The invention discloses a light-induced dielectrophoresis technology-based single cell control method which has the following advantages that the cost is low, and a light-induced dielectrophoresis platform adopted in the method is low in cost; the operation is easy, the whole control process is basically finished automatically, i.e., only well-cultivated cells are required to be placed in a container, and the other operation is finished by software; the efficiency is high, i.e., as the whole control process is finished automatically, the classification of a large quantity of cells can be finished within a short time. By using the method disclosed by the invention, a problem that complex and elaborate electrode machining is required to be performed in a traditional dielectrophoresis chip is solved, and virtual electrodes with different shapes can be generated dynamically by an optical projection device, so that a non-uniform electric field is generated, dielectrophoresis force acts on the cells, and the control on the cells can be realized under the real-time observation by a microscope picture system.