Hydrogen production method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen production method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, according to the scheme, after a system energy storage configuration model is constructed, first data of an off-line hydrogen production system is collected, energy storage capacity optimization is carried out through the system energy storage configuration model according to the first data, and an optimization result is obtained; and finally, controlling the off-line hydrogen production system to carry out hydrogen production operation according to an optimization result. The off-grid hydrogen production system comprises a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a transformer rectifier, a medium-voltage direct-current bus, an electrolytic bath and an inverter, renewable energy sources of wind energy and solar energy are converted into direct current through the power supply unit and the transformer rectifier, then the direct current passes through the medium-voltage direct-current bus and the electrolytic bath, the electrolytic bath electrolyzes seawater to generate hydrogen, and under the off-grid condition, it can be guaranteed that the hydrogen production process is not affected by fluctuation of a power grid; and meanwhile, under the condition of a renewable energy source micro-grid, the operation stability of the hydrogen production process can be improved in combination with the use of a medium-voltage direct-current bus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production from renewable energy, and in particular to a hydrogen production method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Among the related technologies, renewable energy power generation systems have developed rapidly, and the system power supply capacity has reached the megawatt level. Renewable energy hydrogen production technology has been proven to have important research value and engineering practice significance. The use of renewable energy hydrogen production technology combined with medium-voltage DC distribution technology can improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy power generation. At present, there are two main types of renewable energy hydrogen production solutions: grid-connected and off-grid.

[0003] Due to the high volatility of renewable energy, grid-connected power generation often reduces the stability of the power grid. In addition, the power supply quality and output characteristics of renewable energy can also lead to problems such as wind and solar power abandonment, resulting in resource waste. Under off-grid conditions, there are technical problems of low operating stability in the process of converting fluctuating renewable energy power into direct current for electrolysis. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a hydrogen production method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, which can improve the stability of the hydrogen production operation process.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, one aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for producing hydrogen, the method comprising:

[0006] Collecting first data of the offline hydrogen production system, the first data including operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier, and operating parameters of the hydrogen load;

[0007] According to the first data, optimizing the energy storage capacity through a system energy storage configuration model to obtain an optimization result;

[0008] Control the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result;

[0009] Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, several transformer rectifiers, a medium-voltage DC bus, several electrolyzers and an inverter;

[0010] The power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy;

[0011] The energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy;

[0012] Transformer rectifiers are used to convert the alternating current of electrical energy into direct current;

[0013] The medium voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output terminal of the transformer rectifier and is used to transmit DC power under off-grid conditions;

[0014] Several electrolyzers are connected to a medium voltage DC bus in parallel and are used to generate hydrogen by electrolyzing water under DC power supply.

[0015] In some embodiments, the off-grid hydrogen production system further includes an inverter, an auxiliary load, and a backup power source;

[0016] Inverters are used to convert DC power into AC power;

[0017] The auxiliary load is connected to the AC output terminal of the inverter;

[0018] The backup power supply is connected to the AC output of the inverter.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power supply unit includes a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, and the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module are operated in parallel on the AC bus;

[0020] The wind power generation module includes a double-fed induction generator for converting wind energy into electrical energy;

[0021] Photovoltaic power generation modules include photovoltaic arrays, which are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0022] In some embodiments, controlling the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result includes:

[0023] Build a wind power generation model;

[0024] Establish photovoltaic power generation model;

[0025] Build an alkaline electrolyzer model;

[0026] Based on the wind power generation model, photovoltaic power generation model and alkaline electrolyzer model, combined with the distributed control architecture, the model of the off-grid hydrogen production system is simulated and verified, and the simulation results are obtained;

[0027] Control the off-grid hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operations according to the simulation results;

[0028] Among them, the distributed control architecture includes an energy storage system with auxiliary control and floating AC voltage, and an active power following control system.

[0029] In some embodiments, establishing a wind power generation model includes:

[0030] The basic equations that control the mechanical power of a wind turbine rotor blade are constructed to capture:

[0031] Build a wind power generation model based on basic equations;

[0032] The basic equation is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, P 风 is the output power of the wind power generation model, ρ is the air density (kg / m3), A is the area swept by the rotor blades, v is the wind speed, Cp is the power coefficient, λ is the blade tip speed, and θ is the pitch angle.

[0035] In some embodiments, establishing a photovoltaic power generation model includes:

[0036] Establish the relationship model between the output voltage and load current of the photovoltaic array;

[0037] Calculate the first power of the photovoltaic array injected into the medium voltage direct current hydrogen production system;

[0038] Establishing a photovoltaic power generation model according to the relationship model and the first power;

[0039] The relationship model is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] in, and dV = β·dT-R s dI,I PV is the load current of the photovoltaic array, T ref is the reference battery temperature, G ref is the reference solar irradiance, Tc is the actual operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell, G is the actual solar irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, and Rs is the series resistance of the photovoltaic cell; I m is the current corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, V m is the voltage corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, N PV is the number of photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic array, V oc is the output voltage of the photovoltaic array, I sc is the real-time current of the photovoltaic array under the current shading coefficient, dI is the differential current of the photovoltaic array, dV is the differential voltage of the photovoltaic array, dV is the temperature compensation voltage of the photovoltaic array, and α and β are parameters of the photovoltaic array;

[0042] The first power is as follows:

[0043] P PV =I PV V PV (1-K PV-loss );

[0044] Among them, P PV For the first power, V PV is the load voltage of the photovoltaic array, KPV-loss is the loss coefficient of the photovoltaic array. In some embodiments, an alkaline electrolyzer model is established, comprising:

[0045] Establish the voltammetric characteristics of an alkaline electrolyzer stack;

[0046] Calculate the DC voltage of an alkaline electrolyzer stack from its volt-ampere characteristics;

[0047] calculating a first electrical power consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer stack based on the DC voltage;

[0048] An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established based on a controlled voltage source, a variable resistor, and a first electric power.

