the fluidized bed.

[0028] Optionally, one or more separators are arranged on the top of the material bin;

[0029] The separator is used to separate solid particles entrained in the gas output from the fluidized bed.

[0030] Optionally, the feed port and the discharge port are provided with air lock valves.

[0031] Optionally, the material bin and the heating furnace are provided with a thermal insulation layer.

[0032] A method for preparing a carbon-based material, applied to the above-mentioned device, the method comprising:

[0033] Put solid carbonaceous particles into the material bin through the feed port, and open the gate valve to allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace;

[0034] Introducing an inert gas into the heating furnace and heating the solid carbonaceous particles in the heating furnace, so that the solid carbonaceous particles are kept in a fluidized state in the heating furnace and generate carbon-based materials, and outputting the carbon-based materials through the discharge port;

[0035] Using a first energy-consuming device to cool down the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0036] Using a filter to filter the dust entrained in the first gas;

[0037] Using the compressor to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas;

[0038] The compressed gas is buffered in the buffer tank, and the compressed gas in the buffer tank is transported to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

[0039] A method for preparing a carbon-based material, applied to the device as described above, the method comprising:

[0040] Put solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, open the gate valve, and allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace;

[0041] Inputting the carbon-rich gas into the heating furnace, pyrolyzing the carbon-rich gas in the heating furnace to generate carbon-based materials, and outputting the carbon-based materials through the discharge port;

[0042] Using a first energy-consuming device to cool down the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0043] Using a filter to filter the dust entrained in the first gas;

[0044] Using the compressor to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas;

[0045] The compressed gas is buffered in the buffer tank, and the compressed gas in the buffer tank is transported to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

[0046] Optionally, it also includes:

[0047] A second energy-consuming device is used to precool the first gas output from the filter, and the precooled first gas is transported to the distillation tower for distillation and purification, and purified hydrogen is obtained from the top of the distillation tower.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, a carbon-based material preparation device is provided, which includes a fluidized bed, a first energy-consuming device connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a filter connected to the first energy-consuming device, a compressor for compressing gas, a buffer tank connected to the outlet of the compressor, a pneumatic conveying module connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed includes a material bin located at the upper part of the fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace for heating the lower part of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin is provided with a feed port, the heating furnace is provided with a discharge port, and the material bin and the heating furnace are connected through a gate valve. Thus, the carbon-based material can be sustainably prepared by using a fluidized bed, while reducing the preparation cost of the carbon-based material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0051] Figure 1a It is a structural schematic diagram of a carbon-based material preparation device provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing carbon-based materials by combining solid particles with carbon-rich gas provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2a It is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing carbon-based materials from a solid carbon source provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing carbon-based materials from a gaseous carbon source provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 is a flow chart of steps of a method for preparing a carbon-based material provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the steps of another method for preparing carbon-based materials provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Reference Figure 1a , showing a schematic structural diagram of a carbon-based material preparation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises: a fluidized bed 101, a first energy-consuming device 102 connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a filter 103 connected to the first energy-consuming device, a compressor 104 for compressing gas, a buffer tank 105 connected to the outlet of the compressor, a pneumatic conveying module 106 connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed 101 comprises a material bin 11 located at the upper part of the fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace 12 for heating the lower part of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin 11 is provided with a feed port 111, the heating furnace is provided with a discharge port 121, and the material bin 11 and the heating furnace 12 are connected through a gate valve 13. The material bin and the heating furnace are integrated, and a gate valve is provided in the middle to control the falling speed of solid particles. The material bin and the heating furnace are provided with an insulation layer to reduce the heat exchange between the fluidized bed and the external environment and improve the generation efficiency of carbon-based materials.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluidized bed 101 is used to feed solid particles into the material bin through the feed port 111, and then open the gate valve 13 to allow the solid particles to enter the heating furnace 12, heat the solid particles and the passing gas in the heating furnace 12 to obtain carbon-based materials, and output the carbon-based materials through the discharge port 121.

