The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. A multi-station mechanized switching mechanism for bolting construction. The mechanism comprises a propulsion beam, a fixed frame,a movable frame and a bolting mechanism, wherein the fixed frame is fixedly disposed on the propulsion beam; the movable frame is matched and disposed on the propulsion beam in the sliding mode, and the fixed frame and the movable frame are laterally disposed correspondingly. The bolting mechanism comprises at least two of a rock drill assembly, a bolt head assembly and a grouting assembly, and all the assemblies of the bolting mechanism are laterally arranged on the fixed frame and the movable frame in the sliding mode. The invention further discloses a bolt construction device. The overall structure design is reasonable, and automatic switching of drilling, bolt loading and grouting is achieved, so that construction workers are greatly liberated from the heavy labor intensity and the harsh construction environment. At the same time, the construction cost is reduced under the environment that the labor cost is higher and higher, and greater profits are created.