[0049] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen production device, the device comprising:

[0050] Among them, the construction module is used to construct a system energy storage configuration model;

[0051] A collection module, used to collect first data of the offline hydrogen production system, the first data including operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier and operating parameters of the hydrogen load;

[0052] An optimization module, configured to optimize the energy storage capacity through a system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain an optimization result;

[0053] A hydrogen production module is used to control the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operations according to the optimization results;

[0054] Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, several transformer rectifiers, a medium-voltage DC bus, several electrolyzers and an inverter;

[0055] The power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy;

[0056] The energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy;

[0057] Transformer rectifiers are used to convert the alternating current of electrical energy into direct current;

[0058] The medium voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output terminal of the transformer rectifier and is used to transmit DC power under off-grid conditions;

[0059] Several electrolyzers are connected to a medium voltage DC bus in parallel and are used to generate hydrogen by electrolyzing water under DC power supply.

[0060] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor implementing the above-mentioned hydrogen production method when executing the computer program.

[0061] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned hydrogen production method is implemented.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a hydrogen production method, device, electronic device and storage medium. After the scheme constructs a system energy storage configuration model, the first data of the offline hydrogen production system is collected and the energy storage capacity is optimized through the system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain the optimization result. Finally, the offline hydrogen production system is controlled to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result. Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes: a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a transformer rectifier, a medium-voltage DC bus, an electrolyzer and an inverter; the power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy; the energy storage unit is connected to the power supply unit for storing electrical energy; the transformer rectifier is used to convert AC power into DC power; the medium-voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output of the transformer rectifier for transmitting DC power under off-grid conditions; multiple electrolyzers are connected to the medium-voltage DC bus for generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water under DC power supply. This application converts renewable energy wind energy and solar energy into direct current through a power supply unit and a transformer rectifier, and then uses a medium-voltage DC bus and an electrolyzer to electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen. Under off-grid conditions, it can ensure that the hydrogen production process is not affected by grid fluctuations. At the same time, under renewable energy microgrid conditions, combined with the use of a medium-voltage DC bus, the operating stability of the hydrogen production process can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a hydrogen production method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2 It is a detailed structural diagram of the off-grid hydrogen production system;

[0065] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the system energy storage configuration model;

[0066] Figure 4 It is the one-year operation curve of the hydrogen production system;

[0067] Figure 5 It is the controller equivalent circuit diagram of TPTL DC-DC converter;

[0068] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the controller configuration of the TPTL DC-DC converter;

[0069] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of wind speed variation during the simulation of renewable energy hydrogen production system;

[0070] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the power change in the wind power generation module during the simulation of the renewable energy hydrogen production system;

[0071] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the power variation of the electrolyzer during the simulation of the renewable energy hydrogen production system;

[0072] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the power change in the energy storage power supply corresponding to the electrolyzer during the simulation of the renewable energy hydrogen production system;

[0073] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of voltage changes in the 35KV AC bus during the simulation of the renewable energy hydrogen production system;

[0074] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the voltage change in the 4kV DC bus during the simulation of the renewable energy hydrogen production system;

[0075] Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application.

[0078] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used to describe various concepts in this article, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another concept. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiment of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination".

[0079] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc. used in this application, at least one includes one, two or more, multiple includes two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any refers to any one of the multiple.

[0080] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0081] Among the related technologies, renewable energy power generation systems have developed rapidly, and the system power supply capacity has reached the megawatt level. Renewable energy hydrogen production technology has been proven to have important research value and engineering practice significance. The use of renewable energy hydrogen production technology combined with medium-voltage DC distribution technology can improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy power generation. At present, there are two main types of renewable energy hydrogen production solutions: grid-connected and off-grid.

[0082] Due to the high volatility of renewable energy, grid-connected power generation often reduces the stability of the power grid. In addition, the power supply quality and output characteristics of renewable energy can also lead to problems such as wind and solar power abandonment, resulting in resource waste. Under off-grid conditions, there are technical problems of low operating stability in the process of converting fluctuating renewable energy power into direct current for electrolysis.

[0083] In view of this, a hydrogen production method is provided in an embodiment of the present application. The hydrogen production method first constructs a system energy storage configuration model, collects first data of the offline hydrogen production system, and then optimizes the energy storage capacity of the system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain an optimization result, and finally controls the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operations according to the optimization result. Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes: a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a transformer rectifier, a medium-voltage DC bus, an electrolyzer and an inverter; the power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy; the energy storage unit is connected to the power supply unit for storing electrical energy; the transformer rectifier is used to convert alternating current into direct current; the medium-voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output of the transformer rectifier for transmitting direct current under off-grid conditions; multiple electrolyzers are connected to the medium-voltage DC bus for generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water under a DC power supply state. This application converts renewable energy wind energy and solar energy into direct current through a power supply unit and a transformer rectifier, and then uses a medium-voltage DC bus and an electrolyzer to electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen. Under off-grid conditions, it can ensure that the hydrogen production process is not affected by grid fluctuations. At the same time, under renewable energy microgrid conditions, combined with the use of a medium-voltage DC bus, the operating stability of the hydrogen production process can be improved.

[0084] The hydrogen production method provided in the embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production from renewable energy. The hydrogen production method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a terminal, can be applied to a server, or can be software running in a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, and a car terminal, etc., but is not limited to this; the server side can be configured as an independent physical server, or it can be configured as a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, and can also be configured as a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server can also be a node server in a blockchain network; the software can be an application that implements the hydrogen production method, etc., but is not limited to the above forms.

[0085] The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc. The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments, in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

[0086] Figure 1 is an optional flow chart of the hydrogen production method provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The method may include but is not limited to steps S101 to S104.

[0087] S101: Construct system energy storage configuration model;

[0088] S102: collecting first data of the offline hydrogen production system, the first data including operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier, and operating parameters of the hydrogen load;

[0089] S103: Optimizing the energy storage capacity through a system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain an optimization result;

[0090] S104: Controlling the off-line hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operations according to the optimization results.

[0091] Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, several transformer rectifiers, a medium-voltage DC bus, several electrolyzers and an inverter;

[0092] The power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy;

[0093] The energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy;

[0094] Transformer rectifiers are used to convert the alternating current of electrical energy into direct current;

[0095] The medium voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output terminal of the transformer rectifier and is used to transmit DC power under off-grid conditions;

[0096] Several electrolyzers are connected to a medium voltage DC bus in parallel and are used to generate hydrogen by electrolyzing water under DC power supply.