[0060] The carbon-based material in the embodiment of the present invention can be a high-quality carbon-based material, that is, a carbon-based material with a purity of up to 99.9%, for example, carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a multifunctional nanomaterial with excellent electrical, optical, chemical, physical and mechanical properties, and are widely used in electronics, medicine, environment and other fields.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the fluidized bed 101 is provided with a fluidizing gas opening at the bottom, a fluidizing gas outlet at the top, a feed inlet at the upper side, and a discharge outlet at the lower side.

[0062] The solid particles and / or gas in the embodiment of the present invention are carbon-containing substances.

[0063] In one example, the gas may be an inert gas, and the solid particles may be solid carbonaceous particles, which may include but are not limited to particles of coal, biomass, coke, petroleum coke, other carbonaceous solids, etc. The inert gas may be Ar, and the inert gas may carry light gases such as CO, H2O, etc.

[0064] The principle of using a combination of solid carbon source and inert gas to heat in a heating furnace to prepare carbon-based materials in the embodiment of the present invention is to utilize the different boiling points of different substances, heat them in a heating furnace, and obtain purified high-quality carbon-based materials from the discharge port according to the boiling point corresponding to the carbon-based material.

[0065] In another example, the gas may be a carbon-rich gas, and the solid particles may be solid carbonaceous particles or inert solid particles; in a heating furnace, the carbon-rich gas may be pyrolyzed to generate pure carbon materials, wherein the main purpose of using solid particles is to provide attachment sites for high-quality carbon materials, thereby facilitating the generation of high-quality carbon materials.

[0066] The device in the embodiment of the present invention also includes the pneumatic conveying module 106, which is connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed and can be used to input the fluidizing gas into the heating furnace to keep the solid particles and gas in a high temperature state in the heating furnace, so as to generate carbon-based materials under high temperature.

[0067] The first energy-consuming device in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to cool the first gas output by the fluidized bed; specifically, the first energy-consuming device can include but is not limited to heat exchangers, steam generators and other energy-consuming devices, which can absorb the heat of the first gas, thereby converting the high-temperature first gas into a medium-temperature first gas. The first gas in the embodiment of the present invention is a mixed gas output by the fluidized bed. In the embodiment of the present invention, by cooling the first gas, the gas after gasification of different elements in the fluidized bed can be re-condensed, thereby facilitating impurity removal.

[0068] The device in the embodiment of the present invention may also be provided with a filter 103 after the first energy-consuming device 102, and the filter 103 may be used to filter the dust entrained in the first gas, wherein the dust may include dust entrained by the fluidizing gas and solid impurity particles re-condensed after different elements in the solid particles are vaporized. Among them, the filter in the embodiment of the present invention may include but is not limited to any one of a bag filter, an electrostatic precipitator, and a wet electrostatic precipitator. The selection of the filter can be set based on the actual scenario of the embodiment of the present invention. Impurities in the preparation process can be reduced by removing impurities through the filter, thereby improving the purity of the prepared product.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, a compressor 104 may also be provided in the device, and the compressor may be used to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas, provide pressure to the fluidizing gas and transport it to the buffer tank.

[0070] The device in the embodiment of the present invention may also be provided with a buffer tank 105, which can be used to buffer compressed gas, and the function of the buffer tank is to balance the pipeline pressure. The buffered fluidizing gas can be transported to the fluidized bed again through the gas delivery module for the next round of reaction.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating furnace 12 includes electromagnetic heating modules 122 tightly arranged around the heating furnace; the electromagnetic heating modules 122 are used to make the temperature of the heating furnace range between 2250° C. and 3000° C. through electromagnetic heating.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating furnace includes a plurality of temperature meters 123 evenly distributed on the wall surface along the axial direction of the heating furnace. Figure 1a The temperature meter can be used to monitor the inner wall temperature of the heating furnace, so that the carbon-based material preparation device adjusts the frequency of the electromagnetic heating module according to the inner wall temperature, thereby ensuring that the temperature in the heating furnace maintains the working temperature.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating furnace 12 may further include an air distribution plate 124 arranged at the bottom of the heating furnace. The air distribution plate may be a high-porosity air distribution plate, and a cavity filled with solid particles is arranged under the air distribution plate 124; the air distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the gas passing through the fluidized bed.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, one or more separators may be arranged on the top of the material bin; the separators are used to separate solid particles entrained in the gas output from the fluidized bed.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present invention, air lock valves may be provided at the feed port and the discharge port to prevent gas leakage.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outside of the fluidized bed includes a thermal insulation layer, which can prevent heat exchange between the fluidized bed and the external environment, effectively insulate the fluidized bed, so that the temperature in the heating furnace is maintained at the reaction temperature, effectively ensuring the yield of carbon-based materials.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas delivered to the heating furnace by the pneumatic conveying module may be an inert gas. Specifically, Ar may be selected as the inert gas. When the inert gas is used as a fluidizing gas, it does not participate in the reaction in the heating furnace.

