Reaction container with high safety

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reaction container processing, in particular to a high-safety reaction container which comprises a kettle body, a kettle cover covering the kettle body and a stirring device installed on the kettle cover and further comprises a pressure relief device, an energy storage buffer device, a circulating cooling pipe and a driving device, and the pressure relief device is installed on the kettle cover in a communicated mode; the output end of the energy storage buffer device is unidirectionally connected to the bottom of the kettle body; the circulating cooling pipe is provided with a cooling section and a heat exchange section, and the heat exchange section is arranged in the energy storage buffer device; the driving device comprises a communicating pipe and a driving impeller rotatably mounted in the communicating pipe, and a driving shaft of the driving impeller penetrates out of the communicating pipe and is connected with a driving mechanism; one end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the pressure relief end of the pressure relief device, and the other end is communicated with the input end of the energy storage buffer device. The reaction container with high safety can directly release pressure in case of overpressure and can recover the pressure-released gas or gas-liquid mixture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reaction containers, and in particular to a reaction container with high safety. Background Art

[0002] At present, reaction vessels generally refer to reactors, which are containers that can undergo physical or chemical reactions. When different materials are mixed and reacted in a reactor, it is generally a process of heat release and pressurization, which will cause the pressure in the reactor to rise sharply. If the reactor cannot release pressure in time, the entire reactor will explode.

[0003] In view of such a situation, a pressure relief valve is generally provided on the reactor, and the pressure relief valve is used to relieve the pressure of the entire reactor. For example, the patent with publication number CN106111018B discloses a pressure relief reactor for the preparation of entecavir, and the pressure relief reactor relieves the pressure of the entire reactor body through a pressure relief device. However, the pressure relief device discharges the pressure outward, and the decompressed gas or gas-liquid mixture is directly discharged to the outside, which not only pollutes the environment, but also the discharged gas or gas-liquid mixture basically contains reactants, and direct discharge at this time will waste raw materials. Therefore, a reaction vessel that can not only achieve pressure relief, but also achieve material recovery is used to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome one of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe reaction container, which can directly release pressure when over-pressure occurs and can recover the released gas or gas-liquid mixture.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A highly safe reaction container comprises a kettle body, a kettle cover sealed on the kettle body and a stirring device installed on the kettle cover, wherein the stirring end of the stirring device is placed in the kettle body, and further comprises a pressure relief device, an energy storage buffer device, a circulating cooling pipe and a driving device, wherein the pressure relief device is connected and installed on the kettle cover; the output end of the energy storage buffer device is unidirectionally connected to the bottom of the kettle body; the circulating cooling pipe has a cooling section and a heat exchange section, wherein the heat exchange section is placed in the energy storage buffer device; the driving device comprises a connecting pipe and a driving impeller rotatably installed in the connecting pipe, wherein the driving shaft of the driving impeller passes through the connecting pipe and is connected to a driving mechanism; one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the pressure relief end of the pressure relief device, and the other end is connected to the input end of the energy storage buffer device; the driving mechanism is used to drive the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe to flow; when the pressure relief device is opened, the pressure relief device can open the circulating cooling pipe and the pressure fluid discharged from the pressure relief end of the pressure relief device can drive the driving mechanism to operate, so that the circulating cooling pipe can perform heat exchange cooling on the energy storage buffer device.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a shell, a flow channel arranged in the shell, and a driving blade rotatably installed in the flow channel, the driving shaft of the driving impeller passes through the shell and is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving blade, the shell is installed on the kettle cover or connected to the connecting pipe, and the two ends of the flow channel are connected to the two ends of the circulating cooling pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, an L-shaped portion is provided on the connecting pipe, the axis of the driving shaft of the driving impeller is coaxially arranged with either end of the L-shaped portion and can rotatably pass through the side wall of the connecting pipe, the flow channel is L-shaped, the outer end of the driving shaft of the driving impeller is arranged parallel to the rotating axis of the driving blade, and the rotating shaft and the driving shaft are meshed and connected by a speed change gear set.