[0097] In a specific embodiment, the off-grid hydrogen production system further includes an inverter, an auxiliary load, and a backup power supply;

[0098] Inverters are used to convert DC power into AC power;

[0099] The auxiliary load is connected to the AC output terminal of the inverter;

[0100] The backup power supply is connected to the AC output of the inverter.

[0101] The auxiliary load is used to maintain the basic operation requirements of the system; for example, the auxiliary load includes a control system, lighting and ventilation systems. The backup power supply is used to provide power when the power supply unit is unavailable.

[0102] Further, the power supply unit includes a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, and the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module are operated in parallel on the AC bus;

[0103] The wind power generation module includes a double-fed induction generator for converting wind energy into electrical energy;

[0104] Photovoltaic power generation modules include photovoltaic arrays, which are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0105] To further explain the specific structure of the off-grid hydrogen production system, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is the specific structural diagram of the off-grid hydrogen production system.

[0106] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the off-grid hydrogen production system includes: a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, two transformer rectifiers, a medium-voltage DC bus, two electrolyzers, an inverter, an auxiliary load and a backup power supply.

[0107] The power supply unit includes a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, which are connected in parallel on a 35KV AC bus. The wind power generation module includes three double-fed induction generators (DFIGs), including the first double-fed induction generator (1#5MW DFIG), the second double-fed induction generator (2#5MW DFIG) and the third double-fed induction generator (3#5MW DFIG). The output power of each double-fed induction generator (DFIG) is 5MWp, which is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; the photovoltaic power generation module includes a photovoltaic array (5MWp PV), whose output power is 5MW (megawatts), which is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0108] The energy storage unit is connected to the power supply unit and is used to store electrical energy. The energy storage unit includes a No. 1 energy storage unit (1#Energy Storage) and a No. 2 energy storage unit (2#Energy Storage). The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the No. 1 energy storage unit, and the wind power generation module is connected to the No. 2 energy storage unit. In addition, the energy storage unit is also used to support the black start process of the doubly fed induction generator and photovoltaic power generation.

[0109] The two transformer rectifiers include the No. 1 transformer rectifier and the No. 2 transformer rectifier, both of which are connected to the output end of the 35KV AC bus. Among them, the No. 1 transformer rectifier (1#Transformer rectifier) ​​has a rated power of 4MW; the No. 2 transformer rectifier (2#Transformer rectifier) ​​has a rated power of 15MW, both of which are used to convert AC power into DC power.

[0110] A 4000V medium voltage DC bus (MVDC) is connected to the DC output of the transformer rectifier for stable power transmission under off-grid conditions.

[0111] The two electrolyzers include No. 1 Hydrogen electrolytic cell and No. 2 Hydrogen electrolytic cell. No. 1 and No. 2 are connected in parallel on a 4000V medium-voltage DC busbar and are used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water under a DC power supply state. The rated power of each electrolyzer is 5MW. Specifically, the DC power output by the medium-voltage DC busbar is processed by two hydrogen production power supplies and outputs electric energy suitable for the electrolyzer, thereby improving the stability and safety of the working process of the electrolyzer.

[0112] The inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current, with a rated power of 2MW; the auxiliary load is connected to the AC output of the inverter, with a rated power of 1.1MW; the 10KV AC backup power supply is connected to the AC output of the inverter to provide backup power to the electrolyzer, thereby improving the stability of the working process.

[0113] The main purpose of the off-grid hydrogen production system is to make full use of renewable energy to produce hydrogen, which means that the electrolyzer load follows the renewable energy power. At the same time, the energy management of the off-grid hydrogen production system minimizes the use of energy storage to maintain the life of the energy storage. The produced hydrogen will be transported to other production links through pipelines or other technologies, so this application does not consider hydrogen storage equipment.

[0114] In addition, when the capacity of the off-grid hydrogen production system needs to be expanded, only one set of 35kV busbars needs to be added on the AC side. A set of energy storage and energy management system (RES) is configured on each AC busbar, and then connected to the 4000V DC system through a transformer rectifier. Since the control strategy designed in this application is fully distributed, there is no need to adjust the control parameters and wiring of the original equipment. When one set of RES fails or is manually removed, the other set of RES will not be affected.

[0115] Furthermore, the system energy storage configuration model is constructed by Matlab software. Matlab software can design economical, efficient and reliable microgrids that combine traditional energy and renewable energy. The optimal method based on simulation and multi-core parallel computing can quickly obtain the optimal solution of the design space and perform sensitivity analysis on the specified parameters. The interface with Simulink also enables Matlab software to design better energy scheduling strategies. Please refer to the system energy storage configuration model constructed by Matlab software Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the system energy storage configuration model. It is worth noting that the structure of the off-grid hydrogen production system is simplified in Matlab software. For example, multiple devices of the same type are equated to one device, and the simplification will not affect the optimization results.

[0116] Depend on Figure 3 It can be obtained that the system energy storage configuration model is connected with the hydrogen load, including photovoltaic panels (5MWp PV), doubly fed induction generators, converters (19MW DFIG), electrolyzers, auxiliary loads (2MW) and energy storage units (ES) to be optimized.

[0117] The photovoltaic panel has an output power of 5MWp and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) has a rated power of 19MW and is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy; the photovoltaic panel and the doubly-fed induction generator are connected to the converter through an AC bus (AC); the energy storage unit (ES) is connected to the doubly-fed induction generator and the photovoltaic panel for storing electrical energy; the converter has a rated power of 19MW and is used to convert AC power into DC power; the converter is connected to the electrolyzer through a DC bus; the electrolyzer, whose load power is 10MW, is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water; the auxiliary load is connected to the DC bus (DC); the power of the auxiliary load is 2MW and is used to consume excess electrical energy generated by the system.

[0118] In a specific embodiment, first data of the offline hydrogen production system is collected, and the first data includes operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier, and operating parameters of the hydrogen load, specifically:

[0119] The characteristics and operating limitations of alkaline electrolyzers (AE) are unique. When the electrolyzer is operated at low power, due to the characteristics of the internal materials of the electrolyzer, the operating power of the electrolyzer cannot be lower than a certain limit, otherwise there is a risk of hydrogen and oxygen exceeding the explosion limit. The limit is generally 20% to 25% of the rated power of the electrolyzer. When the electrolyzer is operating, its power can exceed the rated power for a short period of time, reaching 110%-130% of the rated power. The dynamic operating characteristics of the alkaline water electrolyzer take 1 second to rise from no load to 10% of full load. When the load is shed, the time from full load to 10% of full load is 1 second, which is faster than the power regulation speed during loading

[23] .

