Boring and milling machining clamping mechanism for bearing shell and using method of boring and milling machining clamping mechanism

Abstract

According to the bearing shell boring and milling machining clamping mechanism and the using method thereof, the bearing shell boring and milling machining clamping mechanism comprises a tool bottom plate assembly, a self-centering tool assembly, an electric clamping jaw assembly and a limiting pressing plate assembly, and the self-centering tool assembly is installed at the center position of the tool bottom plate assembly in a liftable mode; at least three sets of electric clamping jaw assemblies are arranged and fixed to the tool bottom plate assembly in the mode that the electric clamping jaw assemblies are circumferentially and evenly distributed with the self-centering tool assembly as the circle center, and the limiting pressing plate assembly is installed on the tool bottom plate assembly in a sliding mode. Through cooperation of the self-centering tool assembly, the electric clamping jaw assembly and the limiting pressing plate assembly, the self-centering tool can adapt to most bearing shell workpieces at present, a large amount of tool cost is saved, the self-centering tool assembly, the electric clamping jaw assembly and the limiting pressing plate assembly only need to be assembled on the tool bottom plate assembly, and the tool bottom plate assembly is installed on a machine tool; and the application range is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field related to boring and milling clamping, and in particular to a bearing housing boring and milling processing clamping mechanism and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The bearing shell is a connecting workpiece. Since the product has a conical surface on one end and a rectangular surface on the other end, it is very difficult to place and clamp it. After placement, it is impossible to process it even if it is aligned. Due to the special shape, it is difficult to find a suitable clamping position, resulting in unstable clamping and insufficient clamping force, which will cause the product to move during processing and affect normal processing. In addition, the design accuracy of the workpiece (including the cylindricality and coaxiality of the outer circle and inner hole, the verticality of the double positioning end face and the outer circle, and the end face positioning pin hole) is relatively high. Therefore, in the fine processing stage, it is inevitable to design special tooling to complete the processing of the workpiece in one go.

[0003] Some existing tooling fixtures can generally only realize the centering function of the same circular surface. For example, a Chinese utility model with publication number CN219582559U discloses an auxiliary clamping and positioning device for processing, which drives two other bevel gears to rotate through a bevel gear, thereby rotating two lead screws, thereby realizing the function of synchronous clamping and positioning. A Chinese utility model with publication number CN201889626U discloses a four-rod synchronous automatic centering device, which can only realize automatic centering of the workpiece, and cannot realize the centering, leveling, clamping and pressing of complex workpieces. The scope of application is small, and it is not suitable for the processing of ship bearing shell workpieces. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bearing shell boring and milling processing clamping mechanism and a use method thereof, which facilitates automatic centering and clamping of the bearing shell workpiece, improves processing accuracy, and is suitable for bearing shell workpieces of different sizes.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a bearing housing boring and milling processing clamping mechanism, including a tooling base plate assembly, a self-centering tooling assembly, an electric clamping claw assembly and a limit pressure plate assembly, the self-centering tooling assembly can be lifted and lowered and installed at the center position of the tooling base plate assembly, the electric clamping claw assembly is provided with at least three groups, and is fixed on the tooling base plate assembly in a circular shape with the self-centering tooling assembly as the center, and the limit pressure plate assembly is slidably installed on the tooling base plate assembly; wherein the self-centering tooling assembly includes four centering blocks evenly arranged in a circular shape and a driving assembly, and the driving assembly drives the centering block to slide; the electric clamping claw assembly includes a clamping claw and a sliding claw arranged on the clamping claw for sliding up and down, and a clamping motor for driving the clamping claw to slide; the limit pressure plate assembly is provided with at least three groups, including a liftable adjustable top support and a sliding limit pressure plate.

[0006] According to a further technical solution, the driving assembly includes three rotating screws and a centering motor, the centering motor is dynamically connected to one of the rotating screws, the rotating screw is threadedly connected to the centering block, and the three rotating screws are connected through a gear set.

[0007] A further technical solution, the self-centering tooling assembly also includes a centering tooling plate, and a screw fixing block fixed on the bottom surface of the centering tooling plate, the three rotating screws are respectively a first bevel gear screw, a second bevel gear screw and a bidirectional screw, the bidirectional screw is connected to the power of the centering motor, the bidirectional screw passes through the screw fixing block and rotatably cooperates with the screw fixing block, the bidirectional screw is provided with two sections of threaded portions, and the threads of the two sections of the threaded portions are arranged in opposite directions, four screw limit blocks evenly arranged in a circular shape are fixed to the bottom surface of the centering tooling plate, the centering motor is fixed on one of the screw limit blocks, the two ends of the bidirectional screw are rotatably connected with two of the screw limit blocks, and the first A bevel screw and the second bevel screw are both rotatably connected to the screw fixing block, the first bevel screw and the second bevel screw are coaxially arranged, and the first bevel screw and the second bevel screw are perpendicular to the bidirectional screw in the horizontal direction, the threads on the first bevel screw and the second bevel screw are arranged in the same direction, and are respectively rotatably matched with the other two screw limit blocks, the gear set includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear is fixed on the outer periphery of the bidirectional screw, and two second bevel gears are provided, which are respectively fixed at one end of the first bevel screw and the second bevel screw close to each other, and the two second bevel gears are both meshed with the first bevel gear.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the centering tooling plate is provided with rectangular slide grooves whose number matches the centering blocks, the centering blocks are slidably matched with the rectangular slide grooves, a screw sliding block is fixed to the bottom surface of the centering block, the screw sliding block is threadedly connected with the rotating screw, and the outer periphery of the centering tooling plate is threadedly connected with side top bolts whose number matches the centering blocks, the side top bolts are inserted into the rectangular slide grooves to tighten the centering blocks.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the electric claw assembly also includes a claw support seat and a claw sliding block, the claw support seat is fixed to the tooling base plate, the claw support seat is slidably provided with a claw seat, the claw seat is provided with a locking piece for fixing the claw seat on the claw support seat, the claw sliding block is slidably installed on the claw seat, the clamping motor is fixed on the claw seat, the output end power of the clamping motor is connected to a clamping screw, the clamping screw is inserted into the claw sliding block and is threadedly connected to the claw sliding block, at least two groups of positioning parts are provided on the claw sliding block, the claw is detachably fixed to one of the positioning parts, and a magnetic block is installed on the sliding claw, and the magnetic block can adsorb the claw.