[0009] Furthermore, a switching mechanism is provided on the circulating cooling pipe, and the switching device can turn the circulating cooling pipe on and off. A resettable valve core is provided in the pressure relief device. When the pressure in the kettle body can open the valve core and release pressure into the energy storage buffer device, the valve core can drive the switching mechanism to operate so that the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe can flow.

[0010] Furthermore, the switching mechanism includes a switching valve, a swing arm with one end connected to the operating end of the switching valve, and a connecting rod hinged to the outward end of the swing arm. The connecting rod moves through the pressure relief device through a driving rod and is connected to the valve core. The movement direction of the driving rod is the same as the movement direction of the valve core. The switching valve is arranged on the circulating cooling pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the circulating cooling pipe is connected to a heat sink, a plurality of heat sink fins are arranged on the outer side of the heat sink, and the heat sink is located in the cooling section.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure relief device includes a seat body, a valve core and a return spring, an open cavity is provided in the seat body, the seat body is mounted on the kettle cover and communicated with the interior of the kettle body, the valve core is movably inserted in the open cavity, a sealing portion is provided on one end of the valve core located at the opening of the open cavity, the return spring is movably sleeved on the end of the valve core away from the opening of the open cavity and both ends are respectively abutted against the end face of the sealing portion and the inner wall of the open cavity, a pressure relief port is provided on the open cavity, the sealing portion can seal the pressure relief port, and the pressure relief port is communicated with the inlet end of the connecting pipe; a switch mechanism is provided on the circulating cooling pipe, the switch mechanism can turn on and off the circulating cooling pipe, and the back side of the valve core movably passes through the seat body through a driving rod and is hinged to the driving end of the switch mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy storage buffer device includes a heat exchange box and an accumulator, the heat exchange box is connected to the output end of the connecting pipe, the heat exchange box and the accumulator are connected through a pipeline, the accumulator is connected to the bottom of the kettle body through a pipeline, the pipeline between the heat exchange box and the accumulator and the pipeline between the accumulator and the kettle body are both provided with a one-way valve, and the heat exchange section is wound or serpentinely arranged in the heat exchange box.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure relief valve is provided on any one of the accumulator, the heat exchange box and the pipeline, and the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief valve is much greater than the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief device.

[0015] Furthermore, the accumulator includes a cylinder body and a piston head movably inserted in the cylinder body, and the same end of the cylinder body is connected to the kettle body and the heat exchange box through the pipeline respectively; a piston rod is arranged on the piston head, and the piston rod movably passes through the cylinder body at one end outward, and a shell part is arranged on the end of the cylinder body where the piston rod passes through, a threaded section is arranged on the piston rod, a worm gear is screwed on the threaded section, a worm gear that can be rotatably mounted to cooperate with the worm gear is arranged on the shell part, one end of the worm gear passes through the shell part outward and is connected to an operating arm; a limit cover for limiting the worm gear is arranged on the shell part, and a thrust ball bearing for abutting against one side of the worm gear is arranged on the limit cover, a plug rod is movably inserted on the shell part, and the plug rod can only move along its length direction, a ratchet is arranged on the end of the plug rod located in the shell part, and a ratchet tooth that cooperates with the ratchet tooth is arranged on one side of the worm gear.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] A highly safe reaction vessel of the present invention is improved on the basis of an existing reactor, and a pressure relief device is used to maintain the normal reaction pressure in the reactor. Only when the reaction pressure in the reactor exceeds the safety threshold, the pressure relief device is opened, and the pressure is relieved to the energy storage buffer device. The energy storage buffer device is used to recycle the discharged gas or gas-liquid mixture, and at the same time, the pollution to the environment can be effectively reduced, killing two birds with one stone. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas or gas-liquid mixture discharged by the energy storage buffer device is used by a circulating cooling pipe, and the gas or gas-liquid mixture discharged by the energy storage buffer device drives the driving device, so that the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe can circulate, and continuous heat exchange is achieved.