[0120] The efficiency of the power converters (i.e., DC / DC converter and AC / DC rectifier) ​​is 95%. The battery round-trip efficiency is 85%, while the battery loss rate used is 0.0083%. The AE efficiency considered in the simulation is 70%, while 25% of the nominal electrolyzer power is used as the minimum electrolyzer power input. In the economic section, the project life cycle is assumed to be 25 years. For all system components, the replacement cost is considered equal to the initial capital cost. In addition, 2% of the initial capital cost of the wind turbine, electrolyzer, and converters is assumed as annual operation and maintenance (O&M) cost. The initial capital cost of WT (wind turbine) is $2000 / kW (US dollars) and the service life is 25 years. The initial capital cost of all power converters is $1000 / kW and the service life is 15 years. The battery pack should be replaced 5 times during the project life cycle because of its short life, assumed to be 5 years, while its initial capital and O&M costs are $130 / kW and $6 / kW / year per unit battery, respectively. The electrolyser has an initial capital cost of $4,000 / kW and a useful life of 15 years.

[0121] The preprocessing process of hydrogen load data is as follows: Since there is no load following power supply regulation mode in Matlab software, hydrogen load data needs to be preprocessed. First, according to the project address, local wind and solar energy resources and environmental data can be obtained by querying historical data. The selected wind turbine and photovoltaic capacity are used to calculate the power of wind turbines and photovoltaics in one year. After the summation operation, the total power curve of renewable energy can be obtained, and then the hydrogen load curve under the current renewable energy power curve is obtained according to the constraints of alkaline battery characteristics, including the limit of the power regulation range, start and stop time, power regulation speed, etc. In most cases, the hydrogen load can match the output power of renewable energy.

[0122] When the hydrogen load constraint is not met, energy storage is needed to make up for the power difference. At this time, it can be calculated and processed by Matlab software. NPV is the net present value cost. N is the maximum number of simulations in the optimization process, which is 10,000.

[0123] Furthermore, according to the above simulation conditions, the optimized result of energy storage capacity based on Matlab simulation is 3MWh. The one-year operation curve of the hydrogen production system obtained through data preprocessing and optimized configuration is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is the one-year operation curve of the hydrogen production system.

[0124] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer varies with the changes in wind and solar power generation, showing obvious seasonal characteristics.

[0125] The off-grid hydrogen production system proposed in this application includes wind and solar power supply, energy storage system, transformer using multi-pulse technology combined with uncontrolled rectifier, hydrogen production power supply, electrolyzer, hydrogen production auxiliary load and emergency power supply, etc. Among them, multiple electrolyzers are operated in parallel on a 4000V medium voltage DC bus, and wind and solar power supplies and their corresponding grid support energy storage are operated in parallel on an independent AC bus.

[0126] An optimal configuration model for system energy storage was constructed in Matlab software. Using the collected and processed data, the energy storage capacity was optimized, and it was found that the battery compensated for the unbalanced power between renewable energy and load.

[0127] In a specific embodiment, controlling the off-line hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result includes:

[0128] Build a wind power generation model;

[0129] Establish photovoltaic power generation model;

[0130] Build an alkaline electrolyzer model;

[0131] Based on the wind power generation model, photovoltaic power generation model and alkaline electrolyzer model, combined with the distributed control architecture, the model of the off-grid hydrogen production system is simulated and verified, and the simulation results are obtained;

[0132] Control the off-grid hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operations according to the simulation results;

[0133] Among them, the distributed control architecture includes an energy storage system with auxiliary control and floating AC voltage, and an active power following control system.

[0134] Furthermore, a wind power generation model is established, including:

[0135] The basic equations that control the mechanical power of a wind turbine rotor blade are constructed to capture:

[0136] Build a wind power generation model based on basic equations;

[0137] The basic equation is as follows:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, P 风 is the output power of the wind power generation model, ρ is the air density (kg / m3), A is the area swept by the rotor blades, v is the wind speed, Cp is the power coefficient, λ is the blade tip speed, and θ is the pitch angle.

[0140] When the wind speed is above the rated wind speed, the output power remains constant, even though the wind turbine has the potential to produce more power. When the wind speed is above the cut-off speed, the system stops operating to protect its components.

[0141] In the rotating coordinate system, the machine-side rectifier of the wind turbine generator set generally adopts dual closed-loop control of the active power outer loop and the current inner loop to ensure the current tracking. In order to achieve fast response of the converter, the d-axis adopts single-loop control with zero reference current.

[0142] Wind turbine grid-side converter control requirements U dc The d-axis double closed-loop control uses the DC bus voltage as the outer loop and the current as the inner loop. The q-axis uses the reactive outer loop and current inner loop control strategy and Q convref = 0. That is, the system does not output reactive power, thereby reducing the capacity configuration of the converter and reducing the system investment cost.

[0143] Furthermore, a photovoltaic power generation model is established, including:

[0144] Establish the relationship model between the output voltage and load current of the photovoltaic array;

[0145] Calculate the first power of the photovoltaic array injected into the medium voltage direct current hydrogen production system;

[0146] Establishing a photovoltaic power generation model according to the relationship model and the first power;

[0147] The relationship model is as follows:

[0148]

[0149] in, and dV = β·dT-R s dI,I PV is the load current of the photovoltaic array, T ref is the reference battery temperature, G ref is the reference solar irradiance, Tc is the actual operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell, G is the actual solar irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, and Rs is the series resistance of the photovoltaic cell; I m is the current corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, V m is the voltage corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, N PV is the number of photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic array, V oc is the output voltage of the photovoltaic array, I sc is the real-time current of the photovoltaic array under the current shading coefficient, dI is the differential current of the photovoltaic array, dV is the differential voltage of the photovoltaic array, and dV is the temperature compensation voltage of the photovoltaic array; α and β are parameters of the photovoltaic array, which can be a constant determined according to the actual situation of the photovoltaic array.