[0078] In another embodiment of the present invention, the gas delivered to the heating furnace by the pneumatic conveying module can be a carbon-rich gas, for example, a carbon-rich gas mixture such as CH4, C2H2, etc. The solid particles are solid carbonaceous particles or inert solid particles. In this case, high-quality carbon-based materials are prepared by pyrolysis of the carbon-rich gas, and a byproduct H2 can also be generated in the process of preparing the carbon-based materials. When using carbon-rich gas, while preparing the carbon-based materials, Figure 1a The device in the apparatus is used to purify the generated by-products and produce additional product hydrogen.

[0079] Reference Figure 1b , which is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing carbon-based materials by combining solid particles with carbon-rich gas. A hydrogen purification module 107 can be set between the filter 103 and the compressor 304, and the hydrogen purification module 106 includes a distillation tower 71 and a second energy-consuming device 72.

[0080] The second energy-consuming device is used to precool the first gas output from the filter, and transport the precooled first gas to the distillation tower, and exchange cold with the second gas output from the bottom of the distillation tower, and transport the second gas after exchanging cold to the compressor. The distillation tower is used to distill and purify the first gas, output purified hydrogen from the top, and output the second gas from the bottom.

[0081] Specifically, a three-way valve can be set between the distillation tower and the filter to achieve distillation and purification of hydrogen; the first end of the three-way valve is connected to the filter outlet, the second end of the three-way valve is connected to the distillation tower, the second end of the three-way valve is connected to the second energy-consuming equipment, and the second energy-consuming equipment is connected to the compressor.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present invention, a water pipeline is connected to the first energy-consuming equipment, the inlet of the water pipeline is connected to a cold water pump, the outlet of the water pipeline is connected to a steam pressure reducing station, and the steam pressure reducing station is connected to a steam turbine generator set; the cold water pump is used to provide cooling water for the first energy-consuming equipment; the first energy-consuming equipment is used to exchange heat between the first gas and the cooling water to obtain steam, and the steam; the steam pressure reducing station is used to reduce the pressure of the steam; the steam turbine generator set is used to use the reduced-pressure steam to generate steam.

[0083] Steam power generation can be achieved through the first energy-consuming equipment, cold water pump, steam pressure reducing station, and steam turbine generator set, and the heat energy carried by the gas at the outlet of the fluidized bed can be converted into electrical energy, and the electrical energy can be used for the operation of the entire device. For example, the electrical energy generated by steam power generation can be used for the electrical energy required in the electromagnetic heating process in the fluidized bed. This improves the utilization rate of energy, and the entire device can achieve continuous operation.

[0084] Reference Figure 2a , which is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing carbon-based materials from a solid carbon source in an embodiment of the present invention; the structure may include a fluidized bed composed of a material bin and a heating furnace, a filter, a heat exchanger, a compressor, a buffer tank, a pneumatic conveying device, a steam pressure reducing station, and a steam turbine generator set, wherein the fluidized bed is provided with an external insulation layer, a plurality of separators are provided at the top of the cavity, a feed port is provided on the side of the material bin for feeding the solid carbon source for preparing high-quality carbon-based materials, a gate valve is provided between the material bin and the heating furnace, the heating furnace contains an electromagnetic heating device, and a plurality of temperature meters, and is provided with a discharge port, a high-porosity air distribution plate is provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed, the air distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the inert gas Ar transported to the fluidized bed by the pneumatic conveying device, the cavity under the air distribution plate can be used to place solid particles, the type of solid particles can be set according to the actual scenario, and the air distribution plate can support the solid particles.