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief device and the circulating cooling pipe in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a driving device in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the internal structure of the accumulator in the improved implementation of the present invention.

[0025] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0026] Kettle body 10, kettle cover 20, stirring device 30, pressure relief device 40, valve core 41, seat body 42, return spring 43, open cavity 44, blocking part 45, pressure relief port 46, energy storage buffer device 50, heat exchange box 51, cylinder body 52, pipeline 53, one-way valve 54, accumulator 55, piston head 56, piston rod 57, outer shell 58, worm gear 59, worm 5a, operating arm 5b, limit sealing cover 5c, plug rod 5d, ratchet 5e, ratchet 5f, circulating cooling pipe 60, cooling section 61, heat exchange section 62, switch valve 63, swing arm 64, connecting rod 65, driving rod 66, heat dissipation box 67, driving device 70, connecting pipe 71, driving impeller 72, shell 73, flow passage 74, driving blade 75, L-shaped part 76, speed change gear set 77. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 6 The present application provides a highly safe reaction vessel, comprising a kettle body 10, a kettle cover 20 sealed on the kettle body 10, and a stirring device 30 installed on the kettle cover 20, wherein the stirring end of the stirring device 30 is placed in the kettle body 10, and further comprising a pressure relief device 40, an energy storage buffer device 50, a circulating cooling pipe 60 and a driving device 70, wherein the pressure relief device 40 is connected and installed on the kettle cover 20; the output end of the energy storage buffer device 50 is unidirectionally connected to the bottom of the kettle body 10; the circulating cooling pipe 60 has a cooling section 61 and a heat exchange section 62, wherein the heat exchange section 62 is placed in the energy storage buffer device 50; the driving device 70 comprises a connecting pipe 71 and a heat exchange section 62 which can be turned A driving impeller 72 is movably installed in the connecting pipe 71, and the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 passes through the connecting pipe 71 and is connected to a driving mechanism; one end of the connecting pipe 71 is connected to the pressure relief end of the pressure relief device 40, and the other end is connected to the input end of the energy storage buffer device 50; the driving mechanism is used to drive the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe 60 to flow; when the pressure relief device 40 is turned on, the pressure relief device 40 can open the circulating cooling pipe 60 and the pressure fluid discharged from the pressure relief end of the pressure relief device 40 can drive the driving mechanism to operate, so that the circulating cooling pipe 60 can perform heat exchange cooling on the energy storage buffer device 50.

[0029] In the present application, the kettle body 10 and the kettle cover 20 are both conventional structures, and the two can be connected in a hinged manner, and then the circumference between the two can be locked by bolts. The stirring device 30 is a conventional motor-driven stirring blade structure, which can adopt the structure of patent CN107774215A-a dual-motor mixed stirring reactor or CN117299035A-a reactor stirring structure, which is not described in detail in this application. The pressure relief device 40 can be an improved solution of the structure in patent CN 220990754 U-a reactor pressure relief mechanism, as long as the drive device 70 is connected to its air outlet, which is not described in detail in this application.

[0030] It should be noted that the main purpose of using the pressure relief device 40 to turn on and off the circulating cooling pipe 60 in this application is that in the actual use process, when the circulating cooling pipe 60 is connected to the external heat exchange system, if the circulating cooling pipe 60 exchanges heat with the energy storage buffer device 50 in real time, and there is no material to be cooled in the energy storage buffer device 50, this will waste part of the capacity of the entire heat exchange system and increase power consumption. If the circulating cooling pipe 60 is an annular closed-circuit pipeline, the effect of the pressure relief device 40 for turning on and off the circulating cooling pipe 60 is not very obvious. Although it can also turn on and off the flow of the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe 60, the energy storage buffer device 50 basically dissipates very little heat to the outside during actual use. Therefore, at this time, the circulating cooling pipe 60 does not have the pressure relief device 40 turned on and off, and it will not accelerate the heat dissipation of the energy storage buffer device 50 to the outside. Therefore, in this use case, the pressure relief device 40 can no longer be designed with a structure to turn on and off the circulating cooling pipe 60.