[0150] The first power is as follows:

[0151] P PV =I PV V PV (1-K PV-loss );

[0152] Among them, P PV is the first power, V PV is the load voltage of the photovoltaic array; K PV-loss is the loss coefficient of the photovoltaic array, which may be a constant for the photovoltaic array in different application scenarios.

[0153] The topology and control structure of photovoltaic power generation system are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the controller equivalent circuit of the TPTL DC-DC converter.

[0154] Depend on Figure 5It can be seen that the controller of the TPTL DC-DC converter consists of a PID controller loop and three identical current PI controller loops. The voltage PI controller provides the same compensation error voltage to the three current PI controllers to ensure the current balance between the three current controllers. The TPTL DC-DC converter is connected to a hydrogen production electrolyzer. It is designed to provide stable power to the electrolyzer through efficient energy conversion and transmission to promote the electrolysis of water and produce hydrogen. Among them, the input power supply (4000V DC) serves as the input power supply Vin of the converter, providing 4000 volts of direct current. The medium frequency transformer is located in the center of the circuit for voltage conversion and isolation circuit. The inductor (LA, LB, LC) is connected to the secondary winding of the medium frequency transformer T for energy storage and filtering to smooth the current waveform. The electrolyzer is the load Relec of the converter, which is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water.

[0155] Furthermore, the controller configuration of the TPTL DC-DC converter is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the controller configuration for the TPTL DC-DC converter.

[0156] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the controller configuration is designed to achieve precise control of the DC-DC converter output voltage and balanced management of each phase current.

[0157] Among them, the input voltage (V in ) is the input supply voltage of the converter. The reference voltage (V inref ) is the desired output voltage reference value, which is used to compare the actual output voltage (Vo). The PID controller receives the reference voltage (V inref ) and the actual output voltage (Vo), and generates a control signal (i Lref ) to adjust the output voltage to the reference value. The current reference signal (i Lref ), used to set the current target value of each phase. The current feedback signal (i LA ,i LB ,i LC ) for comparison with the current reference signal. Each phase has an independent PI (proportional integral) controller to adjust the current of the phase to the current reference signal (i Lref ) value. The switching signal (D A ,D B ,D C) is used to control the power switch of the corresponding phase, thereby adjusting the current to the desired value. The actual output voltage (Vo) of the converter is the combined output of the three phases. Phase (PhaseA, PhaseB, PhaseC) is the three-phase output of the converter, and each phase is independently controlled by a PI controller.

[0158] This controller configuration uses a PID controller to achieve precise control of the output voltage, and uses three-phase independent PI controllers to achieve balanced management of the current of each phase, ensuring stable operation and efficient energy conversion of the converter.

[0159] The TPTL phase-shift DC-DC converter of the present invention achieves three-phase current balance and efficient energy conversion through its unique phase-shift control strategy. The configuration of inductors LA, LB and LC helps to reduce current harmonics and improve the power factor of the system. The integration of the electrolyzer makes the system suitable for the utilization of renewable energy, especially in wind and solar power generation, and can effectively convert intermittent energy into hydrogen, an energy form that is easy to store and transport.

[0160] Furthermore, an alkaline electrolyzer model is established, including:

[0161] Establish the voltammetric characteristics of an alkaline electrolyzer stack;

[0162] Calculate the DC voltage of an alkaline electrolyzer stack from its volt-ampere characteristics;

[0163] calculating a first electrical power consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer stack based on the DC voltage;

[0164] An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established based on a controlled voltage source, a variable resistor, and a first electric power.

[0165] In a specific embodiment, alkaline electrolyzer (AE), proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and solid oxide electrolyzer. Among them, the efficiency of AE is 62%-82%, which is lower than the others. The main advantages of AE are high maturity, large capacity, good stability and low investment cost. AE consists of a pair of electrodes immersed in an alkaline solution (usually 25%-30% potassium hydroxide (KOH)), separated by a diaphragm to prevent gas mixing.

[0166] The AE model mainly includes the electrochemical analysis model and the engineering experience model. This paper adopts the engineering model provided by the literature. Since the voltage of a single electrolytic cell is low, multiple single electrolytic cells are connected in series to form a type A stack. The volt-ampere characteristics of the AE stack are:

[0167] U cell =U rev +U R +U t ;

[0168]

[0169] Among them, U t and U R are the ohmic voltage and polarization voltage of the electrolytic cell respectively; r1 and r2 are the ohmic resistance parameters of the electrolyte; T el is the electrolytic cell temperature, A cell is the electrolysis module area, I el is the DC current, s1, s2, s3 are the electrode overvoltage coefficients, t1, t2, t3 are the electrode overvoltage coefficients. rev As shown below:

[0170]

[0171] Where ΔG is the Gibbs free energy change of the electrochemical reaction process, z is the number of electrons transferred per reaction, and F is the Faraday constant. rev =1.228V. AE DC voltage U el for:

[0172] U el =N el U cell ;

[0173] Among them, N el is the number of serial modules in the electrolyzer. In this simulation analysis, N el is 50.

[0174] According to Faraday's law, the hydrogen production rate of the fuel cell depends on the current of the electrolyzer.

[0175]

[0176] Among them, I el / A cell Represents the current density. Electrolysis efficiency η F , which varies with current density and temperature. The power consumed by the electrolyzer as a whole is P el It can be expressed as:

[0177] P el =N el U el I el ;

[0178] MW-level electrolyzer loads require a hydrogen production power source with low voltage and high current characteristics. This paper adopts a three-phase three-level (TPTL) phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PSPWM) DC-DC converter applicable to the MVDC scenario. The power source has a high power density, and the configured intermediate-frequency transformer enables the power source to have a fault isolation ability. Three mutually independent intermediate-frequency single-phase transformers are used to achieve the required isolation between the primary side and the secondary side. On the secondary side, three single-phase, uncontrolled full-wave rectifiers are connected in parallel through three output filter inductors. In the steady state of continuous current mode (CCM), when 0.08 < Dα < 0.42, the average value of the rectified output voltage is given by the following formula:

[0179]

[0180] where n is the turns ratio of the transformer. In the steady state of discontinuous current mode (DCM), some minimum inductor currents become zero. The average value of the rectified output voltage is:

[0181]

[0182] where f s is the switching frequency, and I o is the output current.