[0010] According to a further technical solution, the surface of the sliding claw for clamping the workpiece is in a "V" shape, and a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor are provided on the clamping claw. The pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure of the clamping claw sliding block clamping the workpiece, and the displacement sensor is used to assist in centering and calibration.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the limit pressure plate assembly also includes a T-shaped long slider slidably arranged on the tooling base plate assembly, the T-shaped long slider can be fixed to the tooling base plate assembly by a first locking mechanism, a limit pressure plate base is slidably provided on the T-shaped long slider, the limit pressure plate base can be fixed to the T-shaped long slider by a second locking mechanism, the limit pressure plate is detachably slidably installed on the limit pressure plate base, an adjustable top base is slidably installed on the T-shaped long slider, the adjustable top base is fixed to the T-shaped long slider by a third locking mechanism, the adjustable top base is connected to a driving source, the driving source is used to control the extension and retraction of the adjustable top support, and the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism, and the third locking mechanism are all bolt locking structures.

[0012] According to a further technical solution, an air pump is embedded in the base of the limit pressure plate, a gas pipeline is opened in the limit pressure plate, the air pump and the gas pipeline are connected by a plug-in hose, and an opening is provided on the side of the limit pressure plate that abuts the workpiece, and the opening is connected to the gas pipeline for blowing gas.

[0013] According to a further technical solution, the tooling base plate assembly includes a tooling base plate, a cylinder is fixed at the center of the tooling base plate, a center shaft is fixed to the power output end of the cylinder, a pin hole is opened on the bottom surface of the screw fixing block, and the center shaft can be inserted into the pin hole.

[0014] A method for using a clamping mechanism for boring and milling a bearing housing, the method for using is based on the above-mentioned clamping mechanism for boring and milling a bearing housing: Step 1: Install the tooling base plate assembly: Install the tooling base plate assembly to the center of the machine tool workbench; Step 2, determine the center of the reference outer circle: adjust the self-centering tooling assembly, which includes four centering blocks evenly arranged in a circumferential shape and a driving assembly connected to the centering blocks. The centering blocks are driven to adjust their positions synchronously through the operation of the driving assembly, thereby adjusting the center of the reference outer circle to the center position of the self-centering tooling assembly; Step 3, workpiece center positioning: lift the self-centering tooling assembly prepared in step 2 together with the workpiece to be processed, and place them above the tooling base assembly, so that the pin hole below the self-centering tooling assembly matches the central axis of the center of the tooling base assembly to achieve the center positioning of the workpiece; Step 4: Horizontal alignment: Place the lower blank surface of the workpiece on the adjustable top support of the limit plate assembly, and push the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece onto the limit plate by adjusting the height of the adjustable top support to ensure that the horizontality of the workpiece meets the processing requirements; Step 5, clamp the workpiece: use the electric clamping jaw assembly, use the clamping motor to drive the clamping jaw to move, drive the sliding jaw to move, clamp the arc surface around the workpiece, and at the same time, for workpieces of different diameters, the sliding jaw can move up and down to ensure that the clamping force is evenly distributed; Step 6: Complete clamping: After confirming that all steps are completed, perform a final check to ensure that the workpiece has been clamped and positioned correctly before starting the machining process.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the self-centering tooling assembly can realize rapid centering of the workpiece reference outer circle to determine its center, the limit pressure plate assembly can realize the function of automatic leveling, and the clamping motor can drive the sliding claw to automatically clamp the workpiece, thereby improving the changeover efficiency, reducing the manual operation time, reducing the technical requirements of the operator, and reducing the error caused by manual operation. Through the cooperation of the self-centering tooling assembly, the electric clamping claw assembly and the limit pressure plate assembly, the stability of clamping during machining is improved, the product output is improved, and the machining accuracy and the surface quality of the product are guaranteed.