[0085] The process of preparing carbon-based materials based on the above device is as follows:

[0086] (1) Turn on the electromagnetic heating device of the heating furnace and maintain the temperature of the heating furnace in the range of 2250°C to 3000°C.

[0087] (2) The raw coal solid particles enter the material bin from the side feed port. After the gate valve is opened, the raw coal solid particles enter the heating furnace through the gate valve under the action of gravity.

[0088] (3) Turn on the pneumatic conveying device to keep the solid raw materials in the heating furnace in a fluidized state; the inert gas Ar enters the fluidized bed from the bottom of the heating furnace through the pneumatic conveying device.

[0089] (4) The carbon-based materials are purified by heating the raw coal solid particles in the heating furnace. The impurities enter the material bin along with the inert gas through the intermediate gate valve between the material bin and the heating furnace, and the purified high-quality carbon-based materials are output from the discharge port.

[0090] (5) The solid raw material particles entrained by the inert gas Ar and the impurities containing gasified different elements of the solid coal particles are separated from the solid raw material particles by the separator and then leave the material bin, and the carbon-based materials are output from the discharge port.

[0091] (6) After leaving the material bin, the high-temperature inert gas Ar exchanges heat with the heat exchanger (i.e., the first energy-consuming device). The inert gas Ar after the temperature is reduced contains impurity particles that are re-condensed after the different elements of the solid coal are vaporized. The low-temperature inert gas Ar passes through a bag filter to remove the entrained solid coal impurity particles and dust, and then is pressurized by a compressor and transported to the buffer tank. When the valve below the buffer tank is opened and the pneumatic conveying device is started, the gas in the buffer tank can be transported to the fluidized bed for the next round of fluidization.

[0092] Among them, the cooling water exchanges energy with the high-temperature inert gas Ar and then enters the steam pressure reduction station and steam generator set for thermoelectric conversion. The recovered electricity can be used by the entire system.

[0093] Reference Figure 2b , which is a schematic diagram of a device for preparing carbon-based materials from a gas carbon source in an embodiment of the present invention, and the structure may include a fluidized bed consisting of a material bin and a heating furnace, a filter, a heat exchanger 1, a compressor, a buffer tank, a pneumatic conveying device, a steam decompression station, a steam turbine generator set, a distillation tower, and a heat exchanger 2. Among them, the fluidized bed is provided with an external insulation layer, a plurality of separators are arranged at the top of the cavity, a feed port is arranged on the side of the material bin, a gate valve is arranged between the material bin and the heating furnace, the heating furnace contains an electromagnetic heating device, and a plurality of temperature meters, and is provided with a discharge port, a high-porosity air distribution plate is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed for evenly distributing carbon-rich gas, and the cavity under the air distribution plate can be used to place solid particles, and the type of the solid particles can be set according to the actual scene, and the air distribution plate can support the solid particles.

[0094] The process of preparing carbon-based materials based on the above device is as follows:

[0095] (1) Add solid particles into the material bin; open the gate valve between the material bin and the heating furnace;

[0096] (2) Turn on the electromagnetic heating device of the heating furnace to maintain the temperature of the heating furnace in the range of 2250°C to 3000°C;

[0097] (3) Turn on the pneumatic conveying device to keep the solid particles in the heating furnace in a fluidized state; the carbon-rich gas can enter from the bottom of the heating furnace through the pneumatic conveying device, and pyrolyze into H2 and pure carbon materials in the heating furnace, and the pure carbon materials are output from the discharge port.

[0098] Hydrogen and impurity gases generated during the heating process enter the material bin through the intermediate gate valve between the material bin and the heating furnace; the solid particles entrained in the mixed gas are separated by the separator and then leave the material bin.

[0099] (4) After leaving the material bin, the high-temperature mixed gas exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 1. After the temperature is lowered, the vaporized impurity gas is re-condensed into impurity particles, so that the impurity particles are mixed in the low-temperature mixed gas. The low-temperature mixed gas passes through the bag filter to remove the entrained solid impurity particles and dust and then enters the heat exchanger 2 for pre-cooling. The pre-cooled fluidized gas enters the distillation tower.