[0183] Furthermore, this application proposes a decentralized coordination control strategy, including: 1) a supported energy storage system with auxiliary control and floating AC voltage; 2) active power tracking control. The communication-based centralized control mode may make the system unsafe in case of communication failures. Therefore, a communication-independent decentralized control architecture is developed and designed, which can enable the electrolyzer load to follow the output power of renewable energy, reduce the charge and discharge of the energy storage, and extend its service life.

[0184] 1) A supported energy storage system with auxiliary control and floating AC voltage.

[0185] There are many types of batteries, and there are also many factors affecting battery performance. In order to predict battery performance, different mathematical models exist. None of them are completely accurate, nor do they include all necessary performance influencing factors. This method is a general method in which an ideal controlled voltage source in series with a resistor is used to simulate the battery.

[0186] The open-circuit voltage of the general battery nonlinear equivalent model is determined according to the actual state of charge of the battery;

[0187] Its mathematical relationship is expressed as:

[0188]

[0189] The battery voltage is:

[0190] UBat =E-iR eq ;

[0191] The battery SOC value is usually expressed as a percentage, and its mathematical expression is:

[0192]

[0193] Among them, R eq is the equivalent internal resistance of the battery, U Bat is the output voltage of the battery. E is the no-load voltage of the battery.

[0194] The total power contribution of the battery pack to the medium voltage DC hydrogen production system can be expressed as:

[0195] P b =i B U Bat (1-K B-loss );

[0196] The topology and control structure of battery energy storage and its converter are shown in Figure Traditional grid support inverter based on voltage and current dual closed-loop control.

[0197] The outer loop of the energy storage power supply has two functions: active power zeroing control and SOC recovery control. The specific implementation method is to make the AC bus voltage float, and the q-axis voltage reference value of the voltage outer loop floats within the constant value [0.9,1.1]. The role of active power zeroing control is to prevent the energy storage from receiving active power in steady state. All the electricity generated by renewable energy is absorbed by the electrolytic battery load. When the sensor detects active power output from the energy storage, the AC bus voltage will increase, and vice versa.

[0198] The role of recycling is to keep the energy storage SOC within a reasonable charge and discharge range so that it has the ability to charge and discharge. When the SOC is lower than the set value of 0.8, the AC bus voltage will decrease, and vice versa.

[0199] In order to avoid coupling of the control loop, it is necessary to reasonably design the bandwidth of the power supply outer loop, where the control bandwidth of the active power regulation control loop is 0.5Hz. The bandwidth of the SOC recovery control outer loop is designed to be 0.1Hz. The active power zeroing control Kp1Ki1 coefficients are 5 and 5 respectively; the Kp2Ki2 coefficients of the SOC recovery control link are 0.2 and 0.1 respectively. The PI controller mentioned above uses an integrated Anti-WindUp PI controller. In steady state, the energy storage satisfies the following relationship:

[0200]

[0201] P bi =0 SOC bi =80%.

[0202] 2) Active power following control.

[0203] As mentioned above, the AC voltage fluctuates with the active power and SOC of the storage port. Therefore, this paper proposes to achieve AC voltage regulation by controlling the DC side voltage of the MVDC bus. The double closed-loop control is as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0204] The rated DC bus voltage is determined by the parameters of the transformer and diode rectifier and the line impedance. The DC voltage is usually 1.35 times the RMS of the transformer interface voltage. Considering the system capacity, it is reasonable to choose 4kV medium voltage DC in this article. The selection of voltage range needs to be determined based on equipment cost and technology maturity. According to the control strategy designed in the above formula, when the output power of renewable energy or energy storage SOC is greater than 0.8, there is surplus power on the AC side. After the AC bus voltage is increased through the transformer and diode rectifier, the DC bus voltage is higher than 4000V.

[0205] Under the action of the voltage loop, a positive power reference will be generated. The electrolyzer tracks the current command according to its dynamic characteristics. And vice versa. In this way, the system achieves power balance through complete local control.

[0206] The bandwidth of PID control should be 1 / 10 of the current inner loop bandwidth. The bandwidth of the current loop is designed to be consistent with the dynamic characteristics of the electrolyzer. Through the classic controller design method, the proportional integral and differential parameters of the voltage loop are designed to be 0.7, 0.3, and 0.2.

[0207] Under the control of the hydrogen production power supply voltage, the power absorbed by the electrolyzer can follow the changes in the renewable energy output, and the power difference between the power supply and the load will be compensated by the energy storage. In addition, the role of the differential part in the voltage outer loop control is to use the load of the electrolyzer as a kind of energy storage on the load side, which can provide a certain inertial support for the DC bus when the DC bus voltage fluctuates due to changes in the renewable energy output. In the entire working range, the system power meets the requirements.

[0208] Furthermore, the present application proposes a simulation verification process, in which the simulation model of the entire system is built into the PSCAD / EMTDC software, and the simulation operations are performed through the PSCAD / EMTDC software.

[0209] In order to verify the effectiveness of the system solution and the system source-load coordinated control strategy, the full-power operation of a 10MW electrolyzer was taken as an example. On this basis, the electromagnetic transient simulation calculation of the system under extreme conditions such as a sudden drop in wind speed was carried out.

[0210] Assume that the wind speed is 8m / s, the light intensity is 1000W / m2, the power of the electrolyzer is 10MW, the wind speed changes at 3s, and the wind speed suddenly drops from 8m / s to 0 within 1.5s. The simulation results are as follows Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 shown.

[0211] From the simulation results, it can be seen that according to the given parameters, the MVDC network and distributed coordinated control strategy proposed in this paper can achieve stable operation of the 10MW hydrogen production power supply system. Especially in extreme cases such as high-power wind power fluctuations (even all wind power unloading), the hydrogen production power can still track the fluctuations of wind and solar power output, realize the normal networking operation of the system, and the AC and DC power supply quality can meet the system requirements.