[0016] Moreover, through the cooperation of the self-centering tooling assembly, the electric clamping claw assembly and the limit pressure plate assembly, it can adapt to most of the current bearing shell workpieces, saving a lot of tooling costs. It only needs to assemble the self-centering tooling assembly, the electric clamping claw assembly and the limit pressure plate assembly on the tooling base plate assembly, and then install the tooling base plate assembly on the machine tool, thereby improving the scope of application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tooling base plate assembly of the present application; Figure 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the tooling base plate of the present application; Figure 4 It is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the self-centering tooling assembly of the present application; Figure 5 It is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the self-centering tooling assembly of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the self-centering tooling assembly of the present application; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the electric claw assembly of the present application; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the limiting pressure plate assembly of the present application; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of clamping a workpiece in this application.

[0019] In the figure: 100, tooling base plate assembly; 101, tooling base plate; 102, first T-slot; 103, U-slot; 104, cylinder; 105, center axis; 106, threaded pin; 107, fastening threaded hole; 200, self-centering tooling assembly; 201, centering tooling plate; 202, centering block; 203, side top bolt; 204, first bevel gear screw; 205, second bevel gear screw; 206, screw fixing block; 207, screw limit block; 208, screw sliding block; 209, first bevel gear; 210, second bevel gear; 211, Bidirectional lead screw; 212, rectangular slide; 213, pin hole; 300, electric clamping claw assembly; 301, clamping claw support seat; 302, clamping lead screw; 303, motor wrench; 304, clamping motor; 305, motor connecting block; 306, clamping claw sliding block; 307, clamping claw seat; 308, clamping claw; 309, magnetic block; 310, sliding claw; 311, positioning part; 400, limit pressure plate assembly; 401, T-shaped long slider; 402, adjustable top base; 403, adjustable top support; 404, limit pressure plate base; 405, limit pressure plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0022] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0025] The ship propeller bearing shell is a key component in the ship propulsion system. Its main function is to support and protect the propeller shaft and stern tube shaft to ensure their normal operation in the underwater environment. In order to ensure the transmission efficiency of the internal structure gear shaft, the friction coefficient and wear in the bearing shell are minimized, and higher precision requirements are always met when designing the bearing shell.

[0026] Combined with Figure 1-Figure 9The figure shows a bearing housing boring and milling processing clamping mechanism. This embodiment is suitable for ship propeller bearing housing workpieces and other bearing housing workpieces with the same specifications and shapes. The clamping mechanism includes a tooling base plate assembly 100, a self-centering tooling assembly 200, an electric clamping claw assembly 300 and a limit pressure plate assembly 400. The self-centering tooling assembly 200 can be installed at the center of the tooling base plate assembly 100 in a lifting manner. The electric clamping claw assembly 300 is provided with four, and is evenly arranged in a circle with the self-centering tooling assembly 200 as the center. The tooling base plate assembly 100 is fixed thereon, the limiting pressure plate assembly 400 is provided with four, and is slidably mounted on the tooling base plate assembly 100, and can be fixed on the tooling base plate assembly 100 by a first locking mechanism; the electric clamping claw assembly 300 includes a clamping claw 308 and a sliding claw 310 that is slidably arranged on the clamping claw 308, and a clamping motor 304 that drives the clamping claw 308 to slide; the limiting pressure plate assembly 400 includes a liftable adjustable top support 403 and a sliding limiting pressure plate 405.

[0027] Specifically, the tooling base plate assembly 100 includes a tooling base plate 101, a first threaded hole is opened at the center position of the tooling base plate 101, a cylinder 104 is arranged at the center position of the tooling base plate 101, threaded pins 106 are welded and fixed on the top and bottom surfaces of the cylinder 104, the threaded pin 106 on the bottom surface is inserted into the first threaded hole in a threaded tightening manner, the power output end of the cylinder 104 is welded and fixed to the threaded pin 106 on the top surface, the threaded pin 106 on the top surface is inserted into the center shaft 105 and is threadedly tightened with the center shaft 105, a pin hole 213 is opened on the bottom surface of the lead screw fixing block 206, the center shaft 105 can be inserted into the pin hole 213, and by arranging the upper and lower threaded pins 106, the center shaft 105 and the tooling base plate 10 can be connected. 1 The purpose of concentricity is that the position of the central axis 105 is the position of the center of the bearing shell workpiece and the rotation center of the worktable. By adjusting the extension and contraction of the cylinder 104, the up and down movement of the central axis 105 can be achieved. This function is mainly used for bearing shell workpieces of different models. Since the size of the bearing shell workpiece is uncertain, in order to be able to be used for all bearing shell workpieces, this structure is added to achieve the purpose of universal workpiece height. For bearing shell workpieces with smaller sizes, after clamping, the lower end surface of the workpiece will be relatively high, that is, farther away from the tooling base plate 101 (this is because the smaller the size of the workpiece, the closer the lower end surface of the workpiece is to the horizontal reference plane, and the limit pressure plate assembly 400 limits the height of the horizontal reference plane of the bearing shell workpiece, so that the lower end surface of the workpiece is farther away from the bottom surface of the tooling base plate 101), so the cylinder 104 needs to be extended, and the opposite is true for workpieces with larger sizes.

[0028] An annular heat dissipation channel (not shown) is arranged at the center of the tooling base plate 101, and an air hole (not shown) is arranged on the tooling base plate 101. The annular heat dissipation channel is connected to the air hole, and the annular heat dissipation channel is connected to the machine tool air source. During the processing, the workpiece can be air-cooled at regular intervals, and air can be sprayed during the clamping process to clean impurities that may be attached to the surface of the bearing shell workpiece.