[0031] In addition, in the present application, the energy storage buffer device 50 can be installed on the kettle cover 20 or on the outer wall of the kettle body 10. In the present application, it is preferably installed on the outer wall of the kettle body 10, so that the circulating cooling pipe 60 and the connecting pipe 71 need to be partially hoses, which is convenient for the kettle cover 20 to be opened relative to the kettle body 10, and this situation is suitable for the hinged connection between the kettle cover 20 and the kettle body 10. Of course, in some improved embodiments, the circulating cooling pipe 60 and the connecting pipe 71 are also provided with quick connectors, and such a setting can make the kettle cover 20 detachable relative to the kettle body 10.

[0032] The high-safety reaction vessel is improved on the basis of the existing reactor. The normal reaction pressure in the reactor is maintained by the pressure relief device 40. Only when the reaction pressure in the reactor exceeds the safety threshold, the pressure relief device 40 is opened and the pressure is released to the energy storage buffer device 50. The energy storage buffer device 50 is used to recycle and utilize the discharged gas or gas-liquid mixture, and at the same time, the pollution to the environment can be effectively reduced, killing two birds with one stone. The circulating cooling pipe 60 is used to cool the gas or gas-liquid mixture in the energy storage buffer device 50, and then the pressure in the energy storage buffer device 50 can be reduced, so that the energy storage buffer device 50 can receive more high-temperature and high-pressure gas or gas-liquid mixture discharged by the pressure relief device 40. At the same time, the energy storage buffer device 50 cools the received gas or gas-liquid mixture and then discharges it into the kettle body 10, so that the material is reused and the production cost is reduced. The gas or gas-liquid mixture discharged by the pressure relief device 40 is used to drive the driving device 70, so that the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe 60 can circulate and realize continuous heat exchange.

[0033] See also Figures 2 to 4In order to better relieve pressure and realize the on-off of the circulating cooling pipe 60, in one embodiment of the present application, the pressure relief device 40 includes a seat body 42, a valve core 41 and a return spring 43. An open cavity 44 is arranged in the seat body 42. The seat body 42 is mounted on the kettle cover 20 and communicates with the inside of the kettle body 10. The valve core 41 is movably inserted in the open cavity 44. A sealing portion 45 is arranged on one end of the valve core 41 located at the opening of the open cavity 44. The return spring 43 is movably sleeved on the valve core 41. The open cavity 44 is provided with a pressure relief port 46 at one end away from the opening of the open cavity 44 and at both ends thereof respectively abutting against the end face of the sealing portion 45 and the inner wall of the open cavity 44. The sealing portion 45 can seal the pressure relief port 46. The pressure relief port 46 is connected with the inlet end of the connecting pipe 71. The circulating cooling pipe 60 is provided with a switch mechanism, which can switch on and off the circulating cooling pipe 60. The back side of the valve core 41 is movable through the driving rod 66 to pass through the seat body 42 and is hinged to the driving end of the switch mechanism.

[0034] Among them, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the open cavity 44 is actually connected to the space inside the kettle body 10. At the same time, the seat body 42 is screwed on the kettle cover 20 by threads, which is convenient for later disassembly and assembly. In actual use, a structure for limiting the valve core 41 is provided in the open cavity 44, such as a limit cylinder structure, and a detachable cover structure is provided on the bottom of the open cavity 44, which is convenient for the installation of the valve core 41 and the reset spring 43, and the end of the valve core 41 away from the blocking part 45 is movably inserted on the cover. The driving rod 66 actually moves through the cover and connects to the input end of the switch mechanism. When the pressure in the reactor is greater than the preset value, the pressure gas will push the valve core 41, and the reset spring 43 is compressed. At this time, the blocking part 45 no longer blocks the pressure relief port 46. At this time, the pressure gas in the reactor can enter the connecting pipe 71 through the open cavity 44 and the pressure relief port 46; at the same time, the valve core 41 drives the switch mechanism to operate to open the circulating cooling pipe 60.