[0100] (5) The high value-added product H2 rich in the ultra-low temperature gas is recovered from the top of the distillation tower, and the ultra-low temperature gas liquefied at the bottom exchanges cold energy with the heat exchanger 2, is pressurized by the compressor and transported to the buffer tank. When the valve below the buffer tank is opened and the pneumatic conveying device is started, the gas in the buffer tank can be transported to the fluidized bed for the next round of fluidization.

[0101] Among them, the cooling water exchanges energy with the high-temperature gas and then enters the steam pressure reducing station and steam generator set for thermoelectric conversion. The recovered electricity can be used by the entire system.

[0102] Reference Figure 3 , showing a flow chart of steps of a carbon-based material preparation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method is applied to a carbon-based material preparation device, the device comprising: a fluidized bed, a first energy-consuming device connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a filter connected to the first energy-consuming device, a compressor for compressing gas, a buffer tank connected to the outlet of the compressor, a pneumatic conveying module connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed comprising a material bin located at the upper part of the fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace for heating the lower part of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin is provided with a feed inlet, the heating furnace is provided with a discharge outlet, the material bin and the heating furnace are connected via a gate valve;

[0103] The fluidized bed is used to feed solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, open the gate valve to allow the solid particles to enter the heating furnace, heat the solid particles and the gas introduced into the fluidized bed in the heating furnace to obtain carbon-based materials, and output the carbon-based materials through the discharge port;

[0104] The pneumatic conveying module is used to input gas into the heating furnace;

[0105] The first energy-consuming device is used to cool the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0106] The filter is used to filter dust entrained in the first gas;

[0107] The compressor is used to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas;

[0108] The buffer tank is used to buffer the compressed gas so as to transport the compressed gas to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

[0109] The preparation method based on the above-mentioned carbon-based material preparation device may specifically include the following steps:

[0110] Step S301, feeding solid carbonaceous particles into the material bin through the feed port, and opening the gate valve to allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace;

[0111] Step S302, inputting an inert gas into the heating furnace, and heating the solid carbonaceous particles in the heating furnace, so that the solid carbonaceous particles are kept in a fluidized state in the heating furnace and generate carbon-based materials, and the carbon-based materials are output through the discharge port;

[0112] Step S303, using a first energy-consuming device to cool down the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0113] Step S304, using a filter to filter dust entrained in the first gas;

[0114] Step S305, compressing the filtered first gas using the compressor to obtain compressed gas;

[0115] Step S306, buffering the compressed gas in the buffer tank, and delivering the compressed gas in the buffer tank to the fluidized bed through the gas delivery module.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present invention, solid carbonaceous particles are put into the material bin through the feed port, and the gate valve is opened to allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace; an inert gas is input into the heating furnace, and the solid carbonaceous particles are heated in the heating furnace, so that the solid carbonaceous particles remain in a fluidized state in the heating furnace and generate carbon-based materials, and the carbon-based materials are output through the discharge port; the first energy-using equipment is used to cool the first gas output by the fluidized bed; the dust entrained in the first gas is filtered by a filter; the filtered first gas is compressed by the compressor to obtain compressed gas; the compressed gas is buffered in the buffer tank, and the compressed gas in the buffer tank is transported to the fluidized bed through the gas delivery module. Thus, the continuous preparation of carbon-based materials by heating the solid carbon source in the fluidized bed is achieved, and the preparation cost of the preparation method is low.