[0029] A first T-slot 102 is also provided on the tooling base plate 101 . There are four first T-slots 102 on the tooling base plate 101 for installing the limiting pressure plate assembly 400 . Four groups of fastening threaded holes 107 are also provided on the tooling base plate 101 . The fastening threaded holes 107 are used to install the electric clamping claw assembly 300 .

[0030] The tooling base plate 101 is square, and U-shaped grooves 103 are arranged on the four sides of the tooling base plate 101 for fixing the tooling base plate 101 on the machine tool workbench. The tooling base plate 101 and the machine tool workbench are fastened and connected by bolts.

[0031] Self-centering tooling assembly 200, the main purpose of the self-centering tooling assembly 200 is to confirm the center of the reference outer circle of the bearing shell workpiece, and transfer the center of the reference outer circle of the bearing shell workpiece to the position of the pin hole 213 below the self-centering tooling assembly 200. The self-centering tooling assembly 200 includes four centering blocks 202 evenly arranged in a circle and a driving assembly (not marked). The driving assembly is used to drive the centering block 202 to slide. The driving assembly includes three rotating screws and a centering motor (not shown). The centering motor is connected to the rotating screw in power, and the rotating screw is threadedly connected to the centering block 202. The three rotating screws are connected through a gear set.

[0032] Specifically, four centering blocks 202 are provided, and the self-centering tooling assembly 200 also includes a screw fixing block 206 fixed on the bottom surface of the centering tooling plate 201. The centering tooling plate 201 adopts a honeycomb composite sandwich structure and is filled with foam aluminum core material, which reduces the weight of the centering tooling plate 201 and facilitates subsequent lifting together with the workpiece. The rotating screws are respectively a first bevel gear screw 204, a second bevel gear screw 205 and a bidirectional screw 211. The bidirectional screw 211 is an active screw, and the first bevel gear screw 204 is a second bevel gear screw 205 and a bidirectional screw 211. The bidirectional screw 211 is an active screw. A bevel gear screw 204 and a second bevel gear screw 205 are driven screws, and a bidirectional screw 211 drives the first bevel gear screw 204 and the second bevel gear screw 205 to rotate through a gear set. The bidirectional screw 211 penetrates the screw fixing block 206 and rotates with the screw fixing block 206. The bidirectional screw 211 is provided with two threaded portions (not shown), and the threads on the two threaded portions are arranged oppositely. Four screw limiters arranged evenly in a circumferential shape are fixed on the bottom surface of the centering tooling plate 201. The first bevel gear screw 204 and the second bevel gear screw 205 are both rotatably connected with the screw fixing block 206. The first bevel gear screw 204 and the second bevel gear screw 205 are coaxially arranged, and the first bevel gear screw 204 and the second bevel gear screw 205 are perpendicular to the bidirectional screw 211 in the horizontal direction. The threads on the outer periphery of the first bevel gear screw 204 and the second bevel gear screw 205 are arranged in the same direction, and are respectively rotatably matched with the other two screw limit blocks 207. The gear set includes a first bevel gear 209 and a second bevel gear 210. The first bevel gear 209 is fixed on the outer periphery of the bidirectional screw 211. Two second bevel gears 210 are provided, which are respectively fixed at one end of the first bevel gear screw 204 and the second bevel gear screw 205 close to each other. The two second bevel gears 210 are both meshed with the first bevel gear 209.

[0033] The centering tooling plate 201 is provided with rectangular grooves 212, which are the same in number as the centering block 202. There are four rectangular grooves 212. The centering block 202 is slidably matched with the rectangular grooves 212. A screw sliding block 208 is fixed to the bottom surface of the centering block 202 by means of screws. The four screw sliding blocks 208 are respectively threadedly connected with the two threaded portions of the first bevel gear screw 204, the second bevel gear screw 205 and the bidirectional screw 211. The outer periphery of the centering tooling plate 201 is threadedly connected with side top bolts 203, which are the same in number as the centering block 202. The side top bolts 203 are inserted into the rectangular grooves 212 to tighten the centering block 202.

[0034] The contact surface between the centering block 202 and the bearing shell workpiece is an inclined surface. Since the inclination of the reference outer circle may be slightly different between each bearing shell workpiece, centering blocks 202 with different inclinations are manufactured for this situation. The inclination is a self-locking angle that matches the inclination of the reference outer circle. After the inclined surface is self-locking, the side top bolt 203 is used to tighten the centering block 202 to increase the stability of the installation.

[0035] The sliding of the centering block 202 is mainly achieved through the operation of the centering motor, which drives the first bevel screw 204, the second bevel screw 205 and the bidirectional screw 211 to rotate, and then the screw sliding block 208 drives the centering block 202 to slide and adjust the position. The centering block 202 slides with the rectangular slide groove 212 to make the sliding more stable. The screw fixing block 206 and the screw limiting block 207 are connected to the centering tooling plate 201 by screw fastening to ensure the position of the screw fixing block 206 and the screw limiting block 207. The position is used to ensure the smoothness of the rotation of the first bevel screw 204, the second bevel screw 205 and the bidirectional screw 211.