[0035] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5In order to facilitate better driving of the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe 60 to flow better, in one embodiment of the present application, the driving mechanism includes a housing 73, a flow passage 74 arranged in the housing 73, and a driving blade 75 rotatably mounted in the flow passage 74, the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 passes through the housing 73 and is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75, the housing 73 is mounted on the kettle cover 20 or connected to the connecting pipe 71, and the two ends of the flow passage 74 are connected to the two ends of the circulating cooling pipe 60. Among them, the simplest installation method of the driving blade 75 is that the flow passage 74 is arranged in parallel with the connecting pipe 71, the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 and the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75 share the same shaft, and the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the flow passage 74 and the connecting pipe 71, so that the driving blade 75 and the driving impeller 72 are not facing the corresponding fluid directly, and the driving effect is not good at this time, but the driving can also be achieved. Of course, in some embodiments, the flow channel 74 and the connecting pipe 71 can be deformed so that the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 and the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75 are parallel to the axial direction of the connecting pipe 71 and the flow channel 74, respectively, so that the driving impeller 72 and the driving blade 75 can be subjected to greater force.

[0036] In an improved embodiment of the present application, in order to increase the force of the entire pressure relief fluid on the driving impeller 72 and facilitate the arrangement of the direction of the driving blade 75, the outer end of the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75, and the force exerted by the pressure relief fluid flowing in the connecting pipe 71 on the axial direction of the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 and the force exerted by the cooling fluid flowing in the flow passage 74 on the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75 are arranged in opposite or opposite directions. In this embodiment, the connecting pipe 71 and the flow passage 74 can be arranged in an L shape to realize the above structural design, and at this time, the driving blade 75 and the driving impeller 72 can share the same shaft.

[0037] See also Figure 5In an improved embodiment of the present application, the driving blade 75 and the driving impeller 72 can share the same shaft. Although such a design can simplify the structure, the rotation speed of the two cannot be adjusted during actual use. Generally speaking, since both ends of the flow channel 74 are connected to the circulating cooling pipe 60, in order to improve the efficiency of heat exchange, the flow rate of the cooling fluid in the flow channel 74 can be increased to a certain extent, and the heat dissipation effect can be improved. Therefore, in another embodiment of the present application, an L-shaped portion 76 is provided on the connecting pipe 71, and the axis of the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 is coaxially arranged with either end of the L-shaped portion 76 and can rotatably pass through the side wall of the connecting pipe 71. The flow channel 74 is L-shaped, and the outer end of the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72 is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75, and the rotating shaft and the driving shaft are meshed and connected through a speed change gear set 77. The speed change gear set 77 is used to adjust the rotation speed between the rotating shaft of the driving blade 75 and the driving shaft of the driving impeller 72, so as to adapt to different working conditions. At the same time, such a design allows the rotating shaft and the driving shaft to be arranged without being coaxial, thus reducing the difficulty of installation.

[0038] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present application, a valve core 41 capable of being reset is provided in the pressure relief device 40. When the pressure in the kettle body 10 can break open the valve core 41 and release pressure into the energy storage buffer device 50, the valve core 41 can drive the switch mechanism to operate so that the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe 60 flows. The switch mechanism includes a switch valve 63, a swing arm 64 connected to the operating end of the switch valve 63 at one end, and a connecting rod 65 hinged to the outer end of the swing arm 64. The connecting rod 65 moves through the pressure relief device 40 and is connected to the valve core 41 through a driving rod 66. The movement direction of the driving rod 66 is the same as the movement direction of the valve core 41. The switch valve 63 is provided on the circulating cooling pipe 60. The switch valve 63 can be a conventional knob valve, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate. When the valve core 41 is pushed open by the pressure fluid in the reactor, the driving rod 66 can be driven to move outward. At this time, the driving rod 66 pushes the swing arm 64 through the connecting rod 65, and the swing arm 64 pushes the operating end of the switch valve 63, that is, the rotation center, to rotate, thereby opening the switch valve 63. Of course, in actual use, when the pressure in the reactor returns to normal, the reset spring 43 pushes the valve core 41 to reset, and also drives the switch valve 63 to close through the driving rod 66, the connecting rod 65, the swing arm 64 and other structures.