[0212] In some embodiments, the design conditions are assumed as follows: DFIG starts at a wind speed of 9m / s, and the PV model has a sunshine of 500W / m2. The initial SOC values ​​of the PV and fan energy storage are 79% and 78% respectively. At 5 seconds, the sunlight of the PV model changes to 1000W / m2. At 10s, the wind speed of the DFIG changes to 5m / s in 4s. Specifically, the simulation results are as follows: Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown. Among them, from Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that, on the one hand, the electrolyzer can track the power changes of PV and DFIG, and the power tracking effect is satisfactory. On the other hand, the SOC of the energy storage can fluctuate around the set point of 80. After reaching the quasi-steady state, the energy storage SOC remains basically unchanged, and the energy storage output power is basically 0.

[0213] Understandably, Figure 8 The simulation results show the change process of active power (Pwind, corresponding to MV) and reactive power (Owind, corresponding to MVar) corresponding to the DFIG power supply. Fig.10 The simulation results show the change process of active power (Pbat2, corresponding to MV) and reactive power (Qbat2, corresponding to MVar) corresponding to the DFIG energy storage power supply. Fig. 9 The power change process of the electrolytic cell Fig.11 The changes of the voltage on the two 35kV AC busbars (Uac35kV_1 and Uac35kV_2) and Fig.12From the voltage change process on the 4kV DC bus, it can be seen that this application realizes active power zeroing control and SOC recovery control. During 0-4s, the energy storage is in the SOC recovery control stage, all photovoltaic power is used for energy storage, while the DFIG power is large and part of it is used for energy storage SOC recovery. After the SOC recovery control is completed, the energy storage active power drops to near zero, and the electrolyzer power follows the total power of PV and DFIG.

[0214] In order to verify the stable operation of the system under real environmental data, the wind speed, irradiation and temperature data of the project site for one year were selected for simulation. It is worth noting that in order to reduce the simulation time, the real-time time of one year was compressed to 24 seconds. The simulation results show that the designed control strategy can achieve the energy balance of "source-load-storage", the load power can follow the total power of RES in real time, the energy storage SOC does not fluctuate much during the whole simulation process, and the charging and discharging is relatively stable.

[0215] This application establishes a mathematical model of the DFIG wind power generation system, photovoltaic (PV) system, electrolyzer load and power supply, and designs a decentralized control architecture independent of communication based on this. The system achieves power balance through complete local control through active power following control. And in PSCAD / EMTDC software, simulation is carried out according to the given parameters.

[0216] In a specific embodiment, the present application conducts an economic analysis on an offline hydrogen production system, as shown in Table 1, which is a comparison table of the environmental values ​​of thermal power and wind power when the costs are the same.

[0217] Table 1

[0218]

[0219] It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with thermal power generation, wind power generation shows better economic efficiency. Considering various factors, the unit cost of wind power generation is lower than that of thermal power generation. Considering the environmental value, wind power generation has more advantages.

[0220] Based on the above, this application proposes a medium voltage direct current (MVDC) topology structure for the hydrogen production network structure and system control strategy design of the island power system. This application also examines the hydrogen production system from the aspects of energy storage capacity planning and decentralized coordinated control strategy. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy has the following advantages:

[0221] (1) Research shows that for megawatt-scale off-grid hydrogen production systems, medium voltage direct current (MVDC) grid structures have advantages in scalability and stability compared to traditional AC hydrogen production systems. For a 20MW renewable energy hydrogen system, at least 3MWh of energy storage capacity is required under specific location and economic constraints.

[0222] (2) Compared with the traditional centralized control strategy, the decentralized coordinated control strategy designed in this application has the advantages of being independent of communication and highly reliable. The energy storage active power zeroing controller and the SOC recovery controller can ensure that the energy storage does not bear active power in a steady state, keep the SOC at the set value, and avoid overcharging and over-discharging.

[0223] (3) By controlling the medium voltage direct current (MVDC) bus voltage on the load side, the power of renewable energy can be matched with that of the load. The load power can track the power fluctuation of renewable energy and improve energy efficiency. Frequency domain research shows that the load power can be matched by tracking the power of renewable energy in seconds.

[0224] It can be understood that the contents of the above-mentioned hydrogen production method embodiment are applicable to the present device embodiment, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiment are the same as those of the above-mentioned hydrogen production method embodiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above-mentioned hydrogen production method embodiment.

[0225] See also Fig.13 , Fig.13 A hydrogen production device is shown, the device comprising:

[0226] Wherein, the construction module 901 is used to construct a system energy storage configuration model;

[0227] The acquisition module 902 is used to acquire first data of the offline hydrogen production system, where the first data includes operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier, and operating parameters of the hydrogen load;

[0228] An optimization module 903 is used to optimize the energy storage capacity through a system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain an optimization result;

[0229] A hydrogen production module 904 is used to control the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operations according to the optimization results;

[0230] Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, several transformer rectifiers, a medium-voltage DC bus, several electrolyzers and an inverter;

[0231] The power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy;

[0232] The energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy;

[0233] Transformer rectifiers are used to convert the alternating current of electrical energy into direct current;

[0234] The medium voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output terminal of the transformer rectifier and is used to transmit DC power under off-grid conditions;

[0235] Several electrolyzers are connected to a medium voltage DC bus in parallel and are used to generate hydrogen by electrolyzing water under DC power supply.

[0236] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above hydrogen production method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0237] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above hydrogen production method when executing the computer program. The electronic device can be any smart terminal including a tablet computer, a car computer, etc.

[0238] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above hydrogen production method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0239] See also Fig.14 , Fig.14 The hardware structure of an electronic device of another embodiment is illustrated, and the electronic device includes:

[0240] The processor 1001 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0241] The memory 1002 can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 1002 can store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1002, and the processor 1001 is called to execute the hydrogen production method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0242] Input / output interface 1003, used to implement information input and output;

[0243] The communication interface 1004 is used to realize the communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication can be realized through a wired manner (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or a wireless manner (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0244] A bus 1005 , which transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., the processor 1001 , the memory 1002 , the input / output interface 1003 , and the communication interface 1004 );

[0245] The processor 1001 , the memory 1002 , the input / output interface 1003 and the communication interface 1004 are connected to each other in communication within the device via the bus 1005 .

[0246] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the hydrogen production method when executed by a processor.