[0036] Specifically, the first bevel-toothed screw 204, the second bevel-toothed screw 205 and the bidirectional screw 211 can be matched with a small gap or bearings can be installed with the screw fixing block 206 and the screw limit block 207 to ensure smooth rotation. The centering motor (not shown) is fixed on one of the screw limit blocks 207 and is connected to the bidirectional screw 211 by power. The bidirectional screw 211 is driven to rotate by the centering motor, and the bidirectional screw 211 drives the first bevel gear 209 to rotate, so that the first bevel gear 209 drives the two second bevel gears 210 to rotate. The first bevel screw 204 and the second bevel screw 205 are rotated, and then the screw sliding block 208 is slid, so that the four centering blocks 202 are moved and adjusted at the same time. By determining the four points of the reference outer circle of the bearing shell workpiece, the center of the reference outer circle is obtained and transferred to the position of the pin hole 213 on the bottom surface of the screw fixing block 206, so as to prepare for the cooperation between the self-centering tooling assembly 200 and the tooling base plate assembly 100. Through the synchronous movement of the four centering blocks 202, the self-centering tooling assembly 200 can be used for bearing shell workpieces of all sizes.

[0037] At least two distance sensors (not shown) are installed on the centering tooling plate 201 to measure the height of the workpiece. In the present embodiment, three distance sensors are provided and a miniature laser rangefinder can be used to perform measurement after the workpiece is clamped by the self-centering tooling assembly 200. The machine tool control system pre-roughly adjusts the height of the adjustable top support 403 according to the workpiece height distance data collected by the laser rangefinder, which facilitates subsequent lifting and horizontal alignment and also saves time for subsequent installation.

[0038] The electric claw assembly 300 also includes a claw support seat 301 and a claw sliding block 306. The claw support seat 301 is fixed on the tooling base plate 101. A claw seat 307 is slidably provided on the claw support seat 301. A locking piece is provided on the claw seat 307 for fixing the claw seat 307 on the claw support seat 301. The claw sliding block 306 is slidably installed on the claw seat 307. The clamping motor 304 is fixed on the claw seat 30 7, the output end power of the clamping motor 304 is connected to the clamping screw 302, the clamping screw 302 is inserted into the claw sliding block 306, and is threadedly connected to the claw sliding block 306, at least two groups of positioning parts 311 are provided on the claw sliding block 306, the claw 308 is detachably fixed on one of the positioning parts 311, and a magnetic block 309 is installed on the sliding claw 310, and the magnetic block 309 can adsorb the claw 308.

[0039] The clamping jaw 308 is provided with a pressure sensor (not shown) and a displacement sensor (not shown). The pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure of the clamping jaw sliding block 306 clamping the workpiece, and the displacement sensor is used for centering calibration. Specifically, the pressure sensor can collect the clamping pressure of the clamping jaw on the workpiece in real time to ensure that the clamping force is firm enough without causing damage to the workpiece. By feeding back the data of the pressure sensor to the machine tool control system, the clamping force can be dynamically adjusted as needed to achieve adaptive clamping. The displacement sensor is used to measure the displacement of the clamping jaw 308, and is used to accurately measure the moving distance of the clamping jaw 308 relative to the reference position, to assist in centering calibration, and by real-time monitoring of the position change of the clamping jaw, the machine tool control system can automatically perform fine-tuning to compensate for any small deviations that may affect the processing accuracy.

[0040] The surface of the sliding claw 310 for clamping the workpiece is in a "V" shape.

[0041] Specifically, the claw support seat 301 is connected to the tooling base plate 101 by a bolt group, and the bolt group is provided with four bolts, which are inserted into the fastening threaded holes 107. The claw support seat 301 is mainly used to increase the clamping height of the claw 308 to adapt to the bearing shell workpiece clamping method. The claw seat 307 and the claw support seat 301 are connected by bolts and T-blocks (unmarked). A second T-slot (unmarked) is provided on the top surface of the claw support seat 301. The T-block is slidably arranged in the second T-slot, and the locking piece is a bolt. After adjusting the position of the claw seat 307, the claw seat 307 is fixed on the claw support seat 301 by tightening the bolts. In this way, the position of the claw seat 307 can be adjusted to adapt to bearing shell workpieces of different diameters. The claw sliding block 306 is slidably installed in the claw seat 307, which can be a clearance fit so that the claw sliding block 306 can slide and clamp the bearing shell workpiece. The clamping motor 304 is fixed to the claw seat 307 through the motor connecting block 305 and bolts. The output shaft of the clamping motor 304 is connected to the motor wrench 303 through a key connection. One end of the motor wrench 303 is an outer hexagon, and one end of the clamping screw 302 is an inner hexagon. The motor wrench 303 is inserted into the clamping screw 302, and the clamping screw 302 is threadedly connected to the claw sliding block 306. Two groups of positioning parts 311 are provided on the claw sliding block 306. The claw 308 is fixed to one of the groups of positioning parts 311 by bolts. The specific size of the bearing shell workpiece determines which group of positioning parts 311 it is fixed to.