[0039] See also Figure 3In one embodiment of the present application, in order to better dissipate the heat of the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe 60 and accumulate a certain amount of cooled fluid to ensure the cooling effect in the later stage, the circulating cooling pipe 60 is connected to a heat sink 67, and a plurality of heat sink fins are arranged on the outer side of the heat sink 67, and the heat sink 67 is located in the cooling section 61.

[0040] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present application, the energy storage buffer device 50 includes a heat exchange box 51 and an accumulator 55. The heat exchange box 51 is connected to the output end of the connecting pipe 71. The heat exchange box 51 and the accumulator 55 are connected through a pipeline 53. The accumulator 55 is connected to the bottom of the kettle body 10 through the pipeline 53. The pipeline 53 between the heat exchange box 51 and the accumulator 55 and the pipeline 53 between the accumulator 55 and the kettle body 10 are both provided with a one-way valve 54. The heat exchange section 62 is wound or serpentinely penetrated in the heat exchange box 51. Among them, the accumulator 55 can be a conventional balloon accumulator, and it is unidirectionally connected to the bottom of the kettle body 10. Such a design ensures that under normal reaction conditions, the reactants in the kettle body 10 will not reversely enter the accumulator 55 through the pipeline 53; and the cooled materials or gases in the accumulator 55 can be discharged into the kettle body 10 under the action of external force to achieve recycling and reuse.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to ensure the overall structural safety, in one embodiment of the present application, a pressure relief valve is provided on any one of the accumulator 55, the heat exchange box 51, and the pipeline 53, and the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief valve is much greater than the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief device 40. Among them, the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief valve is at least six times greater than the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief device 40. The main reason is that after the heat exchange box 51 in the present application receives the pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixture discharged by the connecting pipe 71, these pressure relief gases or gas-liquid mixtures will be cooled in the heat exchange box 51, and their pressure will continue to decrease, and then they can continue to receive new pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixtures. At the same time, there is an accumulator 55. In the conventional setting, the entire accumulator 55 and the heat exchange box 51 can at least receive at least five times the volume of pressure relief gas or gas-liquid. At this time, the entire energy storage buffer device 50 can receive at least one-third of the volume of the reactor. Pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixture with the same pressure. Therefore, in actual use, the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief valve needs to be used according to the actual usage conditions, but its pressure relief pressure must be lower than the ultimate safety threshold pressure of the entire reactor.

[0042] See also Figure 6In an improved embodiment of the present application, in order to subsequently re-introduce the cooled materials or reactants inside the accumulator 55 into the kettle body 10 after the normal reaction pressure is restored or the reaction is about to be cooled, if the accumulator 55 of the present application adopts a balloon accumulator 55, then in the later stage, after the reaction is almost over, it is necessary to manually squeeze the balloon accumulator 55 to squeeze the materials or reactants inside into the kettle body 10. Of course, in some embodiments, in order to reduce the difficulty of introduction, the present application provides an accumulator 55 structure that is easy to operate. The accumulator 55 comprises a cylinder body 52 and a piston head 56 movably inserted in the cylinder body 52. ​​The same end of the cylinder body 52 is connected to the kettle body 10 and the heat exchange box 51 through the pipeline 53 respectively. A piston rod 57 is arranged on the piston head 56. One end of the piston rod 57 movably passes through the cylinder body 52. ​​An outer shell 58 is arranged on the end of the cylinder body 52 where the piston rod 57 passes through. A threaded section is arranged on the piston rod 57. A worm gear 59 is screwed on the threaded section. A worm 5a that can be rotatably mounted to cooperate with the worm gear 59 is arranged on the outer shell 58. One end of the worm 5a passes through the outer shell 58 outwardly and is connected to an operating arm 5b. A limit cover 5c for limiting the worm gear 59 is arranged on the outer shell 58. A thrust ball bearing for abutting against one side of the worm gear 59 is arranged on the limit cover 5c. Among them, the worker can drive the worm 5a to rotate through the operating arm 5b, and then drive the worm wheel 59 to rotate, and the worm wheel 59 can make the piston rod 57 push the piston head 56 through the cooperation of the threaded section to inject the depressurized gas or gas-liquid mixture in the cylinder 52 into the kettle body 10 under high pressure. Since the cylinder 52 and the kettle body 10, and the cylinder 52 and the heat exchange box 51 are all set in one direction, it can be avoided that the depressurized gas or gas-liquid mixture in the cylinder 52 flows back into the heat exchange box 51 during the process of driving the piston head 56. In actual use, by repeating the squeezing operation several times, most of the depressurized gas or gas-liquid mixture in the heat exchange box 51 and the pipeline 53 can be squeezed into the kettle body 10, so that the depressurized gas or gas-liquid mixture is recycled and reused, reducing waste.