[0247] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present storage medium embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present storage medium embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0248] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0249] The hydrogen production method, hydrogen production device, electronic device and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application first construct a system energy storage configuration model, collect the first data of the offline hydrogen production system, and then optimize the energy storage capacity of the system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain the optimization result, and finally control the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result. Among them, the off-grid hydrogen production system includes: a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a transformer rectifier, a medium-voltage DC bus, an electrolyzer and an inverter; the power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy; the energy storage unit is connected to the power supply unit for storing electrical energy; the transformer rectifier is used to convert alternating current into direct current; the medium-voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output of the transformer rectifier for transmitting direct current under off-grid conditions; multiple electrolyzers are connected to the medium-voltage DC bus for generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water under direct current power supply. This application converts renewable energy wind energy and solar energy into direct current through a power supply unit and a transformer rectifier, and then uses a medium-voltage DC bus and an electrolyzer to electrolyze seawater to produce hydrogen. Under off-grid conditions, it can ensure that the hydrogen production process is not affected by grid fluctuations. At the same time, under renewable energy microgrid conditions, combined with the use of a medium-voltage DC bus, the operating stability of the hydrogen production process can be improved.

[0250] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0251] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0252] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0253] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.

[0254] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0255] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0256] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0257] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0258] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0259] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store programs.

[0260] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing hydrogen, characterized in that: The method comprises: Construct system energy storage configuration model; Collecting first data of the offline hydrogen production system, the first data including operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier or operating parameters of the hydrogen load; According to the first data, optimizing the energy storage capacity through the system energy storage configuration model to obtain an optimization result; Controlling the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result; Wherein, the off-grid hydrogen production system comprises a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a plurality of the transformer rectifiers, a medium voltage DC bus, a plurality of the electrolyzers and an inverter; The power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy; The energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy; The transformer rectifier is used to convert the alternating current of the electric energy into direct current; The medium voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output end of the transformer rectifier and is used to transmit the DC power in an off-grid condition; A plurality of the electrolytic cells are connected to the medium voltage DC bus in parallel, and are used to generate hydrogen by electrolyzing water under the DC power supply state.

2. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The off-grid hydrogen production system also includes an inverter, an auxiliary load and a backup power supply; The inverter is used to convert the direct current into alternating current; The auxiliary load is connected to the AC output terminal of the inverter; The backup power supply is connected to the AC output of the inverter.

3. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply unit comprises a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, and the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module are operated in parallel on the AC bus; The wind power generation module comprises a double-fed induction generator for converting wind energy into the electrical energy; The photovoltaic power generation module includes a photovoltaic array for converting solar energy into the electrical energy.

4. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 3, characterized in that The controlling the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result includes: Build a wind power generation model; Establish photovoltaic power generation model; Build an alkaline electrolyzer model; According to the wind power generation model, the photovoltaic power generation model and the alkaline electrolyzer model, combined with a distributed control architecture, the model of the off-grid hydrogen production system is simulated and verified to obtain simulation results; Controlling the off-grid hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the simulation result; The distributed control architecture includes an energy storage system with auxiliary control and floating AC voltage, and an active power following control system.

5. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wind power generation model is established, comprising: The basic equations that control the mechanical power of a wind turbine rotor blade are constructed to capture: Establishing the wind power generation model according to the basic equation; The basic equation is as follows: Among them, P 风 is the output power of the wind power generation model, ρ is the air density (kg / m3), A is the area swept by the rotor blades, v is the wind speed, Cp is the power coefficient, λ is the blade tip speed, and θ is the pitch angle.

6. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 5, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation model is established, comprising: Establishing a relationship model between the output voltage and load current of the photovoltaic array; Calculate the first power of the photovoltaic array injected into the medium voltage direct current hydrogen production system; Establishing the photovoltaic power generation model according to the relationship model and the first power; The relationship model is as follows: in, and dV = β·dT-R s dI,I PV is the load current of the photovoltaic array, T ref is the reference battery temperature, G ref is the reference solar irradiance, Tc is the actual operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell, G is the actual solar irradiance of the photovoltaic cell, and Rs is the series resistance of the photovoltaic cell; I m is the current corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, V m is the voltage corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, N PV is the number of photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic array, V oc is the output voltage of the photovoltaic array, I sc is the real-time current of the photovoltaic array under the current shading coefficient, dI is the differential current of the photovoltaic array, dV is the differential voltage of the photovoltaic array, dV is the temperature compensation voltage of the photovoltaic array, and α and β are parameters of the photovoltaic array; The first power is as follows: P PV =I PV V PV (1-K PV-loss ); Among them, P PV For the first power, V PV is the load voltage of the photovoltaic array, K PV-loss is the loss coefficient of the photovoltaic array.

7. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 6, characterized in that: The alkaline electrolytic cell model is established, comprising: Establish the voltammetric characteristics of an alkaline electrolyzer stack; calculating a DC voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell stack according to the volt-ampere characteristic; calculating a first electrical power consumed by the alkaline electrolytic cell stack based on the DC voltage; An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established based on a controlled voltage source, a variable resistor and the first electrical power.

8. A hydrogen production device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A building module for building a system energy storage configuration model; A collection module, used to collect first data of the offline hydrogen production system, wherein the first data includes operating parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer, operating parameters of the transformer rectifier and operating parameters of the hydrogen load; an optimization module, configured to optimize the energy storage capacity through the system energy storage configuration model according to the first data to obtain an optimization result; A hydrogen production module, used for controlling the offline hydrogen production system to perform hydrogen production operation according to the optimization result; Wherein, the off-grid hydrogen production system comprises a power supply unit, an energy storage unit, a plurality of the transformer rectifiers, a medium voltage DC bus, a plurality of the electrolyzers and an inverter; The power supply unit is used to convert wind energy and solar energy into electrical energy; The energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy; The transformer rectifier is used to convert the alternating current of the electric energy into direct current; The medium voltage DC bus is connected to the DC output end of the transformer rectifier and is used to transmit the DC power in an off-grid condition; A plurality of the electrolytic cells are connected to the medium voltage DC bus in parallel, and are used to generate hydrogen by electrolyzing water under the DC power supply state.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the hydrogen production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the hydrogen production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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