[0117] Reference Figure 4 , showing a flow chart of steps of another carbon-based material preparation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method is applied to a carbon-based material preparation device, the device comprising: a fluidized bed, a first energy-consuming device connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a filter connected to the first energy-consuming device, a compressor for compressing gas, a buffer tank connected to the outlet of the compressor, a pneumatic conveying module connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed comprising a material bin located at the upper part of the fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace for heating the lower part of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin is provided with a feed inlet, the heating furnace is provided with a discharge outlet, the material bin and the heating furnace are connected via a gate valve;

[0118] The fluidized bed is used to feed solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, open the gate valve to allow the solid particles to enter the heating furnace, heat the solid particles and the gas introduced into the fluidized bed in the heating furnace to obtain carbon-based materials, and output the carbon-based materials through the discharge port;

[0119] The pneumatic conveying module is used to input gas into the heating furnace;

[0120] The first energy-consuming device is used to cool the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0121] The filter is used to filter dust entrained in the first gas;

[0122] The compressor is used to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas;

[0123] The buffer tank is used to buffer the compressed gas and transport the compressed gas to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

[0124] The preparation method based on the above-mentioned carbon-based material preparation device may specifically include the following steps:

[0125] Step S401, feeding solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, and opening the gate valve to allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace;

[0126] Step S402, inputting the carbon-rich gas into the heating furnace, pyrolyzing the carbon-rich gas in the heating furnace to generate carbon-based materials, and outputting the carbon-based materials through the discharge port;

[0127] Step S403, using a first energy-consuming device to cool down the first gas output from the fluidized bed;

[0128] Step S404, using a filter to filter dust entrained in the first gas;

[0129] Step S405, compressing the filtered first gas using the compressor to obtain compressed gas;

[0130] Step S406, buffering the compressed gas in the buffer tank, and delivering the compressed gas in the buffer tank to the fluidized bed through the gas delivery module.

[0131] In one embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen purification module is arranged between the filter and the compressor, and the hydrogen purification module includes a distillation tower and a second energy-consuming device, the second energy-consuming device is used to precool the first gas output by the filter, and transport the precooled first gas to the distillation tower, and exchange cold with the second gas output from the bottom of the distillation tower, and transport the second gas after the exchange of cold to the compressor, the distillation tower is used to distill and purify the first gas, output purified hydrogen from the top, and output the second gas from the bottom.

[0132] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a second energy-consuming device can be used to precool the first gas output by the filter, and the precooled first gas is transported to the distillation tower for distillation and purification, and the purified hydrogen is obtained from the top of the distillation tower.

[0133] In an embodiment of the present invention, solid particles are added to the material bin through the feed port, and the gate valve is opened to allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace; the carbon-rich gas is input into the heating furnace, and the carbon-rich gas is pyrolyzed in the heating furnace to generate carbon-based materials, and the carbon-based materials are output through the discharge port; the first energy-using equipment is used to cool the first gas output by the fluidized bed; the dust entrained in the first gas is filtered by a filter; the filtered first gas is compressed by the compressor to obtain compressed gas; the compressed gas is buffered in the buffer tank, and the compressed gas in the buffer tank is transported to the fluidized bed through the gas delivery module. Thus, the carbon-rich gas is pyrolyzed in the fluidized bed to continuously prepare carbon-based materials, thereby reducing the preparation cost of carbon-based materials.

[0134] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the method embodiments are described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the embodiments of the present invention, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0135] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which may include a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the above carbon-based material preparation method is implemented.

[0136] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above carbon-based material preparation method is implemented.

[0137] As for the method embodiment, since it is basically similar to the device embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0138] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, devices, or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0140] The embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device generate a device for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and / or one box or multiple boxes in the block diagram.

[0141] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0142] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable terminal device to produce computer-implemented processing, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable terminal device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0143] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the elements.