[0042] A three-quarter arc guide groove is provided at one end of the clamping claw 308 close to the bearing housing workpiece, and a three-quarter arc protrusion is provided on the sliding claw 310, which slides and inserts into the three-quarter arc guide groove. A magnetic block 309 is fixedly provided on the sliding claw 310. The magnetic block 309 can be circular or long and is used to absorb the clamping claw 308 to offset the self-gravity of the sliding claw 310, thereby ensuring the stability of the sliding claw 310 when clamping. It is not laborious to adjust the up and down height at will, and the use effect is good.

[0043] The sliding claw 310 is in a "V" shape. Since the sizes of the bearing shell workpieces are different, if it is designed to be flat, it is not sufficient to be universal for all bearing shell workpieces.

[0044] The limiting pressure plate assembly 400 also includes a T-shaped long slider 401 slidably arranged on the tooling base assembly 100, and the T-shaped long slider 401 can be fixed to the tooling base 101 through a first locking mechanism. A limiting pressure plate base 404 is slidably arranged on the top surface of the T-shaped long slider 401 through a third T-shaped slot (not marked), and the third T-shaped slot is provided on the T-shaped long slider 401. The limiting pressure plate base 404 is fixed to the T-shaped long slider 401 through a second locking mechanism (not shown). The limiting pressure plate base 404 can be fixed on the tooling base 101. On the T-shaped long slider 401, the limiting pressure plate 405 is detachably slidably installed on the limiting pressure plate base 404, and an adjustable top base 402 is slidably installed on the T-shaped long slider 401. The adjustable top base 402 is fixed to the T-shaped long slider 401 through a third locking mechanism (not shown in the figure), and the adjustable top base 402 is connected to a driving source, which is a hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure). The driving source is used to control the extension and retraction of the adjustable top support 403, and the first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism and the third locking mechanism are all bolt locking structures.

[0045] The limiting pressure plate base 404 is embedded with an air pump (not shown in the figure). The air pump is relatively small and adopts a micro air pump. A gas pipeline (not shown in the figure) is opened in the limiting pressure plate 405. The micro air pump and the gas pipeline are connected by a plug-in hose (not shown in the figure). An opening (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side of the limiting pressure plate 405 that abuts the bearing shell workpiece. The opening is connected to the gas pipeline for blowing gas. When the limiting pressure plate 405 is ready to be pressed on the bearing shell workpiece, the opening sprays gas to clean the surface of the bearing shell workpiece to prevent debris on the surface of the bearing shell workpiece from affecting the clamping effect.

[0046] Specifically, the limiting pressure plate 405 and the limiting pressure plate base 404 are connected by a dovetail groove structure, so that the limiting pressure plate 405 can slide along the dovetail groove direction, thereby increasing the flexibility of the limiting pressure plate 405 and different types of limiting pressure plates 405 can be replaced. The limiting pressure plate base 404 and the T-shaped long slider 401 are fixed by bolts and T-blocks, and the T-shaped long slider 401 and the tooling base 101 are also fixed by bolts and T-blocks. This method allows the T-shaped long slider 401 and the limiting pressure plate base 404 to slide back and forth on the tooling base 101, thereby increasing its versatility in actual use (due to differences in the sizes of the bearing shell workpieces, the front and rear positions of the limiting pressure plate 405 are also different. This problem can be solved by adjusting the limiting pressure plate base 404 to slide in the third T-slot). In actual use, the positions of the T-shaped long slider 401 and the limiting pressure plate base 404 are generally adjusted according to the model of the bearing shell workpiece, and then connected and fixed using the above method. When the bearing shell workpiece falls onto the adjustable top support 403, the limiting pressure plate 405 is used to fine-tune the front and rear distance so that the limiting pressure plate 405 can have a larger contact area, thereby enhancing the overall clamping rigidity.

[0047] A method for using a bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism, the method for using is based on the above-mentioned bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism: Step 1, installing the tooling base plate assembly 100: installing the tooling base plate assembly 100 to the center of the machine tool workbench; Step 2, determine the center of the reference outer circle: use a self-centering tool assembly 200, which includes four centering blocks 202 evenly arranged in a circumferential shape, and a driving assembly connected to the centering blocks 202, and the centering blocks 202 are driven to adjust their positions synchronously through the operation of the driving assembly, so as to adjust the center of the reference outer circle to the center position of the self-centering tool assembly 200; Step 3, workpiece center positioning: lift the self-centering tooling assembly 200 prepared in step 2 together with the workpiece to be processed, and place them above the tooling base assembly 100, so that the pin hole 213 below the self-centering tooling assembly 200 cooperates with the central axis 105 at the center of the tooling base assembly 100 to achieve the center positioning of the workpiece; At this time, the distance sensor measures the height of the workpiece. After the self-centering fixture assembly 200 clamps the workpiece, the height of the workpiece is measured, and the height of the adjustable top support 403 is roughly adjusted in advance; Step 4, horizontal alignment: place the lower blank surface of the workpiece on the adjustable top support 403 of the limit pressure plate assembly 400, and push the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece onto the limit pressure plate 405 by adjusting the height of the adjustable top support 403 to ensure that the horizontality of the workpiece meets the processing requirements; Step 5, clamping the workpiece: using the electric clamping jaw assembly 300, using the clamping motor 304 to drive the clamping jaw 308 to move, driving the sliding jaw 310 to move, clamping the arc surface around the workpiece, and at the same time, for workpieces of different diameters, the sliding jaw 310 can move up and down to ensure that the clamping force is evenly distributed and enhance the overall clamping stability; Step 6: Complete clamping: After confirming that all steps are completed, perform a final check to ensure that the workpiece has been clamped and positioned correctly before starting the machining process.