[0043] In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, an insertion rod 5d is movably inserted into the outer shell portion 58, and the insertion rod 5d can only move along its length direction. A ratchet 5e is provided on one end of the insertion rod 5d located in the outer shell portion 58, and a ratchet 5f cooperating with the ratchet 5e is provided on one side of the worm gear 59. Such an arrangement can prevent the piston head 56 from being pressed and pushing back to press the worm gear 59 to flip during the extrusion process, thereby ensuring that the position of the piston head 56 is locked. In addition, when the worker wants to retract the piston head 56 to allow the cylinder body 52 to expand again, he only needs to pull out the rod 5d. At this time, the ratchet 5e loses its restriction on the ratchet 5f. The worker can then safely turn the worm 5a, and the piston rod 57 with a threaded section gradually extends outward, thereby driving the piston head 56 to retract outward. At this time, the cylinder body 52 is successfully restored. At this time, since the pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixture has been squeezed out of the cylinder body 52, the pressure inside the cylinder body 52 is much lower than that in the heat exchange box 51. At this time, the pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixture in the heat exchange box 51 and the pressure relief device 40 will enter the cylinder body 52 again until the internal pressures of the above-mentioned structures are uniformly balanced. At this time, the pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixture in the cylinder body 52 can be squeezed for the second time, thereby realizing the pressure relief gas or gas-liquid mixture remaining in the heat exchange box 51, the cylinder body 52 and the pressure relief device 40 is injected into the kettle body 10 for recycling.

[0044] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly safe reaction vessel, comprising a kettle body, a kettle cover sealed on the kettle body, and a stirring device installed on the kettle cover, wherein the stirring end of the stirring device is placed in the kettle body, characterized in that: Also includes A pressure relief device, which is connected and installed on the kettle cover; An energy storage buffer device, the output end of which is unidirectionally connected to the bottom of the kettle body; A circulating cooling pipe, which has a cooling section and a heat exchange section, wherein the heat exchange section is placed in the energy storage buffer device; The driving device comprises a connecting pipe and a driving impeller rotatably mounted in the connecting pipe, wherein a driving shaft of the driving impeller passes through the connecting pipe and is connected to a driving mechanism; one end of the connecting pipe is connected to a pressure relief end of the pressure relief device, and the other end is connected to an input end of the energy storage buffer device; the driving mechanism is used to drive the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe to flow; Among them, when the pressure relief device is turned on, the pressure relief device can open the circulating cooling pipe and the pressure fluid discharged from the pressure relief end of the pressure relief device can drive the driving mechanism to operate, so that the circulating cooling pipe can perform heat exchange cooling on the energy storage buffer device.

2. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a shell, a flow passage arranged in the shell, and a driving blade rotatably installed in the flow passage, the driving shaft of the driving impeller passes through the shell and is connected to the rotating shaft of the driving blade, the shell is installed on the kettle cover or connected to the connecting pipe, and the two ends of the flow passage are connected to the two ends of the circulating cooling pipe.

3. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 2, characterized in that: An L-shaped portion is provided on the connecting pipe, and the axis of the driving shaft of the driving impeller is coaxially arranged with either end of the L-shaped portion and can rotatably pass through the side wall of the connecting pipe. The flow channel is L-shaped, and the outer end of the driving shaft of the driving impeller is arranged parallel to the rotating axis of the driving blade, and the rotating shaft and the driving shaft are meshed and connected via a speed change gear set.

4. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating cooling pipe is provided with a switch mechanism, and the switch device can turn the circulating cooling pipe on and off. The pressure relief device is provided with a resettable valve core. When the pressure in the kettle body can break open the valve core and release pressure into the energy storage buffer device, the valve core can drive the switch mechanism to operate so that the cooling fluid in the circulating cooling pipe can flow.

5. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switching mechanism includes a switching valve, a swing arm with one end connected to the operating end of the switching valve, and a connecting rod hinged to the outward end of the swing arm. The connecting rod moves through the pressure relief device and is connected to the valve core through a driving rod. The movement direction of the driving rod is the same as the movement direction of the valve core. The switching valve is arranged on the circulating cooling pipe.

6. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circulating cooling pipe is connected to a heat sink, a plurality of heat sink fins are arranged on the outer side of the heat sink, and the heat sink is located in the cooling section.

7. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief device includes a seat body, a valve core and a return spring, an open cavity is arranged in the seat body, the seat body is mounted on the kettle cover and is communicated with the inside of the kettle body, the valve core is movably inserted in the open cavity, a sealing portion is arranged on one end of the valve core located at the opening of the open cavity, the return spring is movably sleeved on the end of the valve core away from the opening of the open cavity and both ends are respectively abutted against the end face of the sealing portion and the inner wall of the open cavity, a pressure relief port is arranged on the open cavity, the sealing portion can seal the pressure relief port, and the pressure relief port is communicated with the inlet end of the connecting pipe; a switch mechanism is arranged on the circulating cooling pipe, the switch mechanism can switch on and off the circulating cooling pipe, and the back side of the valve core movably passes through the seat body through a driving rod and is hinged to the driving end of the switch mechanism.

8. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage buffer device includes a heat exchange box and an accumulator, the heat exchange box is connected to the output end of the connecting pipe, the heat exchange box and the accumulator are connected through a pipeline, the accumulator is connected to the bottom of the kettle body through a pipeline, the pipeline between the heat exchange box and the accumulator and the pipeline between the accumulator and the kettle body are both provided with a one-way valve, and the heat exchange section is wound or serpentinely arranged in the heat exchange box.

9. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 8, characterized in that: Any one of the accumulator, the heat exchange box and the pipeline is provided with a pressure relief valve, and the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief valve is much greater than the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief device.

10. A highly safe reaction container according to claim 8, characterized in that: The accumulator comprises a cylinder body and a piston head movably inserted in the cylinder body, and the same end of the cylinder body is connected with the kettle body and the heat exchange box through the pipeline respectively; a piston rod is arranged on the piston head, and one end of the piston rod movably passes through the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is provided with a shell part on the end through which the piston rod passes, a threaded section is arranged on the piston rod, a worm gear is screwed on the threaded section, a worm gear that can be rotatably mounted on the shell part and cooperates with the worm gear, one end of the worm gear passes through the shell part outward and is connected with an operating arm; a limit sealing cover for limiting the worm gear is arranged on the shell part, and a thrust ball bearing for abutting against one side of the worm gear is arranged on the limit sealing cover, a plug rod is movably inserted on the shell part, and the plug rod can only move along its length direction, a ratchet is arranged on the end of the plug rod located in the shell part, and a ratchet tooth cooperating with the ratchet tooth is arranged on one side of the worm gear.

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