[0145] The above is a detailed introduction to a method and device for preparing a carbon-based material. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon-based material preparation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a fluidized bed, a first energy-consuming device connected to the top of the fluidized bed, a filter connected to the first energy-consuming device, a compressor for compressing gas, a buffer tank connected to the outlet of the compressor, and a pneumatic conveying module connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed comprises a material bin located at the upper part of the fluidized bed cavity and a heating furnace for heating the lower part of the fluidized bed cavity, the material bin is provided with a feed inlet, the heating furnace is provided with a discharge outlet, and the material bin and the heating furnace are connected via a gate valve; The fluidized bed is used to feed solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, open the gate valve to allow the solid particles to enter the heating furnace, heat the solid particles and the gas introduced into the fluidized bed in the heating furnace to obtain carbon-based materials, and output the carbon-based materials through the discharge port; The pneumatic conveying module is used to input gas into the heating furnace; The first energy-consuming device is used to cool the first gas output from the fluidized bed; The filter is used to filter dust entrained in the first gas; The compressor is used to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas; The buffer tank is used to buffer the compressed gas and transport the compressed gas to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas transported to the heating furnace by the pneumatic transport module is an inert gas, and the solid particles are solid carbonaceous particles.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas transported to the heating furnace by the pneumatic transport module is a carbon-rich gas, and the solid particles are solid carbonaceous particles or inert solid particles; a hydrogen purification module is arranged between the filter and the compressor, and the hydrogen purification module includes a distillation tower and a second energy-consuming device; The second energy-using device is used to precool the first gas output from the filter, and transport the precooled first gas to the distillation tower, and exchange cold energy with the second gas output from the bottom of the distillation tower, and transport the second gas after exchanging cold energy to the compressor; The distillation tower is used to distill and purify the first gas, output purified hydrogen from the top, and output the second gas from the bottom.

4. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A water pipeline is connected to the first energy-consuming equipment, the inlet of the water pipeline is connected to a cold water pump, the outlet of the water pipeline is connected to a steam pressure reducing station, and the steam pressure reducing station is connected to a steam turbine generator set; The cooling water pump is used to provide cooling water for the first energy-consuming equipment; The first energy-consuming device is used to exchange heat between the first gas and the cooling water to obtain steam, and to convert the steam into steam; The steam decompression station is used to decompress the steam; The steam turbine generator set is used for generating steam power by using the decompressed steam.

5. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The heating furnace comprises electromagnetic heating modules which are closely arranged around the heating furnace; The electromagnetic heating module is used to make the temperature of the heating furnace range between 2250°C and 3000°C through electromagnetic heating.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating furnace comprises a plurality of temperature meters evenly distributed on a wall surface along an axial direction of the heating furnace; The temperature meter is used to monitor the inner wall temperature of the heating furnace so that the carbon-based material preparation device adjusts the frequency of the electromagnetic heating module according to the inner wall temperature.

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating furnace comprises an air distribution plate at the bottom of the heating furnace, and a cavity filled with solid particles is arranged below the air distribution plate; The air distribution plate is used to evenly distribute the gas passing through the fluidized bed.

8. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: One or more separators are arranged on the top of the material bin; The separator is used to separate solid particles entrained in the gas output from the fluidized bed.

9. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The feed port and the discharge port are provided with air lock valves.

10. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The material bin and the heating furnace are provided with a heat-insulating layer.

11. A method for preparing a carbon-based material, characterized in that: Applied to the device described in any one of claims 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, the method comprises: Put solid carbonaceous particles into the material bin through the feed port, and open the gate valve to allow the solid carbonaceous particles to enter the heating furnace; Introducing an inert gas into the heating furnace and heating the solid carbonaceous particles in the heating furnace, so that the solid carbonaceous particles are kept in a fluidized state in the heating furnace and generate carbon-based materials, and outputting the carbon-based materials through the discharge port; Using a first energy-consuming device to cool down the first gas output from the fluidized bed; Using a filter to filter the dust entrained in the first gas; Using the compressor to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas; The compressed gas is buffered in the buffer tank, and the compressed gas in the buffer tank is transported to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

12. A method for preparing a carbon-based material, characterized in that: Applied to the device described in any one of claims 1 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, the method comprises: Put solid particles into the material bin through the feed port, and open the gate valve to allow the solid particles to enter the heating furnace; Inputting the carbon-rich gas into the heating furnace, pyrolyzing the carbon-rich gas in the heating furnace to generate carbon-based materials, and outputting the carbon-based materials through the discharge port; Using a first energy-consuming device to cool down the first gas output from the fluidized bed; Using a filter to filter the dust entrained in the first gas; Using the compressor to compress the filtered first gas to obtain compressed gas; The compressed gas is buffered in the buffer tank, and the compressed gas in the buffer tank is transported to the fluidized bed through the gas transport module.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that Also includes: A second energy-consuming device is used to precool the first gas output from the filter, and the precooled first gas is transported to the distillation tower for distillation and purification, and purified hydrogen is obtained from the top of the distillation tower.

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