[0048] Specifically, the workpiece is a bearing shell workpiece, and the processing feature of the bearing shell workpiece is a circumferential surface. The clamping area of ​​the bearing shell workpiece is determined according to the position of the processing surface.

[0049] Analyze the center of mass and clamping position of the bearing shell workpiece, select four reference points of the bearing shell workpiece blank as the clamping position, clamp the four positions symmetrically, and then select the center hole for positioning to ensure that the bearing shell workpiece is completely positioned.

[0050] The specific clamping idea is: first, install the tooling base plate assembly 100 to the center of the workbench, mainly by finding the position of the center axis and fixing it at the rotation center of the tooling table. After finding the position, use bolts and T-blocks to connect the tooling base plate assembly 100 and the machine tool workbench through the U-shaped groove 103. Then install the self-centering tooling assembly 200 (the main principle of the self-centering tooling assembly 200 is: use the self-centering tooling assembly 200 to clamp the four points of the reference outer circle of the bearing shell workpiece, and the selected four points are the four quadrant points of the reference outer circle, that is, the four points are symmetrical to each other; the four points are selected by over-constraining to even out the three-point positioning error of the reference outer circle. The center selected by the self-centering tooling assembly 200 is closer to the center of the actual reference outer circle than the three-point centering method) under the bearing shell workpiece, and the center of the reference outer circle of the blank under the bearing shell workpiece is determined by the self-centering tooling assembly 200. Then, the bearing shell workpiece and the self-centering tooling assembly 200 are hoisted together above the tooling base plate assembly 100, and the center positioning of the bearing shell workpiece is achieved by matching the pin hole 213 below the self-centering tooling assembly 200 with the center axis 105 of the center of the tooling base plate assembly 100. After the matching is completed, the lower blank surface of the bearing shell workpiece falls on the adjustable top support 403 of the limit pressure plate assembly 400, and the adjustable top support 403 is used to push the horizontal reference surface of the bearing shell workpiece onto the limit pressure plate 405 to achieve the horizontal alignment of the bearing shell workpiece. After the horizontal verification is correct, the electric clamping claw assembly 300 is used to clamp the arc surface around the bearing shell workpiece to enhance the clamping stability of the overall bearing shell workpiece.

[0051] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology in this field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism, characterized in that: The tooling assembly comprises a tooling base plate assembly (100), a self-centering tooling assembly (200), an electric clamping claw assembly (300) and a limiting pressure plate assembly (400); the self-centering tooling assembly (200) is installed at the center of the tooling base plate assembly (100) in a manner that it can be lifted; the electric clamping claw assembly (300) is provided with at least three groups and is evenly arranged in a circle with the self-centering tooling assembly (200) as the center and fixed on the tooling base plate assembly (100); and the limiting pressure plate assembly (400) is slidably installed on the tooling base plate assembly (100); The self-centering tooling assembly (200) comprises four centering blocks (202) evenly arranged in a circular shape and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly drives the centering blocks (202) to slide; the electric clamping claw assembly (300) comprises a clamping claw (308) and a sliding claw (310) slidably arranged on the clamping claw (308), and a clamping motor (304) driving the clamping claw (308) to slide; the limiting pressure plate assembly (400) is provided with at least three groups, including a liftable adjustable top support (403) and a sliding limiting pressure plate (405).

2. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises three rotating lead screws and a centering motor, the centering motor is dynamically connected to one of the rotating lead screws, the rotating lead screw is threadedly connected to the centering block (202), and the three rotating lead screws are transmission-connected via a gear set.

3. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-centering tooling assembly (200) further comprises a centering tooling plate (201), and a screw fixing block (206) fixed on the bottom surface of the centering tooling plate (201), the three rotating screws are respectively a first bevel gear screw (204), a second bevel gear screw (205) and a bidirectional screw (211), the bidirectional screw (211) being connected to the centering motor power, the bidirectional screw (211) passing through the screw fixing block (206) and being connected to the screw fixing block (206). 06) rotationally matched, the bidirectional lead screw (211) is provided with two sections of threaded parts, and the threads of the two sections of the threaded parts are arranged oppositely, four lead screw limit blocks (207) evenly arranged in a circular shape are fixed on the bottom surface of the centering tooling plate (201), the centering motor is fixed on one of the lead screw limit blocks (207), the two ends of the bidirectional lead screw (211) are rotationally matched with two of the lead screw limit blocks (207), the first bevel gear lead screw (204) and the The second bevel gear screws (205) are rotatably connected to the screw fixing block (206); the first bevel gear screw (204) and the second bevel gear screw (205) are coaxially arranged, and the first bevel gear screw (204) and the second bevel gear screw (205) are perpendicular to the bidirectional screw (211) in the horizontal direction; the threads on the first bevel gear screw (204) and the second bevel gear screw (205) are arranged in the same direction, and are respectively rotatably matched with the other two screw limit blocks (207); the gear set comprises a first bevel gear (209) and a second bevel gear (210); the first bevel gear (209) is fixed on the outer periphery of the bidirectional screw (211); two second bevel gears (210) are provided, and are respectively fixed at one end of the first bevel gear screw (204) and the second bevel gear screw (205) close to each other; and the two second bevel gears (210) are both meshed with the first bevel gear (209).

4. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The centering tooling plate (201) is provided with rectangular slide grooves (212) whose number is the same as the centering block (202); the centering block (202) is slidably matched with the rectangular slide grooves (212); a lead screw sliding block (208) is fixed on the bottom surface of the centering block (202); the lead screw sliding block (208) is threadedly connected to the rotating lead screw; the outer periphery of the centering tooling plate (201) is threadedly connected with side top bolts (203) whose number is the same as the centering block (202); the side top bolts (203) are inserted into the rectangular slide grooves (212) for tightening the centering block (202).

5. The bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric clamping claw assembly (300) further comprises a clamping claw support seat (301) and a clamping claw sliding block (306); the clamping claw support seat (301) is fixed on the tooling base plate assembly (100); a clamping claw seat (307) is slidably provided on the clamping claw support seat (301); a locking piece is provided on the clamping claw seat (307) for fixing the clamping claw seat (307) on the clamping claw support seat (301); the clamping claw sliding block (306) is slidably mounted on the clamping claw seat (307); the clamping motor (304) is fixed on the clamping claw seat (3 07), the output end power of the clamping motor (304) is connected to the clamping screw (302), the clamping screw (302) is inserted into the clamping claw sliding block (306), and is threadedly connected to the clamping claw sliding block (306), at least two groups of positioning parts (311) are provided on the clamping claw sliding block (306), the clamping claw (308) is detachably fixed on one of the positioning parts (311), and a magnetic block (309) is installed on the sliding claw (310), and the magnetic block (309) can adsorb the clamping claw (308).

6. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the sliding claw (310) for clamping a workpiece is in a "V" shape, and the clamping claw (308) is provided with a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor.

7. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting pressure plate assembly (400) further comprises a T-shaped long slider (401) slidably arranged on the tooling base assembly (100), the T-shaped long slider (401) being fixed to the tooling base assembly (100) by a first locking mechanism, a limiting pressure plate base (404) being slidably arranged on the T-shaped long slider (401), the limiting pressure plate base (404) being fixed to the T-shaped long slider (401) by a second locking mechanism, the limiting pressure plate (40 5) A detachable slide is installed on the limit pressure plate base (404), and an adjustable top base (402) is slidably installed on the T-shaped long slider (401). The adjustable top base (402) is fixed to the T-shaped long slider (401) through a third locking mechanism. The adjustable top base (402) is connected to a driving source, and the driving source is used to control the extension and retraction of the adjustable top support (403). The first locking mechanism, the second locking mechanism, and the third locking mechanism are all bolt locking structures.

8. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air pump is embedded in the limiting pressure plate base (404), a gas pipeline is provided in the limiting pressure plate (405), the air pump and the gas pipeline are connected via a plug-in hose, and an opening is provided on the side of the limiting pressure plate (405) that contacts the workpiece, the opening is connected to the gas pipeline and is used for blowing gas.

9. A bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tooling base plate assembly (100) comprises a tooling base plate (101), a cylinder (104) is fixed at the center of the tooling base plate (101), a center shaft (105) is fixed at the power output end of the cylinder (104), a pin hole (213) is provided on the bottom surface of the lead screw fixing block (206), and the center shaft (105) can be inserted into the pin hole (213).

10. A method for using a bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism, the method for using is based on the bearing housing boring and milling clamping mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step 1, installing the tooling base plate assembly (100): installing the tooling base plate assembly (100) at the center of the machine tool workbench; Step 2, determining the center of the reference outer circle: adjusting the self-centering tool assembly (200), the self-centering tool assembly (200) comprising four centering blocks (202) evenly arranged in a circumferential shape, and a driving assembly drivingly connected to the centering blocks (202), wherein the centering blocks (202) are driven to adjust their positions synchronously through the operation of the driving assembly, thereby adjusting the center of the reference outer circle to the center position of the self-centering tool assembly (200); Step 3, workpiece center positioning: the self-centering tooling assembly (200) prepared in step 2 is lifted together with the workpiece to be processed, and placed above the tooling base assembly (100), so that the pin hole (213) below the self-centering tooling assembly (200) cooperates with the central axis (105) at the center of the tooling base assembly (100), thereby achieving the center positioning of the workpiece; Step 4, horizontal alignment: place the lower blank surface of the workpiece on the adjustable top support (403) of the limit pressure plate assembly (400), and push the horizontal reference surface of the workpiece onto the limit pressure plate (405) by adjusting the height of the adjustable top support (403) to ensure that the horizontality of the workpiece meets the processing requirements; Step 5, clamping the workpiece: using the electric clamping jaw assembly (300), using the clamping motor (304) to drive the clamping jaw (308) to move, driving the sliding jaw (310) to move, and clamping the arc surface around the workpiece. At the same time, for workpieces of different diameters, the sliding jaw (310) can move up and down to ensure that the clamping force is evenly distributed; Step 6: Complete clamping: After confirming that all steps are completed, perform a final check to ensure that the workpiece has been clamped and positioned correctly before starting the machining process.

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